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[0:00] We're looking today at Biblical Typology. Biblical Typology is the biblical study of types.! Types, meaning symbols, are used to represent something else.

[0:13] ! The New Testament is hidden in the Old, and this is a selection only.

[0:32] It's really just an overview of typology, and we're going to cover a fair bit of ground quite quickly. So you may want to pause this presentation as we go through to take time to make your own notes, to check the scriptures, and to digest some of the information.

[0:50] There are basically different sets of types. Persons, events, places, institutions, things, sacrifices, and feasts.

[1:02] Firstly, persons. Melchizedek represents the High Priesthood of Christ. Melchizedek and Christ are the only two who have occupied the two offices of priest and king at the same time.

[1:17] Hebrews 7, 3, 15-17. Aaron represents the priesthood of believers. Hebrews 5, 5.

[1:32] Adam represents Christ. 1 Corinthians 15, 22. Romans 5, 14, 19. Abraham and Isaac represent God and Christ.

[1:45] Genesis 22, 9. John 10, 17. Moses also represents Christ. We see parallels in that he was rejected by Israel in Exodus 2, 14.

[2:00] As Christ in John 1, verse 11. And he became a deliverer, a Messiah-type figure. Moses, like Joseph and Jonah, underwent a symbolic death and resurrection.

[2:12] Moses was placed in a basket and floated down the river Nile. And then he was drawn out of the Nile to be adopted as a prince.

[2:24] As an aside, apparently an Egyptian funerary ritual for royalty involved floating the body down the Nile River. David represents Christ, Ezekiel 37, 24.

[2:38] Jonah is also a picture of Christ being in the earth for three days and nights and then his resurrection. Jonah 1, verse 17, alike to Matthew 12, verse 40.

[2:53] Another set of types is events. We see the Passover represents Christ, our Passover, our sacrifice. 1 Corinthians 5, verse 7.

[3:04] The flood represents the sudden destruction of the world yet to come at the end. Matthew 24, 37 through 39. The Rock of Horeb gives a preview of the life-sustaining water provided by our Lord.

[3:21] Exodus 17, verse 6, and alike to John 4, verse 14 and 1 Corinthians 10, verse 4. Another set of types is places.

[3:35] Egypt represents the sinner's state of bondage such as holds the sinner prior to his conversion. Or speaks of the world. We see that in Acts 7, verse 34.

[3:45] Galatians 4, verse 2. Romans 6, 17. 1 Corinthians 10. Jerusalem or Zion typifies the church and finally heaven.

[3:58] Galatians 4, 25 through 26. Hebrews 12, verse 2. Revelation 21, verse 2. Babylon held God's people captive in the Old Testament.

[4:11] We can see that Babylon pictures the condition of an apostate church that has departed from the simplicity of the New Testament pattern. Revelation 17, verse 5 and chapter 18, verse 4.

[4:28] The cities of refuge that the guilty party could flee to to find safe shelter represent Christ, our refuge. Hebrews 6, verse 18.

[4:38] Another set of types are institutions. We see the tabernacle veil represents Christ, the believer's access to God.

[4:51] It represents the person of Christ, particularly his humanity. Hebrews 10, verse 20. Matthew 27, verse 51. The tabernacle itself has many symbols referring to Christ, our sacrifice.

[5:05] Christ, the door. The various layers of coverings over the tabernacle represent Christ's godliness, the intricately woven inner covering, and his humanity, the dull outer covering.

[5:20] Hebrews 10, 11 through 12. The Sabbath represents the spiritual rest for the believer of salvation. Hebrews 4, verse 9. Another set of types is things.

[5:33] Things such as the coats of skin that God gave Adam and Eve, which represented the covering of man's sin and shame. Abel's lamb represents Christ as the firstborn of the flock.

[5:49] Jacob's ladder represents how Christ provides both communication from the Father, John 1, 18 and Hebrews 1, 1 through 2, as well as providing access to heaven, John 14, verse 6.

[6:03] Also we could refer Genesis 28, verse 12 and John 1, verse 51. The brazen serpent was lifted up in the wilderness through which the people found physical healing.

[6:20] It was a type as well of the lifted up Christ through whom spiritual healing comes. Numbers 21, verse 8. John 3, 14. John 12, 32.

[6:32] Isaiah 53, verse 5. The most holy place of the tabernacle represents heaven. Hebrews 9, verse 24.

[6:43] The holy place is considered a type of the church. 1 Corinthians 3, verse 16. The manna that came from heaven in the wilderness was a type of that spiritual bread who came down from heaven to nourish humanity.

[6:59] Christ again. John 6, 31 through 32. We see the golden candlestick represents Christ. Exodus 25, 31 and John 8, verse 12.

[7:13] The mercy seat represents Christ. Exodus 25, 17 through 22. Romans 3, 25. And Hebrews 4, verse 16. The ark of Noah represents Christ.

[7:27] Genesis 7, verse 16. 1 Peter 3, verses 20 through 21. Another kind of type are the sacrifices. We see the burnt offering represents Christ's offering of himself as the perfect sacrifice in Ephesians 5, verse 2.

[7:46] The grain offering represents Christ's offering of himself as the perfect sacrifice of the highest quality. The peace offering represents Christ's offering of himself as the basis for fellowship with God.

[8:00] Colossians 1, verse 20. Ephesians 2, 14. The sin offering represents Christ's death for the sinner that takes care of the root of sin.

[8:11] Leviticus 5, 13. Hebrews 13, 11 through 12. Then we have the trespass offering, which represents Christ's death that atones for the injury of sin.

[8:24] Isaiah 53, verse 10. Then we have the scapegoat, another representation of Christ as the substitute who takes sin away. Leviticus 16, 20 through 22.

[8:38] Isaiah 53, verse 6. Another kind of type is the feasts. Passover represents Christ's redemption. 1 Corinthians 5, verse 7.

[8:50] The feast of unleavened bread represents the believers' holy walk. 1 Corinthians 5, 7 through 8. The feast of firstfruits represents Christ's resurrection as a pledge of the resurrection of all.

[9:05] 1 Corinthians 15, 20 through 23. And then we have the feast of Pentecost, which represents the Holy Spirit's coming. Acts 2, 1 through 4.

[9:17] And the feast of trumpets represents Israel's regathering, the day of the Lord. Matthew 24, verse 31. And also the day of atonement represents Israel's national conversion by the shed blood of Christ in Zechariah 12, verse 10.

[9:35] Then we have the feast of tabernacles, which represents God's provisions for man's need. Israel in the kingdom, a future time, when God will again tabernacle with us when Christ appears and renews all things.

[9:51] John 7, 37 through 39. Looking now in this next part of our study, we're going to turn our attention to the tabernacle specifically and look at that in a bit more detail as we walk through the tabernacle and talk about the different aspects of it and the significance of them.

[10:14] The tabernacle was a sacred tent where God's presence dwelt among Israel as they journeyed through the desert from Egypt to their promised land.

[10:24] As a tent, unlike their future temple, it was portable and could be moved from spot to spot as Israel travelled. The details and the order of the tabernacle are recorded in Exodus chapters 25 to 40.

[10:43] The tabernacle is variously called a figure, Hebrews 9, verse 9, a pattern, Hebrews 9, 23, and a shadow, Hebrews 10, verse 1, Hebrews 8, verse 5.

[10:57] The New Testament calls the tabernacle a figure, an illustration, a shadow, of those good things to come, really the good news concerning the Lord Jesus and salvation in him.

[11:11] Hebrews 9, verse 9 and 11, Colossians 2, verse 17. Basically this structure was a rectangle that was 150 foot long and 75 foot wide.

[11:24] We read of that in Exodus 27, verses 9 through 15. The tabernacle was at the centre of the camp of the Israelites.

[11:36] This was a huge gathering of over 2 million people. The tabernacle has a lot of hidden meanings in its components. It represents a lot of spiritual truth about our communion with God.

[11:49] Some estimate that the tabernacle cost at least 2 million dollars. It was built by the offerings of the people. Everyone got together and contributed to that.

[12:00] Exodus 35, verse 5. As we look at the tabernacle, we see the wall. The tabernacle was enclosed by a white wall made out of fine twined linen.

[12:12] The wall enclosed the courtyard and the sanctuary. This wall was made out of fine twined linen. It can represent how God is pure. The righteousness of God. Exodus 27, verse 9.

[12:26] Man is impure and sinful. The wall formed a barrier to God's presence. God was on the inside and man on the outside. Our access to God is limited.

[12:37] There's a barrier to God's presence. Our Lord taught that there is a barrier between man and God. Our Lord says, Ye shall die in your sins. Whither I go, ye cannot come.

[12:49] John 8, verse 21. God is pure and holy and man is impure and sinful. So the wall of the tabernacle had a structure made from wood.

[13:01] They used wood called shittim wood on the outside. This wood was from a tree that grew in the desert and was generally gnarled and twisted. So it was not beautiful to look at.

[13:12] We could compare that with Isaiah 53, 2, which tells of our Lord that he had no beauty that we should desire him. The boards were made out of wood overlaid with gold.

[13:23] They picture the twofold nature of Christ. Our Lord was true God and true man. The two materials were united. So too with Christ.

[13:34] He was fully God and fully man. God manifest in the flesh. Now you couldn't climb over this wall. It was too high. You had to go through the door.

[13:47] So next consider the door. The wall was not meant to keep people away from God but to show that there is one way for us to approach God. There was only one door.

[13:58] This door, this gate, hung on four pillars forming three equal openings to the one door. Exodus 27, verse 16. The gate admitted the sinner with the sacrifice representing salvation.

[14:13] And the four pillars of the gate could remind us of the four gospels of our Lord that present him as the one saviour for the four corners of the world. This one gate was made of different layers from cloth of four colours.

[14:28] White, blue, scarlet red and purple. The four colours remind us of the character of Christ. The white linen tells us he's the sinless one.

[14:40] We see the total righteousness of Christ, his spotless humanity. The heavenly blue shows that he is God's only son. We see the deity of Christ. The scarlet red says that Christ died for our sins.

[14:55] He was slain. As the redemptive work of Christ, his sacrifice, his suffering. The purple says that he as king shall reign.

[15:06] It pictures the kingship of Christ and his royalty. It's interesting, in the book of Exodus these colours are repeated 24 times. The design of the tabernacle included various different colours and they all represent something.

[15:23] Gold represents deity, silver represents redemption, brass represents judgement, blue represents heaven, purple represents royalty and scarlet represents sacrifice and the fine linen represents righteousness.

[15:42] You could liken these colours to how the four Gospels give different views of Christ. For example, the gold representing Christ's deity is shown in the Gospel of John.

[15:54] The purple, the purple, which represents his royalty or the kingship of Christ, we see in the Gospel of Matthew. The scarlet in the Gospel of Mark representing Christ as the Saviour.

[16:09] And then there's the white representing man in the Gospel of Luke, which talks of the Son of Man. So the door of the tabernacle was 35 foot wide.

[16:22] The material was very fine. Yet all could pass through, showing that minimal faith was needed to enter in. Weak people could push through these layers of the gate, this door, this fabric door.

[16:37] They could push the material aside to enter in. It wasn't a door that was hard to get through. Once you were through the door, inside of the tabernacle, it represented imputed righteousness.

[16:49] Though a wall keeps out, a door lets in. And our Lord says, I am the door. By me, if any man enter in, he shall be saved, and shall go in and out and find pasture.

[17:05] Jesus saith unto him, I am the way, the truth, and the life. No man cometh unto the Father, but by me. That was John 10 verse 9 and John 14 verse 6.

[17:18] Now, around the gate of the court, there were four pillars. Some consider that this might represent Christ in his fourfold way as being the son of David, the son of Abraham, the son of man, and the son of God.

[17:34] The five pillars of the door of the tabernacle, some consider, could represent how Christ is called Wonderful, Counselor, the Mighty God, the Everlasting Father, and the Prince of Peace.

[17:48] The roof of the tabernacle had four layers. Exodus 26 verses 1 through 14. There were four kinds of coverings.

[17:59] The goat's hair represents atonement or sinlessness. The ram's wool, dyed red, represents redemption. The badger skin represents humanity, the outward appearance of Christ.

[18:12] So from the outside, the tabernacle had a dull outer covering. It looked ordinary and unattractive, the same as with Christ, Isaiah 53 verses 1 through 3.

[18:24] The inner layer was fine linen, representative of righteousness. We see in the word of God that goats picture for us that twofold significance that God wants to forgive and forget as signified by the scapegoat in Leviticus 16.

[18:41] There was also a cherubim embroidered covering in Exodus 26 verses 1 through 6. The cherubim remind us perhaps of two things.

[18:54] The cherubim were placed east of Eden to prevent Adam and Eve from returning to partake of the tree of life. The cherubim are also in heaven among those who bow the knee to acknowledge the lordship of Christ.

[19:07] As you go through into the tabernacle, there were seven different components inside, seven furnishings, seven pieces of furniture.

[19:18] The first thing that the worshipper would come to is the altar of sacrifice or the brazen altar. We see the brazen altar in Exodus 27 verses 1 through 8.

[19:29] So this altar of sacrifice was made from acacia wood covered with brass or copper at the time. Wood is a biblical figure of man. We see that in Psalm 1 verses 1 and 3.

[19:42] Also because wood grows out of the earth because Adam was made by God from the dust of the earth. Wood represents humanity. Acacia wood is a strong, high quality wood signifying the best humanity of our Lord.

[19:59] And this wood was overlaid with bronze. Bronze in the Bible speaking of God's judgment. So this burnt offering altar, this brazen altar, reminds us that man is under God's judgment for our rebellion against him.

[20:14] A lamb was burnt at this altar every morning and every evening in Exodus 29 verses 38 through 42. The brazen altar was a perfect square with horns on each of the four corners.

[20:31] It was where the blood sacrifices of clean lambs and goats would be offered in the heat of fire unto God for atonement. So for the covering and forgiveness of sins, that's Exodus 27, 1 through 8 and Leviticus 17 verse 11.

[20:47] The wood represents of Jesus our Lord bearing the judgment of God for us on the cross. The brazen altar speaks of the sinner's deliverance from the guilt of sin by the sacrifice of Christ on the cross.

[21:01] The atonement for sin. Leviticus 17 verse 11. Notice that since the brazen altar was first, it tells of our justification, that judgment on sin and the forgiveness that must come first in one's approach to God.

[21:15] Noah gave God first place by building an altar after he came out of the ark. Genesis 8 verse 20. Abram built an altar before he pitched his tent in Genesis chapter 12.

[21:28] Joshua built an altar following the conquest of Ai in Joshua 8 verse 30. It shows the importance of recognizing God and our need of him first and foremost.

[21:42] The Lord Jesus on the cross sacrificed his sinless blood on behalf of the sinner. Christ died for our sins. And behold the Lamb of God which taketh away the sin of the world.

[21:55] 1 Corinthians 15 verse 3 John 1 29. Our Lord Jesus was resurrected as the High Priest. When people receive the Lord Jesus by faith, they are taking their place as a sinner under judgment and trusting Christ alone as their Saviour before God.

[22:15] The equal four sides of the altar remind us that the Gospel of Christ is non-discriminatory for God so loved the world north, south, east and west that he gave his only begotten Son that whosoever believeth in him should not perish but have everlasting life.

[22:34] John 3 16. The four horns speak of power. The blood of Jesus Christ has the power to forgive all sin. 1 John 1 7 and verse 9 The brazen altar stood at the entrance of the court.

[22:52] No person could receive forgiveness unless he came to the altar with a sacrifice. You had to have a substitute for your sins and it's the same for us that Christ is our substitute.

[23:05] Next we see the brazen laver which was the laver of washing Exodus 30 verses 17 through 21 The second item we come to was the washing basin for the priests called the laver.

[23:20] It's alike to the modern word lavatory which speaks of a place of washing. The laver was filled with water and was situated outside the tabernacle. The laver came after the altar of sacrifice and before the entrance to the sanctuary.

[23:35] It was made of polished copper. Its purpose was to wash. The priests had to daily wash their hands and feet from dirt and contamination before they worshipped God at the altar or entered the sanctuary to serve.

[23:52] Prior to entering the tabernacle the priest washed his hands representing the confession of sin. The laver revealed and removed uncleanness. It speaks of the cleansing of sin.

[24:04] Numbers 8 verses 6 through 7. Brass represents sin judged on the cross. Water represents cleansing. So we could think how before we can have fellowship with God we have to confess our sins.

[24:18] It pictures the believers need for a daily cleansing from the defilement of sin. One had to be clean to serve. God is not only interested in the forgiveness of our sin but also our daily cleanliness in living for him.

[24:32] It speaks of sanctification. In other words setting ourselves apart unto God that daily cleansing from the defilement of sin. The Bible tells about the washing of water by the word.

[24:44] As the Christian daily learns God's word the Bible he or she has cleansed from wrong thinking and ways so his service is acceptable to God. God shows our sin to us he reveals our sin to us as well as he gives us cleansing from our sin and we can bring our confession to God and we washed at the laver set apart to God and sanctified.

[25:35] Next we'll go to the golden lamp stand or the golden candlestick. So the golden candlestick is talked about in Exodus 25 verses 31 through 40.

[25:46] On the south side of the holy place stood the pure golden lamp stand. The gold was beaten into the shape of an almond tree in the full bloom of life by beating or hammering.

[25:58] It had six fruitful branches with a central shaft or trunk. They were designed to hold seven bowls filled with olive oil to provide light. There was no light at all in the holy place except that which came from the golden lamp stand.

[26:13] The light was continual and was never to go out. The golden lamp stand is a picture of spiritual illumination of Christ being the light of the world.

[26:24] The Lord Jesus says I am the light of the world. John 8 verse 12 John 9 verse 5 As the lamp stand brings light into the holy place we see that Christ brings us light.

[26:37] The word declares how we should walk in the light. The lamp stand or menorah was made out of gold. It was beaten or hammered. Likewise Christ was beaten for us.

[26:48] the beaten gold speaks of Christ's suffering for us. The church of the Lord Jesus is also pictured as a lamp stand through which his spirit and word reveal the gospel truth and the glory of God.

[27:02] Revelation 1 verse 20 Revelation 2 verse 5 The table of showbread is next in Exodus 25 verses 23 through 30.

[27:14] The table of showbread was directly opposite the lamp stand on the north side. Twelve loaves of bread were set on it once a week representing the twelve tribes.

[27:25] During the week the bread was to be displayed before God. On the Sabbath the priests were to eat it. Thus God and man shared the same table together in fellowship of the same bread.

[27:38] The showbread literally means bread of the face or bread of the presence. So it was the place of God's presence as people had fellowship with him. Christ calls himself the living bread.

[27:50] John 6 51 We could think how a table is a place where friends fellowship while eating. We read of the Lord's table in the New Testament where the Christian breaks the bread and eats it in the fellowship of the body of Christ.

[28:05] 1 Corinthians 10 verses 16 through 21 Christ is God's provision for all of our spiritual needs. Next we come to the golden altar of incense in Exodus 30 verses 1 through 10.

[28:19] The third and last piece of furniture in the holy place was the altar of incense with its four horns. This stood by the veil which separated the holy place from the holiest of holies.

[28:30] This altar was for one purpose only to burn incense not sacrifice. The incense was a special God-prescribed formula which sent out a rich fragrant smoke when the priest lit it at morning and evening.

[28:45] Incense pictures for us access to God through prayer. It symbolises prayers to God in Psalm 141 verse 2 Revelation 5 verse 8 and Revelation 8 verse 3 When someone prays in the name of God's priest the Lord Jesus there is power and it is a pleasing aroma to God.

[29:06] John 14 verse 13 The golden incense altar also had a golden crown around the top of it so we could picture that as maybe representing our Lord crowned with glory and honour in Hebrews 2 verse 9 The priest would go to the brazen altar, pick up coals, pass through the holy place and place the coals into the crown.

[29:29] Then he sprinkled the incense onto the coals and the fumes came up from the incense representing prayer to God. The taking of coals from the brazen altar shows that the basis for effective prayer is the death of Christ.

[29:44] The unbeliever cannot pray effectively except for accepting Christ as Saviour. The only person who could obtain the coals was a priest representing a believer.

[29:57] Next we'll come into the holiest of holies. This was the second sanctuary which had two pieces of furniture. The holiest place of all contained the ark of the covenant covered with a special lid called the mercy seat.

[30:12] This was where God's presence resided and where he communed or talked with Moses. Exodus 25 verse 22. Now to enter this place you had to go through the veil.

[30:24] Exodus 26 verses 31 through 34. The veil or the curtain was between the holy place and the holy of holies. it blocked the way so others could not enter in.

[30:37] It represents man's separation from God and his holy presence. It's interesting to reflect that the minute the Lord Jesus died on the cross the veil then in the temple was split in two showing that the way was now made open for all to come into fellowship and communion with God.

[30:57] Matthew 27 verse 51 Hebrews 9 7 through 8 Hebrews 10 19 through 21 The veil is likened to the flesh of Christ Hebrews 10 19 through 20 So it's speaking of his humanity.

[31:14] When the veil was rent in the temple it was representative of the finished work of the cross. The veil of the temple was torn from top to bottom. So it was not the work of man it was the work of God.

[31:28] God was satisfied when Christ cried out in victory it is finished. God tore the veil from top to bottom. It was a miracle from God. The rabbis described how the veil was so firmly woven that two teams of oxen pulling in opposite directions could not tear it apart.

[31:47] The veil of the temple was torn apart at the hour of the evening sacrifice. That was three o'clock in the afternoon. At that very moment when Christ our Passover was sacrificed for our sin.

[32:01] As we go into the tabernacle Holy of Holies the first thing we notice is the Ark. The Ark of the Covenant and the Mercy Seat were there. Exodus 25 verses 10 through 22.

[32:15] The Ark was a box, a chest made out of wood covered with gold. And on the top of the Ark was a crown border like on the table and the incense altar.

[32:26] It represented access to God, his covenant of Exodus 19 verses 4 through 6. Now we have access to God through Jesus Christ, Hebrews 4 verses 15 through 16.

[32:41] There's actually three Arks mentioned in the Bible. The Ark of Noah, of course. Also there's the Ark of Moses. This was the basket in which he was placed into the Nile.

[32:52] And there's this one, the third Ark. It's the Ark of the Covenant. With the Ark of Noah we see God shut him in and they were kept safe. With the Ark of Moses, likewise Moses was under judgment and facing death, but Moses was safe and secure by the application of blood in tight form.

[33:11] And then the Ark of the Covenant is here, this Ark. The Ark in the Tabernacle was provided as a place of safety from judgment too. So the Ark contained the law of God which demanded death for every sinner.

[33:26] But over this Ark was the mercy seat covered with blood. So the Ark became a place for safety from judgment again, through redemption in Christ.

[33:38] The Ark rested in the holiest place where the presence of God dwelt. The Ark was wooden, covered with gold inside and outside, gold speaks of deity.

[33:50] It pictures the Godhead of Christ, that Christ is God. The incorruptible wood speaks of how he was perfect man. The chest contained the two tablets of the Ten Commandments, God's standard of righteousness, a golden pot of manna, God's provision to sustain his people in life, and Aaron's rod that budded with life, God's choice as high priest to be our continual mediator and intercessor.

[34:18] Psalm 40 verses 6 through 10, John 6 51, Hebrews 4 14. You could consider also that these three objects represented sin, the tablets of the law, the Ten Commandments, the pot of manna showing the rejection of provision when the people complained about the manna, and Aaron's rod that budded showing the rejection of authority.

[34:42] Over the mercy seat were two golden cherubs which covered the mercy seat with their wings and looked down on the top of the mercy seat.

[34:53] So the mercy seat was the cover of the ark. The mercy seat speaks of acceptable atonement, Leviticus 16, 15 through 17. It was solid gold beaten into winged cherubim, one at each end, looking down where God's presence was.

[35:11] Cherubim are involved with the protection of God's holiness. And it was here at the mercy seat that once a year the high priest alone went in with sacrificial blood from the brazen altar to sprinkle it on the mercy seat to obtain forgiveness of sins for Israel.

[35:31] The mercy seat tells us that there is mercy with God. The sacrifice of Christ is God's mercy seat. We have propitiation for sin, through the blood of Jesus Christ our Lord.

[35:44] Romans 3 verse 25 We read neither by the blood of goats and calves but by his own blood. He, the Lord Jesus, entered in once into the holy place, heaven, having obtained eternal redemption for us, all believers.

[36:03] Jesus. That's Hebrews 9 verse 12. Christ fulfills all of these signs. He fulfilled the law, he's fulfilled the manner, and he's fulfilled the priesthood of Aaron.

[36:17] Consider that inside the ark were the ten commandments. God's requirement to be acceptable to him. Leviticus 19 verse 2, Matthew 5 48. The Lord Jesus fulfilled God's requirements.

[36:29] Hebrews 7, 26-27 And he took our curse upon himself Galatians 3, 13-14 Christ was born under the law and circumcised He kept the law perfectly and he fulfilled the law He did everything that the law required He met all the requirements of the law The ark also contained the golden pot that held the manna Hebrews 9, verse 4 God sent the manna down to feed the children of Israel on their way to the promised land Christ is the fulfilment of that He says, I am that bread of life John 6, 32, verses 48-51 God is the provider of our spiritual food The golden pot for the manna being gold speaks of his deity It was round, indicating eternal, eternity We have eternal life And it was hidden, our life is hidden with Christ in God Colossians 3, verse 3 Aaron's rod that budded is talked about in Numbers

[37:33] At that time the people revolted against Moses and Aaron And the Lord commanded that the rods be placed in the tabernacle And the rod that blossomed would show God's appointment of the priest It was Aaron's rod that blossomed And so it showed that Aaron's authority was the rightful authority Likewise, we could reflect that the Lord Jesus is God's chosen high priest for us Hebrews 4, verse 14 Hebrews 5, verse 10 Chapter 7, 26 Chapter 8, verse 6 And chapter 9, verses 11 through 12 We could consider also that the budding of the rod represents Christ as the resurrection and the life The mercy seat was the covering of the ark Exodus 25, 17 through 21 Hebrews 9, verse 12 The mercy seat was made out of beaten gold This picture is again The Lord Jesus who suffered

[38:33] He was beaten with many stripes Shedding his blood So that we could be reconciled to God The mercy seat shows us how we can have mercy with God Romans 3, verse 25 could literally be translated Whom God hath set forth as a mercy seat through faith in his blood The meaning of the word propitiation The ark gives us a full portrait of Christ His humanity in the wood His deity, the gold His incarnation The wood with gold overlay And his atonement The sprinkled blood His resurrection In the budded rod And his ascension and glorification In the crown Also, obedience and holiness In the tables The tablets And his wilderness provision In the manna His vindication Of God's throne The cherubim And now appearing for us The cloud of glory Let's take a look further Also at the high priest now

[39:35] And his garments Aaron was the first high priest On the day of atonement He would enter into the tabernacle Into the holy of holies On behalf of God's people For forgiveness of their sins Christ is our great high priest And he represents us in heaven A priest served as a representative As an advocate As a confessor Which is Christ for us We confess our sins to him And he's also our intercessor Aaron as the high priest Wore special holy garments We see for example The coat of fine woven linen Exodus 39 verse 27 Was one of those garments It could represent Christ And his essential character Of holiness and purity Linen also pictures for us The righteousness of the saints Revelation 19 verse 8 The word of God Tells us also Of the robe of righteousness As part of his garments

[40:35] The high priest wore An ephod The shoulder pieces The breastplate And girdle These were all fastened together To make the one garment A robe speaks of position Office And character Let's take a look at Those parts of his garment The uppermost holy garment Was the ephod It was an apron like Sleeveless tunic Exodus 28 Verses 6 through 14 Verses 31 through 35 It was composed of two pieces A front and a back It had the colours Purple Scarlet And white Again These colours All have significance As we've talked about Earlier We see the breastplate Talked about in Exodus 28 Verses 15 through 30 The priest had a special Covering upon his chest With precious stones Of all different kinds Of colours Various different kinds Of jewels And the stones Represented the twelve tribes Malachi 3 verse 17

[41:35] Tells us of how God will make up His jewels Speaking of his people God's saved people Are like jewels Bought with a price We are Christ's Purchased possession In God's sight We are all precious And we're all different The twelve stones Were all necessary Just as in the church There's different gifts And different abilities A variety of spiritual gifts Within the body of Christ Next we see the girdle Exodus 39 verse 29 The priest had a girdle Which was a belt Of fine twined linen A girdle speaks also Of the idea of service In Luke chapter 17 It says Gird thyself And serve me The high priest Also had shoulder stones We read In Exodus 28 Verses 9 through 12 These were a special Stone on each Of his shoulders Six names were written

[42:35] On each stone So every time The high priest Went before God At the golden incense altar The names of all The people of God Were upon his shoulders So too Christ in heaven Intercedes before the Father For us today The word tells us Of how Christ finds The sheep That is lost And lays him On his shoulder Luke chapter 15 Verses 5 through 7 The Lord Jesus Will carry us On his shoulders As a shepherd It speaks also Of his strength One day the government Will be upon his shoulders The high priest Also wore a golden plate We read In Exodus 28 Verses 36 through 38 This was another item The priest wore Like a crown This golden plate Was made out Of pure gold It was inscribed With the wording Holiness To the Lord Again we see this As speaking of Christ Who is our righteousness The golden plate

[43:36] Was tied to the mitre By a blue ribbon And was positioned Over the forehead Of the priest Immediately in front Of the thinking part Of the brain The priest also Wore the mitre Exodus 28 Verse 39 The mitre Was a turban On his head The word mitre Means to wrap Or roll around It could represent Authority As the Bible Talks about man's head As being an authority Christ is the head Of the man And so we could consider It reflecting Our submission Unto him The Bible tells How the priest Had a particular Service of consecration In Leviticus 8 Verse 6 And when the priest Were sanctified Or consecrated They had special Procedures to follow Moses brought Aaron And his sons And he washed them With water Water pictures for us In the New Testament The washing of the water Of the word of God As we apply the word To our lives When they consecrated

[44:37] The priest They would apply Oil upon them And consecrate them By applying the blood The oil we could Consider reflective Of the Holy Spirit The blood Speaking of The blessing of Christ The blood was applied To the tip Of their right ear The thumb Of their right hand And the toe Of their right foot It symbolically shows How we should be Consecrated The hearing The service And the walk Of the priest The high priest Also had The Urim and Thummim Which were used In discerning God's will They are mentioned In Exodus 28 Verse 30 It was a way Of getting guidance Or wisdom Of course for us today Christ is the wisdom Of God Urim means light Thummim means perfection It appears that These objects Were placed inside A pouch In the breastplate Of the high priest It's not known What exactly they were Some suggest They could have been White and black stones Used in voting

[45:38] For yes or no We know that For us today Of course that God's will is found Through the word of God We've got the complete Canon of scripture Now to get guidance To know God's will We don't go to stones Or such means Because we've got The word of God The word of God Guides us now Another feature Of the tabernacle Was the pillar Of cloud The glory cloud This pillar of cloud Is referred to In Numbers 9 Verse 17 It was above The mercy seat It was a sign Of God's presence Exodus 25 Verse 22 This pillar of cloud Represented the presence Of the Lord In the midst Of his own people And the cloud Directed the people Of God Through their travelling In the wilderness Exodus 13 21 through 22 Now of course For the believer Our direction God's guidance Comes from The Holy Spirit We have the Holy Spirit To guide us And lead us

[46:39]  In accord with his word I know it's been Quite an exhaustive Session here Going through All these multiplied Types And the meanings Of them There are many more Types we could talk about We've only really Scratched the surface Of some of the essentials Today There are different Schools of thought About what some Of the items That we've talked About actually mean But the general Gist of it Is that Christ Is pictured And his work And we can take Heart in that That really in Christ There is that Absolute fulfilment Of all that the Old Covenant Had hidden Is now being Revealed in Christ And all of the Meaning of His redemption That we can know Today As saved people I'm sure you can Be enriched As you further Study the word Of God As you uncover Some of these Hidden meanings That are in the Old Covenant And are revealed In the new Four종종종종종종종종종종종종종종종종종종종종종종종종종종종종종종종종종종종종종종종종종종종종종종종종종종종종종종종종종종종종종종종종종종종종종종종종종종종종종종종종종종종종종종종종종종종종종종종종종종종종종종종종종종종종종종종종종종종종종종종종종종종종종종종종종종종종종종종종종종종종종종종종종종종종종종종종종종종종종종종종종종종종종종종종종종종종종종종종종종종종종종종종종종종종종종종종종종종종종종종종종종종종종종종종종종종종종종종종종종종종