WEBVTT

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 We're in Matthew chapter 16.

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 Let me pray for the reading and preaching of God's word.

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! Let me pray for the reading and preaching of God's word.

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! Heavenly Father, I come to this pulpit this morning with a gaping hole, a gaping hole, a sense of impotence.

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 Because I realize that unless you open the eyes of the blind, unless you illuminate the eyes of people's hearts, they cannot see you in your glory.

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 So Lord, I plead that we begin with prayer.

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 That you would, by your Holy Spirit, open the eyes of our hearts to behold the glory and the grace of Jesus Christ, your Son.

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 Fill us with faith and hope and love as we cling to your word.

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 Speak to us from your word as you always do.

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 They might be built up as the people of God.

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 The invincible church of Christ, against which the gates of Hades cannot prevail.

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 In Jesus' name we pray. Amen.

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 Please stand if we are able to honor God together as we read from his word.

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 Matthew chapter 16, verses 1 to 20.

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 And the Pharisees and Sadducees came, and to test him, they asked him to show them a sign from heaven.

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 He answered them,

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 When it is evening, you say, it will be fair weather, for the sky is red.

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 And in the morning, it will be stormy today, for the sky is red and threatening.

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 You know how to interpret the appearance of the sky, but you cannot interpret the signs of the times.

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 An evil and adulterous generation seeks for a sign, but no sign will be given to it except the sign of Jonah.

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 So he left them and departed.

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 When the disciples reached the other side, they had forgotten to bring any bread.

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 Jesus said to them,

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 Watch and beware of the leaven of the Pharisees and Sadducees.

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 And they began discussing it among themselves, saying,

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 We brought no bread.

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 But Jesus, aware of this, said,

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 Oh, you of little faith,

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 Why are you discussing among yourselves the fact that you have no bread?

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 Do you not yet perceive?

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 Do you not remember the five loaves for the 5,000 and how many baskets you gathered?

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 Or the seven loaves for the 4,000 and how many baskets you gathered?

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 How is it that you failed to understand that I did not speak about bread?

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 Beware of the leaven of the Pharisees and Sadducees.

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 Then they understood that he did not tell them to beware of the leaven of bread,

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 but of the teaching of the Pharisees and Sadducees.

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 Now, when Jesus came into the district of Caesarea Philippi,

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 he asked his disciples,

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 Who do people say that the Son of Man is?

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 And they said,

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 Some say John the Baptist,

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 Others say Elijah,

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 And others Jeremiah or one of the prophets.

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 He said to them,

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 But who do you say that I am?

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 Simon Peter replied,

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 You are the Christ,

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 the Son of the living God.

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 And Jesus answered him,

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 Blessed are you, Simon Bar-Jonah,

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 for flesh and blood has not revealed this to you,

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 but my Father who is in heaven.

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 And I tell you,

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 you are Peter,

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 and on this rock I will build my church,

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 and the gates of hell shall not prevail against it.

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 I will give you the keys of the kingdom of heaven,

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 and whatever you bind on earth shall be bound in heaven,

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 and whatever you lose on earth shall be loosed in heaven.

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 Then he strictly charged the disciples,

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 tell no one that he was the Christ.

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 This is God's holy and authoritative word.

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 Please be seated.

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 Throughout the Gospels of Matthew, Mark, Luke, and John,

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 Jesus asks many questions.

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 In fact, he asks over 300 questions

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 throughout the course of the Gospels.

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 Far more frequently than the times that other people ask him questions.

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 This was Jesus' way of engaging people

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 and of teaching people,

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 of asking thought-provoking questions

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 and challenging their assumptions

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 and shedding light and exposing people's hearts

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 and revealing the eternal truths of God.

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 But of all the questions that Jesus asked,

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 the one that he asks in this passage,

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 Matthew 16, 15,

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 is the most significant one.

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 Who do you say that I am?

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 Life or death?

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 Heaven or hell?

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 Our eternal destiny hangs on,

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 in the balance of the way we respond to that one question.

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 Jesus has been called many things

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 throughout the Gospel of Matthew.

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 People have addressed him

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 with the Messianic title of Son of David.

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 The demons have called out,

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 saying, Son of God.

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 Even the disciples themselves,

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 in days' confusion,

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 after seeing Jesus walk on the water,

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 have declared,

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 you are truly the Son of God.

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 And here in this passage,

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 once and for all,

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 Jesus settles all the questions,

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 all the debate,

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 and declares who he is.

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 Who is Jesus?

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 And his answer is this,

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 he is the Son of the immortal God

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 who builds his invincible church.

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 Jesus is the Son of the immortal God

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 who builds his invincible church.

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 And we're going to first talk about

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 how Jesus warns us,

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 beware of the leaven of the false teaching

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 of the Pharisees and the Sadducees.

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 And secondly,

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 we're going to talk about

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 how we ought to share the bread of life,

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 which is Jesus Christ.

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 After a powerful ministry among the Gentiles,

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 at the end of chapter 15,

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 Jesus crossed back over

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 to the Jewish territory of Magadan.

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 And then immediately,

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 he is met with skeptical Jewish leaders,

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 the antagonistic Sadducees and the Pharisees.

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 He says that they came,

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 and to test him,

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 they asked him to show them a sign from heaven.

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 The Pharisees and the Sadducees

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 were the two dominant ideological groups

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 in the first century Judaism.

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 They together made up the Sanhedrin,

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 which is the highest ruling body

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 in the Jewish community.

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 It's the highest ruling religious body

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 and political body as well.

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 And the Sanhedrin was in cahoots with the Romans.

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 They argue,

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 the Sadducees in particular,

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 argue that there's no resurrection,

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 nor angel, nor spirit,

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 while the Pharisees believed in all those things.

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 So the Sadducees and Pharisees,

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 actually on many counts,

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 were at odds with each other.

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 The Pharisees were like the religious conservatives,

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 the constitutional originalists,

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 who wanted the people to return to the Bible.

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 The Sadducees were kind of the liberals of their day.

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 However, in this instance,

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 these two rival factions

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 make common cause

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 to oppose a single foe in Jesus Christ.

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 So it's not good news

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 that the Pharisees and the Sadducees

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 have joined up here to test Jesus.

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 We know that they're not trying to

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 ask a sincere question.

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 They're trying to trip him up

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 because that's the way the word test is used

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 whenever the Jewish leaders come to test him.

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 This is a bipartisan inquisition

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 into Jesus' teaching and ministry.

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 And they demand from him

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 that Jesus show them a sign from heaven.

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 If this were the first time

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 that these Jewish leaders encountered Jesus

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 or heard of Jesus,

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 maybe we'll think that that's a genuine request.

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 But the request rings hollow

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 in light of what we've observed so far

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 in the previous two chapters.

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 In Matthew 14, 9,

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 Jesus specifically looks up to heaven, he says,

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 and then prays over the five loaves of bread.

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 And then he goes on to feed 5,000 men

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 besides women and children on top of that

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 with that five loaves of bread.

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 Is that not a sign from heaven?

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 And then in Matthew 15,

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 Jesus repeats that miracle among the Gentiles.

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 The 4,000 Gentiles.

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 And then sandwiched between

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 those two multiplication miracles

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 are two summary statements

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 of Jesus' ministry among the Jews first

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 and then Jesus' ministry among the Gentiles,

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 both of which tell us that

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 they brought all kinds of sick and ill

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 and demonized people.

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 And at the touch of his hand,

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 they were all healed.

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 People came and they wanted to just touch

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 the fringe of Jesus' garment

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 knowing that they would be healed.

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 And they were.

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 And in the summary of Jesus' ministry

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 among the Gentiles in Matthew 15,

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 he says that the mute speak,

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 the crippled are healthy,

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 the lame walk in the blind see.

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 Are these not signs from heaven?

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 And yet Pharisees and Sadducees

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 ask for another sign.

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 And Jesus perceptively and rightly refuses.

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 The scribes and the Pharisees

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 in previous chapters had asked for a sign also.

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 And Jesus responded to them

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 in a very similar way.

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 Here there's a little bit of a meteorological,

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 a metaphor here.

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 When it is evening, you say,

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 it will be fair weather,

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 for the sky is red.

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 And in the morning, it will be stormy today,

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 for the sky is red and threatening.

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 You know how to interpret the appearance of the sky,

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 but you cannot interpret the signs of the times.

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 There's a rhyme that ancient mariners used often.

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 It goes like this.

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 Red sky at night, sailors delight.

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 Red sky at morning, sailors warning.

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 I am, I'm a no, I'm no weather scientist,

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 but I know how to search for things on Google.

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 And when the air is highly, highly pressured,

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 and it traps dust and particles,

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 and that filters apparently,

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 that filters out blue light,

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 so that all you see is the red and the orange hues

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 of a red sky.

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 And that kind of high-pressured air apparently is good.

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 But it creates fair weather,

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 because as the dense, stable air sinks down,

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 it traps moisture.

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 It dissipates clouds.

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 It inhibits cloud formation.

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 And because weather systems,

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 and I just learned this,

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 that generally they move from west to east,

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 if a red sunset means that where the sun is setting,

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 in the west, there is good weather.

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 And because weather systems travel from west to east,

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 that means the weather,

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 good weather is coming toward you.

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 It's ahead.

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 However, if you,

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 if you, a red sunrise is what you see,

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 then that means where the sun is rising in the east

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 is already behind you.

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 It's past you.

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 That good weather system has passed you,

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 so that means there's likely bad weather coming.

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 It's interesting that the same red sky,

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 depending on your orientation toward it,

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 which direction you are facing it,

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 could mean fair weather or foul weather.

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 Likewise, it is your orientation toward Jesus Christ,

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 the Son of God,

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 whether you come to Him in faith or unbelief,

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 that determines whether you have peace with God or wrath.

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 You face the wrath of God.

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 As it says in Matthew 3, 11 to 12,

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 those who turn to Jesus in faith

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 are baptized with the Holy Spirit and fire.

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 That represents God's gracious, powerful presence

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 indwelling His people,

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 the Holy Spirit and fire.

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 But those who reject Jesus, it says,

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 will be burned with unquenchable fire.

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 It's the same fire of God,

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 but it could mean God's gracious presence with His people

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 or the fiery wrath,

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 unquenchable flames of judgment.

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 These Pharisees and Sadducees knew how to interpret the appearance of the sky,

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 but they could not interpret the signs of the times.

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 They didn't know how to interpret and understand

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 what Jesus was doing and who He was.

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 They did not understand that He was the Messiah,

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 the Christ,

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 the Son of the living God.

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 And that's the question that Jesus poses to us this morning.

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 Who do you say that I am?

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 Jesus says in verse 4,

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 an evil and adulterous generation seeks for a sign,

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 but no sign will be given to it except the sign of Jonah.

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 Jesus did, as I mentioned in the previous weeks,

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 perform signs sometimes to help people,

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 to prove His messianic identity.

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 And He did that for those who genuinely sought Him

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 and wanted to humbly put their trust in Him.

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 But He consistently refuses to indulge the testing of people

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 who question Him out of pride and unbelief

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 and evil and adulterous generation.

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 To such people, there is no sign that will suffice

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 because their questions do not stem from a heart of faith

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 that's seeking understanding,

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 but rather from an evil and adulterous heart.

00:13:30.799 --> 00:13:32.580
 So even though throughout the Gospels,

00:13:32.700 --> 00:13:34.779
 Jesus performs many spectacular miracles

00:13:34.779 --> 00:13:36.200
 that defy the laws of nature,

00:13:36.659 --> 00:13:38.779
 there are people who always stubbornly persist

00:13:38.779 --> 00:13:39.960
 in their unbelief.

00:13:41.759 --> 00:13:43.220
 And this is why, in this case,

00:13:43.220 --> 00:13:46.580
 Jesus refuses their demand for a sign.

00:13:47.240 --> 00:13:50.220
 Instead, Jesus points to a singular, decisive sign

00:13:50.220 --> 00:13:52.120
 that should be sufficient for all of us,

00:13:52.160 --> 00:13:53.500
 and that's the sign of Jonah

00:13:53.500 --> 00:13:55.200
 that Andrew preached on some weeks ago.

00:13:55.820 --> 00:13:57.300
 Matthew 12, 40-41,

00:13:57.460 --> 00:13:59.980
 For just as Jonah was three days and three nights

00:13:59.980 --> 00:14:01.120
 in the belly of the great fish,

00:14:01.340 --> 00:14:03.720
 so will the Son of Man be three days and three nights

00:14:03.720 --> 00:14:05.120
 in the heart of the earth.

00:14:05.540 --> 00:14:09.080
 The sign of Jonah is the death and resurrection of Jesus,

00:14:09.500 --> 00:14:12.379
 that Jesus died for the sins of His people,

00:14:12.720 --> 00:14:14.399
 He was buried in the heart of the earth,

00:14:14.399 --> 00:14:15.379
 and on the third day,

00:14:15.480 --> 00:14:17.779
 He was raised to new life for our justification.

00:14:17.779 --> 00:14:20.799
 That's the sign that God has provided,

00:14:21.559 --> 00:14:22.879
 and no more will be given.

00:14:23.980 --> 00:14:27.379
 That's the sign that you must reckon with and believe.

00:14:28.779 --> 00:14:29.759
 He says in verse 4,

00:14:29.839 --> 00:14:32.199
 So He left them and departed.

00:14:32.659 --> 00:14:35.360
 Because these Jewish leaders persist in their unbelief,

00:14:35.439 --> 00:14:39.139
 this is the end of Jesus' mission in Galilee.

00:14:39.139 --> 00:14:43.139
 Now He will resolutely set His direction toward Jerusalem

00:14:43.139 --> 00:14:45.360
 and toward His crucifixion and resurrection,

00:14:45.860 --> 00:14:49.039
 after which He will resume His ministry to the Galileans.

00:14:50.100 --> 00:14:51.480
 After their departure,

00:14:51.600 --> 00:14:53.139
 Jesus says to His disciples in verse 6,

00:14:53.600 --> 00:14:56.919
 Watch and beware of the leaven of the Pharisees and Sadducees.

00:14:58.399 --> 00:15:00.319
 They had just had a confrontation

00:15:00.319 --> 00:15:02.019
 with the Pharisees and the Sadducees,

00:15:02.139 --> 00:15:03.679
 and Jesus is clearly warning them

00:15:03.679 --> 00:15:05.980
 about them and their teaching,

00:15:06.700 --> 00:15:08.319
 as Matthew explains in verse 12.

00:15:08.320 --> 00:15:11.840
 But Jesus' disciples are kind of clueless at this moment.

00:15:12.760 --> 00:15:13.740
 They don't understand.

00:15:14.160 --> 00:15:17.120
 They had forgotten to pack bread for their journey.

00:15:18.220 --> 00:15:20.320
 And so they think Jesus is talking about that.

00:15:21.160 --> 00:15:24.879
 Oh, I think Jesus knows that we forgot bread.

00:15:27.660 --> 00:15:29.320
 We need to go get bread somewhere.

00:15:30.120 --> 00:15:31.040
 But He says,

00:15:31.320 --> 00:15:35.020
 Beware of the leaven of the Pharisees and the Sadducees.

00:15:35.700 --> 00:15:37.480
 I don't know, maybe they have a bakery somewhere.

00:15:37.480 --> 00:15:38.480
 Be careful.

00:15:38.720 --> 00:15:39.659
 Be careful.

00:15:39.860 --> 00:15:42.100
 Let's not make sure to get the wrong leavened bread.

00:15:44.700 --> 00:15:46.920
 Honestly, it's a little hard to see

00:15:46.920 --> 00:15:49.300
 how they could possibly misunderstand this.

00:15:50.980 --> 00:15:54.240
 And Jesus shares my disbelief in verse 11.

00:15:54.800 --> 00:15:57.279
 How is it that you fail to understand

00:15:57.279 --> 00:15:58.920
 that I did not speak about bread?

00:15:58.919 --> 00:16:02.819
 Beware of the leaven of the Pharisees and the Sadducees.

00:16:03.299 --> 00:16:06.559
 Both the word understand and the word bread

00:16:06.559 --> 00:16:09.360
 have been recurring themes in the preceding chapters.

00:16:09.799 --> 00:16:11.459
 The word understand, if you might recall,

00:16:11.559 --> 00:16:14.079
 if you're with us in the parables of the kingdom in chapter 13,

00:16:14.479 --> 00:16:15.519
 in the parables of the sower,

00:16:15.699 --> 00:16:17.519
 it contrasts the seeds that bear fruit

00:16:17.519 --> 00:16:19.059
 versus the seeds that do not bear fruit.

00:16:19.319 --> 00:16:20.519
 The seeds that do not bear fruit

00:16:20.519 --> 00:16:23.639
 are those who hear the word but do not understand.

00:16:23.639 --> 00:16:26.899
 But the seeds that bear fruit are those who hear the word

00:16:26.899 --> 00:16:30.819
 and understand and bear fruit up to a hundredfold.

00:16:31.620 --> 00:16:33.240
 Jesus twice says in this passage

00:16:33.240 --> 00:16:34.960
 that his disciples did not understand.

00:16:35.639 --> 00:16:38.259
 The word perceive in verse 9 is the same word,

00:16:38.340 --> 00:16:41.100
 just translated differently, understand, as in verse 11.

00:16:41.840 --> 00:16:43.139
 Do you not yet perceive?

00:16:43.139 --> 00:16:47.439
 Even the 12 disciples do not understand,

00:16:47.600 --> 00:16:50.279
 apart from Jesus' kind explanations,

00:16:50.879 --> 00:16:52.559
 but with some help from Jesus,

00:16:53.059 --> 00:16:55.179
 it says in verse 12 that they finally understood

00:16:55.179 --> 00:16:57.639
 that Jesus was not talking about bread,

00:16:58.000 --> 00:17:00.779
 but of the teaching of the Pharisees and the Sadducees.

00:17:01.699 --> 00:17:04.460
 Jesus reminds them of the multiplication of bread

00:17:04.460 --> 00:17:06.940
 and the miraculous feeding of the 5,000 Jews

00:17:06.940 --> 00:17:08.099
 with five loaves of bread

00:17:08.099 --> 00:17:10.980
 and 4,000 Gentiles with seven loaves of bread,

00:17:10.980 --> 00:17:16.299
 that Jesus is the bread of life sent by God from heaven

00:17:16.299 --> 00:17:18.079
 to nourish the people of God,

00:17:18.259 --> 00:17:21.200
 both Jews and Gentiles, unto eternal life.

00:17:22.360 --> 00:17:23.640
 They've seen all that.

00:17:23.740 --> 00:17:25.599
 The disciples have been witnesses to all that.

00:17:26.000 --> 00:17:28.559
 The history-making, the world-changing,

00:17:28.860 --> 00:17:33.599
 people-saving, and kingdom-coming event

00:17:33.599 --> 00:17:36.579
 is unfolding right in front of their eyes,

00:17:36.579 --> 00:17:40.420
 and yet they worry about bread.

00:17:40.980 --> 00:17:45.700
 Do you see the absurdity of that?

00:17:47.339 --> 00:17:49.460
 Even at a basic logical level,

00:17:50.420 --> 00:17:54.339
 not understanding all that about who Jesus is,

00:17:55.220 --> 00:17:57.519
 like Jesus just fed 5,000 people

00:17:57.519 --> 00:17:58.680
 with five loaves of bread.

00:18:00.620 --> 00:18:02.400
 Do you think that you forgot bread

00:18:02.400 --> 00:18:03.640
 and now Jesus is like, oh no.

00:18:04.519 --> 00:18:05.740
 You forgot bread.

00:18:05.740 --> 00:18:07.299
 Now we're not going to have anything to eat.

00:18:07.440 --> 00:18:08.420
 How could you?

00:18:09.779 --> 00:18:10.539
 Come on.

00:18:10.980 --> 00:18:14.740
 Of course not.

00:18:14.839 --> 00:18:16.620
 Jesus chides the disciples in verse 8,

00:18:16.700 --> 00:18:18.360
 oh you of little faith,

00:18:18.839 --> 00:18:20.539
 why are you discussing among yourselves

00:18:20.539 --> 00:18:22.160
 the fact that you don't have no bread?

00:18:22.660 --> 00:18:25.059
 This ammunition, oh you of little faith,

00:18:25.099 --> 00:18:27.339
 is one we've seen earlier on in the Sermon on the Mount

00:18:27.339 --> 00:18:29.380
 in Matthew 6, 25 to 34,

00:18:29.500 --> 00:18:32.660
 and I think Jesus is intentionally invoking what he taught.

00:18:32.660 --> 00:18:33.920
 There, he says in there,

00:18:34.059 --> 00:18:35.980
 do not worry about your life,

00:18:36.059 --> 00:18:37.059
 what you will eat or drink,

00:18:37.140 --> 00:18:38.059
 or what you will wear.

00:18:38.059 --> 00:18:39.460
 Do not worry,

00:18:39.559 --> 00:18:40.099
 because he says,

00:18:40.299 --> 00:18:41.599
 look at the birds of the air.

00:18:41.700 --> 00:18:44.179
 Do not sow or reap or store away in barns,

00:18:44.220 --> 00:18:45.779
 and yet your heavenly father feeds them.

00:18:47.079 --> 00:18:48.779
 Are you not much more valuable than they?

00:18:49.419 --> 00:18:50.919
 Can any of you by worrying

00:18:50.919 --> 00:18:52.940
 add a single hour to your life?

00:18:53.960 --> 00:18:55.639
 And why do you worry about clothes?

00:18:57.099 --> 00:18:58.700
 Look at the lilies of the field

00:18:58.700 --> 00:18:59.859
 and how they grow.

00:18:59.859 --> 00:19:02.319
 Not even Solomon, king of Israel,

00:19:03.000 --> 00:19:04.700
 not even Solomon in all his splendor

00:19:04.700 --> 00:19:06.100
 was dressed like one of these.

00:19:06.580 --> 00:19:09.240
 If that is how God clothes the grass of the field,

00:19:09.279 --> 00:19:10.140
 which is here today

00:19:10.140 --> 00:19:12.059
 and tomorrow is thrown into the fire,

00:19:13.240 --> 00:19:15.180
 will he not much more clothe you,

00:19:15.819 --> 00:19:17.680
 you of little faith?

00:19:17.759 --> 00:19:18.860
 That's the exact same phrase,

00:19:18.980 --> 00:19:20.779
 oh you of little faith.

00:19:21.259 --> 00:19:22.420
 So do not worry,

00:19:23.000 --> 00:19:24.100
 saying what shall we eat

00:19:24.100 --> 00:19:24.920
 or what shall we drink

00:19:24.920 --> 00:19:25.640
 or what shall we wear,

00:19:25.740 --> 00:19:28.019
 for the Gentiles run after all these things.

00:19:28.680 --> 00:19:30.559
 And your heavenly father knows that you need them,

00:19:30.559 --> 00:19:33.500
 but instead seek first his kingdom

00:19:33.500 --> 00:19:34.659
 and its righteousness

00:19:34.659 --> 00:19:37.700
 and all these things will be added to you as well.

00:19:41.139 --> 00:19:42.019
 How often,

00:19:42.879 --> 00:19:44.480
 even though our heavenly father has promised

00:19:44.480 --> 00:19:46.259
 to provide for all of our needs,

00:19:46.359 --> 00:19:48.480
 do we worry about what we will eat?

00:19:51.399 --> 00:19:53.179
 And no matter how much we worry

00:19:53.179 --> 00:19:55.980
 and no matter how much we plan our days

00:19:55.980 --> 00:19:57.120
 and plan our budgets,

00:19:57.640 --> 00:20:01.480
 we cannot extend the length of our lives

00:20:01.480 --> 00:20:02.360
 by a single hour.

00:20:03.779 --> 00:20:06.660
 We will die exactly when God appointed for us to die.

00:20:08.500 --> 00:20:11.039
 But why does this happen to us?

00:20:11.200 --> 00:20:12.140
 Why do we worry?

00:20:12.299 --> 00:20:14.339
 Like why do the disworldly

00:20:14.339 --> 00:20:16.400
 and temporal concerns of money

00:20:16.400 --> 00:20:18.779
 and things and food and drink and clothes,

00:20:19.019 --> 00:20:20.660
 why do they feel so real

00:20:20.660 --> 00:20:22.099
 and so imminent and urgent

00:20:22.099 --> 00:20:23.619
 that we forget and lose sight

00:20:23.619 --> 00:20:26.919
 of these spiritual eternal realities?

00:20:27.639 --> 00:20:29.099
 Two failures, Jesus says,

00:20:29.439 --> 00:20:31.259
 account for this in verse nine.

00:20:31.679 --> 00:20:32.980
 One, a failure to remember.

00:20:33.799 --> 00:20:35.379
 Two, a failure to perceive.

00:20:36.500 --> 00:20:39.500
 First, we fixate on what we do not have

00:20:39.500 --> 00:20:40.539
 and we worry

00:20:40.539 --> 00:20:41.899
 because we do not remember

00:20:41.899 --> 00:20:44.299
 the five loaves for the 5,000.

00:20:46.059 --> 00:20:47.579
 So if you're worried about something

00:20:47.579 --> 00:20:48.399
 in your life today,

00:20:48.679 --> 00:20:50.099
 then take time to remember

00:20:50.099 --> 00:20:52.480
 how God has provided for you,

00:20:52.779 --> 00:20:55.579
 how God has come through for you

00:20:55.579 --> 00:20:56.799
 time and time again.

00:20:59.019 --> 00:21:01.339
 And secondly, there's a failure to perceive.

00:21:01.839 --> 00:21:02.859
 We get tunnel vision

00:21:02.859 --> 00:21:04.719
 because if we fail to perceive

00:21:04.719 --> 00:21:07.559
 that God is who he says he is,

00:21:08.919 --> 00:21:10.599
 we're so fixated on the bread

00:21:10.599 --> 00:21:11.679
 that we forgot to pack,

00:21:11.779 --> 00:21:12.740
 the bread that we're worried

00:21:12.740 --> 00:21:13.539
 we might not have,

00:21:13.599 --> 00:21:14.279
 that we forget

00:21:14.279 --> 00:21:16.799
 that Jesus is the bread of life

00:21:16.799 --> 00:21:18.319
 who gives eternal life

00:21:18.319 --> 00:21:19.319
 and that he is with us

00:21:19.319 --> 00:21:20.700
 and indwells us by his spirit.

00:21:22.220 --> 00:21:23.559
 We do not perceive

00:21:23.559 --> 00:21:25.079
 that the creator of the heavens

00:21:25.079 --> 00:21:25.599
 and the earth

00:21:25.599 --> 00:21:27.039
 is our heavenly father

00:21:27.039 --> 00:21:28.700
 who provides for us.

00:21:30.059 --> 00:21:31.059
 So let me ask you,

00:21:31.139 --> 00:21:34.139
 has your life recently been consumed

00:21:34.139 --> 00:21:37.379
 by your earning and spending

00:21:37.379 --> 00:21:39.980
 and saving the food you eat

00:21:39.980 --> 00:21:41.419
 and the clothes you wear?

00:21:41.420 --> 00:21:43.700
 Have the mundane realities of life

00:21:43.700 --> 00:21:45.840
 taken up the entirety of your vision

00:21:45.840 --> 00:21:47.360
 so that you are losing sight

00:21:47.360 --> 00:21:48.620
 of eternal realities,

00:21:49.019 --> 00:21:51.100
 of your heavenly perspective,

00:21:52.160 --> 00:21:54.620
 of seeking first the kingdom of God

00:21:54.620 --> 00:21:55.580
 and its righteousness?

00:21:56.100 --> 00:21:57.360
 Are you aware today

00:21:57.360 --> 00:21:58.519
 of what God is doing

00:21:58.519 --> 00:21:59.460
 in and through you

00:21:59.460 --> 00:22:01.140
 and in and through your neighbors

00:22:01.140 --> 00:22:01.960
 and your friends,

00:22:02.800 --> 00:22:04.700
 what God is doing

00:22:04.700 --> 00:22:05.660
 in and through your children?

00:22:07.420 --> 00:22:09.039
 Are you aware of these realities?

00:22:09.039 --> 00:22:11.279
 The bread that the disciples

00:22:11.279 --> 00:22:12.259
 forgot to pack

00:22:12.259 --> 00:22:12.980
 was the last thing

00:22:12.980 --> 00:22:13.920
 on Jesus' mind.

00:22:14.500 --> 00:22:15.619
 Instead, he was warning them

00:22:15.619 --> 00:22:16.339
 about the leaven

00:22:16.339 --> 00:22:17.720
 of the false teaching

00:22:17.720 --> 00:22:18.480
 of the Pharisees

00:22:18.480 --> 00:22:19.359
 and the Sadducees.

00:22:21.680 --> 00:22:23.759
 Leaven sometimes is used

00:22:23.759 --> 00:22:24.960
 in a positive metaphor

00:22:24.960 --> 00:22:25.940
 throughout the gospel.

00:22:27.079 --> 00:22:28.440
 We saw that in chapter 13,

00:22:28.519 --> 00:22:29.639
 but here it's clearly being used

00:22:29.639 --> 00:22:30.420
 in a negative way.

00:22:32.420 --> 00:22:33.700
 Leaven is fermented dough

00:22:33.700 --> 00:22:34.980
 from an old batch

00:22:34.980 --> 00:22:36.599
 of fermented bread,

00:22:36.899 --> 00:22:37.759
 like the way people

00:22:37.759 --> 00:22:39.319
 in our church make sourdough bread.

00:22:39.819 --> 00:22:40.539
 And you combine

00:22:40.539 --> 00:22:42.079
 that leftover batch

00:22:42.079 --> 00:22:44.299
 that you've set aside

00:22:44.299 --> 00:22:45.220
 with the new batch

00:22:45.220 --> 00:22:46.740
 and then it leavens

00:22:46.740 --> 00:22:48.379
 the entire batch

00:22:48.379 --> 00:22:49.460
 of new bread.

00:22:50.700 --> 00:22:51.140
 However,

00:22:51.559 --> 00:22:53.119
 this is an ingenious way

00:22:53.119 --> 00:22:53.740
 to save

00:22:53.740 --> 00:22:55.420
 and to continue the process,

00:22:55.539 --> 00:22:56.099
 especially when you don't

00:22:56.099 --> 00:22:56.740
 have yeast.

00:22:58.339 --> 00:22:59.500
 But if the leaven

00:22:59.500 --> 00:23:00.140
 that you're using

00:23:00.140 --> 00:23:01.079
 is contaminated,

00:23:02.079 --> 00:23:03.279
 it will also spread

00:23:03.279 --> 00:23:04.220
 contamination

00:23:04.220 --> 00:23:06.319
 through the entire batch

00:23:06.319 --> 00:23:07.139
 of bread.

00:23:08.279 --> 00:23:09.179
 The Pharisees

00:23:09.179 --> 00:23:10.079
 and the Sadducees

00:23:10.079 --> 00:23:11.879
 settled skepticism.

00:23:12.299 --> 00:23:13.099
 Their rejection

00:23:13.099 --> 00:23:14.460
 of Jesus

00:23:14.460 --> 00:23:15.819
 as the Christ,

00:23:15.899 --> 00:23:17.119
 the son of the living God,

00:23:17.200 --> 00:23:18.039
 is like leaven

00:23:18.039 --> 00:23:18.779
 contaminated

00:23:18.779 --> 00:23:20.279
 with bad bacteria

00:23:20.279 --> 00:23:21.319
 that spreads

00:23:21.319 --> 00:23:22.939
 through the entire bread.

00:23:24.519 --> 00:23:25.460
 Jesus' warning

00:23:25.460 --> 00:23:26.879
 about leaven

00:23:26.879 --> 00:23:27.899
 gets picked up

00:23:27.899 --> 00:23:29.379
 later by Apostle Paul

00:23:29.379 --> 00:23:30.659
 in two separate occasions

00:23:30.659 --> 00:23:31.539
 in the New Testament.

00:23:32.059 --> 00:23:32.819
 And these passages

00:23:32.819 --> 00:23:33.879
 helpfully illustrate

00:23:33.880 --> 00:23:34.880
 the two ways

00:23:34.880 --> 00:23:35.980
 that leaven

00:23:35.980 --> 00:23:36.960
 can taint

00:23:36.960 --> 00:23:38.600
 the bread of Jesus Christ,

00:23:38.700 --> 00:23:39.240
 the gospel

00:23:39.240 --> 00:23:40.620
 of Jesus Christ.

00:23:41.540 --> 00:23:42.960
 The first kind of leaven

00:23:42.960 --> 00:23:43.880
 is lawlessness.

00:23:46.100 --> 00:23:46.860
 When writing

00:23:46.860 --> 00:23:48.040
 to the Corinthian church

00:23:48.040 --> 00:23:50.980
 that's tolerating

00:23:50.980 --> 00:23:52.120
 sexual immorality

00:23:52.120 --> 00:23:53.840
 among their own members,

00:23:54.400 --> 00:23:55.320
 Paul commands them

00:23:55.320 --> 00:23:56.960
 in 1 Corinthians 5,

00:23:57.060 --> 00:23:57.600
 6-9,

00:23:57.600 --> 00:23:58.760
 Do you not know

00:23:58.760 --> 00:23:59.620
 that a little leaven

00:23:59.620 --> 00:24:00.800
 leavens the whole lump?

00:24:01.440 --> 00:24:02.720
 Cleanse out the old leaven

00:24:02.720 --> 00:24:03.880
 that you may be a new lump

00:24:03.880 --> 00:24:05.400
 as you really are unleavened.

00:24:05.720 --> 00:24:06.279
 For Christ,

00:24:06.400 --> 00:24:07.259
 our Passover lamb,

00:24:07.319 --> 00:24:08.460
 has been sacrificed.

00:24:08.920 --> 00:24:09.799
 Do not associate

00:24:09.799 --> 00:24:11.700
 with sexually immoral people.

00:24:13.039 --> 00:24:13.819
 Sin is like

00:24:13.819 --> 00:24:15.180
 an infectious disease.

00:24:15.799 --> 00:24:16.920
 It never stays put.

00:24:17.559 --> 00:24:19.039
 It always spreads.

00:24:19.680 --> 00:24:20.680
 It grows worse

00:24:20.680 --> 00:24:22.620
 if you leave it unattended,

00:24:22.700 --> 00:24:23.819
 if you do not repent of it

00:24:23.819 --> 00:24:24.660
 and turn from it.

00:24:25.000 --> 00:24:25.600
 This is why

00:24:25.600 --> 00:24:27.160
 we must decisively remove

00:24:27.160 --> 00:24:28.720
 everything that caused us to sin.

00:24:28.779 --> 00:24:29.319
 That's why Jesus

00:24:29.319 --> 00:24:30.240
 is so emphatic

00:24:30.240 --> 00:24:31.120
 in the Sermon on the Mount.

00:24:31.119 --> 00:24:32.859
 If your right eye causes you to sin,

00:24:33.159 --> 00:24:33.719
 gouge it out

00:24:33.719 --> 00:24:34.379
 and throw it away.

00:24:35.500 --> 00:24:36.359
 He's not saying literally

00:24:36.359 --> 00:24:37.159
 gouge out your eye.

00:24:37.219 --> 00:24:38.659
 He's saying remove decisively

00:24:38.659 --> 00:24:39.939
 the cause of sin

00:24:39.939 --> 00:24:40.679
 in your life.

00:24:43.039 --> 00:24:43.759
 This is why

00:24:43.759 --> 00:24:44.799
 we cannot tolerate

00:24:44.799 --> 00:24:45.899
 unrepentant sin

00:24:45.899 --> 00:24:48.000
 within the church of Christ.

00:24:49.339 --> 00:24:51.279
 As A.W. Tozer once wrote,

00:24:51.279 --> 00:24:53.939
 the vague and tenuous hope

00:24:53.939 --> 00:24:56.319
 that God is too kind

00:24:56.319 --> 00:24:57.839
 to punish the ungodly

00:24:57.839 --> 00:24:59.399
 has become

00:24:59.399 --> 00:25:01.079
 a deadly opiate

00:25:01.079 --> 00:25:02.359
 for the consciences

00:25:02.359 --> 00:25:03.139
 of millions.

00:25:06.519 --> 00:25:07.240
 Tolerating

00:25:07.240 --> 00:25:08.899
 unrepentant sin

00:25:08.899 --> 00:25:10.659
 out of so-called kindness

00:25:10.659 --> 00:25:12.179
 is a denial

00:25:12.179 --> 00:25:13.119
 of the gospel

00:25:13.119 --> 00:25:14.119
 of Jesus Christ.

00:25:16.220 --> 00:25:17.759
 God took sin

00:25:17.759 --> 00:25:18.959
 so seriously

00:25:18.959 --> 00:25:21.619
 He didn't just

00:25:21.619 --> 00:25:22.519
 say,

00:25:22.619 --> 00:25:23.059
 oh, that's fine.

00:25:23.240 --> 00:25:23.819
 Forget about it.

00:25:23.819 --> 00:25:26.939
 He sent His own Son,

00:25:27.399 --> 00:25:28.439
 His only Son,

00:25:28.500 --> 00:25:29.079
 Jesus Christ,

00:25:29.139 --> 00:25:29.980
 to die

00:25:29.980 --> 00:25:31.359
 to pay the penalty

00:25:31.359 --> 00:25:32.119
 for our sins.

00:25:33.220 --> 00:25:34.419
 That's how seriously

00:25:34.419 --> 00:25:35.359
 God took sin

00:25:35.359 --> 00:25:36.339
 and who are we

00:25:36.339 --> 00:25:37.519
 to look at sin

00:25:37.519 --> 00:25:38.659
 and just wink the eye

00:25:38.659 --> 00:25:38.879
 and say,

00:25:38.960 --> 00:25:39.000
 yeah,

00:25:39.720 --> 00:25:40.279
 no big deal.

00:25:44.019 --> 00:25:45.159
 No need for repentance.

00:25:46.419 --> 00:25:48.220
 That's a dangerous leaven

00:25:48.220 --> 00:25:50.480
 that contaminates

00:25:50.480 --> 00:25:52.460
 the gospel of Jesus Christ

00:25:52.460 --> 00:25:53.559
 with does not give life.

00:25:55.360 --> 00:25:56.480
 The second kind of leaven

00:25:56.480 --> 00:25:57.480
 is legalism.

00:25:58.240 --> 00:25:59.519
 Writing to the Galatian church

00:25:59.519 --> 00:26:00.279
 who had been deceived

00:26:00.279 --> 00:26:01.319
 by the Judaizers

00:26:01.319 --> 00:26:02.000
 into thinking

00:26:02.000 --> 00:26:03.660
 that Gentile converts

00:26:03.660 --> 00:26:04.200
 to Christianity

00:26:04.200 --> 00:26:06.259
 must get circumcised

00:26:06.259 --> 00:26:08.380
 and keep the Old Testament law

00:26:08.380 --> 00:26:09.880
 in order to be saved.

00:26:10.680 --> 00:26:12.360
 Paul says in Galatians 5,

00:26:12.880 --> 00:26:14.180
 for freedom Christ

00:26:14.180 --> 00:26:14.900
 has set us free.

00:26:15.019 --> 00:26:15.200
 Therefore,

00:26:15.360 --> 00:26:16.460
 do not let yourself,

00:26:16.539 --> 00:26:17.660
 do not submit again

00:26:17.660 --> 00:26:19.100
 to the yoke of slavery

00:26:19.100 --> 00:26:21.100
 if you accept circumcision.

00:26:21.099 --> 00:26:21.139
 circumcision,

00:26:21.799 --> 00:26:22.579
 this is what Paul says,

00:26:22.899 --> 00:26:24.119
 Christ will be

00:26:24.119 --> 00:26:25.519
 of no advantage

00:26:25.519 --> 00:26:26.199
 to you.

00:26:27.279 --> 00:26:28.839
 I testify again

00:26:28.839 --> 00:26:29.639
 to every man

00:26:29.639 --> 00:26:30.679
 who accepts circumcision

00:26:30.679 --> 00:26:32.199
 that he is obligated

00:26:32.199 --> 00:26:33.419
 to keep the whole law.

00:26:33.859 --> 00:26:34.980
 You are severed

00:26:34.980 --> 00:26:35.699
 from Christ.

00:26:36.259 --> 00:26:37.039
 You who would be

00:26:37.039 --> 00:26:38.079
 justified by the law,

00:26:38.159 --> 00:26:38.839
 you have fallen

00:26:38.839 --> 00:26:40.099
 away from grace.

00:26:42.000 --> 00:26:42.939
 Our little leaven

00:26:42.939 --> 00:26:44.539
 leavens the whole lump,

00:26:44.639 --> 00:26:45.039
 he says.

00:26:46.480 --> 00:26:48.059
 Anyone who suggests

00:26:48.059 --> 00:26:50.960
 that faith in Jesus Christ alone

00:26:50.960 --> 00:26:52.259
 is insufficient

00:26:52.259 --> 00:26:53.539
 for our salvation.

00:26:54.319 --> 00:26:55.240
 Anyone who denies

00:26:55.240 --> 00:26:56.519
 what we were just singing earlier

00:26:56.519 --> 00:26:57.819
 of the all-sufficient

00:26:57.819 --> 00:26:59.319
 merit of Jesus Christ

00:26:59.319 --> 00:27:00.200
 applied to us.

00:27:00.480 --> 00:27:01.599
 Anyone who adds

00:27:01.599 --> 00:27:02.619
 to the requirements

00:27:02.619 --> 00:27:03.299
 of the gospel

00:27:03.299 --> 00:27:03.859
 and suggests

00:27:03.859 --> 00:27:05.039
 that your standing

00:27:05.039 --> 00:27:05.759
 with God

00:27:05.759 --> 00:27:07.059
 does not depend solely

00:27:07.059 --> 00:27:08.059
 on what Christ

00:27:08.059 --> 00:27:09.099
 has accomplished for you.

00:27:09.339 --> 00:27:09.819
 No, no, no.

00:27:09.859 --> 00:27:10.539
 It depends on

00:27:10.539 --> 00:27:11.819
 your works,

00:27:12.720 --> 00:27:13.919
 your good deeds,

00:27:13.920 --> 00:27:16.340
 your performance.

00:27:18.940 --> 00:27:21.600
 That is a dangerous leaven

00:27:21.600 --> 00:27:22.980
 that corrupts

00:27:22.980 --> 00:27:23.860
 and spoils

00:27:23.860 --> 00:27:25.000
 the bread of life.

00:27:30.400 --> 00:27:31.560
 As a church of Christ,

00:27:31.620 --> 00:27:32.320
 we must guard

00:27:32.320 --> 00:27:34.160
 against these leavens

00:27:34.160 --> 00:27:35.039
 of false teaching.

00:27:35.539 --> 00:27:36.820
 The church of the living God,

00:27:36.900 --> 00:27:38.120
 it says in 1 Timothy 3.15,

00:27:38.200 --> 00:27:39.360
 is meant to be a pillar

00:27:39.360 --> 00:27:40.700
 and a buttress

00:27:40.700 --> 00:27:41.440
 of the truth.

00:27:42.039 --> 00:27:43.779
 That's one of the purposes

00:27:43.779 --> 00:27:44.519
 of the church.

00:27:44.619 --> 00:27:46.059
 We exist to uphold

00:27:46.059 --> 00:27:47.379
 and uplift

00:27:47.379 --> 00:27:48.940
 the truth of the gospel

00:27:48.940 --> 00:27:49.720
 of Jesus Christ

00:27:49.720 --> 00:27:50.480
 and that's why

00:27:50.480 --> 00:27:51.660
 we have to be vigilant

00:27:51.660 --> 00:27:53.779
 and beware of the leavens

00:27:53.779 --> 00:27:54.920
 of false teaching.

00:27:59.339 --> 00:28:00.779
 Not because we enjoy

00:28:00.779 --> 00:28:02.200
 being censorious,

00:28:03.599 --> 00:28:04.319
 contrarian,

00:28:04.460 --> 00:28:05.799
 and pointing fingers,

00:28:05.799 --> 00:28:07.420
 and correcting people.

00:28:07.839 --> 00:28:09.160
 No, but because

00:28:09.160 --> 00:28:11.379
 the gospel of Jesus Christ

00:28:11.379 --> 00:28:12.899
 is that precious.

00:28:14.420 --> 00:28:15.759
 Because apart from it,

00:28:15.940 --> 00:28:17.579
 there is no salvation.

00:28:18.759 --> 00:28:19.859
 We must guard it.

00:28:24.379 --> 00:28:25.480
 And that's now the point

00:28:25.480 --> 00:28:26.339
 that Jesus turns to

00:28:26.339 --> 00:28:26.899
 in the second half

00:28:26.899 --> 00:28:27.339
 of the passage.

00:28:28.359 --> 00:28:29.079
 He talks about

00:28:29.079 --> 00:28:29.799
 the bread of life

00:28:29.799 --> 00:28:30.839
 that should be declared,

00:28:31.019 --> 00:28:31.660
 that should be shared.

00:28:32.019 --> 00:28:33.019
 He asks his disciples

00:28:33.019 --> 00:28:33.839
 in verse 13,

00:28:34.220 --> 00:28:35.139
 who do people say

00:28:35.139 --> 00:28:36.160
 that the Son of Man is?

00:28:36.940 --> 00:28:37.779
 The Son of Man

00:28:37.779 --> 00:28:39.200
 is Jesus' preferred way

00:28:39.200 --> 00:28:40.220
 of referring to himself.

00:28:40.519 --> 00:28:41.339
 I think for a number

00:28:41.339 --> 00:28:41.759
 of reasons.

00:28:41.859 --> 00:28:42.519
 Two main reasons.

00:28:42.519 --> 00:28:43.700
 One, because of its allusion

00:28:43.700 --> 00:28:45.079
 to Daniel 7, 13 to 14.

00:28:45.539 --> 00:28:46.180
 But secondly,

00:28:46.680 --> 00:28:47.639
 because it was

00:28:47.639 --> 00:28:49.259
 an ambiguous enough title

00:28:49.259 --> 00:28:50.599
 that was not used

00:28:50.599 --> 00:28:52.000
 widely at the time.

00:28:52.379 --> 00:28:53.539
 So it's kind of

00:28:53.539 --> 00:28:55.359
 an empty shell almost.

00:28:55.500 --> 00:28:56.859
 It's not theologically loaded

00:28:56.859 --> 00:28:57.819
 like terms that the Jews

00:28:57.819 --> 00:28:58.500
 already used

00:28:58.500 --> 00:28:59.379
 like the Son of David.

00:28:59.599 --> 00:29:00.579
 So Jesus could kind of

00:29:00.579 --> 00:29:01.940
 supply the content,

00:29:02.259 --> 00:29:03.279
 the theological content

00:29:03.279 --> 00:29:04.379
 for that phrase.

00:29:04.720 --> 00:29:06.279
 And define who he is

00:29:06.279 --> 00:29:08.200
 and what the messianic mission is.

00:29:08.200 --> 00:29:10.799
 Obviously, it's not clear enough

00:29:10.799 --> 00:29:11.660
 what the Son of Man is

00:29:11.660 --> 00:29:12.660
 because people are saying

00:29:12.660 --> 00:29:13.180
 and debating

00:29:13.180 --> 00:29:13.860
 and speculating

00:29:13.860 --> 00:29:14.860
 who do people say

00:29:14.860 --> 00:29:16.539
 that the Son of Man is.

00:29:18.019 --> 00:29:19.140
 The disciples reply,

00:29:19.340 --> 00:29:20.559
 some say John the Baptist,

00:29:21.000 --> 00:29:22.080
 others say Elijah,

00:29:22.620 --> 00:29:23.740
 and others Jeremiah

00:29:23.740 --> 00:29:24.660
 or one of the prophets.

00:29:25.559 --> 00:29:27.539
 Remember a few chapters ago,

00:29:27.680 --> 00:29:28.500
 Herod Antipas'

00:29:28.779 --> 00:29:30.860
 kind of fanciful speculation,

00:29:31.480 --> 00:29:33.140
 Jesus doing so many miracles,

00:29:33.319 --> 00:29:34.819
 he conjectures that,

00:29:35.059 --> 00:29:35.880
 oh, this must be

00:29:35.880 --> 00:29:37.020
 John the Baptist

00:29:37.020 --> 00:29:38.080
 raised from the dead

00:29:38.080 --> 00:29:39.840
 because miraculous powers

00:29:39.840 --> 00:29:40.540
 are working in him.

00:29:41.540 --> 00:29:43.500
 Herod Antipas beheaded John

00:29:43.500 --> 00:29:45.300
 and now he's afraid

00:29:45.300 --> 00:29:46.600
 that Jesus is John the Baptist

00:29:46.600 --> 00:29:47.520
 resurrected.

00:29:48.360 --> 00:29:49.160
 Some people were saying

00:29:49.160 --> 00:29:49.860
 that about him.

00:29:50.720 --> 00:29:51.180
 The disciples,

00:29:51.560 --> 00:29:52.460
 some people thought

00:29:52.460 --> 00:29:53.760
 that he was Elijah.

00:29:56.420 --> 00:29:57.940
 There were expectations

00:29:57.940 --> 00:30:00.660
 of Elijah returning,

00:30:00.960 --> 00:30:02.500
 not only because he was

00:30:02.500 --> 00:30:03.480
 one of the most powerful

00:30:03.480 --> 00:30:04.560
 prophets of the Old Testament,

00:30:04.559 --> 00:30:06.740
 but also because he did not

00:30:06.740 --> 00:30:07.940
 die a natural death.

00:30:08.059 --> 00:30:09.579
 He was translated directly

00:30:09.579 --> 00:30:11.700
 to heaven by God.

00:30:12.399 --> 00:30:14.079
 And so because of the prophecy

00:30:14.079 --> 00:30:15.299
 of Malachi 4 or 5,

00:30:15.359 --> 00:30:16.019
 which prophesied

00:30:16.019 --> 00:30:17.419
 that God would send again

00:30:17.419 --> 00:30:18.740
 the prophet Elijah

00:30:18.740 --> 00:30:19.879
 before he himself

00:30:19.879 --> 00:30:21.099
 comes to save his people,

00:30:21.700 --> 00:30:23.559
 there was this feverish expectation

00:30:23.559 --> 00:30:25.240
 trying to find out

00:30:25.240 --> 00:30:26.599
 who this Elijah might be.

00:30:28.099 --> 00:30:29.460
 And so some people thought

00:30:29.460 --> 00:30:30.539
 Jesus was Elijah.

00:30:31.500 --> 00:30:32.359
 Still others thought

00:30:32.359 --> 00:30:33.859
 that Jesus was Jeremiah

00:30:33.859 --> 00:30:34.979
 or one of the prophets.

00:30:35.679 --> 00:30:37.439
 Prophet Jeremiah incurred

00:30:37.439 --> 00:30:38.939
 the wrath of his own people

00:30:38.939 --> 00:30:39.839
 by prophesying

00:30:39.839 --> 00:30:41.139
 of the downfall of Judah

00:30:41.139 --> 00:30:42.039
 and the destruction

00:30:42.039 --> 00:30:43.259
 of the temple of Jerusalem.

00:30:43.799 --> 00:30:45.439
 And Jesus does the same thing.

00:30:45.519 --> 00:30:47.219
 He denounces the Jewish leaders

00:30:47.219 --> 00:30:48.659
 in chapters 21 to 23

00:30:48.659 --> 00:30:50.019
 and then he prophesies

00:30:50.019 --> 00:30:50.659
 of the destruction

00:30:50.659 --> 00:30:51.659
 of the temple of Jerusalem

00:30:51.659 --> 00:30:52.819
 in chapter 24.

00:30:52.959 --> 00:30:54.039
 So he fits this pattern

00:30:54.039 --> 00:30:55.639
 of Jeremiah's ministry.

00:30:55.640 --> 00:30:59.320
 And because Deuteronomy 18, 15

00:30:59.320 --> 00:31:00.259
 prophesied that God

00:31:00.259 --> 00:31:01.020
 would raise up

00:31:01.020 --> 00:31:02.340
 another end time prophet

00:31:02.340 --> 00:31:03.780
 like Moses, he says,

00:31:04.000 --> 00:31:05.640
 there were many

00:31:05.640 --> 00:31:06.700
 prophetic expectations.

00:31:06.880 --> 00:31:07.920
 Maybe it would be a Jeremiah.

00:31:08.440 --> 00:31:09.600
 Maybe it would be another prophet

00:31:09.600 --> 00:31:10.360
 that will come.

00:31:12.000 --> 00:31:13.340
 So many speculations.

00:31:13.820 --> 00:31:14.680
 All that to say,

00:31:15.020 --> 00:31:16.860
 the crowd's estimation of Jesus

00:31:16.860 --> 00:31:18.560
 is not bad, right?

00:31:19.820 --> 00:31:20.980
 These are all good people.

00:31:21.660 --> 00:31:23.060
 All good godly people.

00:31:23.059 --> 00:31:24.000
 I mean, they could have

00:31:24.000 --> 00:31:26.179
 compared Jesus to Janus and Jambres,

00:31:26.359 --> 00:31:28.059
 the court magicians

00:31:28.059 --> 00:31:30.319
 of Pharaoh in Exodus.

00:31:31.460 --> 00:31:32.559
 No, they don't compare him.

00:31:32.599 --> 00:31:33.599
 They compare him to Elijah,

00:31:34.099 --> 00:31:35.519
 Jeremiah, John the Baptist,

00:31:35.639 --> 00:31:36.740
 whom Jesus himself said

00:31:36.740 --> 00:31:37.679
 is that there's no one

00:31:37.679 --> 00:31:38.599
 born of woman greater

00:31:38.599 --> 00:31:39.359
 than John the Baptist.

00:31:40.259 --> 00:31:40.740
 John the Baptist

00:31:40.740 --> 00:31:41.700
 is the greatest man

00:31:41.700 --> 00:31:43.500
 that lived under the Old Covenant.

00:31:45.480 --> 00:31:47.460
 This is a high estimation of Jesus,

00:31:47.899 --> 00:31:49.799
 but it's not high enough.

00:31:53.059 --> 00:31:55.659
 as we see in Jesus' response.

00:31:57.480 --> 00:31:58.339
 And that's true

00:31:58.339 --> 00:31:59.559
 in our day and age as well.

00:32:00.319 --> 00:32:01.539
 You are not likely

00:32:01.539 --> 00:32:02.980
 to meet people

00:32:02.980 --> 00:32:03.720
 throughout the world

00:32:03.720 --> 00:32:05.720
 that hate Jesus

00:32:05.720 --> 00:32:08.599
 and denounce Jesus.

00:32:11.399 --> 00:32:13.059
 Muslims believe that Jesus

00:32:13.059 --> 00:32:14.960
 was one of the highest ranked

00:32:14.960 --> 00:32:16.159
 and most beloved prophets.

00:32:16.160 --> 00:32:19.160
 the Sikhs believe that Jesus

00:32:19.160 --> 00:32:21.220
 was a high ranked holy man.

00:32:21.640 --> 00:32:22.820
 Jehovah's Witnesses believe

00:32:22.820 --> 00:32:23.840
 that Jesus is the highest

00:32:23.840 --> 00:32:24.980
 of all God's creatures.

00:32:25.540 --> 00:32:26.640
 Christian scientists believe

00:32:26.640 --> 00:32:27.940
 that Jesus was the first human

00:32:27.940 --> 00:32:29.000
 to manifest fully

00:32:29.000 --> 00:32:30.380
 the truth of Christian science.

00:32:30.800 --> 00:32:31.880
 Some political theorists

00:32:31.880 --> 00:32:32.960
 and sociologists believe

00:32:32.960 --> 00:32:34.060
 that Jesus was a social

00:32:34.060 --> 00:32:35.300
 and political genius

00:32:35.300 --> 00:32:37.160
 who revolutionized

00:32:37.160 --> 00:32:38.160
 and restructured society.

00:32:39.519 --> 00:32:41.180
 Many Buddhists and atheists

00:32:41.180 --> 00:32:42.160
 and secular moral theorists

00:32:42.779 --> 00:32:44.740
 openly declare that Jesus

00:32:44.740 --> 00:32:47.240
 was a great moral teacher.

00:32:48.720 --> 00:32:50.079
 These are wonderful,

00:32:50.440 --> 00:32:51.120
 lofty things

00:32:51.120 --> 00:32:52.599
 to say about any person.

00:32:52.960 --> 00:32:54.480
 But when it comes to Jesus

00:32:54.480 --> 00:32:55.859
 and your estimation of Jesus,

00:32:56.160 --> 00:32:58.279
 it is not good enough.

00:32:59.380 --> 00:33:00.680
 It's not high enough.

00:33:02.240 --> 00:33:03.980
 So Jesus turns to his disciples

00:33:03.980 --> 00:33:05.900
 because they're the ones

00:33:05.900 --> 00:33:06.620
 to whom the secrets

00:33:06.620 --> 00:33:07.059
 of the kingdom

00:33:07.059 --> 00:33:07.859
 have been revealed.

00:33:08.839 --> 00:33:09.700
 They've been privy

00:33:09.700 --> 00:33:10.740
 to Jesus' work

00:33:10.740 --> 00:33:11.640
 and to his miracles

00:33:11.640 --> 00:33:13.359
 and to his private explanations

00:33:13.359 --> 00:33:13.819
 and teachings.

00:33:13.919 --> 00:33:14.879
 So he expects them

00:33:14.879 --> 00:33:17.059
 to have a better reply

00:33:17.059 --> 00:33:17.819
 than the crowds.

00:33:18.759 --> 00:33:19.879
 And he asks them,

00:33:20.899 --> 00:33:22.979
 who do you say that I am?

00:33:25.839 --> 00:33:27.039
 Not what your friends

00:33:27.039 --> 00:33:28.979
 and family say about Jesus.

00:33:29.740 --> 00:33:32.019
 Who do you say that I am?

00:33:34.539 --> 00:33:35.219
 Have you,

00:33:35.379 --> 00:33:36.000
 if you're here

00:33:36.000 --> 00:33:37.119
 and you do not yet follow

00:33:37.119 --> 00:33:38.500
 Jesus Christ as your Lord,

00:33:38.819 --> 00:33:40.779
 have you open-mindedly,

00:33:40.779 --> 00:33:42.319
 seriously and honestly

00:33:42.319 --> 00:33:43.940
 considered and wrestled

00:33:43.940 --> 00:33:44.980
 with that question?

00:33:45.319 --> 00:33:47.420
 Who do you say that I am?

00:33:49.819 --> 00:33:51.240
 And that question was posed

00:33:51.240 --> 00:33:52.680
 to all of Jesus' disciples,

00:33:53.160 --> 00:33:54.440
 but Peter alone answers

00:33:54.440 --> 00:33:55.420
 because he's the leader

00:33:55.420 --> 00:33:56.299
 and the spokesperson

00:33:56.299 --> 00:33:57.720
 for the 12 apostles.

00:33:57.839 --> 00:33:59.139
 That's why he's always listed first

00:33:59.139 --> 00:34:00.899
 in the list of apostles

00:34:00.899 --> 00:34:01.700
 throughout the Gospels.

00:34:02.220 --> 00:34:03.480
 And we've seen him speak

00:34:03.480 --> 00:34:04.399
 on behalf of the apostles

00:34:04.399 --> 00:34:05.200
 many times

00:34:05.200 --> 00:34:06.460
 throughout the Gospel of Matthew.

00:34:08.059 --> 00:34:09.340
 It's a consistent pattern

00:34:09.340 --> 00:34:10.400
 throughout all of the Gospels.

00:34:11.360 --> 00:34:12.940
 This is also the only instance

00:34:12.940 --> 00:34:13.840
 in the Gospel of Matthew

00:34:13.840 --> 00:34:15.519
 where we're given Peter's full name,

00:34:16.039 --> 00:34:16.780
 Simon Peter.

00:34:17.620 --> 00:34:18.840
 So there's an added degree

00:34:18.840 --> 00:34:20.900
 of solemnity and formality

00:34:20.900 --> 00:34:21.640
 to this occasion.

00:34:22.720 --> 00:34:24.220
 Peter responds,

00:34:24.880 --> 00:34:27.440
 you are the Christ,

00:34:28.000 --> 00:34:30.800
 the Son of the living God.

00:34:32.559 --> 00:34:33.840
 The word Christ,

00:34:34.480 --> 00:34:35.860
 as I think all of you know,

00:34:36.200 --> 00:34:36.600
 does not,

00:34:37.300 --> 00:34:39.019
 it's not Jesus' last name.

00:34:39.340 --> 00:34:40.539
 It's a title that means

00:34:40.539 --> 00:34:41.200
 Messiah,

00:34:41.760 --> 00:34:42.640
 anointed one.

00:34:44.019 --> 00:34:45.180
 The Jews believe,

00:34:45.360 --> 00:34:46.720
 in accordance with the prophecies

00:34:46.720 --> 00:34:47.519
 in the Old Testament,

00:34:47.640 --> 00:34:49.300
 that God would raise up a king

00:34:49.300 --> 00:34:50.980
 from the line of David

00:34:50.980 --> 00:34:53.019
 who would represent him

00:34:53.019 --> 00:34:55.160
 and return the people of God

00:34:55.160 --> 00:34:56.380
 to their glory

00:34:56.380 --> 00:34:58.019
 in the presence of God.

00:35:00.260 --> 00:35:01.720
 And related to that concept

00:35:01.720 --> 00:35:03.079
 of Christ, Messiah,

00:35:03.240 --> 00:35:05.200
 was the idea of the Son of God.

00:35:05.199 --> 00:35:07.899
 In the covenant that God made

00:35:07.899 --> 00:35:09.000
 with King David,

00:35:09.399 --> 00:35:11.939
 he said in 2 Samuel 7, 12-14,

00:35:12.319 --> 00:35:13.839
 I will raise up your offspring

00:35:13.839 --> 00:35:15.019
 after you who shall come

00:35:15.019 --> 00:35:16.119
 from your body.

00:35:16.219 --> 00:35:17.899
 That's why messianic expectations

00:35:17.899 --> 00:35:19.899
 didn't expect from the Messiah

00:35:19.899 --> 00:35:20.739
 to come from the line of David.

00:35:21.359 --> 00:35:21.879
 And he continues,

00:35:22.000 --> 00:35:23.419
 I will establish his kingdom.

00:35:23.879 --> 00:35:25.679
 He shall build a house for my name

00:35:25.679 --> 00:35:27.500
 and I will establish the throne

00:35:27.500 --> 00:35:28.659
 of his kingdom forever.

00:35:28.659 --> 00:35:31.579
 I will be to him a father

00:35:31.579 --> 00:35:35.039
 and he shall be to me a son.

00:35:36.000 --> 00:35:37.319
 So that's fulfilled

00:35:37.319 --> 00:35:38.799
 in the immediate sense

00:35:38.799 --> 00:35:39.739
 by King Solomon,

00:35:40.000 --> 00:35:42.259
 but it waits its ultimate fulfillment

00:35:42.259 --> 00:35:43.679
 in Jesus Christ.

00:35:45.219 --> 00:35:46.799
 That's what gets picked up

00:35:46.799 --> 00:35:48.139
 in Psalm chapter 2,

00:35:48.179 --> 00:35:48.980
 verse 7-8,

00:35:49.119 --> 00:35:50.539
 where God says concerning

00:35:50.539 --> 00:35:51.579
 his messianic king,

00:35:51.960 --> 00:35:53.379
 you are my son.

00:35:53.779 --> 00:35:55.859
 Today I have begotten you.

00:35:57.079 --> 00:35:58.519
 That's why the title Christ,

00:35:58.519 --> 00:35:59.579
 Son of God,

00:35:59.659 --> 00:36:00.699
 are organically connected

00:36:00.699 --> 00:36:01.579
 throughout the Gospels.

00:36:03.079 --> 00:36:04.079
 Jesus' disciples,

00:36:04.380 --> 00:36:04.820
 if you remember,

00:36:04.920 --> 00:36:06.000
 have already declared,

00:36:06.280 --> 00:36:06.940
 kind of in a,

00:36:07.500 --> 00:36:07.800
 you know,

00:36:08.659 --> 00:36:09.820
 startled days

00:36:09.820 --> 00:36:11.360
 after seeing Jesus walk on water,

00:36:11.519 --> 00:36:13.139
 truly you are the Son of God.

00:36:16.000 --> 00:36:17.019
 That's when the truth

00:36:17.019 --> 00:36:18.119
 first dawned on them.

00:36:18.360 --> 00:36:19.179
 But since then,

00:36:19.239 --> 00:36:19.860
 they've had time

00:36:19.860 --> 00:36:21.820
 to ponder that weighty truth.

00:36:23.659 --> 00:36:25.659
 If that's what that means,

00:36:25.719 --> 00:36:27.239
 if that's really who Jesus is,

00:36:27.239 --> 00:36:28.380
 what are all the implications

00:36:28.380 --> 00:36:28.840
 of this?

00:36:28.900 --> 00:36:29.680
 So they've had the time

00:36:29.680 --> 00:36:30.700
 to process that

00:36:30.700 --> 00:36:31.940
 startling declaration,

00:36:32.119 --> 00:36:32.780
 and then the truth

00:36:32.780 --> 00:36:34.420
 is sinking in,

00:36:34.480 --> 00:36:36.140
 and now this is the formal,

00:36:36.640 --> 00:36:38.000
 considered answer

00:36:38.000 --> 00:36:39.980
 to Jesus' question,

00:36:40.059 --> 00:36:41.059
 who do you say that I am?

00:36:42.160 --> 00:36:42.760
 And Peter,

00:36:42.940 --> 00:36:43.559
 as a representative

00:36:43.559 --> 00:36:44.039
 of the 12,

00:36:44.160 --> 00:36:44.400
 says,

00:36:44.519 --> 00:36:46.099
 you are the Christ,

00:36:46.220 --> 00:36:48.500
 the Son of the living God.

00:36:48.500 --> 00:36:48.539
 God,

00:36:49.059 --> 00:36:51.500
 it's an awe-inspiring moment.

00:36:53.380 --> 00:36:54.000
 It's like a,

00:36:54.000 --> 00:36:55.940
 it's like a thunderclap

00:36:55.940 --> 00:36:58.340
 that rips and peels open

00:36:58.340 --> 00:36:59.639
 the heavens to reveal

00:36:59.639 --> 00:37:01.579
 who Jesus really is

00:37:01.579 --> 00:37:03.039
 to all of us.

00:37:06.519 --> 00:37:09.139
 And I think Son of God

00:37:09.139 --> 00:37:10.920
 is not merely a metaphor anymore,

00:37:12.440 --> 00:37:13.500
 a messianic title for,

00:37:13.500 --> 00:37:14.420
 for a king,

00:37:14.820 --> 00:37:15.679
 the king of Israel,

00:37:15.820 --> 00:37:16.659
 king of Judah.

00:37:18.900 --> 00:37:19.340
 No,

00:37:19.420 --> 00:37:20.980
 because Jesus said earlier

00:37:20.980 --> 00:37:22.000
 in Matthew chapter 11,

00:37:22.099 --> 00:37:22.599
 27,

00:37:22.960 --> 00:37:25.099
 all things have been handed over

00:37:25.099 --> 00:37:26.340
 to me by my Father.

00:37:27.219 --> 00:37:29.000
 And no one knows the Son

00:37:29.000 --> 00:37:29.980
 except the Father,

00:37:30.400 --> 00:37:31.960
 and no one knows the Father

00:37:31.960 --> 00:37:33.219
 except the Son,

00:37:33.440 --> 00:37:34.880
 and anyone to whom

00:37:34.880 --> 00:37:36.639
 the Son chooses to reveal Him.

00:37:36.639 --> 00:37:40.379
 who dares to talk like that?

00:37:43.339 --> 00:37:45.799
 That He has exclusive knowledge

00:37:45.799 --> 00:37:46.759
 of God the Father?

00:37:47.339 --> 00:37:48.299
 That He has the authority

00:37:48.299 --> 00:37:49.879
 to reveal the things

00:37:49.879 --> 00:37:51.219
 that have been handed over to Him

00:37:51.219 --> 00:37:52.679
 by His Father?

00:37:53.940 --> 00:37:55.259
 What manner of man

00:37:55.259 --> 00:37:56.599
 talks like that?

00:37:57.579 --> 00:37:58.579
 Who dares to say,

00:37:59.199 --> 00:38:00.639
 all things have been handed over

00:38:00.639 --> 00:38:01.539
 to me by my Father?

00:38:01.819 --> 00:38:03.000
 What do you mean all things?

00:38:04.259 --> 00:38:05.900
 God the Father is a sovereign ruler

00:38:05.900 --> 00:38:06.940
 and creator of the heavens

00:38:06.940 --> 00:38:07.480
 and the earth.

00:38:07.780 --> 00:38:09.780
 All authority in heaven and earth

00:38:09.780 --> 00:38:10.619
 resides with Him.

00:38:10.920 --> 00:38:11.579
 And you're saying,

00:38:11.780 --> 00:38:13.539
 all things have been handed over

00:38:13.539 --> 00:38:15.280
 to you by your Father.

00:38:18.139 --> 00:38:19.559
 This profession of faith

00:38:19.559 --> 00:38:21.680
 is more than affirming

00:38:21.680 --> 00:38:24.400
 a metaphor of Jesus

00:38:24.400 --> 00:38:25.480
 being the Son of God,

00:38:25.559 --> 00:38:25.960
 a king.

00:38:26.480 --> 00:38:27.280
 No, He's saying,

00:38:27.280 --> 00:38:30.160
 you are the Son of the living God.

00:38:31.980 --> 00:38:33.720
 Like an actual son.

00:38:33.719 --> 00:38:36.599
 The only begotten Son.

00:38:39.599 --> 00:38:41.279
 And this profession of faith

00:38:41.279 --> 00:38:43.759
 elicits an amazing commendation

00:38:43.759 --> 00:38:45.719
 from Jesus in verse 17.

00:38:46.199 --> 00:38:47.059
 Blessed are you,

00:38:47.219 --> 00:38:48.139
 Simon Bar-Jonah,

00:38:48.199 --> 00:38:49.059
 for flesh and blood

00:38:49.059 --> 00:38:50.319
 has not revealed this to you,

00:38:50.359 --> 00:38:51.059
 but my Father

00:38:51.059 --> 00:38:52.819
 who is in heaven.

00:38:53.539 --> 00:38:54.919
 Bar-Jonah simply means

00:38:54.919 --> 00:38:56.719
 it's Aramaic for son of Jonah,

00:38:57.099 --> 00:38:58.619
 which is Peter's dad's name.

00:38:58.819 --> 00:39:00.339
 Also rendered John

00:39:00.339 --> 00:39:01.179
 in other places.

00:39:01.679 --> 00:39:02.519
 In John 1.42,

00:39:02.519 --> 00:39:03.219
 he's called John.

00:39:03.679 --> 00:39:04.480
 John-Jonah,

00:39:04.659 --> 00:39:05.059
 variations.

00:39:05.679 --> 00:39:06.639
 And notice that Jesus

00:39:06.639 --> 00:39:08.519
 doesn't pat Peter on the back

00:39:08.519 --> 00:39:09.219
 saying,

00:39:10.239 --> 00:39:11.219
 attaboy.

00:39:12.139 --> 00:39:12.380
 You know,

00:39:13.280 --> 00:39:14.739
 I knew you were

00:39:14.739 --> 00:39:15.920
 the smart one of the bunch.

00:39:17.139 --> 00:39:18.980
 That's why I made you first one.

00:39:21.579 --> 00:39:22.940
 No, Jesus says,

00:39:23.940 --> 00:39:25.820
 for flesh and blood

00:39:25.820 --> 00:39:27.900
 has not revealed this to you,

00:39:27.900 --> 00:39:29.420
 but my Father

00:39:29.420 --> 00:39:30.340
 who is in heaven.

00:39:33.180 --> 00:39:35.180
 Jesus does not credit Peter

00:39:35.180 --> 00:39:36.340
 with this realization

00:39:36.340 --> 00:39:38.740
 by his own brilliant reasoning

00:39:38.740 --> 00:39:40.300
 and diligent study.

00:39:41.360 --> 00:39:42.840
 No, this truth

00:39:42.840 --> 00:39:44.700
 was revealed to him

00:39:44.700 --> 00:39:47.119
 by God the Father.

00:39:48.579 --> 00:39:49.920
 It's hard to overstate

00:39:49.920 --> 00:39:50.960
 the importance of this truth.

00:39:50.960 --> 00:39:51.980
 Christianity

00:39:51.980 --> 00:39:54.619
 is a religion

00:39:54.619 --> 00:39:55.960
 founded on revelation,

00:39:56.960 --> 00:39:58.360
 something that God himself

00:39:58.360 --> 00:39:59.159
 has disclosed

00:39:59.159 --> 00:40:01.240
 and revealed to us.

00:40:01.480 --> 00:40:02.400
 It is not

00:40:02.400 --> 00:40:05.320
 a product of human research,

00:40:06.300 --> 00:40:06.860
 ingenuity,

00:40:07.699 --> 00:40:08.300
 discovery,

00:40:08.840 --> 00:40:09.659
 or enlightenment.

00:40:09.659 --> 00:40:09.859
 enlightenment.

00:40:12.019 --> 00:40:13.019
 This is why

00:40:13.019 --> 00:40:14.099
 you can find people

00:40:14.099 --> 00:40:15.319
 who have PhDs

00:40:15.319 --> 00:40:16.139
 in Bible and theology

00:40:16.139 --> 00:40:18.039
 who have not a shred of faith

00:40:18.039 --> 00:40:19.199
 in the living God.

00:40:20.219 --> 00:40:21.359
 You don't arrive

00:40:21.359 --> 00:40:22.359
 at the knowledge of God

00:40:22.359 --> 00:40:23.599
 by human effort.

00:40:25.440 --> 00:40:26.379
 That knowledge

00:40:26.379 --> 00:40:28.259
 must be revealed by God

00:40:28.259 --> 00:40:29.639
 so that we might receive it.

00:40:31.599 --> 00:40:33.000
 1 Corinthians 1.14

00:40:33.000 --> 00:40:33.259
 says,

00:40:33.639 --> 00:40:34.299
 spiritual truths

00:40:34.299 --> 00:40:35.659
 are spiritually discerned

00:40:36.379 --> 00:40:37.799
 and the natural person

00:40:37.799 --> 00:40:38.739
 apart from the help

00:40:38.739 --> 00:40:39.199
 of the Spirit

00:40:39.199 --> 00:40:39.919
 enabling power

00:40:39.919 --> 00:40:40.639
 of the Holy Spirit

00:40:40.639 --> 00:40:42.159
 cannot understand

00:40:42.159 --> 00:40:43.559
 divine revelation.

00:40:45.879 --> 00:40:47.460
 That calls for a posture

00:40:47.460 --> 00:40:48.480
 for us

00:40:48.480 --> 00:40:49.139
 of humility,

00:40:49.659 --> 00:40:50.799
 of prayerful dependence,

00:40:51.139 --> 00:40:52.039
 and gratitude

00:40:52.039 --> 00:40:52.819
 toward God.

00:40:54.460 --> 00:40:55.980
 We know God

00:40:55.980 --> 00:40:57.139
 and we can call upon him

00:40:57.139 --> 00:40:58.079
 as our Heavenly Father

00:40:58.079 --> 00:40:59.480
 not because of our

00:40:59.480 --> 00:41:00.980
 superior intelligence

00:41:00.980 --> 00:41:02.659
 or superior diligence

00:41:02.659 --> 00:41:03.879
 compared to other people

00:41:03.879 --> 00:41:04.819
 who search for the truth,

00:41:05.039 --> 00:41:06.239
 but because God

00:41:06.239 --> 00:41:07.359
 in his sovereign grace

00:41:07.359 --> 00:41:09.139
 has revealed himself to us.

00:41:09.199 --> 00:41:12.079
 we cannot persuade

00:41:12.079 --> 00:41:13.079
 a single person

00:41:13.079 --> 00:41:13.619
 in the world

00:41:13.619 --> 00:41:15.059
 to trust in Jesus Christ

00:41:15.059 --> 00:41:16.019
 and become a follower

00:41:16.019 --> 00:41:16.480
 of Christ

00:41:16.480 --> 00:41:17.579
 with the sheer force

00:41:17.579 --> 00:41:18.759
 of logic or eloquence.

00:41:18.879 --> 00:41:19.980
 Not a single one.

00:41:20.719 --> 00:41:23.000
 Only supernatural revelation

00:41:23.000 --> 00:41:22.980
!

00:41:22.980 --> 00:41:24.900
 makes someone born again

00:41:24.900 --> 00:41:26.219
 through faith in Jesus Christ.

00:41:29.219 --> 00:41:30.039
 And then Jesus

00:41:30.039 --> 00:41:30.880
 follows that up

00:41:30.880 --> 00:41:31.900
 with this commendation

00:41:31.900 --> 00:41:33.440
 up with an amazing promise

00:41:33.440 --> 00:41:34.599
 in verses 18 to 19.

00:41:34.699 --> 00:41:35.400
 And I tell you,

00:41:35.699 --> 00:41:36.480
 you are Peter

00:41:36.480 --> 00:41:37.460
 and on this rock

00:41:37.460 --> 00:41:38.659
 I will build my church

00:41:38.659 --> 00:41:39.860
 and the gates of hell

00:41:39.860 --> 00:41:41.380
 shall not prevail against it.

00:41:41.519 --> 00:41:42.619
 I will give you the keys

00:41:42.619 --> 00:41:43.519
 of the kingdom of heaven

00:41:43.519 --> 00:41:45.079
 and whatever you bind on earth

00:41:45.079 --> 00:41:45.980
 shall be bound in heaven

00:41:45.980 --> 00:41:47.099
 and whatever you lose on earth

00:41:47.099 --> 00:41:48.820
 shall be loosed in heaven.

00:41:48.820 --> 00:41:50.600
 And these two verses

00:41:50.600 --> 00:41:51.920
 have been the subject

00:41:51.920 --> 00:41:52.980
 of much debate

00:41:52.980 --> 00:41:53.740
 throughout church history.

00:41:55.500 --> 00:41:56.920
 The Catholic Church

00:41:56.920 --> 00:41:57.780
 uses this verse

00:41:57.780 --> 00:41:59.740
 to justify the Roman papacy,

00:42:00.559 --> 00:42:01.480
 the office of Pope,

00:42:02.240 --> 00:42:03.059
 and the argument

00:42:03.059 --> 00:42:04.039
 goes like this.

00:42:04.580 --> 00:42:05.240
 The name

00:42:05.240 --> 00:42:06.600
 that Jesus gives

00:42:06.600 --> 00:42:07.380
 Simon

00:42:07.380 --> 00:42:08.440
 in this passage,

00:42:08.600 --> 00:42:08.960
 Peter,

00:42:09.720 --> 00:42:11.080
 means rock.

00:42:12.480 --> 00:42:14.120
 Immediately after

00:42:14.120 --> 00:42:15.260
 renaming Peter,

00:42:15.380 --> 00:42:15.900
 I know you've seen

00:42:15.900 --> 00:42:16.360
 the name Peter

00:42:16.360 --> 00:42:17.260
 before in the Gospels,

00:42:17.360 --> 00:42:18.059
 but he's already

00:42:18.059 --> 00:42:19.240
 anticipating this event,

00:42:19.400 --> 00:42:19.660
 Matthew,

00:42:19.780 --> 00:42:20.300
 as he writes.

00:42:21.680 --> 00:42:22.380
 Immediately after

00:42:22.380 --> 00:42:22.940
 Jesus says,

00:42:23.039 --> 00:42:23.680
 I tell you,

00:42:23.740 --> 00:42:24.559
 you are Peter,

00:42:25.320 --> 00:42:26.320
 Jesus goes on to say,

00:42:26.480 --> 00:42:27.980
 and on this rock

00:42:27.980 --> 00:42:30.220
 I will build my church.

00:42:31.360 --> 00:42:32.880
 Jesus seems to be saying

00:42:32.880 --> 00:42:34.260
 that he will build

00:42:34.260 --> 00:42:36.099
 the church on Peter.

00:42:37.840 --> 00:42:38.720
 Jesus continues

00:42:38.720 --> 00:42:39.760
 in verse 19,

00:42:40.079 --> 00:42:40.880
 I will give you

00:42:40.880 --> 00:42:41.900
 the keys of the kingdom

00:42:41.900 --> 00:42:42.300
 of heaven

00:42:42.300 --> 00:42:43.079
 and whatever you bind

00:42:43.079 --> 00:42:43.320
 on earth

00:42:43.320 --> 00:42:44.019
 shall be bound in heaven

00:42:44.019 --> 00:42:44.660
 and whatever you lose

00:42:44.660 --> 00:42:44.920
 on earth

00:42:44.920 --> 00:42:45.780
 shall be loosed in heaven.

00:42:46.360 --> 00:42:47.180
 And here,

00:42:47.539 --> 00:42:48.519
 that second person

00:42:48.519 --> 00:42:49.200
 pronoun,

00:42:49.480 --> 00:42:49.700
 you,

00:42:50.039 --> 00:42:50.900
 is singular,

00:42:51.680 --> 00:42:52.800
 meaning Jesus is speaking

00:42:52.800 --> 00:42:54.740
 individually to Peter.

00:42:55.680 --> 00:42:56.660
 This is what we call

00:42:56.660 --> 00:42:58.340
 the power of the keys,

00:42:58.960 --> 00:42:59.620
 the authority

00:42:59.620 --> 00:43:00.780
 to include

00:43:00.780 --> 00:43:02.420
 and to exclude

00:43:02.420 --> 00:43:03.559
 people from

00:43:03.559 --> 00:43:04.620
 church membership

00:43:04.620 --> 00:43:05.800
 and by implication

00:43:05.800 --> 00:43:06.760
 membership

00:43:06.760 --> 00:43:07.820
 in the kingdom

00:43:07.820 --> 00:43:08.700
 of heaven itself.

00:43:10.320 --> 00:43:11.480
 This is an allusion

00:43:11.480 --> 00:43:12.480
 to Isaiah 22,

00:43:12.579 --> 00:43:13.280
 20 to 22,

00:43:13.400 --> 00:43:14.300
 where God declares

00:43:14.300 --> 00:43:15.640
 that he will make

00:43:15.640 --> 00:43:17.539
 Eliakim a steward

00:43:17.539 --> 00:43:18.100
 of the kingdom

00:43:18.100 --> 00:43:18.640
 of David

00:43:18.640 --> 00:43:19.600
 and give him

00:43:19.600 --> 00:43:20.780
 the key of the house

00:43:20.780 --> 00:43:21.160
 of David

00:43:21.160 --> 00:43:22.480
 so that he shall open

00:43:22.480 --> 00:43:23.880
 and none shall shut

00:43:23.880 --> 00:43:25.039
 and he shall shut

00:43:25.039 --> 00:43:26.240
 and none shall open.

00:43:27.039 --> 00:43:28.120
 That prophecy

00:43:28.120 --> 00:43:29.300
 is first and foremost

00:43:29.300 --> 00:43:31.080
 fulfilled by Jesus himself

00:43:31.080 --> 00:43:32.780
 and that's why

00:43:32.780 --> 00:43:33.640
 in Revelation 3,

00:43:33.740 --> 00:43:34.220
 7 to 8,

00:43:34.280 --> 00:43:35.300
 Jesus says to the church

00:43:35.300 --> 00:43:35.940
 in Philadelphia,

00:43:36.420 --> 00:43:37.780
 the words of the Holy One,

00:43:37.840 --> 00:43:38.500
 the true one,

00:43:38.560 --> 00:43:40.039
 who has the key of David,

00:43:40.039 --> 00:43:41.619
 who opens

00:43:41.619 --> 00:43:42.719
 and no one will shut

00:43:42.719 --> 00:43:43.480
 and who shuts

00:43:43.480 --> 00:43:44.519
 and no one opens.

00:43:44.739 --> 00:43:45.659
 I know your works.

00:43:45.759 --> 00:43:46.079
 Behold,

00:43:46.159 --> 00:43:47.219
 I have set before you

00:43:47.219 --> 00:43:47.880
 an open door

00:43:47.880 --> 00:43:48.840
 which no one is able

00:43:48.840 --> 00:43:49.380
 to shut.

00:43:49.860 --> 00:43:51.380
 So Jesus is the ultimate

00:43:51.380 --> 00:43:52.480
 and first fulfillment

00:43:52.480 --> 00:43:53.619
 of that prophecy.

00:43:54.420 --> 00:43:55.039
 He's the one

00:43:55.039 --> 00:43:56.019
 who holds ultimately

00:43:56.019 --> 00:43:56.880
 the key of David.

00:43:57.219 --> 00:43:57.539
 However,

00:43:57.779 --> 00:43:58.739
 here Jesus seems

00:43:58.739 --> 00:44:00.119
 to be delegating

00:44:00.119 --> 00:44:00.779
 that authority

00:44:00.779 --> 00:44:02.340
 to Peter.

00:44:04.000 --> 00:44:04.519
 Now,

00:44:04.599 --> 00:44:05.099
 I agree

00:44:05.099 --> 00:44:06.400
 with the Catholics

00:44:06.400 --> 00:44:08.259
 that Jesus is speaking

00:44:08.260 --> 00:44:09.020
 to Peter here

00:44:09.020 --> 00:44:10.300
 and that Peter

00:44:10.300 --> 00:44:11.600
 is the rock

00:44:11.600 --> 00:44:12.960
 that Jesus is speaking of.

00:44:13.520 --> 00:44:14.220
 The name Peter,

00:44:14.320 --> 00:44:14.620
 I said,

00:44:14.700 --> 00:44:15.880
 literally means rock

00:44:15.880 --> 00:44:16.960
 so it's like Jesus saying,

00:44:17.220 --> 00:44:17.400
 Peter,

00:44:17.800 --> 00:44:18.060
 sorry,

00:44:18.280 --> 00:44:18.540
 not Peter,

00:44:18.780 --> 00:44:19.060
 Simon,

00:44:19.620 --> 00:44:20.540
 from now on

00:44:20.540 --> 00:44:21.640
 your name is Rocky

00:44:21.640 --> 00:44:24.460
 and I built my church

00:44:24.460 --> 00:44:25.140
 on rock,

00:44:25.500 --> 00:44:26.400
 on this.

00:44:27.400 --> 00:44:27.720
 And so,

00:44:27.980 --> 00:44:28.180
 like,

00:44:28.480 --> 00:44:29.000
 it comes,

00:44:29.080 --> 00:44:29.920
 the logical sequence

00:44:29.920 --> 00:44:31.320
 is really hard to dispute

00:44:31.320 --> 00:44:32.980
 and there's an unmistakable

00:44:32.980 --> 00:44:34.200
 reciprocity here too.

00:44:34.320 --> 00:44:34.820
 Peter says,

00:44:35.180 --> 00:44:36.260
 you are the Christ,

00:44:36.540 --> 00:44:37.020
 he declares,

00:44:37.160 --> 00:44:37.880
 you are the Christ,

00:44:37.880 --> 00:44:38.840
 the son of the living God

00:44:38.840 --> 00:44:40.119
 and then Jesus turns to him

00:44:40.119 --> 00:44:40.440
 and says,

00:44:40.700 --> 00:44:41.079
 I say,

00:44:41.200 --> 00:44:42.240
 you are Peter,

00:44:42.640 --> 00:44:43.460
 you are rock.

00:44:46.059 --> 00:44:47.200
 Based on that profession

00:44:47.200 --> 00:44:47.559
 of faith

00:44:47.559 --> 00:44:48.340
 that you just gave,

00:44:48.420 --> 00:44:49.160
 I will now build

00:44:49.160 --> 00:44:49.720
 my church

00:44:49.720 --> 00:44:50.760
 on you.

00:44:55.380 --> 00:44:55.820
 So,

00:44:56.480 --> 00:44:57.200
 Jesus is,

00:44:57.340 --> 00:44:58.380
 according prominent

00:44:58.380 --> 00:44:59.460
 authority to Peter

00:44:59.460 --> 00:45:00.059
 as the leader

00:45:00.059 --> 00:45:00.900
 of the twelve apostles,

00:45:01.340 --> 00:45:02.720
 he will be the tip

00:45:02.720 --> 00:45:03.619
 of the spear,

00:45:04.700 --> 00:45:05.559
 to use an analogy,

00:45:05.820 --> 00:45:06.900
 as the kingdom

00:45:06.900 --> 00:45:08.000
 of heaven advances

00:45:08.000 --> 00:45:09.380
 in the book

00:45:09.380 --> 00:45:09.860
 of Acts.

00:45:11.139 --> 00:45:12.639
 Who is preaching

00:45:12.639 --> 00:45:13.380
 the gospel

00:45:13.380 --> 00:45:14.000
 of Jesus Christ

00:45:14.000 --> 00:45:14.740
 at Pentecost

00:45:14.740 --> 00:45:15.380
 when the Holy Spirit

00:45:15.380 --> 00:45:16.380
 first falls upon

00:45:16.380 --> 00:45:16.760
 the Jews

00:45:16.760 --> 00:45:17.660
 in Acts chapter 2?

00:45:18.820 --> 00:45:19.200
 Peter.

00:45:21.160 --> 00:45:22.639
 When the Samaritans

00:45:22.639 --> 00:45:23.760
 first receive

00:45:23.760 --> 00:45:24.579
 the word of God,

00:45:25.220 --> 00:45:26.200
 whom do the apostles

00:45:26.200 --> 00:45:26.980
 of Jerusalem

00:45:26.980 --> 00:45:28.360
 send to them

00:45:28.360 --> 00:45:28.940
 so that they might

00:45:28.940 --> 00:45:29.660
 pray over them

00:45:29.660 --> 00:45:30.280
 and so that they might

00:45:30.280 --> 00:45:30.900
 also receive

00:45:30.900 --> 00:45:31.539
 the Holy Spirit?

00:45:32.539 --> 00:45:32.960
 Peter

00:45:32.960 --> 00:45:34.480
 and John.

00:45:34.480 --> 00:45:35.699
 So,

00:45:35.940 --> 00:45:36.780
 not just Peter.

00:45:38.340 --> 00:45:39.619
 When does the Holy Spirit

00:45:39.619 --> 00:45:40.519
 first fall upon

00:45:40.519 --> 00:45:41.340
 the Gentiles?

00:45:42.139 --> 00:45:42.940
 When Peter

00:45:42.940 --> 00:45:44.300
 goes to the house

00:45:44.300 --> 00:45:45.840
 of Cornelius the Centurion

00:45:45.840 --> 00:45:46.880
 and ministers to them

00:45:46.880 --> 00:45:47.360
 and preaches

00:45:47.360 --> 00:45:48.139
 the gospel to them.

00:45:49.559 --> 00:45:49.980
 So,

00:45:50.079 --> 00:45:50.860
 I heartily affirm

00:45:50.860 --> 00:45:51.300
 that Peter

00:45:51.300 --> 00:45:52.880
 is prominent.

00:45:53.019 --> 00:45:53.400
 He's the tip

00:45:53.400 --> 00:45:53.840
 of the spear.

00:45:53.940 --> 00:45:54.940
 He lays the foundation

00:45:54.940 --> 00:45:55.920
 of the church

00:45:55.920 --> 00:45:56.420
 of Christ.

00:45:56.960 --> 00:45:57.579
 With that said,

00:45:57.619 --> 00:45:58.280
 I disagree

00:45:58.280 --> 00:46:00.119
 on a number of points

00:46:00.119 --> 00:46:00.760
 decisively

00:46:00.760 --> 00:46:02.040
 with the Catholics.

00:46:02.840 --> 00:46:03.060
 Yes,

00:46:03.180 --> 00:46:03.980
 Peter does have

00:46:03.980 --> 00:46:04.920
 a foundational role

00:46:04.920 --> 00:46:06.340
 but this is a role

00:46:06.340 --> 00:46:06.980
 that is given

00:46:06.980 --> 00:46:08.040
 not exclusively

00:46:08.040 --> 00:46:09.080
 to Peter

00:46:09.080 --> 00:46:10.180
 but collectively

00:46:10.180 --> 00:46:11.420
 to the twelve apostles

00:46:11.420 --> 00:46:12.280
 of Jesus Christ.

00:46:13.620 --> 00:46:14.720
 Jesus singles out

00:46:14.720 --> 00:46:15.060
 Peter

00:46:15.060 --> 00:46:16.060
 because he is

00:46:16.060 --> 00:46:16.840
 the representative

00:46:16.840 --> 00:46:17.440
 leader

00:46:17.440 --> 00:46:18.200
 and the spokesperson

00:46:18.200 --> 00:46:18.980
 of the twelve.

00:46:19.420 --> 00:46:20.100
 He's the first

00:46:20.100 --> 00:46:20.760
 among equals.

00:46:21.700 --> 00:46:22.800
 But he's not

00:46:22.800 --> 00:46:23.280
 the only one

00:46:23.280 --> 00:46:24.040
 who holds this power

00:46:24.040 --> 00:46:24.420
 of the key

00:46:24.420 --> 00:46:25.440
 and that is precisely

00:46:25.440 --> 00:46:27.000
 why the exact

00:46:27.000 --> 00:46:28.000
 same power

00:46:28.000 --> 00:46:28.520
 of the keys

00:46:28.520 --> 00:46:29.340
 is given

00:46:29.340 --> 00:46:30.180
 to all

00:46:30.180 --> 00:46:31.120
 of the apostles

00:46:31.120 --> 00:46:32.260
 and indeed

00:46:32.260 --> 00:46:34.039
 to the whole church

00:46:34.039 --> 00:46:36.240
 in Matthew 18.

00:46:37.059 --> 00:46:38.260
 Speaking of the process

00:46:38.260 --> 00:46:39.180
 of church discipline

00:46:39.180 --> 00:46:41.100
 and excommunication

00:46:41.100 --> 00:46:44.400
 sorry,

00:46:44.480 --> 00:46:44.660
 I don't know

00:46:44.660 --> 00:46:45.160
 what just happened.

00:46:45.860 --> 00:46:46.780
 Jesus says

00:46:46.780 --> 00:46:47.740
 in Matthew 18

00:46:47.740 --> 00:46:48.579
 17 to 18

00:46:48.579 --> 00:46:49.400
 that if a person

00:46:49.400 --> 00:46:50.039
 who claims

00:46:50.039 --> 00:46:50.720
 to be a Christian

00:46:50.720 --> 00:46:51.480
 and persists

00:46:51.480 --> 00:46:52.079
 in sin

00:46:52.079 --> 00:46:53.019
 and refuses to repent

00:46:53.019 --> 00:46:54.140
 we must confront

00:46:54.140 --> 00:46:54.880
 them one on one

00:46:54.880 --> 00:46:55.420
 and then if they

00:46:55.420 --> 00:46:55.920
 don't listen

00:46:55.920 --> 00:46:56.880
 you bring one

00:46:56.880 --> 00:46:57.480
 or two others

00:46:57.480 --> 00:46:57.880
 with you

00:46:57.880 --> 00:46:58.260
 so that

00:46:58.260 --> 00:46:59.400
 the testimony

00:46:59.400 --> 00:47:00.040
 may be established

00:47:00.040 --> 00:47:00.860
 on the testimony

00:47:00.860 --> 00:47:01.480
 of two and three

00:47:01.480 --> 00:47:01.900
 witnesses

00:47:01.900 --> 00:47:03.440
 and then he says

00:47:03.440 --> 00:47:04.000
 if they still

00:47:04.000 --> 00:47:04.700
 refuse to listen

00:47:04.700 --> 00:47:05.460
 we must tell it

00:47:05.460 --> 00:47:05.960
 to the church.

00:47:06.040 --> 00:47:06.520
 I think I have

00:47:06.520 --> 00:47:06.960
 this passage

00:47:06.960 --> 00:47:07.460
 to show

00:47:07.460 --> 00:47:09.620
 and if he refuses

00:47:09.620 --> 00:47:10.220
 to listen

00:47:10.220 --> 00:47:11.540
 even to the church

00:47:11.540 --> 00:47:12.720
 let him be to you

00:47:12.720 --> 00:47:13.660
 as a Gentile

00:47:13.660 --> 00:47:14.480
 and a tax collector.

00:47:15.020 --> 00:47:15.840
 Truly I say to you

00:47:15.840 --> 00:47:17.180
 whatever you bind

00:47:17.180 --> 00:47:17.800
 on earth

00:47:17.800 --> 00:47:18.540
 shall be bound

00:47:18.540 --> 00:47:19.200
 in heaven.

00:47:19.540 --> 00:47:20.520
 Whatever you lose

00:47:20.520 --> 00:47:20.920
 on earth

00:47:20.920 --> 00:47:21.940
 shall be loosed

00:47:21.940 --> 00:47:22.380
 in heaven.

00:47:22.780 --> 00:47:23.760
 Again I say to you

00:47:23.760 --> 00:47:24.360
 if two of you

00:47:24.360 --> 00:47:25.040
 agree on earth

00:47:25.040 --> 00:47:25.640
 about anything

00:47:25.640 --> 00:47:26.260
 they ask

00:47:26.260 --> 00:47:27.160
 it will be done

00:47:27.160 --> 00:47:27.540
 for them

00:47:27.540 --> 00:47:28.400
 by my father

00:47:28.400 --> 00:47:29.280
 in heaven.

00:47:30.300 --> 00:47:30.980
 It's the same

00:47:30.980 --> 00:47:31.860
 power of the keys

00:47:31.860 --> 00:47:33.000
 exact same

00:47:33.000 --> 00:47:33.380
 wording

00:47:33.380 --> 00:47:33.980
 and phrasing

00:47:33.980 --> 00:47:35.860
 but this time

00:47:35.860 --> 00:47:37.020
 the second person

00:47:37.020 --> 00:47:37.760
 pronoun you

00:47:37.760 --> 00:47:39.140
 is plural

00:47:39.140 --> 00:47:41.040
 because Jesus

00:47:41.040 --> 00:47:41.480
 is speaking

00:47:41.480 --> 00:47:42.780
 not only to Peter

00:47:42.780 --> 00:47:43.320
 who holds

00:47:43.320 --> 00:47:44.040
 exclusively

00:47:44.040 --> 00:47:44.540
 the power

00:47:44.540 --> 00:47:44.900
 of the key

00:47:44.900 --> 00:47:45.540
 but because

00:47:45.540 --> 00:47:46.480
 all twelve

00:47:46.480 --> 00:47:47.560
 apostles of Jesus

00:47:47.560 --> 00:47:48.520
 holds the power

00:47:48.520 --> 00:47:49.240
 of the key

00:47:49.240 --> 00:47:50.240
 and by extension

00:47:50.240 --> 00:47:50.980
 they lay the

00:47:50.980 --> 00:47:51.780
 foundation of the church

00:47:51.780 --> 00:47:52.540
 and the church

00:47:52.540 --> 00:47:53.000
 of Christ

00:47:53.000 --> 00:47:54.340
 holds the power

00:47:54.340 --> 00:47:55.500
 of the key.

00:47:57.340 --> 00:47:58.120
 That's why

00:47:58.120 --> 00:47:59.480
 in the gathering

00:47:59.480 --> 00:47:59.880
 of the church

00:47:59.880 --> 00:48:00.620
 we exercise

00:48:00.620 --> 00:48:01.460
 church discipline

00:48:01.460 --> 00:48:02.000
 together

00:48:02.000 --> 00:48:03.100
 to bind

00:48:03.100 --> 00:48:03.760
 and to loosen.

00:48:04.579 --> 00:48:05.120
 This is why

00:48:05.120 --> 00:48:06.180
 Ephesians 2.20

00:48:06.180 --> 00:48:06.980
 says that the church

00:48:06.980 --> 00:48:07.480
 of Christ

00:48:07.480 --> 00:48:08.079
 is built

00:48:08.079 --> 00:48:09.360
 on the foundation

00:48:09.360 --> 00:48:11.100
 of the apostles

00:48:11.100 --> 00:48:11.780
 and prophets.

00:48:13.720 --> 00:48:14.559
 This is why

00:48:14.559 --> 00:48:16.079
 in Revelation 21.14

00:48:16.079 --> 00:48:17.240
 the heavenly Jerusalem

00:48:17.240 --> 00:48:18.120
 which represents

00:48:18.120 --> 00:48:18.940
 the people of God

00:48:18.940 --> 00:48:20.440
 the church of Christ

00:48:20.440 --> 00:48:22.000
 is included in that

00:48:22.000 --> 00:48:23.019
 it says it has

00:48:23.019 --> 00:48:24.240
 twelve foundations

00:48:24.239 --> 00:48:25.639
 and on them

00:48:25.639 --> 00:48:26.839
 were the twelve

00:48:26.839 --> 00:48:28.059
 names of the twelve

00:48:28.059 --> 00:48:29.399
 apostles of the land.

00:48:30.739 --> 00:48:31.719
 The apostles

00:48:31.719 --> 00:48:32.699
 of Jesus Christ

00:48:32.699 --> 00:48:34.000
 make up the foundation

00:48:34.000 --> 00:48:35.619
 layer of the church

00:48:35.619 --> 00:48:36.119
 of Christ

00:48:36.119 --> 00:48:37.419
 and every subsequent

00:48:37.419 --> 00:48:38.539
 generation builds

00:48:38.539 --> 00:48:39.599
 upon that foundation

00:48:39.599 --> 00:48:40.979
 and not on another

00:48:40.979 --> 00:48:41.539
 foundation

00:48:41.539 --> 00:48:42.419
 and that's why

00:48:42.419 --> 00:48:43.079
 we speak of

00:48:43.079 --> 00:48:44.639
 the apostolic deposit

00:48:44.639 --> 00:48:45.839
 that we hold on to.

00:48:48.359 --> 00:48:49.559
 Nowhere does it say

00:48:49.559 --> 00:48:50.299
 in the Bible

00:48:50.299 --> 00:48:50.899
 or in Matthew

00:48:50.899 --> 00:48:51.379
 anywhere

00:48:51.380 --> 00:48:52.700
 that Peter

00:48:52.700 --> 00:48:54.119
 was the first

00:48:54.119 --> 00:48:54.519
 pope

00:48:54.519 --> 00:48:56.640
 or that Peter

00:48:56.640 --> 00:48:57.680
 will continue

00:48:57.680 --> 00:48:58.500
 to speak

00:48:58.500 --> 00:48:59.500
 after his death

00:48:59.500 --> 00:49:00.860
 through the bishops

00:49:00.860 --> 00:49:01.519
 of Rome.

00:49:04.480 --> 00:49:05.500
 Peter's foundation

00:49:05.500 --> 00:49:05.960
 laying work

00:49:05.960 --> 00:49:06.980
 is already done.

00:49:07.640 --> 00:49:08.500
 He does not continue

00:49:08.500 --> 00:49:09.119
 to function

00:49:09.119 --> 00:49:10.440
 in that way.

00:49:13.380 --> 00:49:14.280
 You would think

00:49:14.280 --> 00:49:14.980
 that if the bishop

00:49:14.980 --> 00:49:15.440
 of Rome

00:49:15.440 --> 00:49:16.059
 was intended

00:49:16.059 --> 00:49:17.700
 by Christ

00:49:17.700 --> 00:49:18.160
 to occupy

00:49:18.160 --> 00:49:18.780
 so prominent

00:49:18.780 --> 00:49:19.140
 a role

00:49:19.140 --> 00:49:20.320
 in the history

00:49:20.320 --> 00:49:21.000
 of the church

00:49:21.000 --> 00:49:22.220
 that you think

00:49:22.220 --> 00:49:22.900
 that Paul

00:49:22.900 --> 00:49:24.180
 writing sixteen

00:49:24.180 --> 00:49:24.660
 chapters

00:49:24.660 --> 00:49:25.380
 in his letter

00:49:25.380 --> 00:49:26.840
 to the Romans

00:49:26.840 --> 00:49:28.019
 would have something

00:49:28.019 --> 00:49:28.800
 to say about it.

00:49:29.160 --> 00:49:29.940
 He says nothing.

00:49:32.500 --> 00:49:33.220
 And when Peter

00:49:33.220 --> 00:49:33.780
 himself

00:49:33.780 --> 00:49:35.860
 addresses himself

00:49:35.860 --> 00:49:36.980
 to the elders

00:49:36.980 --> 00:49:37.540
 that he's writing

00:49:37.540 --> 00:49:38.540
 to in 1 Peter 5

00:49:38.540 --> 00:49:39.140
 verse 1

00:49:39.140 --> 00:49:40.580
 he calls himself

00:49:40.580 --> 00:49:42.280
 not the bishop

00:49:42.280 --> 00:49:42.900
 of bishops

00:49:42.900 --> 00:49:44.600
 or the universal bishop

00:49:44.600 --> 00:49:45.720
 or the pope.

00:49:45.820 --> 00:49:46.519
 No, he says

00:49:46.519 --> 00:49:47.440
 I write to you

00:49:47.440 --> 00:49:48.519
 as a fellow

00:49:48.519 --> 00:49:49.440
 elder.

00:49:53.000 --> 00:49:53.840
 It was not

00:49:53.840 --> 00:49:54.800
 until the fifth

00:49:54.800 --> 00:49:55.340
 century

00:49:55.340 --> 00:49:56.940
 when Leo I

00:49:56.940 --> 00:49:57.659
 argued that

00:49:57.659 --> 00:49:58.500
 the apostle Peter

00:49:58.500 --> 00:49:59.659
 continues to speak

00:49:59.659 --> 00:50:00.219
 through the bishops

00:50:00.219 --> 00:50:00.780
 of Rome

00:50:00.780 --> 00:50:02.480
 that the papacy

00:50:02.480 --> 00:50:03.360
 as we know it

00:50:03.360 --> 00:50:04.440
 came to exist.

00:50:06.619 --> 00:50:07.519
 They say that

00:50:07.519 --> 00:50:07.940
 pope,

00:50:08.039 --> 00:50:08.440
 the popes

00:50:08.440 --> 00:50:09.559
 are the vicar

00:50:09.559 --> 00:50:11.039
 of Christ,

00:50:11.519 --> 00:50:12.360
 the substitute

00:50:12.360 --> 00:50:13.119
 of Christ.

00:50:13.119 --> 00:50:19.519
 until that point

00:50:19.519 --> 00:50:20.519
 of Leo I

00:50:20.519 --> 00:50:21.339
 no one ever

00:50:21.339 --> 00:50:21.859
 claimed that

00:50:21.859 --> 00:50:22.279
 the bishop

00:50:22.279 --> 00:50:22.859
 of Rome

00:50:22.859 --> 00:50:23.980
 is the bishop

00:50:23.980 --> 00:50:24.460
 of bishops,

00:50:24.599 --> 00:50:25.500
 the universal bishop.

00:50:26.059 --> 00:50:26.699
 Sure, Rome

00:50:26.699 --> 00:50:27.359
 was always a

00:50:27.359 --> 00:50:27.960
 prominent city.

00:50:28.059 --> 00:50:28.299
 It was the

00:50:28.299 --> 00:50:29.139
 former imperial

00:50:29.139 --> 00:50:29.659
 capital

00:50:29.659 --> 00:50:30.319
 and because

00:50:30.319 --> 00:50:30.599
 of their

00:50:30.599 --> 00:50:31.079
 prominence

00:50:31.079 --> 00:50:31.480
 they did

00:50:31.480 --> 00:50:31.960
 have some

00:50:31.960 --> 00:50:32.619
 preeminence

00:50:32.619 --> 00:50:33.480
 and outsized

00:50:33.480 --> 00:50:34.059
 influence

00:50:34.059 --> 00:50:34.859
 not unlike

00:50:34.859 --> 00:50:35.440
 the ways

00:50:35.440 --> 00:50:36.079
 sometimes

00:50:36.079 --> 00:50:37.380
 large

00:50:37.380 --> 00:50:38.859
 flagship churches

00:50:38.859 --> 00:50:39.380
 of certain

00:50:39.380 --> 00:50:40.179
 denominations

00:50:40.179 --> 00:50:41.799
 have outsized

00:50:41.799 --> 00:50:42.319
 influence

00:50:42.320 --> 00:50:43.039
 and preeminence

00:50:43.039 --> 00:50:43.519
 among the

00:50:43.519 --> 00:50:43.780
 churches

00:50:43.780 --> 00:50:44.080
 that they

00:50:44.080 --> 00:50:44.400
 are equal

00:50:44.400 --> 00:50:44.700
 to.

00:50:48.800 --> 00:50:50.340
 But still

00:50:50.340 --> 00:50:50.840
 the bishop

00:50:50.840 --> 00:50:51.200
 of Rome

00:50:51.200 --> 00:50:51.519
 was still

00:50:51.519 --> 00:50:52.140
 one of

00:50:52.140 --> 00:50:52.960
 many bishops.

00:50:55.440 --> 00:50:55.960
 Sometimes

00:50:55.960 --> 00:50:56.340
 Christians

00:50:56.340 --> 00:50:57.059
 find the idea

00:50:57.059 --> 00:50:57.500
 of having

00:50:57.500 --> 00:50:58.019
 a single

00:50:58.019 --> 00:50:58.480
 leader,

00:50:58.920 --> 00:50:59.500
 a singular

00:50:59.500 --> 00:51:00.120
 authority

00:51:00.120 --> 00:51:00.940
 as the head

00:51:00.940 --> 00:51:01.400
 of the

00:51:01.400 --> 00:51:01.840
 church of

00:51:01.840 --> 00:51:02.240
 Christ

00:51:02.240 --> 00:51:03.200
 appealing.

00:51:04.220 --> 00:51:04.900
 They think

00:51:04.900 --> 00:51:05.260
 oh then

00:51:05.260 --> 00:51:05.700
 maybe we'll

00:51:05.700 --> 00:51:06.080
 have more

00:51:06.080 --> 00:51:06.559
 unity.

00:51:07.900 --> 00:51:08.059
 Maybe

00:51:08.059 --> 00:51:08.800
 they can

00:51:08.800 --> 00:51:09.340
 ensure

00:51:09.340 --> 00:51:09.900
 fidelity

00:51:09.900 --> 00:51:10.400
 to biblical

00:51:10.400 --> 00:51:10.820
 teaching

00:51:10.820 --> 00:51:11.700
 but this

00:51:11.699 --> 00:51:11.839
 is

00:51:11.839 --> 00:51:12.519
 demonstrably

00:51:12.519 --> 00:51:12.939
 false.

00:51:14.359 --> 00:51:15.000
 It's like

00:51:15.000 --> 00:51:15.460
 saying that

00:51:15.460 --> 00:51:15.799
 the United

00:51:15.799 --> 00:51:16.239
 States

00:51:16.239 --> 00:51:16.879
 of America

00:51:16.879 --> 00:51:17.239
 is a

00:51:17.239 --> 00:51:17.539
 very

00:51:17.539 --> 00:51:18.179
 united

00:51:18.179 --> 00:51:18.699
 country

00:51:18.699 --> 00:51:19.259
 because

00:51:19.259 --> 00:51:19.659
 we only

00:51:19.659 --> 00:51:19.899
 have

00:51:19.899 --> 00:51:20.139
 one

00:51:20.139 --> 00:51:20.500
 president.

00:51:22.019 --> 00:51:22.539
 No,

00:51:22.619 --> 00:51:22.839
 we are

00:51:22.839 --> 00:51:23.379
 as divided

00:51:23.379 --> 00:51:23.980
 as ever.

00:51:25.739 --> 00:51:26.460
 Ideologically

00:51:26.460 --> 00:51:27.339
 and politically

00:51:27.339 --> 00:51:27.699
 we're

00:51:27.699 --> 00:51:28.419
 splintering

00:51:28.419 --> 00:51:29.139
 in every

00:51:29.139 --> 00:51:29.659
 direction.

00:51:30.379 --> 00:51:31.099
 Governmental

00:51:31.099 --> 00:51:31.460
 unity

00:51:31.460 --> 00:51:32.399
 does not

00:51:32.399 --> 00:51:33.099
 equal

00:51:33.099 --> 00:51:33.960
 doctrinal

00:51:33.960 --> 00:51:34.359
 unity

00:51:34.360 --> 00:51:34.780
 or

00:51:34.780 --> 00:51:35.320
 spiritual

00:51:35.320 --> 00:51:35.720
 unity.

00:51:41.440 --> 00:51:41.980
 I can

00:51:41.980 --> 00:51:42.220
 give you

00:51:42.220 --> 00:51:42.400
 many

00:51:42.400 --> 00:51:42.860
 examples

00:51:42.860 --> 00:51:43.539
 of how

00:51:43.539 --> 00:51:43.720
 this

00:51:43.720 --> 00:51:43.860
 has

00:51:43.860 --> 00:51:43.980
 been

00:51:43.980 --> 00:51:44.280
 true

00:51:44.280 --> 00:51:44.720
 throughout

00:51:44.720 --> 00:51:45.039
 history.

00:51:45.640 --> 00:51:46.079
 There's

00:51:46.079 --> 00:51:46.320
 a book

00:51:46.320 --> 00:51:46.720
 called

00:51:46.720 --> 00:51:47.280
 Bad

00:51:47.280 --> 00:51:47.740
 Popes.

00:51:48.700 --> 00:51:49.300
 You guys

00:51:49.300 --> 00:51:49.640
 can look

00:51:49.640 --> 00:51:50.420
 up and

00:51:50.420 --> 00:51:50.579
 read.

00:51:50.640 --> 00:51:50.880
 It's a

00:51:50.880 --> 00:51:51.140
 scholarly

00:51:51.140 --> 00:51:51.500
 book

00:51:51.500 --> 00:51:52.519
 that I

00:51:52.519 --> 00:51:52.680
 think

00:51:52.680 --> 00:51:52.980
 Catholics

00:51:52.980 --> 00:51:53.320
 have read

00:51:53.320 --> 00:51:53.539
 too

00:51:53.539 --> 00:51:53.980
 so they

00:51:53.980 --> 00:51:54.300
 know.

00:51:57.760 --> 00:51:58.480
 Peter is

00:51:58.480 --> 00:51:58.920
 an important

00:51:58.920 --> 00:51:59.380
 figure in the

00:51:59.380 --> 00:51:59.740
 history of the

00:51:59.740 --> 00:52:00.240
 church and I

00:52:00.240 --> 00:52:00.900
 affirm that

00:52:00.900 --> 00:52:01.320
 without

00:52:01.320 --> 00:52:01.840
 reservation

00:52:01.840 --> 00:52:03.260
 but this

00:52:03.260 --> 00:52:03.940
 passage did

00:52:03.940 --> 00:52:04.480
 not begin

00:52:04.480 --> 00:52:04.820
 with the

00:52:04.820 --> 00:52:05.220
 question

00:52:05.220 --> 00:52:05.980
 who is

00:52:05.980 --> 00:52:06.260
 Peter?

00:52:07.680 --> 00:52:07.920
 No,

00:52:07.960 --> 00:52:08.360
 it began

00:52:08.360 --> 00:52:08.660
 with the

00:52:08.660 --> 00:52:09.059
 question

00:52:09.059 --> 00:52:10.360
 who is

00:52:10.360 --> 00:52:10.880
 Jesus?

00:52:11.880 --> 00:52:12.559
 Who do

00:52:12.559 --> 00:52:12.860
 you say

00:52:12.860 --> 00:52:13.240
 that I

00:52:13.240 --> 00:52:13.480
 am?

00:52:15.200 --> 00:52:15.920
 That's the

00:52:15.920 --> 00:52:16.360
 more important

00:52:16.360 --> 00:52:16.800
 question.

00:52:17.579 --> 00:52:17.940
 In verse

00:52:17.940 --> 00:52:18.380
 18,

00:52:18.500 --> 00:52:19.019
 Jesus doesn't

00:52:19.019 --> 00:52:19.800
 say on

00:52:19.800 --> 00:52:20.460
 this rock

00:52:20.460 --> 00:52:20.780
 I will

00:52:20.780 --> 00:52:21.220
 build

00:52:21.220 --> 00:52:22.000
 Peter's

00:52:22.000 --> 00:52:22.360
 church.

00:52:23.820 --> 00:52:24.440
 No,

00:52:24.480 --> 00:52:24.840
 he says

00:52:24.840 --> 00:52:25.400
 on this

00:52:25.400 --> 00:52:26.280
 rock I

00:52:26.280 --> 00:52:27.140
 will build

00:52:27.140 --> 00:52:27.800
 my

00:52:27.800 --> 00:52:28.200
 church.

00:52:29.220 --> 00:52:29.600
 Jesus

00:52:29.600 --> 00:52:30.100
 is the

00:52:30.100 --> 00:52:30.480
 builder.

00:52:30.900 --> 00:52:31.200
 Jesus

00:52:31.200 --> 00:52:31.820
 is the

00:52:31.820 --> 00:52:32.440
 owner.

00:52:33.440 --> 00:52:33.760
 And that's

00:52:33.760 --> 00:52:34.059
 why,

00:52:34.240 --> 00:52:34.559
 although for

00:52:34.559 --> 00:52:34.900
 the sake

00:52:34.900 --> 00:52:35.500
 of convenience

00:52:35.500 --> 00:52:36.220
 sometimes you

00:52:36.220 --> 00:52:36.500
 and I

00:52:36.500 --> 00:52:36.840
 will say

00:52:36.840 --> 00:52:37.320
 things like,

00:52:37.519 --> 00:52:37.760
 oh yeah,

00:52:37.840 --> 00:52:38.000
 Trinity

00:52:38.000 --> 00:52:38.280
 Cambridge

00:52:38.280 --> 00:52:38.680
 Church is

00:52:38.680 --> 00:52:38.840
 my

00:52:38.840 --> 00:52:39.160
 church.

00:52:40.500 --> 00:52:41.220
 By that

00:52:41.220 --> 00:52:41.720
 we simply

00:52:41.720 --> 00:52:42.180
 mean that

00:52:42.180 --> 00:52:42.539
 that's the

00:52:42.539 --> 00:52:42.900
 church to

00:52:42.900 --> 00:52:43.780
 which we

00:52:43.780 --> 00:52:44.240
 belong.

00:52:46.039 --> 00:52:46.800
 Not that

00:52:46.800 --> 00:52:47.180
 the church

00:52:47.180 --> 00:52:47.760
 belongs to

00:52:47.760 --> 00:52:48.000
 me.

00:52:49.120 --> 00:52:49.440
 No

00:52:49.440 --> 00:52:50.300
 pastor on

00:52:50.300 --> 00:52:50.559
 earth,

00:52:50.780 --> 00:52:51.420
 no bishop

00:52:51.420 --> 00:52:51.940
 on earth,

00:52:52.039 --> 00:52:52.580
 and no

00:52:52.580 --> 00:52:53.240
 pope on

00:52:53.240 --> 00:52:53.660
 earth can

00:52:53.660 --> 00:52:54.320
 claim this

00:52:54.320 --> 00:52:55.080
 is my

00:52:55.080 --> 00:52:55.740
 church because

00:52:55.740 --> 00:52:57.200
 Jesus declares

00:52:57.200 --> 00:52:58.240
 authoritatively

00:52:58.240 --> 00:52:58.539
 here,

00:52:58.860 --> 00:53:00.059
 this is my

00:53:00.059 --> 00:53:00.580
 church.

00:53:00.579 --> 00:53:00.639
 church,

00:53:01.139 --> 00:53:01.960
 the church

00:53:01.960 --> 00:53:02.519
 of Christ.

00:53:03.659 --> 00:53:04.179
 Church,

00:53:04.299 --> 00:53:04.659
 of course,

00:53:04.860 --> 00:53:05.279
 is not

00:53:05.279 --> 00:53:05.659
 referring to

00:53:05.659 --> 00:53:06.119
 a building.

00:53:06.480 --> 00:53:06.880
 It's speaking

00:53:06.880 --> 00:53:07.139
 of the

00:53:07.139 --> 00:53:07.639
 people of

00:53:07.639 --> 00:53:07.880
 God.

00:53:08.059 --> 00:53:08.440
 The word

00:53:08.440 --> 00:53:09.259
 church in

00:53:09.259 --> 00:53:09.880
 Greek means

00:53:09.880 --> 00:53:10.659
 congregation,

00:53:11.319 --> 00:53:11.880
 a gathering.

00:53:13.940 --> 00:53:14.400
 And God

00:53:14.400 --> 00:53:15.119
 gives us,

00:53:15.199 --> 00:53:15.619
 the church,

00:53:15.799 --> 00:53:16.360
 a bracing

00:53:16.360 --> 00:53:17.279
 assurance in

00:53:17.279 --> 00:53:17.699
 verse 8,

00:53:18.039 --> 00:53:18.519
 on this

00:53:18.519 --> 00:53:19.039
 rock I

00:53:19.039 --> 00:53:19.500
 will build

00:53:19.500 --> 00:53:19.980
 my church

00:53:19.980 --> 00:53:20.340
 and the

00:53:20.340 --> 00:53:20.860
 gates of

00:53:20.860 --> 00:53:21.259
 hell shall

00:53:21.259 --> 00:53:21.840
 not prevail

00:53:21.840 --> 00:53:22.980
 against it.

00:53:24.420 --> 00:53:25.099
 I always

00:53:25.099 --> 00:53:25.659
 wince a little

00:53:25.659 --> 00:53:26.019
 bit when I

00:53:26.019 --> 00:53:26.420
 read this

00:53:26.420 --> 00:53:27.440
 because it

00:53:27.440 --> 00:53:27.980
 doesn't say

00:53:27.980 --> 00:53:28.619
 hell in the

00:53:28.619 --> 00:53:29.199
 original Greek.

00:53:29.739 --> 00:53:30.339
 If you have

00:53:30.339 --> 00:53:30.859
 a footnote

00:53:30.859 --> 00:53:31.139
 in your

00:53:31.139 --> 00:53:31.739
 ESV Bibles,

00:53:31.819 --> 00:53:32.199
 you can look

00:53:32.199 --> 00:53:32.420
 at the

00:53:32.420 --> 00:53:32.880
 footnote and

00:53:32.880 --> 00:53:33.279
 it will tell

00:53:33.279 --> 00:53:33.659
 you that in

00:53:33.659 --> 00:53:33.980
 the Greek,

00:53:34.079 --> 00:53:34.400
 it doesn't

00:53:34.400 --> 00:53:34.960
 say hell,

00:53:35.259 --> 00:53:35.699
 it says

00:53:35.699 --> 00:53:36.179
 Hades.

00:53:37.440 --> 00:53:37.880
 This is an

00:53:37.880 --> 00:53:38.159
 important

00:53:38.159 --> 00:53:38.559
 distinction.

00:53:38.699 --> 00:53:38.839
 There are

00:53:38.839 --> 00:53:39.139
 two very

00:53:39.139 --> 00:53:39.420
 different

00:53:39.420 --> 00:53:39.920
 places.

00:53:40.579 --> 00:53:41.099
 Hell is

00:53:41.099 --> 00:53:41.500
 a place

00:53:41.500 --> 00:53:42.400
 of final

00:53:42.400 --> 00:53:42.940
 punishment,

00:53:43.880 --> 00:53:45.159
 what's called

00:53:45.159 --> 00:53:45.339
 in the

00:53:45.339 --> 00:53:45.659
 Bible the

00:53:45.659 --> 00:53:46.380
 second death,

00:53:46.480 --> 00:53:46.799
 the lake

00:53:46.799 --> 00:53:47.299
 of fire.

00:53:48.099 --> 00:53:48.739
 That's where

00:53:48.739 --> 00:53:49.179
 Satan,

00:53:49.400 --> 00:53:49.739
 the great

00:53:49.739 --> 00:53:50.139
 dragon,

00:53:50.299 --> 00:53:50.539
 and the

00:53:50.539 --> 00:53:51.179
 false prophet,

00:53:51.359 --> 00:53:51.619
 and the

00:53:51.619 --> 00:53:51.880
 beast,

00:53:52.000 --> 00:53:52.359
 they're all

00:53:52.359 --> 00:53:53.059
 thrown into

00:53:53.059 --> 00:53:53.679
 the lake

00:53:53.679 --> 00:53:54.119
 of fire,

00:53:54.219 --> 00:53:54.699
 into hell

00:53:54.699 --> 00:53:55.319
 later on

00:53:55.319 --> 00:53:57.279
 at the final

00:53:57.279 --> 00:53:57.679
 judgment.

00:53:57.679 --> 00:53:59.399
 According to

00:53:59.399 --> 00:54:00.239
 Revelation 20,

00:54:00.460 --> 00:54:01.239
 verses 13 to

00:54:01.239 --> 00:54:01.579
 14,

00:54:01.679 --> 00:54:02.539
 it's after the

00:54:02.539 --> 00:54:03.119
 millennial reign

00:54:03.119 --> 00:54:03.739
 of Christ and

00:54:03.739 --> 00:54:04.559
 after the final

00:54:04.559 --> 00:54:05.019
 defeat of

00:54:05.019 --> 00:54:05.719
 Satan that

00:54:05.719 --> 00:54:06.419
 God will judge

00:54:06.419 --> 00:54:07.019
 the world from

00:54:07.019 --> 00:54:07.599
 the great white

00:54:07.599 --> 00:54:07.799
 throne.

00:54:07.899 --> 00:54:08.500
 It's only at

00:54:08.500 --> 00:54:09.599
 that point that

00:54:09.599 --> 00:54:10.239
 death and

00:54:10.239 --> 00:54:11.739
 Hades yield,

00:54:11.919 --> 00:54:12.619
 give up their

00:54:12.619 --> 00:54:13.079
 dead,

00:54:13.440 --> 00:54:14.239
 and then those

00:54:14.239 --> 00:54:15.099
 people are judged

00:54:15.099 --> 00:54:16.519
 and they're

00:54:16.519 --> 00:54:17.559
 punished in

00:54:17.559 --> 00:54:18.179
 hell in the

00:54:18.179 --> 00:54:18.679
 lake of fire.

00:54:19.639 --> 00:54:20.480
 So right now,

00:54:20.579 --> 00:54:21.019
 there's no

00:54:21.019 --> 00:54:21.879
 occupant in

00:54:21.879 --> 00:54:22.079
 hell.

00:54:22.079 --> 00:54:26.539
 So Jesus is

00:54:26.539 --> 00:54:26.980
 not speaking

00:54:26.980 --> 00:54:27.400
 of hell.

00:54:28.299 --> 00:54:28.840
 He's speaking

00:54:28.840 --> 00:54:29.400
 of Hades.

00:54:32.699 --> 00:54:33.460
 The gates

00:54:33.460 --> 00:54:33.900
 of Hades

00:54:33.900 --> 00:54:34.279
 will not

00:54:34.279 --> 00:54:35.559
 prevail against

00:54:35.559 --> 00:54:35.759
 it.

00:54:35.840 --> 00:54:36.139
 What is

00:54:36.139 --> 00:54:36.460
 Hades?

00:54:40.259 --> 00:54:40.960
 That's very

00:54:40.960 --> 00:54:41.319
 interesting.

00:54:42.819 --> 00:54:43.619
 Hades is a

00:54:43.619 --> 00:54:44.279
 dark place.

00:54:44.280 --> 00:54:50.000
 It's the

00:54:50.000 --> 00:54:50.600
 underworld.

00:54:51.300 --> 00:54:52.680
 It's described

00:54:52.680 --> 00:54:53.480
 as the pit

00:54:53.480 --> 00:54:54.120
 sometimes,

00:54:54.460 --> 00:54:54.940
 the pit of

00:54:54.940 --> 00:54:55.380
 darkness.

00:54:56.160 --> 00:54:56.440
 It is,

00:54:56.740 --> 00:54:57.200
 the Old

00:54:57.200 --> 00:54:57.820
 Testament equivalent

00:54:57.820 --> 00:54:58.800
 of the Greek

00:54:58.800 --> 00:54:59.180
 word for

00:54:59.180 --> 00:54:59.780
 Hades is

00:54:59.780 --> 00:55:00.300
 Sheol,

00:55:00.700 --> 00:55:01.019
 which I'm

00:55:01.019 --> 00:55:01.340
 sure you've

00:55:01.340 --> 00:55:01.740
 seen many

00:55:01.740 --> 00:55:02.760
 times in

00:55:02.760 --> 00:55:03.120
 the Bible.

00:55:03.600 --> 00:55:04.420
 Sheol is a

00:55:04.420 --> 00:55:05.500
 deep place.

00:55:06.440 --> 00:55:07.200
 Isaiah 38

00:55:07.200 --> 00:55:08.140
 10 describes

00:55:08.140 --> 00:55:08.680
 the gates

00:55:08.680 --> 00:55:09.360
 of Sheol

00:55:09.360 --> 00:55:11.460
 as a

00:55:11.460 --> 00:55:11.800
 gate,

00:55:11.980 --> 00:55:12.580
 gates from

00:55:12.580 --> 00:55:13.000
 which no

00:55:13.000 --> 00:55:13.740
 captive ever

00:55:13.740 --> 00:55:14.260
 escaped.

00:55:14.280 --> 00:55:16.420
 It's like

00:55:16.420 --> 00:55:17.220
 Moronon,

00:55:17.340 --> 00:55:17.840
 the black

00:55:17.840 --> 00:55:18.460
 gates of

00:55:18.460 --> 00:55:19.200
 Mordor in

00:55:19.200 --> 00:55:19.600
 Lord of

00:55:19.600 --> 00:55:19.900
 the Rings.

00:55:22.380 --> 00:55:23.160
 It says

00:55:23.160 --> 00:55:23.560
 in Job

00:55:23.560 --> 00:55:23.880
 7,

00:55:23.980 --> 00:55:24.240
 9,

00:55:24.340 --> 00:55:24.620
 he who

00:55:24.620 --> 00:55:25.240
 goes down

00:55:25.240 --> 00:55:25.840
 to Sheol

00:55:25.840 --> 00:55:26.880
 does not

00:55:26.880 --> 00:55:28.060
 come up.

00:55:30.600 --> 00:55:31.580
 So how

00:55:31.580 --> 00:55:32.220
 can the

00:55:32.220 --> 00:55:32.640
 church of

00:55:32.640 --> 00:55:33.060
 Christ

00:55:33.060 --> 00:55:34.100
 prevail

00:55:34.100 --> 00:55:35.460
 against the

00:55:35.460 --> 00:55:35.860
 gates of

00:55:35.860 --> 00:55:36.220
 Hades,

00:55:36.720 --> 00:55:37.820
 against the

00:55:37.820 --> 00:55:38.340
 powers of

00:55:38.340 --> 00:55:38.720
 death?

00:55:40.080 --> 00:55:40.840
 That's been

00:55:40.840 --> 00:55:41.460
 the lament

00:55:41.460 --> 00:55:41.940
 of the

00:55:41.940 --> 00:55:42.560
 psalmists

00:55:42.560 --> 00:55:43.200
 in the

00:55:43.200 --> 00:55:43.320
 Old

00:55:43.320 --> 00:55:43.740
 Testament.

00:55:44.280 --> 00:55:46.400
 In

00:55:46.400 --> 00:55:52.860
 Psalm 89,

00:55:52.980 --> 00:55:53.620
 verse 48

00:55:53.620 --> 00:55:54.200
 to 49,

00:55:54.560 --> 00:55:56.080
 there's this

00:55:56.080 --> 00:55:56.460
 lament.

00:55:57.460 --> 00:55:58.060
 Who can

00:55:58.060 --> 00:55:59.140
 deliver his

00:55:59.140 --> 00:55:59.700
 soul from

00:55:59.700 --> 00:56:00.240
 the power

00:56:00.240 --> 00:56:00.740
 of Sheol?

00:56:02.000 --> 00:56:02.400
 Lord,

00:56:02.519 --> 00:56:03.100
 where is

00:56:03.100 --> 00:56:03.780
 your steadfast

00:56:03.780 --> 00:56:04.240
 love of

00:56:04.240 --> 00:56:04.420
 old,

00:56:04.500 --> 00:56:04.800
 which by

00:56:04.800 --> 00:56:04.960
 your

00:56:04.960 --> 00:56:05.420
 faithfulness

00:56:05.420 --> 00:56:05.560
 you

00:56:05.560 --> 00:56:05.960
 swore to

00:56:05.960 --> 00:56:06.220
 David?

00:56:07.060 --> 00:56:07.760
 There's this

00:56:07.760 --> 00:56:08.180
 faith,

00:56:08.300 --> 00:56:08.780
 this belief

00:56:08.780 --> 00:56:09.180
 in the Old

00:56:09.180 --> 00:56:09.460
 Testament,

00:56:09.519 --> 00:56:09.900
 among the Old

00:56:09.900 --> 00:56:10.380
 Testament states,

00:56:10.440 --> 00:56:11.360
 that only God

00:56:11.360 --> 00:56:11.860
 can deliver

00:56:11.860 --> 00:56:12.519
 from Sheol.

00:56:13.059 --> 00:56:13.800
 Because God

00:56:13.800 --> 00:56:14.519
 says in 1

00:56:14.519 --> 00:56:14.960
 Samuel 2,

00:56:15.019 --> 00:56:15.220
 6,

00:56:15.280 --> 00:56:15.700
 the Lord

00:56:15.700 --> 00:56:16.380
 kills and

00:56:16.380 --> 00:56:16.840
 brings to

00:56:16.840 --> 00:56:17.180
 life.

00:56:17.180 --> 00:56:17.940
 He brings

00:56:17.940 --> 00:56:18.460
 down to

00:56:18.460 --> 00:56:19.320
 Sheol and

00:56:19.320 --> 00:56:19.960
 he raises

00:56:19.960 --> 00:56:20.340
 up.

00:56:20.680 --> 00:56:21.160
 And yet,

00:56:21.240 --> 00:56:21.980
 God was not

00:56:21.980 --> 00:56:22.940
 raising up the

00:56:22.940 --> 00:56:23.480
 dead from

00:56:23.480 --> 00:56:23.880
 Sheol.

00:56:24.140 --> 00:56:24.640
 And so they

00:56:24.640 --> 00:56:25.140
 lament

00:56:25.140 --> 00:56:25.760
 throughout the

00:56:25.760 --> 00:56:26.039
 Psalms,

00:56:26.120 --> 00:56:26.680
 how long,

00:56:26.860 --> 00:56:27.099
 O Lord,

00:56:27.240 --> 00:56:27.940
 when will

00:56:27.940 --> 00:56:28.680
 you finally

00:56:28.680 --> 00:56:29.599
 raise the

00:56:29.599 --> 00:56:30.200
 people from

00:56:30.200 --> 00:56:30.660
 Sheol and

00:56:30.660 --> 00:56:31.300
 from death?

00:56:31.300 --> 00:56:31.380
 death.

00:56:33.900 --> 00:56:34.800
 And that's

00:56:34.800 --> 00:56:35.760
 fulfilled in

00:56:35.760 --> 00:56:36.780
 Jesus Christ

00:56:36.780 --> 00:56:38.100
 when he

00:56:38.100 --> 00:56:38.620
 comes.

00:56:39.900 --> 00:56:40.660
 Because the

00:56:40.660 --> 00:56:41.320
 wages of

00:56:41.320 --> 00:56:41.960
 sin is

00:56:41.960 --> 00:56:42.380
 death.

00:56:42.500 --> 00:56:42.940
 Why does

00:56:42.940 --> 00:56:43.640
 death reign?

00:56:43.760 --> 00:56:44.120
 Why does

00:56:44.120 --> 00:56:44.720
 Hades reign?

00:56:44.780 --> 00:56:45.180
 Because of

00:56:45.180 --> 00:56:45.640
 sin.

00:56:46.080 --> 00:56:46.539
 And so when

00:56:46.539 --> 00:56:47.860
 Jesus dies

00:56:47.860 --> 00:56:48.580
 on the cross

00:56:48.580 --> 00:56:48.940
 to make

00:56:48.940 --> 00:56:49.720
 atonement for

00:56:49.720 --> 00:56:50.180
 the sins

00:56:50.180 --> 00:56:50.460
 of his

00:56:50.460 --> 00:56:50.860
 people,

00:56:51.160 --> 00:56:51.740
 and when he

00:56:51.740 --> 00:56:52.400
 does away

00:56:52.400 --> 00:56:53.180
 and fulfills

00:56:53.180 --> 00:56:53.920
 the punishment,

00:56:54.220 --> 00:56:54.740
 the penalty

00:56:54.740 --> 00:56:55.360
 that is due,

00:56:55.500 --> 00:56:56.120
 and absorbs

00:56:56.120 --> 00:56:56.620
 the wrath of

00:56:56.620 --> 00:56:57.039
 God in

00:56:57.039 --> 00:56:57.880
 our place,

00:56:58.380 --> 00:56:59.060
 Hades no

00:56:59.060 --> 00:56:59.940
 longer has

00:56:59.940 --> 00:57:00.960
 any claim

00:57:00.960 --> 00:57:01.480
 upon the

00:57:01.480 --> 00:57:01.980
 people of

00:57:01.980 --> 00:57:02.360
 God.

00:57:04.800 --> 00:57:05.780
 And so

00:57:05.780 --> 00:57:07.059
 the gates

00:57:07.059 --> 00:57:07.599
 of Hades

00:57:07.599 --> 00:57:08.440
 will not

00:57:08.440 --> 00:57:09.159
 prevail

00:57:09.159 --> 00:57:10.159
 against

00:57:10.159 --> 00:57:11.440
 the church

00:57:11.440 --> 00:57:12.000
 of Christ.

00:57:12.639 --> 00:57:13.079
 Sometimes

00:57:13.079 --> 00:57:13.460
 people

00:57:13.460 --> 00:57:13.980
 misunderstand

00:57:13.980 --> 00:57:14.420
 this.

00:57:14.480 --> 00:57:14.840
 They think,

00:57:15.039 --> 00:57:15.179
 oh,

00:57:15.280 --> 00:57:15.880
 like the

00:57:15.880 --> 00:57:16.380
 gates of

00:57:16.380 --> 00:57:16.659
 Hades

00:57:16.659 --> 00:57:17.619
 are like

00:57:17.619 --> 00:57:18.099
 demons,

00:57:18.280 --> 00:57:18.539
 you know,

00:57:18.800 --> 00:57:19.699
 attacking us

00:57:19.699 --> 00:57:20.420
 and assailing

00:57:20.420 --> 00:57:20.940
 us and

00:57:20.940 --> 00:57:21.840
 surrounding us

00:57:21.840 --> 00:57:22.139
 and we're

00:57:22.139 --> 00:57:22.940
 like hunkered

00:57:22.940 --> 00:57:23.519
 down in a

00:57:23.519 --> 00:57:24.119
 bunker somewhere

00:57:24.119 --> 00:57:24.320
 and we're

00:57:24.320 --> 00:57:24.760
 just trying

00:57:24.760 --> 00:57:25.139
 to wait

00:57:25.139 --> 00:57:25.420
 it out

00:57:25.420 --> 00:57:26.019
 and patiently

00:57:26.019 --> 00:57:26.820
 endure.

00:57:26.940 --> 00:57:27.280
 That's what

00:57:27.280 --> 00:57:27.619
 it means.

00:57:27.720 --> 00:57:27.860
 You know,

00:57:27.900 --> 00:57:28.240
 we're not

00:57:28.240 --> 00:57:28.539
 going to be

00:57:28.539 --> 00:57:29.139
 broken in.

00:57:29.300 --> 00:57:29.659
 We're going

00:57:29.659 --> 00:57:30.059
 to endure.

00:57:30.159 --> 00:57:30.360
 We're going

00:57:30.360 --> 00:57:30.760
 to make

00:57:30.760 --> 00:57:30.940
 it.

00:57:30.960 --> 00:57:31.400
 No,

00:57:31.460 --> 00:57:31.960
 that's not

00:57:31.960 --> 00:57:32.460
 the image

00:57:32.460 --> 00:57:32.720
 here.

00:57:33.480 --> 00:57:34.099
 What's the

00:57:34.099 --> 00:57:34.639
 function of

00:57:34.639 --> 00:57:35.039
 a gate?

00:57:37.440 --> 00:57:38.139
 It's to keep

00:57:38.139 --> 00:57:38.740
 people out,

00:57:39.139 --> 00:57:40.639
 to protect

00:57:40.639 --> 00:57:41.440
 something.

00:57:43.179 --> 00:57:43.639
 The kingdom

00:57:43.639 --> 00:57:44.240
 of heaven

00:57:44.240 --> 00:57:45.199
 is not

00:57:45.199 --> 00:57:46.119
 described in

00:57:46.119 --> 00:57:47.139
 defensive terms

00:57:47.139 --> 00:57:47.460
 in the

00:57:47.460 --> 00:57:47.900
 gospels.

00:57:47.980 --> 00:57:48.260
 It is

00:57:48.260 --> 00:57:48.980
 described in

00:57:48.980 --> 00:57:49.619
 the offensive

00:57:49.619 --> 00:57:50.240
 terms.

00:57:51.619 --> 00:57:52.300
 Jesus is

00:57:52.300 --> 00:57:52.619
 the one

00:57:52.619 --> 00:57:53.280
 who comes

00:57:53.280 --> 00:57:54.119
 and binds

00:57:54.119 --> 00:57:54.760
 the strong

00:57:54.760 --> 00:57:55.199
 man so

00:57:55.199 --> 00:57:55.380
 that he

00:57:55.380 --> 00:57:56.300
 can plunder

00:57:56.300 --> 00:57:57.139
 his treasure

00:57:57.139 --> 00:57:58.000
 and take

00:57:58.000 --> 00:57:58.500
 them away.

00:58:01.379 --> 00:58:01.920
 That's why

00:58:01.920 --> 00:58:02.359
 it says

00:58:02.359 --> 00:58:03.139
 in Genesis

00:58:03.139 --> 00:58:03.579
 22,

00:58:03.679 --> 00:58:04.420
 17 to 18,

00:58:04.759 --> 00:58:05.179
 and your

00:58:05.179 --> 00:58:05.799
 offspring,

00:58:05.920 --> 00:58:06.219
 this is the

00:58:06.219 --> 00:58:06.819
 promise God

00:58:06.819 --> 00:58:07.119
 had given

00:58:07.119 --> 00:58:07.659
 to Abraham,

00:58:07.659 --> 00:58:08.359
 and your

00:58:08.359 --> 00:58:09.480
 offspring shall

00:58:09.480 --> 00:58:10.739
 possess the

00:58:10.739 --> 00:58:11.779
 gate of his

00:58:11.779 --> 00:58:12.259
 enemies,

00:58:12.460 --> 00:58:13.079
 and in your

00:58:13.079 --> 00:58:14.059
 offspring shall

00:58:14.059 --> 00:58:14.839
 all the nations

00:58:14.839 --> 00:58:15.460
 of the earth

00:58:15.460 --> 00:58:16.319
 be blessed.

00:58:16.320 --> 00:58:16.360
 Christ.

00:58:17.460 --> 00:58:18.480
 This is

00:58:18.480 --> 00:58:19.160
 fulfilled

00:58:19.160 --> 00:58:19.740
 ultimately

00:58:19.740 --> 00:58:20.580
 in Jesus

00:58:20.580 --> 00:58:20.920
 Christ.

00:58:21.019 --> 00:58:21.440
 So no,

00:58:21.680 --> 00:58:22.140
 saints of

00:58:22.140 --> 00:58:22.360
 God,

00:58:22.420 --> 00:58:22.960
 you are not

00:58:22.960 --> 00:58:23.840
 hunkered down

00:58:23.840 --> 00:58:24.360
 in the bunker

00:58:24.360 --> 00:58:25.340
 just trying to

00:58:25.340 --> 00:58:26.039
 weather the

00:58:26.039 --> 00:58:26.740
 storm of the

00:58:26.740 --> 00:58:27.780
 enemy's attacks.

00:58:28.320 --> 00:58:29.480
 We have the

00:58:29.480 --> 00:58:30.360
 battering ram

00:58:30.360 --> 00:58:30.980
 of the gospel.

00:58:31.539 --> 00:58:32.200
 We are the

00:58:32.200 --> 00:58:33.000
 ones storming

00:58:33.000 --> 00:58:33.580
 the gates of

00:58:33.580 --> 00:58:33.900
 Hades,

00:58:34.059 --> 00:58:35.019
 and we batter

00:58:35.019 --> 00:58:35.480
 it with the

00:58:35.480 --> 00:58:35.820
 gospel,

00:58:36.080 --> 00:58:36.840
 and we declare

00:58:36.840 --> 00:58:37.580
 the gospel of

00:58:37.580 --> 00:58:37.860
 truth,

00:58:38.019 --> 00:58:38.840
 and when people

00:58:38.840 --> 00:58:39.660
 believe in the

00:58:39.660 --> 00:58:40.340
 gospel of Jesus

00:58:40.340 --> 00:58:40.820
 Christ,

00:58:41.100 --> 00:58:41.860
 Jesus said in

00:58:41.860 --> 00:58:42.340
 John 5,

00:58:42.380 --> 00:58:42.880
 25,

00:58:43.280 --> 00:58:44.480
 the hour is

00:58:44.480 --> 00:58:45.280
 coming and

00:58:45.280 --> 00:58:46.260
 is now here

00:58:46.260 --> 00:58:46.880
 when the

00:58:46.880 --> 00:58:47.780
 dead will

00:58:47.780 --> 00:58:48.440
 hear the

00:58:48.440 --> 00:58:48.880
 voice of

00:58:48.880 --> 00:58:49.200
 the Son

00:58:49.200 --> 00:58:49.700
 of God,

00:58:49.820 --> 00:58:50.200
 and those

00:58:50.200 --> 00:58:50.780
 who hear

00:58:50.780 --> 00:58:52.480
 will live.

00:58:54.000 --> 00:58:54.940
 That's what

00:58:54.940 --> 00:58:55.500
 we do.

00:59:07.440 --> 00:59:08.280
 But as we

00:59:08.280 --> 00:59:08.760
 do that,

00:59:10.120 --> 00:59:10.900
 as we share

00:59:10.900 --> 00:59:11.400
 the gospel,

00:59:12.440 --> 00:59:12.800
 when we see

00:59:12.800 --> 00:59:13.120
 Jesus'

00:59:13.280 --> 00:59:13.500
 warning,

00:59:14.300 --> 00:59:14.720
 I know the

00:59:14.720 --> 00:59:15.360
 second part of

00:59:15.360 --> 00:59:16.320
 my sermon,

00:59:16.460 --> 00:59:17.079
 I titled it

00:59:17.079 --> 00:59:18.380
 Sharing the

00:59:18.380 --> 00:59:18.660
 Bread of

00:59:18.660 --> 00:59:18.900
 Life,

00:59:19.740 --> 00:59:20.360
 and you

00:59:20.360 --> 00:59:20.800
 might be

00:59:20.800 --> 00:59:21.280
 wondering,

00:59:21.480 --> 00:59:21.599
 okay,

00:59:21.700 --> 00:59:21.860
 well,

00:59:21.960 --> 00:59:22.360
 at the end

00:59:22.360 --> 00:59:22.620
 of this

00:59:22.620 --> 00:59:22.980
 passage,

00:59:23.180 --> 00:59:23.740
 Jesus literally

00:59:23.740 --> 00:59:24.140
 says in

00:59:24.140 --> 00:59:24.579
 verse 20,

00:59:24.660 --> 00:59:25.019
 he strictly

00:59:25.019 --> 00:59:25.500
 charges the

00:59:25.500 --> 00:59:25.980
 disciples to

00:59:25.980 --> 00:59:26.599
 tell no one

00:59:26.599 --> 00:59:27.019
 that he was

00:59:27.019 --> 00:59:27.300
 the Christ,

00:59:27.360 --> 00:59:27.700
 so how in

00:59:27.700 --> 00:59:27.900
 the world

00:59:27.900 --> 00:59:28.140
 do you get

00:59:28.140 --> 00:59:28.420
 the main

00:59:28.420 --> 00:59:28.800
 idea that

00:59:28.800 --> 00:59:29.059
 you're supposed

00:59:29.059 --> 00:59:29.400
 to share

00:59:29.400 --> 00:59:30.400
 this with

00:59:30.400 --> 00:59:30.820
 everybody?

00:59:31.200 --> 00:59:31.400
 Well,

00:59:31.420 --> 00:59:31.840
 that's because

00:59:31.840 --> 00:59:32.559
 of where we

00:59:32.559 --> 00:59:32.900
 are in

00:59:32.900 --> 00:59:33.400
 relation to

00:59:33.400 --> 00:59:33.920
 the cross.

00:59:34.640 --> 00:59:34.760
 The

00:59:34.760 --> 00:59:35.280
 disciples have

00:59:35.280 --> 00:59:35.900
 not yet seen

00:59:35.900 --> 00:59:36.380
 the cross,

00:59:36.700 --> 00:59:37.039
 the death,

00:59:37.079 --> 00:59:37.220
 and the

00:59:37.220 --> 00:59:37.700
 resurrection of

00:59:37.700 --> 00:59:37.840
 Christ.

00:59:37.920 --> 00:59:38.360
 We live on

00:59:38.360 --> 00:59:38.599
 the other

00:59:38.599 --> 00:59:39.180
 side of it.

00:59:39.179 --> 00:59:42.899
 Jesus tells

00:59:42.899 --> 00:59:43.299
 the disciples

00:59:43.299 --> 00:59:43.960
 not to tell

00:59:43.960 --> 00:59:44.359
 people that

00:59:44.359 --> 00:59:44.599
 he's the

00:59:44.599 --> 00:59:45.219
 Christ yet

00:59:45.219 --> 00:59:46.239
 because it's

00:59:46.239 --> 00:59:47.139
 so easy to

00:59:47.139 --> 00:59:48.019
 misunderstand the

00:59:48.019 --> 00:59:48.679
 role and nature

00:59:48.679 --> 00:59:49.199
 of his

00:59:49.199 --> 00:59:50.019
 messianic mission

00:59:50.019 --> 00:59:50.799
 that Jesus

00:59:50.799 --> 00:59:51.379
 came to

00:59:51.379 --> 00:59:51.759
 conquer.

00:59:51.960 --> 00:59:52.299
 Yes,

00:59:52.359 --> 00:59:52.899
 he did.

00:59:53.279 --> 00:59:53.819
 He's the

00:59:53.819 --> 00:59:54.219
 king.

00:59:54.219 --> 00:59:55.039
 He has come

00:59:55.039 --> 00:59:55.559
 to conquer,

00:59:55.839 --> 00:59:56.539
 but how does

00:59:56.539 --> 00:59:56.960
 he conquer?

00:59:57.039 --> 00:59:57.619
 We saw it in

00:59:57.619 --> 00:59:57.919
 the book of

00:59:57.919 --> 00:59:58.500
 Revelation very

00:59:58.500 --> 00:59:58.759
 clearly.

00:59:58.940 --> 00:59:59.440
 He conquers

00:59:59.440 --> 01:00:00.259
 by becoming

01:00:00.259 --> 01:00:00.839
 the slain

01:00:00.839 --> 01:00:01.339
 lamb of

01:00:01.339 --> 01:00:01.699
 God,

01:00:01.699 --> 01:00:04.579
 by dying

01:00:04.579 --> 01:00:04.879
 on the

01:00:04.879 --> 01:00:05.219
 cross.

01:00:06.419 --> 01:00:06.899
 So how

01:00:06.899 --> 01:00:07.480
 do we

01:00:07.480 --> 01:00:08.219
 conquer?

01:00:08.639 --> 01:00:09.319
 How do we

01:00:09.319 --> 01:00:10.000
 prevail against

01:00:10.000 --> 01:00:10.339
 the gates

01:00:10.339 --> 01:00:10.659
 of Hades?

01:00:10.819 --> 01:00:11.619
 Same thing.

01:00:12.579 --> 01:00:13.239
 We bear

01:00:13.239 --> 01:00:14.219
 suffering

01:00:14.219 --> 01:00:15.579
 witness to

01:00:15.579 --> 01:00:16.359
 Jesus Christ.

01:00:16.500 --> 01:00:17.559
 We die

01:00:17.559 --> 01:00:18.460
 as martyrs

01:00:18.460 --> 01:00:19.039
 for the sake

01:00:19.039 --> 01:00:19.419
 of Jesus

01:00:19.419 --> 01:00:19.819
 Christ,

01:00:19.980 --> 01:00:20.339
 and we

01:00:20.339 --> 01:00:20.980
 declare it

01:00:20.980 --> 01:00:21.299
 as we

01:00:21.299 --> 01:00:21.719
 suffer,

01:00:21.879 --> 01:00:22.579
 and as we

01:00:22.579 --> 01:00:23.460
 do this

01:00:23.460 --> 01:00:24.339
 as in the

01:00:24.339 --> 01:00:24.759
 following in

01:00:24.759 --> 01:00:25.039
 the footsteps

01:00:25.039 --> 01:00:25.519
 of Jesus,

01:00:25.659 --> 01:00:26.339
 that's when

01:00:26.339 --> 01:00:26.779
 the gates

01:00:26.779 --> 01:00:27.239
 of Hades

01:00:27.239 --> 01:00:28.000
 fling open,

01:00:28.779 --> 01:00:29.139
 and the

01:00:29.139 --> 01:00:30.199
 dead hear

01:00:30.199 --> 01:00:30.659
 the voice

01:00:30.659 --> 01:00:31.259
 of their

01:00:31.259 --> 01:00:31.639
 Lord,

01:00:31.699 --> 01:00:32.559
 Jesus Christ,

01:00:32.639 --> 01:00:33.039
 and come

01:00:33.039 --> 01:00:33.559
 to live.

01:00:34.599 --> 01:00:34.939
 Let's

01:00:34.939 --> 01:00:35.179
 pray.

01:00:40.899 --> 01:00:41.460
 Heavenly

01:00:41.460 --> 01:00:41.839
 Father,

01:00:43.299 --> 01:00:43.879
 grant us

01:00:43.879 --> 01:00:44.399
 faith.

01:00:48.239 --> 01:00:48.799
 Lord,

01:00:48.960 --> 01:00:49.759
 rally us

01:00:49.759 --> 01:00:50.980
 as your

01:00:50.980 --> 01:00:51.359
 troops.

01:00:55.359 --> 01:00:55.960
 Strengthen

01:00:55.960 --> 01:00:58.339
 our hands

01:00:58.339 --> 01:00:58.699
 that we

01:00:58.699 --> 01:01:00.119
 can boldly

01:01:00.119 --> 01:01:00.719
 declare

01:01:00.719 --> 01:01:02.159
 the gospel

01:01:02.159 --> 01:01:02.579
 of Jesus

01:01:02.579 --> 01:01:03.119
 Christ

01:01:03.119 --> 01:01:04.199
 that makes

01:01:04.199 --> 01:01:04.799
 the dead

01:01:04.799 --> 01:01:05.519
 live.

01:01:10.480 --> 01:01:11.119
 And Lord,

01:01:11.259 --> 01:01:12.039
 fill us

01:01:12.039 --> 01:01:13.019
 with fresh

01:01:13.019 --> 01:01:13.939
 gratitude

01:01:13.939 --> 01:01:15.599
 and worship

01:01:15.599 --> 01:01:17.639
 as we

01:01:17.639 --> 01:01:18.000
 remember

01:01:18.000 --> 01:01:18.439
 that you've

01:01:18.439 --> 01:01:18.939
 taken us

01:01:18.939 --> 01:01:19.419
 from death

01:01:19.419 --> 01:01:19.879
 to life.

01:01:21.959 --> 01:01:22.599
 We had

01:01:22.599 --> 01:01:23.059
 no way

01:01:23.059 --> 01:01:23.419
 of getting

01:01:23.419 --> 01:01:23.839
 out of

01:01:23.839 --> 01:01:24.459
 through that

01:01:24.459 --> 01:01:25.219
 gate of

01:01:25.219 --> 01:01:25.519
 Hades,

01:01:26.079 --> 01:01:27.419
 but you

01:01:27.419 --> 01:01:27.759
 did it,

01:01:27.819 --> 01:01:28.199
 Lord Jesus.

01:01:28.199 --> 01:01:28.439
 Christ,

01:01:28.439 --> 01:01:29.639
 you did

01:01:29.639 --> 01:01:29.899
 it.

01:01:30.839 --> 01:01:31.199
 And for

01:01:31.199 --> 01:01:31.519
 that you

01:01:31.519 --> 01:01:32.059
 deserve all

01:01:32.059 --> 01:01:32.779
 glory and

01:01:32.779 --> 01:01:33.319
 honor and

01:01:33.319 --> 01:01:33.639
 praise.

01:01:34.460 --> 01:01:34.899
 It's in your

01:01:34.899 --> 01:01:35.480
 precious name,

01:01:35.559 --> 01:01:35.739
 Jesus,

01:01:35.859 --> 01:01:36.239
 we pray.

01:01:36.619 --> 01:01:36.960
 Amen.

01:01:36.960 --> 01:01:37.059
 Amen.

01:01:37.059 --> 01:02:07.039
 Thank you.