WEBVTT

00:00:00.000 --> 00:00:00.940
 We're not going to use this, are we?

00:00:00.940 --> 00:00:01.459
 Recording.

00:00:02.140 --> 00:00:04.900
 Nine o'clock, so I guess I'll get started.

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 I'll give a little introduction.

00:00:08.779 --> 00:00:11.240
 My name is Rob Torcent, for those of you who don't know.

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 And I am a Master of Systematic Theology, or Master of SIGA Theology student at the Divinity School

00:00:20.199 --> 00:00:22.859
 with a focus in systematic theology.

00:00:24.240 --> 00:00:27.179
 This is my wife, Julia. We've been married two and a half years.

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 And my thesis for the program had to do with the image of God,

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 and its relation to modern technology.

00:00:35.719 --> 00:00:38.280
 So that's why I thought this would be a good class.

00:00:38.320 --> 00:00:42.320
 If I was going to teach a class here, I could do it on the doctrine of the image of God

00:00:42.320 --> 00:00:44.340
 and just kind of run from there.

00:00:46.439 --> 00:00:48.899
 So this is more of a systematic theology,

00:00:49.760 --> 00:00:53.560
 but the way that I'm going to approach unpacking this for you

00:00:53.560 --> 00:00:59.840
 is going to be more kind of like a lecture sermon or a lerman,

00:01:00.600 --> 00:01:03.060
 as a former professor of mine once called it.

00:01:03.840 --> 00:01:05.879
 So it's going to be more expositional.

00:01:06.000 --> 00:01:08.020
 We're going to kind of look over all the different texts of Scripture

00:01:08.020 --> 00:01:11.439
 that deal with the image of God,

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 and then we're going to kind of make a systematic conclusion about this.

00:01:15.500 --> 00:01:15.859
 All right.

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 So why don't I just get started on this

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 with a word of prayer.

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 Heavenly Father, thank you so much for bringing us here this morning.

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 We have the privilege of being able to benefit from your word

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 and to hear your voice spoken through it.

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 Help us understand ourselves more in light of who you are.

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 We pray all this in Christ's name.

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 Amen.

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 In 1920, there was published a book entitled

00:02:00.299 --> 00:02:04.719
 Allowing the Destruction of Life Unworthy of Life.

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 The author was Carl Binding, who was a jurist,

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 and Alfred Haack, who was a psychiatrist.

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 It was a description of people who were intellectually disabled

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 as mentally dead,

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 human ballasts,

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 and empty shells of human beings.

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 In short, this book advocated elimination,

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 life unworthy of life,

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 was the saying.

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 This demonstrates the power of ideas,

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 and it led to eugenics

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 and the so-called final solution

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 of the Nazi regime.

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 Now, this is a repugnant idea.

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 I don't think I have to describe that to you.

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 And our first instinct

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 is to recoil from it.

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 Yet, this kind of thought

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 of being able to make qualitative judgments

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 over what deserves life

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 and what doesn't deserve life

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 is all but endemic in modern thought.

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 In fact,

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 I think it's led to,

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 today,

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 so pregnant in our minds

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 and society,

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 a crisis of humanity

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 and what it means to be human.

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 The eugenics movement

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 moved into America

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 after World War II,

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 and it led to,

00:03:31.579 --> 00:03:32.459
 even now,

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 a fight over these bills

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 that militate

00:03:35.319 --> 00:03:38.199
 against partiality in abortion,

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 that is,

00:03:38.939 --> 00:03:40.139
 abortion over race

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 or gender

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 or disability.

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 You see these fights

00:03:45.259 --> 00:03:46.759
 even lately

00:03:46.759 --> 00:03:49.120
 in 2019.

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 So this is widespread,

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 and it encompasses

00:03:54.259 --> 00:03:55.280
 every issue

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 that you could possibly imagine.

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 It encompasses

00:03:57.920 --> 00:04:00.120
 gender issues,

00:04:00.560 --> 00:04:01.159
 this distinction

00:04:01.159 --> 00:04:02.640
 between sex and gender,

00:04:03.219 --> 00:04:04.740
 the LGBTQ issues,

00:04:04.920 --> 00:04:06.159
 social justice issues,

00:04:06.599 --> 00:04:07.480
 political issues,

00:04:07.640 --> 00:04:08.640
 ethical issues.

00:04:09.319 --> 00:04:10.280
 All of these

00:04:10.280 --> 00:04:11.680
 revolve fundamentally

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 around

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 the doctrine

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 of what it means

00:04:15.840 --> 00:04:16.819
 to be a human.

00:04:16.819 --> 00:04:20.139
 Now,

00:04:20.300 --> 00:04:21.319
 the earliest roots

00:04:21.319 --> 00:04:22.339
 of this confusion

00:04:22.339 --> 00:04:23.920
 have to do

00:04:23.920 --> 00:04:24.920
 in scientism

00:04:24.920 --> 00:04:26.819
 and logical positivism,

00:04:27.019 --> 00:04:27.939
 which is this idea

00:04:27.939 --> 00:04:28.959
 that everything

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 can be scientifically

00:04:30.040 --> 00:04:30.719
 deduced

00:04:30.719 --> 00:04:32.100
 and has to be verified

00:04:32.100 --> 00:04:34.800
 demonstrably

00:04:34.800 --> 00:04:35.519
 in order for it

00:04:35.519 --> 00:04:36.120
 to be true.

00:04:38.379 --> 00:04:38.800
 In fact,

00:04:38.899 --> 00:04:39.360
 C.S. Lewis

00:04:39.360 --> 00:04:40.319
 talks about this

00:04:40.319 --> 00:04:41.740
 in Abolition of Man,

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 where he

00:04:42.639 --> 00:04:43.860
 very provokingly

00:04:43.860 --> 00:04:44.240
 asks,

00:04:44.420 --> 00:04:45.579
 what will happen

00:04:45.579 --> 00:04:46.659
 to the human being

00:04:46.660 --> 00:04:48.200
 if we subject it

00:04:48.200 --> 00:04:49.160
 objectively

00:04:49.160 --> 00:04:50.000
 to science

00:04:50.000 --> 00:04:50.740
 in the same way

00:04:50.740 --> 00:04:51.620
 we subject it

00:04:51.620 --> 00:04:52.740
 to the world

00:04:52.740 --> 00:04:53.460
 around us?

00:04:53.480 --> 00:04:54.180
 And his thesis

00:04:54.180 --> 00:04:55.100
 was that we would

00:04:55.100 --> 00:04:56.460
 essentially lose

00:04:56.460 --> 00:04:57.680
 our humanity.

00:04:59.640 --> 00:05:00.960
 So that returns

00:05:00.960 --> 00:05:01.980
 to the question,

00:05:02.180 --> 00:05:03.320
 what does it mean

00:05:03.320 --> 00:05:04.740
 to be human?

00:05:06.240 --> 00:05:06.620
 In fact,

00:05:06.760 --> 00:05:08.140
 that's the same question

00:05:08.140 --> 00:05:09.180
 that David poses

00:05:09.180 --> 00:05:10.520
 in Psalm 8,

00:05:10.720 --> 00:05:11.480
 verse 4,

00:05:12.360 --> 00:05:13.460
 when he asks,

00:05:14.120 --> 00:05:14.860
 what is man

00:05:14.860 --> 00:05:15.540
 that you take

00:05:15.540 --> 00:05:16.300
 thought of him

00:05:16.300 --> 00:05:17.580
 and the son of man

00:05:17.580 --> 00:05:18.620
 that you are

00:05:18.620 --> 00:05:19.360
 mindful of him?

00:05:19.360 --> 00:05:20.000
 And the answer

00:05:20.000 --> 00:05:21.340
 is rooted

00:05:21.340 --> 00:05:22.580
 in the creation

00:05:22.580 --> 00:05:23.379
 of humanity

00:05:23.379 --> 00:05:24.840
 in God's image.

00:05:24.900 --> 00:05:25.319
 So if you have

00:05:25.319 --> 00:05:26.199
 your Bibles with me,

00:05:26.280 --> 00:05:26.939
 I'd invite you,

00:05:27.280 --> 00:05:28.280
 it's okay if you don't,

00:05:29.280 --> 00:05:30.420
 it's a bit more

00:05:30.420 --> 00:05:31.319
 informal this morning,

00:05:31.400 --> 00:05:31.879
 turn with me

00:05:31.879 --> 00:05:32.699
 to Psalm 8.

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 We're going to use

00:05:36.120 --> 00:05:36.980
 this as a platform

00:05:36.980 --> 00:05:37.860
 to hop around

00:05:37.860 --> 00:05:39.759
 and unpack

00:05:39.759 --> 00:05:41.439
 in systematic form

00:05:41.439 --> 00:05:43.660
 what the Bible

00:05:43.660 --> 00:05:45.319
 says about humanity

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 and what it means

00:05:46.139 --> 00:05:46.759
 to be created

00:05:46.759 --> 00:05:47.819
 in God's image.

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 And for the next few weeks,

00:05:53.460 --> 00:05:54.340
 we're going to be discussing

00:05:54.340 --> 00:05:55.259
 the doctrine

00:05:55.259 --> 00:05:56.220
 of the image of God

00:05:56.220 --> 00:05:58.180
 as the Bible's answer

00:05:58.180 --> 00:06:00.840
 to what humanity is

00:06:00.840 --> 00:06:01.639
 and what makes us

00:06:01.639 --> 00:06:03.240
 so distinct and special

00:06:03.240 --> 00:06:04.580
 in God's plan

00:06:04.580 --> 00:06:05.139
 and creation.

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 Basically,

00:06:06.599 --> 00:06:07.539
 we're going to be doing

00:06:07.539 --> 00:06:08.259
 a theological

00:06:08.259 --> 00:06:10.639
 and biblical anthropology.

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 And it's going to be

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 somewhat difficult

00:06:15.959 --> 00:06:17.439
 to directly

00:06:17.439 --> 00:06:19.439
 unpack the image of God

00:06:19.439 --> 00:06:20.539
 just in itself

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 because the nature

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 of systematic theology

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 means that we're going

00:06:24.120 --> 00:06:24.879
 to have to go

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 and touch on

00:06:26.519 --> 00:06:27.300
 every doctrine

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 as it relates

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 to the image of God.

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 So we're going to be

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 talking about

00:06:31.620 --> 00:06:32.680
 theology proper.

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 We're going to be

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 talking about

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 creation.

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 sin,

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 Christ,

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 redemption,

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 sanctification.

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 And eventually,

00:06:38.839 --> 00:06:39.500
 in our last class,

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 we're going to be

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 talking about

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 glorification.

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 But fundamentally,

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 I want this to be

00:06:46.579 --> 00:06:47.399
 expositional.

00:06:48.079 --> 00:06:49.019
 Pastor Craig wanted

00:06:49.019 --> 00:06:50.599
 our Bibles to be open,

00:06:50.879 --> 00:06:52.199
 so we're going to be

00:06:52.199 --> 00:06:53.560
 looking at Psalm 8

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 as well as

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 Genesis 1 and 2.

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 Now,

00:06:57.699 --> 00:06:58.800
 let me just explain

00:06:58.800 --> 00:06:59.539
 the context

00:06:59.539 --> 00:07:00.639
 of Psalm 8

00:07:00.639 --> 00:07:01.120
 a little bit

00:07:01.120 --> 00:07:02.000
 before we move

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 into it.

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 this is a creation

00:07:04.819 --> 00:07:05.339
 psalm.

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 And it's

00:07:06.639 --> 00:07:07.680
 sandwiched between

00:07:07.680 --> 00:07:08.899
 two psalms

00:07:08.899 --> 00:07:10.280
 that speak of

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 God's righteous

00:07:10.939 --> 00:07:11.959
 judgment of the

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 wicked.

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 And I don't think

00:07:14.019 --> 00:07:14.959
 that that's incidental.

00:07:15.019 --> 00:07:15.840
 I think it's organized

00:07:15.840 --> 00:07:16.879
 very intentionally

00:07:16.879 --> 00:07:19.120
 because they want

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 to talk about

00:07:19.879 --> 00:07:20.899
 the nature of

00:07:20.899 --> 00:07:21.920
 humanity and why

00:07:21.920 --> 00:07:22.920
 we would be morally

00:07:22.920 --> 00:07:23.759
 responsible

00:07:23.759 --> 00:07:26.240
 for being held

00:07:26.240 --> 00:07:27.259
 to account for

00:07:27.259 --> 00:07:28.139
 our wicked actions.

00:07:28.139 --> 00:07:30.560
 in fact,

00:07:31.079 --> 00:07:31.699
 note the

00:07:31.699 --> 00:07:32.800
 heading of this

00:07:32.800 --> 00:07:33.120
 psalm.

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 It's for the

00:07:33.860 --> 00:07:35.000
 choir director,

00:07:35.180 --> 00:07:35.399
 right?

00:07:35.899 --> 00:07:36.339
 That's the

00:07:36.339 --> 00:07:37.319
 liturgical director,

00:07:37.439 --> 00:07:37.959
 meaning that

00:07:37.959 --> 00:07:38.959
 this is kind of

00:07:38.959 --> 00:07:40.500
 a didactic tool.

00:07:40.740 --> 00:07:41.279
 It's a

00:07:41.279 --> 00:07:42.500
 theological

00:07:42.500 --> 00:07:43.800
 instruction

00:07:43.800 --> 00:07:45.139
 through praise

00:07:45.139 --> 00:07:46.099
 in a temple.

00:07:47.579 --> 00:07:48.519
 And that's

00:07:48.519 --> 00:07:48.919
 apparent,

00:07:49.180 --> 00:07:49.500
 isn't it,

00:07:49.500 --> 00:07:50.120
 in the question

00:07:50.120 --> 00:07:50.919
 that we're going

00:07:50.919 --> 00:07:51.479
 to be discussing

00:07:51.479 --> 00:07:52.860
 today in verse 4,

00:07:52.959 --> 00:07:53.959
 which this psalm

00:07:53.959 --> 00:07:55.180
 kind of revolves

00:07:55.180 --> 00:07:55.599
 around.

00:07:55.600 --> 00:07:56.680
 In fact,

00:07:56.740 --> 00:07:57.480
 it's a sort of

00:07:57.480 --> 00:07:59.080
 theological riddle

00:07:59.080 --> 00:08:01.840
 concerning humanity's

00:08:01.840 --> 00:08:02.300
 place in

00:08:02.300 --> 00:08:02.740
 creation.

00:08:04.160 --> 00:08:05.040
 With the point,

00:08:05.140 --> 00:08:05.439
 of course,

00:08:05.500 --> 00:08:06.140
 being God's

00:08:06.140 --> 00:08:07.460
 sovereign majesty,

00:08:07.640 --> 00:08:08.379
 and you see that

00:08:08.379 --> 00:08:10.060
 in verses 1 and 9

00:08:10.060 --> 00:08:11.100
 it's bracketed

00:08:11.100 --> 00:08:11.760
 with this

00:08:11.760 --> 00:08:12.520
 refrain,

00:08:12.780 --> 00:08:13.080
 O Lord,

00:08:13.140 --> 00:08:13.500
 our Lord,

00:08:13.560 --> 00:08:14.120
 how majestic

00:08:14.120 --> 00:08:14.960
 is your name

00:08:14.960 --> 00:08:16.160
 in all the earth.

00:08:18.200 --> 00:08:18.680
 So,

00:08:18.780 --> 00:08:19.480
 let me just read

00:08:19.480 --> 00:08:19.980
 this and then

00:08:19.980 --> 00:08:20.780
 we'll unpack it

00:08:20.780 --> 00:08:21.480
 a little bit more.

00:08:23.960 --> 00:08:24.760
 Psalm 8,

00:08:24.759 --> 00:08:25.399
 for the choir

00:08:25.399 --> 00:08:25.860
 director,

00:08:26.459 --> 00:08:26.860
 on the

00:08:26.860 --> 00:08:27.319
 getteth,

00:08:27.620 --> 00:08:28.240
 on the

00:08:28.240 --> 00:08:28.560
 David.

00:08:29.839 --> 00:08:30.599
 O Lord,

00:08:30.680 --> 00:08:31.180
 our Lord,

00:08:31.699 --> 00:08:32.379
 how majestic

00:08:32.379 --> 00:08:33.259
 is your name

00:08:33.259 --> 00:08:33.899
 in all the earth.

00:08:34.340 --> 00:08:34.980
 You have displayed

00:08:34.980 --> 00:08:35.559
 your splendor

00:08:35.559 --> 00:08:36.299
 above the heavens.

00:08:37.059 --> 00:08:37.580
 From the mouth

00:08:37.580 --> 00:08:38.159
 of infants

00:08:38.159 --> 00:08:39.059
 and nursing babes

00:08:39.059 --> 00:08:39.779
 you have established

00:08:39.779 --> 00:08:40.460
 strength,

00:08:41.000 --> 00:08:42.019
 because of

00:08:42.019 --> 00:08:43.139
 your adversaries,

00:08:43.360 --> 00:08:44.639
 to make the

00:08:44.639 --> 00:08:44.980
 enemy

00:08:44.980 --> 00:08:46.059
 and the

00:08:46.059 --> 00:08:46.659
 revengeful

00:08:46.659 --> 00:08:47.200
 cease.

00:08:48.299 --> 00:08:49.220
 When I consider

00:08:49.220 --> 00:08:49.860
 your heavens,

00:08:50.399 --> 00:08:50.899
 the work

00:08:50.899 --> 00:08:51.600
 of your fingers,

00:08:52.240 --> 00:08:52.779
 the moon

00:08:52.779 --> 00:08:53.740
 and the stars

00:08:53.740 --> 00:08:54.519
 which you

00:08:54.519 --> 00:08:55.139
 have ordained,

00:08:55.799 --> 00:08:56.699
 what is man

00:08:56.699 --> 00:08:57.259
 that you take

00:08:57.259 --> 00:08:57.839
 thought of him,

00:08:58.360 --> 00:08:58.879
 and the son

00:08:58.879 --> 00:08:59.240
 of man

00:08:59.240 --> 00:08:59.899
 that you

00:08:59.899 --> 00:09:00.559
 care for him?

00:09:01.519 --> 00:09:02.379
 You have made

00:09:02.379 --> 00:09:02.839
 him a little

00:09:02.839 --> 00:09:03.659
 lower than God,

00:09:04.279 --> 00:09:04.980
 and you crown

00:09:04.980 --> 00:09:06.179
 him with glory

00:09:06.179 --> 00:09:07.000
 and majesty.

00:09:07.959 --> 00:09:08.759
 You make him

00:09:08.759 --> 00:09:09.199
 to rule

00:09:09.199 --> 00:09:10.059
 over the works

00:09:10.059 --> 00:09:10.759
 of your hands.

00:09:11.480 --> 00:09:11.899
 You have put

00:09:11.899 --> 00:09:12.459
 all things

00:09:12.459 --> 00:09:13.240
 under his feet,

00:09:13.360 --> 00:09:13.959
 all sheep

00:09:13.959 --> 00:09:14.600
 and oxen,

00:09:15.360 --> 00:09:15.980
 and also the

00:09:15.980 --> 00:09:16.480
 beasts of the

00:09:16.480 --> 00:09:16.740
 field,

00:09:17.079 --> 00:09:17.919
 the birds of the

00:09:17.919 --> 00:09:18.240
 heavens,

00:09:18.779 --> 00:09:19.240
 and the fish

00:09:19.240 --> 00:09:19.819
 of the sea.

00:09:19.820 --> 00:09:21.580
 whatever passes

00:09:21.580 --> 00:09:22.520
 through the

00:09:22.520 --> 00:09:23.220
 paths of the

00:09:23.220 --> 00:09:23.480
 sea.

00:09:23.940 --> 00:09:24.760
 O Lord,

00:09:24.820 --> 00:09:25.240
 our God,

00:09:25.320 --> 00:09:25.960
 how majestic

00:09:25.960 --> 00:09:27.440
 is your name

00:09:27.440 --> 00:09:28.720
 in all the

00:09:28.720 --> 00:09:29.100
 earth.

00:09:32.780 --> 00:09:34.580
 The question

00:09:34.580 --> 00:09:34.960
 that we're

00:09:34.960 --> 00:09:35.660
 dealing with

00:09:35.660 --> 00:09:36.140
 here in

00:09:36.140 --> 00:09:37.000
 verse 4,

00:09:37.540 --> 00:09:38.320
 it contains

00:09:38.320 --> 00:09:38.740
 a certain

00:09:38.740 --> 00:09:40.180
 paradox to

00:09:40.180 --> 00:09:40.360
 it,

00:09:40.400 --> 00:09:40.900
 doesn't it?

00:09:41.400 --> 00:09:41.780
 In fact,

00:09:41.860 --> 00:09:42.700
 the words

00:09:42.700 --> 00:09:43.040
 in the

00:09:43.040 --> 00:09:43.960
 language used

00:09:43.960 --> 00:09:45.200
 here for

00:09:45.200 --> 00:09:45.780
 man,

00:09:46.260 --> 00:09:47.040
 it's this

00:09:47.040 --> 00:09:47.340
 word,

00:09:47.560 --> 00:09:47.860
 enosh,

00:09:47.980 --> 00:09:48.620
 which has to

00:09:48.620 --> 00:09:49.100
 do with

00:09:49.100 --> 00:09:49.980
 a weakness

00:09:49.980 --> 00:09:50.560
 or a

00:09:50.560 --> 00:09:51.019
 frailty.

00:09:51.639 --> 00:09:51.899
 It could

00:09:51.899 --> 00:09:52.440
 even connote

00:09:52.440 --> 00:09:52.980
 sickness.

00:09:54.560 --> 00:09:54.879
 And of

00:09:54.879 --> 00:09:55.080
 course,

00:09:55.440 --> 00:09:55.980
 that phrase

00:09:55.980 --> 00:09:56.440
 the son

00:09:56.440 --> 00:09:56.940
 of man

00:09:56.940 --> 00:09:58.220
 is literally

00:09:58.220 --> 00:09:58.860
 the son

00:09:58.860 --> 00:09:59.639
 of Adam.

00:09:59.919 --> 00:10:00.919
 It's singular,

00:10:01.620 --> 00:10:03.220
 which recalls

00:10:03.220 --> 00:10:04.039
 Adam and

00:10:04.039 --> 00:10:04.720
 even the

00:10:04.720 --> 00:10:05.259
 sinfulness

00:10:05.259 --> 00:10:06.399
 that we

00:10:06.399 --> 00:10:07.080
 would incur

00:10:07.080 --> 00:10:07.759
 from being

00:10:07.759 --> 00:10:08.820
 descended

00:10:08.820 --> 00:10:09.480
 from him.

00:10:11.440 --> 00:10:11.700
 Now,

00:10:11.940 --> 00:10:12.340
 note that

00:10:12.340 --> 00:10:12.740
 the text

00:10:12.740 --> 00:10:13.159
 in verse

00:10:13.159 --> 00:10:14.259
 5 then

00:10:14.259 --> 00:10:14.860
 goes on

00:10:14.860 --> 00:10:15.460
 to describe

00:10:15.460 --> 00:10:16.080
 how we're

00:10:16.080 --> 00:10:17.320
 a little

00:10:17.320 --> 00:10:17.980
 lower than

00:10:17.980 --> 00:10:18.519
 God.

00:10:19.180 --> 00:10:19.379
 Now,

00:10:19.879 --> 00:10:20.360
 however,

00:10:20.480 --> 00:10:20.800
 I think

00:10:20.800 --> 00:10:21.420
 we're already

00:10:21.420 --> 00:10:22.139
 speaking to

00:10:22.139 --> 00:10:22.480
 God in

00:10:22.480 --> 00:10:23.019
 this text,

00:10:23.100 --> 00:10:23.539
 so there's

00:10:23.539 --> 00:10:24.519
 an interpretive

00:10:24.519 --> 00:10:24.899
 issue.

00:10:25.420 --> 00:10:26.360
 The Greek

00:10:26.360 --> 00:10:27.580
 version of

00:10:27.580 --> 00:10:28.300
 this text,

00:10:28.519 --> 00:10:29.759
 the King

00:10:29.759 --> 00:10:30.580
 James version,

00:10:30.759 --> 00:10:31.220
 in fact,

00:10:31.759 --> 00:10:33.100
 as well as

00:10:33.100 --> 00:10:33.639
 how the

00:10:33.639 --> 00:10:34.480
 New Testament

00:10:34.480 --> 00:10:36.759
 also will

00:10:36.759 --> 00:10:37.259
 render the

00:10:37.259 --> 00:10:38.039
 Greek version

00:10:38.039 --> 00:10:39.860
 translates this

00:10:39.860 --> 00:10:40.259
 angels,

00:10:41.060 --> 00:10:41.740
 and the word

00:10:41.740 --> 00:10:42.360
 is Elohim,

00:10:42.519 --> 00:10:42.920
 which could

00:10:42.920 --> 00:10:43.500
 be translated

00:10:43.500 --> 00:10:43.920
 angels,

00:10:44.060 --> 00:10:44.460
 so I think

00:10:44.460 --> 00:10:44.779
 that's

00:10:44.779 --> 00:10:45.340
 preferable.

00:10:46.080 --> 00:10:46.700
 Either way,

00:10:46.700 --> 00:10:47.220
 the idea

00:10:47.220 --> 00:10:47.759
 is that

00:10:47.759 --> 00:10:48.520
 we're

00:10:48.520 --> 00:10:49.040
 finite,

00:10:49.420 --> 00:10:49.780
 we're not

00:10:49.780 --> 00:10:50.240
 the same

00:10:50.240 --> 00:10:50.900
 as God

00:10:50.900 --> 00:10:51.160
 and we

00:10:51.160 --> 00:10:51.440
 have a

00:10:51.440 --> 00:10:51.780
 particular

00:10:51.780 --> 00:10:52.340
 place

00:10:52.340 --> 00:10:53.140
 in the

00:10:53.140 --> 00:10:53.440
 order.

00:10:55.200 --> 00:10:55.480
 Yet,

00:10:55.540 --> 00:10:55.820
 at the

00:10:55.820 --> 00:10:56.340
 same time,

00:10:56.420 --> 00:10:56.660
 we're

00:10:56.660 --> 00:10:57.900
 higher than

00:10:57.900 --> 00:10:59.640
 every variety

00:10:59.640 --> 00:11:00.420
 of living

00:11:00.420 --> 00:11:01.660
 thing in

00:11:01.660 --> 00:11:02.280
 creation.

00:11:02.800 --> 00:11:03.020
 And just

00:11:03.020 --> 00:11:03.360
 look at

00:11:03.360 --> 00:11:03.600
 those

00:11:03.600 --> 00:11:04.340
 descriptions

00:11:04.340 --> 00:11:05.720
 in the

00:11:05.720 --> 00:11:06.040
 following

00:11:06.040 --> 00:11:06.460
 verses.

00:11:07.140 --> 00:11:07.759
 We're higher

00:11:07.759 --> 00:11:08.360
 than sheep,

00:11:09.160 --> 00:11:09.600
 oxen,

00:11:09.720 --> 00:11:10.000
 beasts,

00:11:10.200 --> 00:11:10.460
 birds,

00:11:10.640 --> 00:11:10.879
 fish,

00:11:11.080 --> 00:11:11.480
 that's

00:11:11.480 --> 00:11:12.259
 everything

00:11:12.259 --> 00:11:13.780
 under which

00:11:13.779 --> 00:11:15.459
 it's put

00:11:15.459 --> 00:11:15.959
 under our

00:11:15.959 --> 00:11:16.220
 feet.

00:11:17.620 --> 00:11:17.980
 Now,

00:11:18.139 --> 00:11:18.620
 that's a

00:11:18.620 --> 00:11:19.039
 unique

00:11:19.039 --> 00:11:19.639
 station,

00:11:20.000 --> 00:11:20.679
 according to

00:11:20.679 --> 00:11:21.559
 verse 5,

00:11:21.620 --> 00:11:21.879
 and this

00:11:21.879 --> 00:11:22.360
 is actually

00:11:22.360 --> 00:11:23.079
 kind of a

00:11:23.079 --> 00:11:24.199
 complementary

00:11:24.199 --> 00:11:25.000
 concept.

00:11:25.319 --> 00:11:25.559
 It says,

00:11:25.959 --> 00:11:26.299
 yet you

00:11:26.299 --> 00:11:26.659
 have made

00:11:26.659 --> 00:11:26.939
 him a

00:11:26.939 --> 00:11:27.319
 little lower

00:11:27.319 --> 00:11:27.899
 than God,

00:11:28.399 --> 00:11:29.279
 and you

00:11:29.279 --> 00:11:29.860
 crown him

00:11:29.860 --> 00:11:30.759
 with glory

00:11:30.759 --> 00:11:31.399
 and majesty.

00:11:31.559 --> 00:11:32.100
 These two

00:11:32.100 --> 00:11:33.679
 things aren't

00:11:33.679 --> 00:11:34.699
 mutually exclusive

00:11:34.699 --> 00:11:35.100
 for me,

00:11:35.159 --> 00:11:36.759
 but there's

00:11:36.759 --> 00:11:37.740
 an inherent

00:11:37.740 --> 00:11:38.659
 connection here.

00:11:39.259 --> 00:11:40.100
 Because God

00:11:40.100 --> 00:11:40.600
 made us

00:11:40.600 --> 00:11:41.179
 this way,

00:11:41.539 --> 00:11:42.259
 we're crowned

00:11:42.259 --> 00:11:42.759
 with glory

00:11:42.759 --> 00:11:43.559
 and majesty.

00:11:45.939 --> 00:11:46.580
 Summarily,

00:11:46.919 --> 00:11:47.759
 according to

00:11:47.759 --> 00:11:48.939
 the psalmist,

00:11:49.500 --> 00:11:50.399
 it is the

00:11:50.399 --> 00:11:51.279
 unique station

00:11:51.279 --> 00:11:52.019
 of humanity,

00:11:52.200 --> 00:11:52.799
 lower than

00:11:52.799 --> 00:11:53.819
 celestial angels,

00:11:54.319 --> 00:11:54.939
 yet ruling

00:11:54.939 --> 00:11:55.779
 among terrestrial

00:11:55.779 --> 00:11:56.279
 beasts,

00:11:56.600 --> 00:11:57.299
 that is the

00:11:57.299 --> 00:11:57.860
 answer to

00:11:57.860 --> 00:11:58.460
 the riddle

00:11:58.460 --> 00:12:00.039
 of what

00:12:00.039 --> 00:12:00.720
 makes us

00:12:00.720 --> 00:12:01.259
 the special

00:12:01.259 --> 00:12:02.100
 recipients of

00:12:02.100 --> 00:12:02.620
 God's

00:12:02.620 --> 00:12:03.519
 paternal care.

00:12:04.980 --> 00:12:05.759
 This would

00:12:05.759 --> 00:12:06.759
 have provoked

00:12:06.759 --> 00:12:07.319
 in the minds

00:12:07.319 --> 00:12:08.220
 of the

00:12:08.220 --> 00:12:09.080
 Israelites

00:12:09.080 --> 00:12:09.960
 reading this

00:12:09.960 --> 00:12:12.240
 psalm and

00:12:12.240 --> 00:12:12.740
 singing it

00:12:12.740 --> 00:12:13.039
 in the

00:12:13.039 --> 00:12:13.340
 temple,

00:12:13.460 --> 00:12:14.180
 the entire

00:12:14.180 --> 00:12:15.000
 Genesis

00:12:15.000 --> 00:12:15.980
 creation

00:12:15.980 --> 00:12:16.720
 context,

00:12:17.180 --> 00:12:17.500
 what is

00:12:17.500 --> 00:12:17.740
 called

00:12:17.740 --> 00:12:18.620
 antecedent

00:12:18.620 --> 00:12:19.220
 theology.

00:12:20.480 --> 00:12:20.799
 And they

00:12:20.799 --> 00:12:21.080
 would have

00:12:21.080 --> 00:12:22.139
 realized that

00:12:22.139 --> 00:12:22.639
 David is

00:12:22.639 --> 00:12:23.220
 invoking the

00:12:23.220 --> 00:12:23.720
 language of

00:12:23.720 --> 00:12:25.360
 creation of

00:12:25.360 --> 00:12:26.159
 God's image

00:12:26.159 --> 00:12:26.879
 in man.

00:12:27.000 --> 00:12:27.440
 So let's

00:12:27.440 --> 00:12:28.299
 go ahead and

00:12:28.299 --> 00:12:28.960
 turn to

00:12:28.960 --> 00:12:31.000
 Genesis 1.

00:12:31.000 --> 00:12:43.120
 looking at

00:12:43.120 --> 00:12:45.059
 verse 26

00:12:45.059 --> 00:12:45.440
 here.

00:12:48.440 --> 00:12:49.220
 Of course,

00:12:49.259 --> 00:12:49.600
 this is the

00:12:49.600 --> 00:12:50.500
 creation narrative,

00:12:50.879 --> 00:12:52.039
 and this is the

00:12:52.039 --> 00:12:52.799
 sixth and final

00:12:52.799 --> 00:12:53.659
 day of creation.

00:12:54.159 --> 00:12:54.659
 God has just

00:12:54.659 --> 00:12:56.019
 created all of

00:12:56.019 --> 00:12:56.779
 the animals and

00:12:56.779 --> 00:12:57.360
 the beasts of the

00:12:57.360 --> 00:12:57.639
 earth.

00:12:57.639 --> 00:12:57.720
 earth.

00:12:58.919 --> 00:12:59.559
 Now he

00:12:59.559 --> 00:13:00.220
 turns to

00:13:00.220 --> 00:13:00.980
 humanity.

00:13:02.419 --> 00:13:03.000
 And he

00:13:03.000 --> 00:13:03.580
 distinguishes

00:13:03.580 --> 00:13:04.879
 humanity from

00:13:04.879 --> 00:13:05.519
 the rest of

00:13:05.519 --> 00:13:06.360
 creation with

00:13:06.360 --> 00:13:07.019
 this kind of

00:13:07.019 --> 00:13:08.860
 divine soliloquy.

00:13:08.960 --> 00:13:09.319
 Some people

00:13:09.319 --> 00:13:10.059
 think this is

00:13:10.059 --> 00:13:10.679
 an inter-

00:13:10.679 --> 00:13:11.319
 trinitarian

00:13:11.319 --> 00:13:12.379
 dialogue going

00:13:12.379 --> 00:13:13.000
 on here.

00:13:15.819 --> 00:13:17.299
 But when he

00:13:17.299 --> 00:13:18.340
 does that, he

00:13:18.340 --> 00:13:19.159
 distinguishes how

00:13:19.159 --> 00:13:19.799
 he's going to go

00:13:19.799 --> 00:13:20.399
 about making

00:13:20.399 --> 00:13:22.059
 mankind from

00:13:22.059 --> 00:13:23.139
 all of the rest

00:13:23.139 --> 00:13:23.860
 of creation.

00:13:23.860 --> 00:13:25.220
 So let's

00:13:25.220 --> 00:13:25.779
 read verses

00:13:25.779 --> 00:13:26.899
 26 to 27

00:13:26.899 --> 00:13:27.440
 real quick.

00:13:28.360 --> 00:13:29.019
 Then God

00:13:29.019 --> 00:13:29.379
 said,

00:13:30.100 --> 00:13:30.580
 Let us make

00:13:30.580 --> 00:13:31.320
 man in our

00:13:31.320 --> 00:13:32.560
 image, according

00:13:32.560 --> 00:13:33.600
 to our likeness,

00:13:34.159 --> 00:13:34.700
 and let them

00:13:34.700 --> 00:13:35.259
 rule over the

00:13:35.259 --> 00:13:36.620
 fish of the

00:13:36.620 --> 00:13:37.159
 sea, and over

00:13:37.159 --> 00:13:37.800
 the birds of

00:13:37.800 --> 00:13:39.019
 the sky, and

00:13:39.019 --> 00:13:39.560
 over the cattle,

00:13:39.700 --> 00:13:40.279
 and over all

00:13:40.279 --> 00:13:41.240
 the earth, and

00:13:41.240 --> 00:13:41.740
 over every

00:13:41.740 --> 00:13:42.399
 creeping thing

00:13:42.399 --> 00:13:43.000
 that creeps on

00:13:43.000 --> 00:13:43.399
 the earth.

00:13:44.200 --> 00:13:45.039
 God created

00:13:45.039 --> 00:13:45.759
 man in his

00:13:45.759 --> 00:13:46.480
 own image, and

00:13:46.480 --> 00:13:46.980
 the image of

00:13:46.980 --> 00:13:47.779
 God created

00:13:47.779 --> 00:13:49.180
 he him, male

00:13:49.180 --> 00:13:49.879
 and female.

00:13:50.420 --> 00:13:50.980
 He created

00:13:50.980 --> 00:13:51.300
 them.

00:13:51.299 --> 00:13:54.159
 Now, those

00:13:54.159 --> 00:13:55.179
 are the same

00:13:55.179 --> 00:13:56.379
 elements as in

00:13:56.379 --> 00:13:57.179
 Psalm 8, right?

00:13:58.039 --> 00:13:59.819
 However, what

00:13:59.819 --> 00:14:01.259
 is assumed in

00:14:01.259 --> 00:14:01.959
 Psalm 8 is

00:14:01.959 --> 00:14:02.639
 that humanity

00:14:02.639 --> 00:14:03.599
 is made in

00:14:03.599 --> 00:14:05.279
 God's image, and

00:14:05.279 --> 00:14:05.959
 according to his

00:14:05.959 --> 00:14:06.500
 likeness.

00:14:07.159 --> 00:14:07.899
 And by the

00:14:07.899 --> 00:14:09.259
 way, those two

00:14:09.259 --> 00:14:09.919
 terms are

00:14:09.919 --> 00:14:10.979
 synonymous in

00:14:10.979 --> 00:14:11.479
 the original.

00:14:12.240 --> 00:14:13.000
 They're kind

00:14:13.000 --> 00:14:14.139
 of seen used

00:14:14.139 --> 00:14:15.019
 interchangeably

00:14:15.019 --> 00:14:15.539
 later in

00:14:15.539 --> 00:14:16.519
 chapter 5 of

00:14:16.519 --> 00:14:16.879
 Genesis.

00:14:17.659 --> 00:14:18.120
 And this is

00:14:18.120 --> 00:14:18.639
 just a way of

00:14:18.639 --> 00:14:19.039
 making the

00:14:19.039 --> 00:14:19.899
 point emphatic.

00:14:20.120 --> 00:14:20.740
 There's been a

00:14:20.740 --> 00:14:21.219
 historical

00:14:21.220 --> 00:14:21.940
 debate over

00:14:21.940 --> 00:14:22.920
 whether image

00:14:22.920 --> 00:14:23.600
 and likeness

00:14:23.600 --> 00:14:24.360
 are two

00:14:24.360 --> 00:14:25.300
 different things,

00:14:25.660 --> 00:14:25.980
 and they've

00:14:25.980 --> 00:14:26.720
 drawn strange

00:14:26.720 --> 00:14:28.379
 conclusions from

00:14:28.379 --> 00:14:28.779
 that.

00:14:29.019 --> 00:14:29.600
 But that's not

00:14:29.600 --> 00:14:30.639
 what's going on

00:14:30.639 --> 00:14:30.860
 here.

00:14:31.480 --> 00:14:32.519
 This is just an

00:14:32.519 --> 00:14:33.560
 emphatic making

00:14:33.560 --> 00:14:34.160
 of the point

00:14:34.160 --> 00:14:34.660
 that mankind

00:14:34.660 --> 00:14:35.860
 is in some

00:14:35.860 --> 00:14:36.960
 way to

00:14:36.960 --> 00:14:37.820
 reflect God.

00:14:39.180 --> 00:14:39.820
 And that

00:14:39.820 --> 00:14:41.580
 manifests itself

00:14:41.580 --> 00:14:42.820
 in humanity's

00:14:42.820 --> 00:14:43.960
 rulership over

00:14:43.960 --> 00:14:44.840
 all creation,

00:14:45.340 --> 00:14:45.960
 what is often

00:14:45.960 --> 00:14:46.820
 referred to as

00:14:46.820 --> 00:14:47.960
 a cultural

00:14:47.960 --> 00:14:48.700
 mandate,

00:14:49.139 --> 00:14:50.160
 made clearer

00:14:50.159 --> 00:14:50.639
 here in verse

00:14:50.639 --> 00:14:51.279
 28.

00:14:51.279 --> 00:14:51.699
 We're to

00:14:51.699 --> 00:14:52.059
 fill,

00:14:52.919 --> 00:14:53.379
 subdue,

00:14:53.699 --> 00:14:54.259
 and rule.

00:14:56.240 --> 00:14:57.199
 Also, note

00:14:57.199 --> 00:14:58.059
 that in a

00:14:58.059 --> 00:14:58.899
 text it says

00:14:58.899 --> 00:15:00.199
 we're both

00:15:00.199 --> 00:15:01.399
 made male and

00:15:01.399 --> 00:15:02.860
 female, an

00:15:02.860 --> 00:15:03.740
 added element

00:15:03.740 --> 00:15:04.679
 of the mandate

00:15:04.679 --> 00:15:05.740
 to multiply

00:15:05.740 --> 00:15:06.959
 and fill the

00:15:06.959 --> 00:15:07.299
 earth.

00:15:07.779 --> 00:15:08.319
 This is a

00:15:08.319 --> 00:15:09.240
 corporate mandate

00:15:09.240 --> 00:15:10.799
 within creation.

00:15:12.079 --> 00:15:12.539
 Now, of course,

00:15:12.740 --> 00:15:13.959
 this would imply

00:15:13.959 --> 00:15:15.459
 a bodily element

00:15:15.459 --> 00:15:16.779
 to humanity

00:15:16.779 --> 00:15:17.740
 in God's

00:15:17.740 --> 00:15:18.059
 image,

00:15:18.179 --> 00:15:18.519
 wouldn't it?

00:15:18.620 --> 00:15:18.919
 However,

00:15:19.659 --> 00:15:20.240
 there's a

00:15:20.240 --> 00:15:21.100
 great historical

00:15:21.100 --> 00:15:21.720
 discussion

00:15:21.720 --> 00:15:22.899
 concerning the

00:15:22.899 --> 00:15:23.459
 nature of the

00:15:23.459 --> 00:15:24.100
 image of God

00:15:24.100 --> 00:15:24.559
 that we have

00:15:24.559 --> 00:15:25.159
 to touch on

00:15:25.159 --> 00:15:25.579
 briefly.

00:15:26.639 --> 00:15:27.399
 On the one

00:15:27.399 --> 00:15:28.000
 hand, you have

00:15:28.000 --> 00:15:29.079
 those who hold

00:15:29.079 --> 00:15:29.659
 to a purely

00:15:29.659 --> 00:15:30.959
 spiritual and

00:15:30.959 --> 00:15:32.240
 intellectual view

00:15:32.240 --> 00:15:32.759
 of the image

00:15:32.759 --> 00:15:33.259
 of God,

00:15:33.620 --> 00:15:34.319
 that it consists

00:15:34.319 --> 00:15:35.000
 only in our

00:15:35.000 --> 00:15:36.220
 reasoning faculties

00:15:36.220 --> 00:15:37.139
 or in our

00:15:37.139 --> 00:15:37.620
 morality.

00:15:38.339 --> 00:15:39.120
 And on the

00:15:39.120 --> 00:15:39.779
 other hand,

00:15:40.019 --> 00:15:40.500
 there are those

00:15:40.500 --> 00:15:41.600
 that hold to a

00:15:41.600 --> 00:15:42.319
 more holistic

00:15:42.319 --> 00:15:44.039
 view, that it

00:15:44.039 --> 00:15:44.699
 concerns the

00:15:44.699 --> 00:15:45.579
 whole person and

00:15:45.580 --> 00:15:46.280
 the whole human

00:15:46.280 --> 00:15:46.680
 nature.

00:15:47.960 --> 00:15:48.400
 Now, in the

00:15:48.400 --> 00:15:49.139
 former camp,

00:15:49.720 --> 00:15:50.580
 the body is

00:15:50.580 --> 00:15:51.320
 viewed as kind

00:15:51.320 --> 00:15:52.520
 of carnal or

00:15:52.520 --> 00:15:53.200
 unnecessary.

00:15:54.879 --> 00:15:55.840
 Often, people

00:15:55.840 --> 00:15:56.500
 who argue for

00:15:56.500 --> 00:15:57.020
 that position

00:15:57.020 --> 00:15:57.400
 will use

00:15:57.400 --> 00:15:58.560
 Platonic language

00:15:58.560 --> 00:15:59.900
 of the body

00:15:59.900 --> 00:16:00.820
 as this prison

00:16:00.820 --> 00:16:01.720
 for the soul.

00:16:03.960 --> 00:16:05.100
 It's simply a

00:16:05.100 --> 00:16:06.180
 way that we

00:16:06.180 --> 00:16:07.020
 kind of relate

00:16:07.020 --> 00:16:07.620
 to God

00:16:07.620 --> 00:16:09.259
 through the

00:16:09.259 --> 00:16:10.480
 mind and the

00:16:10.480 --> 00:16:11.080
 mind alone.

00:16:12.160 --> 00:16:12.500
 And in fact,

00:16:12.780 --> 00:16:13.460
 very prominent

00:16:13.460 --> 00:16:14.420
 theologians,

00:16:14.419 --> 00:16:15.719
 like Jonathan

00:16:15.719 --> 00:16:16.379
 Edwards and

00:16:16.379 --> 00:16:17.199
 Thomas Aquinas

00:16:17.199 --> 00:16:18.319
 held to this

00:16:18.319 --> 00:16:19.299
 view of the

00:16:19.299 --> 00:16:19.819
 image of God

00:16:19.819 --> 00:16:20.439
 residing in

00:16:20.439 --> 00:16:21.099
 the intellect.

00:16:22.959 --> 00:16:23.799
 Now, this is

00:16:23.799 --> 00:16:24.500
 a view that

00:16:24.500 --> 00:16:25.199
 will view the

00:16:25.199 --> 00:16:25.759
 image of God

00:16:25.759 --> 00:16:26.719
 as a part of

00:16:26.719 --> 00:16:27.240
 humanity.

00:16:27.679 --> 00:16:28.319
 And it's led

00:16:28.319 --> 00:16:28.919
 to some other

00:16:28.919 --> 00:16:29.779
 kind of strange

00:16:29.779 --> 00:16:30.979
 ideas like the

00:16:30.979 --> 00:16:31.620
 image of God

00:16:31.620 --> 00:16:32.639
 also consists

00:16:32.639 --> 00:16:33.639
 in the angels.

00:16:33.839 --> 00:16:34.339
 And it's that

00:16:34.339 --> 00:16:35.519
 reasoning from

00:16:35.519 --> 00:16:36.439
 lesser to greater

00:16:36.439 --> 00:16:37.139
 that you would

00:16:37.139 --> 00:16:37.679
 see in that

00:16:37.679 --> 00:16:38.419
 kind of mindset,

00:16:38.659 --> 00:16:38.860
 right?

00:16:39.360 --> 00:16:40.480
 If we have

00:16:40.480 --> 00:16:41.439
 reasoning faculties,

00:16:41.519 --> 00:16:42.259
 well, angels have

00:16:42.259 --> 00:16:42.879
 even greater

00:16:42.879 --> 00:16:43.839
 reasoning faculties.

00:16:43.840 --> 00:16:44.320
 They're greater

00:16:44.320 --> 00:16:45.100
 spiritual beings,

00:16:45.100 --> 00:16:45.680
 so of course

00:16:45.680 --> 00:16:46.160
 they're going to

00:16:46.160 --> 00:16:46.960
 be the image

00:16:46.960 --> 00:16:47.399
 of God as

00:16:47.399 --> 00:16:47.620
 well.

00:16:48.660 --> 00:16:49.780
 However, in

00:16:49.780 --> 00:16:51.800
 verse 26, we

00:16:51.800 --> 00:16:52.759
 see a particular

00:16:52.759 --> 00:16:53.899
 attention to the

00:16:53.899 --> 00:16:56.120
 language here, that

00:16:56.120 --> 00:16:57.600
 man, or literally

00:16:57.600 --> 00:16:59.139
 Adam, singular, is

00:16:59.139 --> 00:17:01.240
 made in the

00:17:01.240 --> 00:17:02.280
 image singular.

00:17:03.440 --> 00:17:05.140
 That is Adam

00:17:05.140 --> 00:17:06.340
 here being viewed

00:17:06.340 --> 00:17:07.000
 as kind of the

00:17:07.000 --> 00:17:07.400
 head of the

00:17:07.400 --> 00:17:08.000
 human race,

00:17:08.059 --> 00:17:08.400
 what's called

00:17:08.400 --> 00:17:09.140
 patronymy.

00:17:09.140 --> 00:17:10.480
 He's that

00:17:10.480 --> 00:17:11.720
 patriarchal kind

00:17:11.720 --> 00:17:12.820
 of head of

00:17:12.820 --> 00:17:13.380
 all of his

00:17:13.380 --> 00:17:14.360
 descendants after

00:17:14.360 --> 00:17:14.980
 him, and he's

00:17:14.980 --> 00:17:16.180
 thus representative

00:17:16.180 --> 00:17:17.100
 of the human

00:17:17.100 --> 00:17:17.600
 race.

00:17:18.360 --> 00:17:19.140
 This is speaking

00:17:19.140 --> 00:17:20.500
 of humanity

00:17:20.500 --> 00:17:22.120
 itself, not a

00:17:22.120 --> 00:17:22.660
 part of the

00:17:22.660 --> 00:17:24.880
 image, but the

00:17:24.880 --> 00:17:25.720
 actual image

00:17:25.720 --> 00:17:26.700
 itself in

00:17:26.700 --> 00:17:27.120
 mankind.

00:17:29.000 --> 00:17:30.360
 In and

00:17:30.360 --> 00:17:30.840
 life.

00:17:32.900 --> 00:17:33.380
 Now, of course,

00:17:33.620 --> 00:17:34.700
 mankind isn't the

00:17:34.700 --> 00:17:35.960
 exact image of

00:17:35.960 --> 00:17:36.580
 God, is it?

00:17:36.579 --> 00:17:38.059
 Only Jesus Christ

00:17:38.059 --> 00:17:39.059
 is the exact

00:17:39.059 --> 00:17:39.819
 image of God.

00:17:39.899 --> 00:17:40.220
 What we're

00:17:40.220 --> 00:17:40.879
 talking about

00:17:40.879 --> 00:17:41.720
 here is

00:17:41.720 --> 00:17:43.299
 analogy, but

00:17:43.299 --> 00:17:43.759
 we're going to

00:17:43.759 --> 00:17:44.480
 get into how

00:17:44.480 --> 00:17:45.359
 Jesus Christ

00:17:45.359 --> 00:17:46.039
 relates to the

00:17:46.039 --> 00:17:46.619
 image of God

00:17:46.619 --> 00:17:47.159
 in the next

00:17:47.159 --> 00:17:48.319
 session, so

00:17:48.319 --> 00:17:49.119
 stay tuned on

00:17:49.119 --> 00:17:49.259
 that.

00:17:50.939 --> 00:17:51.699
 All of this

00:17:51.699 --> 00:17:52.159
 is to say,

00:17:52.559 --> 00:17:53.199
 the image of

00:17:53.199 --> 00:17:53.519
 God in

00:17:53.519 --> 00:17:54.220
 humanity is

00:17:54.220 --> 00:17:55.539
 everything that

00:17:55.539 --> 00:17:56.799
 constituted us

00:17:56.799 --> 00:17:57.699
 in our original

00:17:57.699 --> 00:17:58.859
 created state,

00:17:59.419 --> 00:17:59.839
 including

00:17:59.839 --> 00:18:00.720
 spiritual

00:18:00.720 --> 00:18:01.879
 uprightness, as

00:18:01.879 --> 00:18:02.460
 well as our

00:18:02.460 --> 00:18:03.319
 body and

00:18:03.319 --> 00:18:04.220
 corporate natures.

00:18:05.519 --> 00:18:06.079
 Now, this is a

00:18:06.079 --> 00:18:06.559
 view that's held

00:18:06.559 --> 00:18:07.659
 by prominent

00:18:07.659 --> 00:18:08.639
 theologians, like

00:18:08.639 --> 00:18:10.319
 John Calvin and

00:18:10.319 --> 00:18:10.940
 Herman Boving.

00:18:13.460 --> 00:18:14.679
 And the point

00:18:14.679 --> 00:18:15.539
 here in the text,

00:18:15.679 --> 00:18:16.379
 however, is made

00:18:16.379 --> 00:18:17.319
 even more emphatic

00:18:17.319 --> 00:18:18.299
 in the next

00:18:18.299 --> 00:18:19.940
 chapter, which

00:18:19.940 --> 00:18:20.819
 kind of provides

00:18:20.819 --> 00:18:22.559
 the how to the

00:18:22.559 --> 00:18:24.159
 what of chapter

00:18:24.159 --> 00:18:24.480
 one.

00:18:25.940 --> 00:18:26.759
 Sometimes you'll

00:18:26.759 --> 00:18:27.359
 try and see

00:18:27.359 --> 00:18:28.319
 people pit chapter

00:18:28.319 --> 00:18:29.299
 two against chapter

00:18:29.299 --> 00:18:30.099
 one in Genesis,

00:18:30.299 --> 00:18:31.319
 by the way, as

00:18:31.319 --> 00:18:31.879
 though they're two

00:18:31.879 --> 00:18:32.919
 different creation

00:18:32.919 --> 00:18:33.359
 accounts.

00:18:33.359 --> 00:18:34.819
 but these

00:18:34.819 --> 00:18:35.579
 aren't at odds

00:18:35.579 --> 00:18:35.979
 with each

00:18:35.979 --> 00:18:36.599
 other at all.

00:18:37.000 --> 00:18:37.659
 In fact, chapter

00:18:37.659 --> 00:18:39.479
 two, some

00:18:39.479 --> 00:18:40.359
 commentators believe,

00:18:40.419 --> 00:18:41.059
 is just kind of a

00:18:41.059 --> 00:18:42.000
 commentary on

00:18:42.000 --> 00:18:42.740
 chapter one.

00:18:43.459 --> 00:18:44.099
 So let's read

00:18:44.099 --> 00:18:44.699
 verse seven,

00:18:45.079 --> 00:18:46.799
 chapter two, and

00:18:46.799 --> 00:18:47.599
 then we'll provide

00:18:47.599 --> 00:18:48.639
 a final element

00:18:48.639 --> 00:18:49.779
 to this puzzle.

00:18:51.379 --> 00:18:52.539
 Then the Lord God

00:18:52.539 --> 00:18:53.719
 formed man of dust

00:18:53.719 --> 00:18:54.539
 from the ground

00:18:54.539 --> 00:18:55.439
 and breathed into

00:18:55.439 --> 00:18:57.039
 his nostrils the

00:18:57.039 --> 00:18:57.839
 breath of life,

00:18:58.179 --> 00:18:59.519
 and man became a

00:18:59.519 --> 00:19:00.240
 living being.

00:19:00.240 --> 00:19:02.339
 Now what's

00:19:02.339 --> 00:19:03.480
 especially important

00:19:03.480 --> 00:19:05.559
 here is this

00:19:05.559 --> 00:19:06.960
 language of man

00:19:06.960 --> 00:19:08.599
 being made from

00:19:08.599 --> 00:19:09.359
 first from the

00:19:09.359 --> 00:19:09.880
 dust of the

00:19:09.880 --> 00:19:10.220
 ground.

00:19:10.359 --> 00:19:11.099
 This is a play

00:19:11.099 --> 00:19:12.579
 on words, with

00:19:12.579 --> 00:19:14.279
 man being Adam

00:19:14.279 --> 00:19:15.200
 and the Hebrew

00:19:15.200 --> 00:19:16.779
 word for ground

00:19:16.779 --> 00:19:17.240
 being Adamah.

00:19:19.140 --> 00:19:20.240
 Yet, very

00:19:20.759 --> 00:19:21.500
 importantly, it's

00:19:21.500 --> 00:19:22.599
 not until God's

00:19:22.599 --> 00:19:23.620
 breath of life

00:19:23.620 --> 00:19:25.000
 does he become a

00:19:25.000 --> 00:19:26.220
 living being,

00:19:26.539 --> 00:19:27.460
 which is singular.

00:19:28.339 --> 00:19:29.000
 The theological

00:19:29.000 --> 00:19:30.019
 term we'll use for

00:19:30.019 --> 00:19:31.759
 this is psychosomatic

00:19:31.759 --> 00:19:32.420
 unity.

00:19:33.299 --> 00:19:34.099
 That is to say,

00:19:34.500 --> 00:19:35.779
 both body and

00:19:35.779 --> 00:19:37.319
 soul are essential

00:19:37.319 --> 00:19:38.299
 elements in what

00:19:38.299 --> 00:19:39.480
 constitutes humanity,

00:19:39.799 --> 00:19:40.879
 and thus what the

00:19:40.879 --> 00:19:42.000
 image of God is.

00:19:43.039 --> 00:19:45.059
 Now, how do both

00:19:45.059 --> 00:19:45.859
 body and soul

00:19:45.859 --> 00:19:47.180
 reflect the image

00:19:47.180 --> 00:19:47.639
 of God?

00:19:48.920 --> 00:19:50.980
 Well, God is

00:19:50.980 --> 00:19:52.639
 holy, and so we're

00:19:52.639 --> 00:19:53.299
 supposed to be

00:19:53.299 --> 00:19:53.559
 holy.

00:19:53.779 --> 00:19:55.319
 That's an easier

00:19:55.319 --> 00:19:55.940
 one, right?

00:19:56.500 --> 00:19:57.559
 But also, God is a

00:19:57.559 --> 00:19:58.519
 relational being.

00:19:58.519 --> 00:19:59.839
 He's Trinitarian.

00:20:00.920 --> 00:20:02.839
 He's pure love, and

00:20:02.839 --> 00:20:04.339
 pure disposed to

00:20:04.339 --> 00:20:05.019
 want to love.

00:20:05.920 --> 00:20:07.859
 Therefore, we are to

00:20:07.859 --> 00:20:08.779
 be relational as

00:20:08.779 --> 00:20:09.000
 well.

00:20:09.259 --> 00:20:10.180
 He's designed us to

00:20:10.180 --> 00:20:10.859
 be fundamentally

00:20:10.859 --> 00:20:12.440
 relational and loving

00:20:12.440 --> 00:20:12.920
 creatures.

00:20:14.139 --> 00:20:16.139
 God is also the

00:20:16.139 --> 00:20:17.660
 sovereign and divine

00:20:17.660 --> 00:20:19.379
 creator, and we're to

00:20:19.379 --> 00:20:20.960
 emulate that in our

00:20:20.960 --> 00:20:22.539
 stewardship mandate by

00:20:22.539 --> 00:20:25.160
 subjecting creation and

00:20:25.160 --> 00:20:26.680
 governing it as

00:20:26.680 --> 00:20:27.279
 representatives.

00:20:29.080 --> 00:20:30.060
 Now, the great

00:20:30.060 --> 00:20:30.920
 question is, how does

00:20:30.920 --> 00:20:31.799
 this extend to the

00:20:31.799 --> 00:20:32.080
 body?

00:20:32.180 --> 00:20:33.060
 But I think it does

00:20:33.060 --> 00:20:34.240
 extend to the body,

00:20:34.360 --> 00:20:36.019
 which enables us to

00:20:36.019 --> 00:20:37.560
 act as our natures, and

00:20:37.560 --> 00:20:38.700
 within our natures, just

00:20:38.700 --> 00:20:39.480
 as God does.

00:20:39.620 --> 00:20:41.600
 So, we communicate with

00:20:41.600 --> 00:20:42.840
 each other, with our

00:20:42.840 --> 00:20:43.220
 voices.

00:20:43.460 --> 00:20:45.039
 We see our environment

00:20:45.039 --> 00:20:46.340
 in order to act.

00:20:46.720 --> 00:20:48.580
 We hear things around

00:20:48.580 --> 00:20:49.039
 us.

00:20:49.140 --> 00:20:51.279
 But unlike beasts, we

00:20:51.279 --> 00:20:52.500
 attempt to make sense of

00:20:52.500 --> 00:20:52.980
 these things.

00:20:52.980 --> 00:20:54.740
 We harmonize them with

00:20:54.740 --> 00:20:56.480
 our sense perceptions, and

00:20:56.480 --> 00:20:57.519
 we understand the

00:20:57.519 --> 00:20:58.640
 creation God has made.

00:20:58.740 --> 00:20:59.960
 Of course, God doesn't

00:20:59.960 --> 00:21:01.700
 have a body, but God is

00:21:01.700 --> 00:21:02.759
 able to do all these

00:21:02.759 --> 00:21:03.720
 things without a body

00:21:03.720 --> 00:21:04.960
 because of his infinite

00:21:04.960 --> 00:21:06.779
 love, infinite wisdom,

00:21:06.960 --> 00:21:08.660
 the immensity of his

00:21:08.660 --> 00:21:10.000
 nature, his omnipresence,

00:21:10.360 --> 00:21:11.559
 and the absoluteness of

00:21:11.559 --> 00:21:12.519
 his essence.

00:21:12.759 --> 00:21:13.779
 There's really something

00:21:13.779 --> 00:21:15.640
 very special, unique, and

00:21:15.640 --> 00:21:16.839
 set apart to the human

00:21:16.839 --> 00:21:18.259
 form and the human body

00:21:18.259 --> 00:21:20.120
 as it bears reference to

00:21:20.120 --> 00:21:21.500
 our composition.

00:21:21.500 --> 00:21:23.619
 And that's why Paul will

00:21:23.619 --> 00:21:25.039
 later say in 1 Corinthians

00:21:25.039 --> 00:21:27.680
 15, 39, all flesh is not

00:21:27.680 --> 00:21:29.140
 the same flesh, but there

00:21:29.140 --> 00:21:30.980
 is one flesh of men, and

00:21:30.980 --> 00:21:32.500
 another flesh of beasts, and

00:21:32.500 --> 00:21:33.920
 another flesh of birds.

00:21:34.079 --> 00:21:35.619
 And in that context, he's

00:21:35.619 --> 00:21:36.460
 talking about the

00:21:36.460 --> 00:21:37.839
 uniqueness of the

00:21:37.839 --> 00:21:39.420
 resurrection in relation

00:21:39.420 --> 00:21:39.940
 to Jesus.

00:21:41.539 --> 00:21:43.460
 So, this raises a

00:21:43.460 --> 00:21:44.640
 classic question.

00:21:45.380 --> 00:21:47.299
 Is the image of God lost

00:21:47.299 --> 00:21:48.799
 with sin and the fall?

00:21:48.859 --> 00:21:49.500
 We've talked about

00:21:49.500 --> 00:21:49.980
 holiness.

00:21:49.980 --> 00:21:51.400
 We've talked about our

00:21:51.400 --> 00:21:52.480
 standing at original

00:21:52.480 --> 00:21:53.099
 creation.

00:21:53.819 --> 00:21:55.220
 But what about the fall?

00:21:56.319 --> 00:21:57.839
 I think, however, if we

00:21:57.839 --> 00:21:59.200
 take this view that the

00:21:59.200 --> 00:22:00.839
 image of God is the whole

00:22:00.839 --> 00:22:02.860
 person, then the answer is

00:22:02.860 --> 00:22:04.200
 clearly no.

00:22:04.819 --> 00:22:06.000
 There are still human

00:22:06.000 --> 00:22:07.200
 beings around, yes?

00:22:07.579 --> 00:22:08.519
 And that means that the

00:22:08.519 --> 00:22:09.740
 image of God is still in

00:22:09.740 --> 00:22:11.200
 some way, shape, or form

00:22:11.200 --> 00:22:11.980
 extent.

00:22:11.980 --> 00:22:12.819
 extent.

00:22:14.500 --> 00:22:17.400
 Regardless, Genesis 5, 1-3,

00:22:17.660 --> 00:22:21.360
 Genesis 9, 6, James 3, 9, all

00:22:21.360 --> 00:22:23.319
 speak of the image of God

00:22:23.319 --> 00:22:25.079
 as continually present in

00:22:25.079 --> 00:22:25.740
 humanity.

00:22:27.660 --> 00:22:29.519
 Instead, the language that

00:22:29.519 --> 00:22:31.759
 theologians will use is that

00:22:31.759 --> 00:22:33.940
 it has been defaced but not

00:22:33.940 --> 00:22:35.880
 erased, which is just a little

00:22:35.880 --> 00:22:39.460
 helpful way of remembering how

00:22:39.460 --> 00:22:40.079
 that works.

00:22:40.880 --> 00:22:42.019
 So there are certain aspects

00:22:42.019 --> 00:22:43.980
 of the image that is right

00:22:43.980 --> 00:22:45.440
 reasoning, spiritual standing

00:22:45.440 --> 00:22:47.559
 before God, also known as

00:22:47.559 --> 00:22:49.720
 original righteousness, even

00:22:49.720 --> 00:22:51.640
 bodily harmony with the soul.

00:22:53.720 --> 00:22:57.960
 In Genesis 3, 7, that you can

00:22:57.960 --> 00:22:59.279
 see kind of starting to function

00:22:59.279 --> 00:23:02.039
 improperly, where they've sinned

00:23:02.039 --> 00:23:03.279
 initially in the garden, right?

00:23:03.299 --> 00:23:03.940
 They've been tempted.

00:23:03.940 --> 00:23:05.720
 And then all of a sudden, they

00:23:05.720 --> 00:23:07.400
 are aware of their nakedness,

00:23:07.480 --> 00:23:08.680
 and they're ashamed of that,

00:23:08.820 --> 00:23:09.059
 right?

00:23:09.360 --> 00:23:10.820
 There's something that has

00:23:10.820 --> 00:23:12.100
 gone wrong in the physical

00:23:12.100 --> 00:23:12.500
 order.

00:23:13.340 --> 00:23:14.320
 Everything has become, in

00:23:14.320 --> 00:23:15.980
 fact, disordered with sin.

00:23:16.840 --> 00:23:18.059
 And that's why everything

00:23:18.059 --> 00:23:19.140
 needs the promise of

00:23:19.140 --> 00:23:21.100
 redemption, of the redemption

00:23:21.100 --> 00:23:22.620
 of humanity achieved in the

00:23:22.620 --> 00:23:24.680
 person and work of Christ, who

00:23:24.680 --> 00:23:25.820
 is the second Adam.

00:23:26.700 --> 00:23:28.059
 And again, we're going to hold

00:23:28.059 --> 00:23:29.860
 off on talking about that a

00:23:29.860 --> 00:23:31.019
 little bit more until next

00:23:31.019 --> 00:23:31.400
 week.

00:23:31.400 --> 00:23:34.460
 So, I thought I would just

00:23:34.460 --> 00:23:36.019
 give some points of

00:23:36.019 --> 00:23:36.600
 application.

00:23:36.840 --> 00:23:38.480
 Here's one just major point

00:23:38.480 --> 00:23:40.420
 of application that we can

00:23:40.420 --> 00:23:42.380
 draw from this view, this

00:23:42.380 --> 00:23:44.759
 very cosmological or

00:23:44.759 --> 00:23:46.940
 fundamental created view of

00:23:46.940 --> 00:23:47.840
 the image of God.

00:23:48.400 --> 00:23:51.759
 And the primary point here is

00:23:51.759 --> 00:23:52.880
 that of the dignity of

00:23:52.880 --> 00:23:54.600
 humanity, right?

00:23:55.300 --> 00:23:57.840
 I mean, this sheds new light on

00:23:57.840 --> 00:23:59.000
 the first and foremost

00:23:59.000 --> 00:24:00.460
 commandment, that we are to

00:24:00.460 --> 00:24:02.779
 love the Lord, your God, with

00:24:02.779 --> 00:24:04.440
 all your heart, with all your

00:24:04.440 --> 00:24:05.860
 soul, and with all your mind,

00:24:06.279 --> 00:24:07.880
 and that we should love our

00:24:07.880 --> 00:24:09.539
 neighbors as ourselves, right?

00:24:10.360 --> 00:24:12.720
 According to Christ, these two

00:24:12.720 --> 00:24:15.539
 are one commandment directly

00:24:15.539 --> 00:24:16.960
 related to one another.

00:24:17.660 --> 00:24:19.960
 That is to say, the way you

00:24:19.960 --> 00:24:21.860
 treat your neighbor who is in

00:24:21.860 --> 00:24:24.240
 God's image directly corresponds

00:24:24.240 --> 00:24:26.319
 to what you think about your

00:24:26.319 --> 00:24:26.840
 creator.

00:24:26.839 --> 00:24:30.759
 John Calvin, in talking about the

00:24:30.759 --> 00:24:33.000
 image of God, writes this,

00:24:33.000 --> 00:24:34.000
 verse 1.

00:24:34.000 --> 00:24:36.079
 We are not to consider that men

00:24:36.079 --> 00:24:39.039
 merit of themselves, but to

00:24:39.039 --> 00:24:40.279
 look upon the image of God in

00:24:40.279 --> 00:24:42.359
 all men, to which we owe all

00:24:42.359 --> 00:24:42.720
 honor.

00:24:43.740 --> 00:24:46.200
 Therefore, whatever man you meet

00:24:46.200 --> 00:24:49.099
 who needs your aid, you have no

00:24:49.099 --> 00:24:50.779
 reason to refuse to help him.

00:24:51.599 --> 00:24:54.700
 Say, he is a stranger, but the

00:24:54.700 --> 00:24:56.640
 Lord has given him a mark that

00:24:56.640 --> 00:24:58.480
 ought to be familiar to you, by

00:24:58.480 --> 00:25:00.539
 virtue of the fact that he forbids

00:25:00.539 --> 00:25:02.220
 you to despise your own flesh.

00:25:03.319 --> 00:25:05.720
 Say, he is contemptible and

00:25:05.720 --> 00:25:08.579
 worthless, but the Lord shows him

00:25:08.579 --> 00:25:11.019
 to be one to whom he has deigned to

00:25:11.019 --> 00:25:12.519
 give the beauty of his image.

00:25:13.559 --> 00:25:16.159
 Say, that you owe nothing for any

00:25:16.159 --> 00:25:19.180
 service of his, but God, as it were,

00:25:19.539 --> 00:25:22.159
 has put him in his own place in

00:25:22.159 --> 00:25:23.980
 order that you may recognize toward

00:25:23.980 --> 00:25:27.099
 him the many and great benefits with

00:25:27.099 --> 00:25:29.079
 which God has bound you to himself.

00:25:30.019 --> 00:25:32.199
 Say, that he does not deserve even

00:25:32.199 --> 00:25:34.279
 your least efforts for his sake.

00:25:34.919 --> 00:25:36.639
 But the image of God, which

00:25:36.639 --> 00:25:39.639
 recommends him to you, is worthy of

00:25:39.639 --> 00:25:41.579
 your giving yourself and all your

00:25:41.579 --> 00:25:42.059
 possessions.

00:25:42.919 --> 00:25:46.319
 We must remember not to consider men's

00:25:46.319 --> 00:25:49.099
 evil intentions, but to look upon the

00:25:49.099 --> 00:25:51.799
 image of God in them, which, with its

00:25:51.799 --> 00:25:55.119
 beauty, allures us to love and embrace

00:25:55.119 --> 00:25:59.219
 them. Now, that's breathtakingly

00:25:59.219 --> 00:26:02.359
 universal in scope. And it's

00:26:02.359 --> 00:26:04.719
 breathtakingly universal because it

00:26:04.719 --> 00:26:06.959
 reflects the very heart of our

00:26:06.959 --> 00:26:10.019
 creator, doesn't it? This should

00:26:10.019 --> 00:26:12.939
 profoundly shape how we think of every

00:26:12.939 --> 00:26:15.799
 man, woman, and child. That is,

00:26:15.879 --> 00:26:18.679
 everyone who's in Adam, without

00:26:18.679 --> 00:26:22.699
 exception. This is a dignity, in fact,

00:26:22.700 --> 00:26:26.380
 that extends not just to the soul, but

00:26:26.380 --> 00:26:28.519
 which extends to the body as well.

00:26:29.319 --> 00:26:31.779
 And that has some profound implications

00:26:31.779 --> 00:26:34.340
 for ethical issues today. I won't get

00:26:34.340 --> 00:26:35.860
 into that in particular. In fact, I

00:26:35.860 --> 00:26:38.799
 started to list out all of the ethical

00:26:38.799 --> 00:26:41.460
 issues that we face today that could be

00:26:41.460 --> 00:26:44.299
 affected and informed by this view of

00:26:44.299 --> 00:26:47.319
 the image of God. And I just gave up

00:26:47.319 --> 00:26:50.420
 because it encompasses really everything

00:26:50.420 --> 00:26:53.160
 that we deal with in terms of modern, the

00:26:53.160 --> 00:26:54.100
 modern conversation.

00:26:56.600 --> 00:26:59.880
 We are held to have a stewardship of our

00:26:59.880 --> 00:27:02.460
 minds and our bodies that's tied to the

00:27:02.460 --> 00:27:06.140
 integrity of both. And in doing so, that

00:27:06.140 --> 00:27:09.160
 means that God himself is honor.

00:27:10.560 --> 00:27:14.320
 So, I thought I'd close, we're closing a

00:27:14.320 --> 00:27:17.320
 bit early, but I thought I'd close by

00:27:17.319 --> 00:27:21.299
 asking, what is man that God is mindful

00:27:21.299 --> 00:27:26.259
 of him? Well, he is created in his very

00:27:26.259 --> 00:27:29.240
 image to personally reflect his goodness

00:27:29.240 --> 00:27:32.439
 in our creatureliness. And that is the

00:27:32.439 --> 00:27:36.039
 image of God in man. So, let's just close

00:27:36.039 --> 00:27:37.119
 with a quick word of prayer, and then

00:27:37.119 --> 00:27:39.159
 we'll have some questions and answers at

00:27:39.159 --> 00:27:39.700
 the end here.

00:27:39.700 --> 00:27:46.740
 Heavenly Father, it's humbling to realize

00:27:46.740 --> 00:27:49.080
 that of all the creatures, the creatures

00:27:49.080 --> 00:27:53.240
 that you've created, we alone are in your

00:27:53.240 --> 00:27:55.819
 image. And the fact that we don't deserve

00:27:55.819 --> 00:27:57.519
 to be in your image, that was your choice

00:27:57.519 --> 00:28:00.140
 to create us this way. And that we're held

00:28:00.140 --> 00:28:02.140
 to a higher accountability because of that.

00:28:02.140 --> 00:28:08.220
 Let us live lives that emulate that, that

00:28:08.220 --> 00:28:14.020
 respond to your presence in creation.

00:28:15.500 --> 00:28:18.200
 And help us as believers realize the

00:28:18.200 --> 00:28:23.520
 amazing reality that we bear not only the

00:28:23.520 --> 00:28:25.300
 image of God, but the image of your son,

00:28:25.400 --> 00:28:27.500
 Jesus Christ. And help us live up to that

00:28:27.500 --> 00:28:29.440
 responsibility by the work of your spirit.

00:28:29.860 --> 00:28:30.060
 Amen.

00:28:30.060 --> 00:28:30.160
 Amen.

00:28:32.140 --> 00:28:36.240
 So, if there's any questions.

00:28:39.120 --> 00:28:41.080
 I know that's kind of a lightning round

00:28:41.080 --> 00:28:43.340
 image of God, right? That's like everything

00:28:43.340 --> 00:28:45.240
 that you could, it's kind of crammed into

00:28:45.240 --> 00:28:47.440
 30 minutes. And we're going to be getting

00:28:47.440 --> 00:28:49.300
 into a lot more of the other aspects of

00:28:49.300 --> 00:28:51.420
 the image of God in the following weeks

00:28:51.420 --> 00:28:52.840
 because there's a lot that we have to

00:28:52.840 --> 00:28:54.580
 talk about, about what it means to be in

00:28:54.580 --> 00:28:57.600
 Adam, right? And then in Christ. And then

00:28:57.600 --> 00:29:00.040
 also, what does it mean for our human

00:29:00.040 --> 00:29:02.080
 bodies when we're glorified into eternity?

00:29:02.140 --> 00:29:04.460
 So, Tyler, yeah.

00:29:04.860 --> 00:29:07.780
 You mentioned the debate between where does the

00:29:07.780 --> 00:29:09.420
 image of God entail with the rational

00:29:09.420 --> 00:29:13.080
 faculties versus the body. What's that

00:29:13.080 --> 00:29:15.040
 state in that question, depending on how you

00:29:15.040 --> 00:29:17.740
 answer it? Like, what are the implications

00:29:17.740 --> 00:29:21.000
 of saying it doesn't involve the body?

00:29:21.660 --> 00:29:24.040
 You know, like, it's only the mental and

00:29:24.040 --> 00:29:26.340
 rational faculties of a man or a woman.

00:29:27.240 --> 00:29:28.980
 What's that state in that question?

00:29:29.579 --> 00:29:31.519
 Yeah, so the human body in that sense tends

00:29:31.519 --> 00:29:33.779
 to be downplayed and there's less of a, less

00:29:33.779 --> 00:29:35.400
 of an understanding of the integrity of the

00:29:35.400 --> 00:29:38.140
 body, right? How we're going to treat that, how

00:29:38.140 --> 00:29:40.000
 we're going to view it as, you know, trying to

00:29:40.000 --> 00:29:42.799
 preserve it, trying to uphold it as something

00:29:42.799 --> 00:29:46.200
 that is, has a kind of inherent worth in it.

00:29:46.200 --> 00:29:48.740
 And you'll see this kind of, this kind of move

00:29:48.740 --> 00:29:52.920
 that some people have, um, classically in theology,

00:29:53.519 --> 00:29:56.779
 um, where the human body is seen as this, this

00:29:56.779 --> 00:30:00.259
 shackles for humanity. Um, whereas the Bible

00:30:00.259 --> 00:30:02.440
 doesn't depict it that way. It's seen as the

00:30:02.440 --> 00:30:04.360
 very vehicle by which we can interact with the

00:30:04.360 --> 00:30:06.080
 world around us. It's seen as something that's

00:30:06.080 --> 00:30:09.259
 very beneficial towards, um, having a, you

00:30:09.259 --> 00:30:12.120
 know, human flourishing, uh, uh, that we can

00:30:12.119 --> 00:30:15.079
 enjoy creation. Uh, creation is never pitted

00:30:15.079 --> 00:30:20.519
 against, um, our souls in that kind of way. Um,

00:30:20.719 --> 00:30:23.339
 it's seen as something that's very, very, uh,

00:30:23.719 --> 00:30:28.099
 beneficial. Um, so people who hold that view

00:30:28.099 --> 00:30:30.619
 tend to kind of use the body as, I think

00:30:30.619 --> 00:30:32.679
 sometimes we think that implicitly too, don't

00:30:32.679 --> 00:30:34.819
 we, that this body is just getting in the way

00:30:34.819 --> 00:30:37.099
 of, of us being able to reason properly or

00:30:37.099 --> 00:30:40.099
 think properly. Whereas you kind of think

00:30:40.099 --> 00:30:41.740
 through it and you realize there have been

00:30:41.740 --> 00:30:44.759
 some interesting studies about this as well. Um,

00:30:44.899 --> 00:30:47.159
 that in order for us to have a, uh, you know,

00:30:47.819 --> 00:30:50.759
 very whole psychological development, we need

00:30:50.759 --> 00:30:53.339
 to have kind of an embodiment to us. We need

00:30:53.339 --> 00:30:55.899
 to be able to interact with other people and

00:30:55.899 --> 00:30:58.819
 to see them and to read expressions. And, um,

00:30:58.980 --> 00:31:01.000
 some of the psychological studies have had to

00:31:01.000 --> 00:31:04.000
 do with infants as well. Um, where it's shown

00:31:04.000 --> 00:31:06.719
 that they kind of mirror people's expressions

00:31:06.719 --> 00:31:08.819
 and that's how they, they grow and develop

00:31:08.819 --> 00:31:11.759
 psychologically. Um, um, but so if you take

00:31:11.759 --> 00:31:13.779
 the somatic element, the, excuse me, the bodily

00:31:13.779 --> 00:31:16.879
 element, you know, out of it, then you start

00:31:16.879 --> 00:31:21.179
 to get this kind of, uh, dualism almost. Uh, this

00:31:21.179 --> 00:31:24.019
 is very, very classically kind of platonic. And

00:31:24.019 --> 00:31:26.939
 it leads to some odd theology. One of those is

00:31:26.939 --> 00:31:30.700
 the image of God and angels as well. Um, which

00:31:30.700 --> 00:31:34.519
 I don't think there's biblical proof for. Um, and

00:31:34.519 --> 00:31:36.700
 that goes all the way back to this, this kind

00:31:36.700 --> 00:31:39.680
 of pseudo Christian Greek thinker called

00:31:39.680 --> 00:31:42.840
 Dionysius, pseudo Dionysius. We know that

00:31:42.840 --> 00:31:47.480
 he's not really Dionysius anymore. Uh, but he, he

00:31:47.480 --> 00:31:51.720
 had this reasoning, uh, that led to, uh, influenced

00:31:51.720 --> 00:31:54.360
 Gregory, that influenced Thomas Aquinas, and it

00:31:54.360 --> 00:31:57.180
 started to get more built into how we thought

00:31:57.180 --> 00:31:59.799
 about the image of God as consisting in angels. And

00:31:59.799 --> 00:32:03.799
 then another weird theological implication, um, that

00:32:03.799 --> 00:32:06.680
 you see crop up in the 16th century. And

00:32:06.680 --> 00:32:08.259
 actually I just wrote this paper that

00:32:08.259 --> 00:32:11.680
 Jonathan Edwards, uh, on Jonathan Edwards, where

00:32:11.680 --> 00:32:14.139
 in his sermons he teaches this as well, which

00:32:14.139 --> 00:32:19.119
 is if you lose the intellectual faculty, right? It's

00:32:19.119 --> 00:32:21.440
 actually a part of man. If you lose that part

00:32:21.440 --> 00:32:24.500
 of man, that is the intellectual faculty being in

00:32:24.500 --> 00:32:27.000
 the image of God. Well, what, what do you have

00:32:27.000 --> 00:32:30.259
 to replace that? Well, it's the image of Satan. And

00:32:30.259 --> 00:32:32.680
 so you see Edwards teaching it in some of his

00:32:32.680 --> 00:32:34.379
 sermons. It's very weird. He doesn't teach it in

00:32:34.379 --> 00:32:36.619
 his published literature. Uh, so I, I don't, I'm not

00:32:36.619 --> 00:32:41.200
 sure you actually believe it. But, um, it was a huge

00:32:41.200 --> 00:32:43.700
 controversy because in a, in a sense that meant

00:32:43.700 --> 00:32:48.819
 that, uh, God was actually creating, continuing to

00:32:48.819 --> 00:32:51.599
 create people who are in Satan's image. It's very, a

00:32:51.599 --> 00:32:54.619
 strange idea. So you have to have the somatic

00:32:54.619 --> 00:32:58.319
 element, all that to say, or else you, your

00:32:58.319 --> 00:33:00.939
 theology starts to go, to go left a little bit.

00:33:02.379 --> 00:33:05.879
 How, so you seem to want the image of God to

00:33:05.879 --> 00:33:10.659
 kind of, the, the attributes, which go with the

00:33:10.659 --> 00:33:12.279
 image of God at least. Yeah. You want those to be

00:33:12.279 --> 00:33:15.379
 able to grade without the image of God itself

00:33:15.379 --> 00:33:19.139
 being able to grade. Right. So I have a few, I

00:33:19.139 --> 00:33:22.799
 have less of, I have less more rectitude. Right.

00:33:22.980 --> 00:33:25.759
 Than I really should have. Mm-hmm. Full. Right. Image of

00:33:25.759 --> 00:33:40.460
 God. Yeah. So, so, so, so if you do view it as

00:33:40.460 --> 00:33:42.640
 pertaining to something that's a part of

00:33:42.640 --> 00:33:45.180
 humanity, right, instead of just everything that's

00:33:45.180 --> 00:33:48.259
 combined in humanity together as a quality, then

00:33:48.259 --> 00:33:51.140
 what happens is if, it creates this, this problem,

00:33:51.140 --> 00:33:53.120
 and we can, this would be a great time to

00:33:53.120 --> 00:33:56.380
 mention this, um, one problem with the

00:33:56.380 --> 00:33:59.880
 intellectual issue of the image of God is

00:33:59.880 --> 00:34:02.900
 that what happens with people with mental

00:34:02.900 --> 00:34:06.759
 disabilities. And that's a huge, huge debate. If

00:34:06.759 --> 00:34:08.680
 you read some of the literature on the image of

00:34:08.680 --> 00:34:09.920
 God, it's, you know, what are you going to do

00:34:09.920 --> 00:34:12.519
 with, with people who seem to have some sort

00:34:12.519 --> 00:34:17.680
 of cognitive inhibition here? Well, if you hold

00:34:17.679 --> 00:34:19.659
 the, the image of God has to do with everything

00:34:19.659 --> 00:34:22.339
 that's in man, it has to do, do with who the,

00:34:22.579 --> 00:34:27.239
 who people are, not necessarily what they do, um,

00:34:27.339 --> 00:34:31.259
 then that means you can have a decrease in how, how

00:34:31.259 --> 00:34:33.599
 those faculties are functioning and still realize

00:34:33.599 --> 00:34:37.000
 that person is still in God's image. Um, and you

00:34:37.000 --> 00:34:39.799
 don't have that, like what you're saying, that

00:34:39.799 --> 00:34:44.139
 kind of, um, entire absolute loss of the image of

00:34:44.139 --> 00:34:48.559
 God, um, if mankind bears it, as opposed to he

00:34:48.559 --> 00:34:50.799
 actually is it. So I guess what I'm trying to

00:34:50.799 --> 00:34:54.039
 say is mankind is the image of God, as opposed

00:34:54.039 --> 00:34:57.839
 to he just has a part of, of this, of this

00:34:57.839 --> 00:35:01.139
 image. Is that, is that helpful? Yeah. Yeah. I

00:35:01.139 --> 00:35:03.239
 guess I'm, I'm still kind of curious about how

00:35:03.239 --> 00:35:10.019
 you manage. Why, how does the image of God

00:35:10.019 --> 00:35:14.980
 manage to be binary when all the parts are not? Does

00:35:14.980 --> 00:35:16.840
 that make sense? How does the image of God

00:35:16.840 --> 00:35:19.420
 manage to be binary when all the parts are

00:35:19.420 --> 00:35:22.019
 not? Like, um, all the, so there's all these

00:35:22.019 --> 00:35:24.920
 different attributes which go into our being in

00:35:24.920 --> 00:35:26.599
 the image of God and they all come in

00:35:26.599 --> 00:35:32.159
 green. Yeah. Why, why isn't the image of God a

00:35:32.159 --> 00:35:35.480
 gradient, kind of like an average of where you

00:35:35.480 --> 00:35:41.420
 fall in all the other aspects? Yeah. I mean,

00:35:41.980 --> 00:35:46.940
 it's not necessarily, again, it's not

00:35:46.940 --> 00:35:50.559
 necessarily that it pertains to all the, each

00:35:50.559 --> 00:35:53.539
 individual moving part in the equation. It

00:35:53.539 --> 00:35:55.099
 seems like you're still, like you're, you're

00:35:55.099 --> 00:35:58.059
 still thinking of it in terms of like how, how

00:35:58.059 --> 00:36:01.480
 if all those parts are contained together, right? How

00:36:01.480 --> 00:36:05.199
 if you miss one part, then that doesn't affect

00:36:05.199 --> 00:36:06.900
 it systemically as a whole. Is that what

00:36:06.900 --> 00:36:11.800
 you're asking? Um, yeah. Something like

00:36:11.800 --> 00:36:13.820
 that? Okay. Yeah. Answer that question

00:36:13.820 --> 00:36:15.800
 probably in certain parts. Yeah, yeah, yeah,

00:36:15.800 --> 00:36:19.659
 yeah, yeah. So, um, and again, I, I, you

00:36:19.659 --> 00:36:21.599
 know, don't want to sound like a broken

00:36:21.599 --> 00:36:23.539
 record, so I'm sorry if I'm not quite

00:36:23.539 --> 00:36:26.079
 answering your question, but it's all of

00:36:26.079 --> 00:36:28.960
 those elements in the unique union together

00:36:28.960 --> 00:36:31.659
 that forms the, the image of God, right? So,

00:36:31.900 --> 00:36:34.639
 okay. It, it isn't necessarily those

00:36:34.639 --> 00:36:37.960
 elements themselves, right? The body, the

00:36:37.960 --> 00:36:39.639
 soul, the reasoning faculties, the

00:36:39.639 --> 00:36:42.900
 original rectitude, or whatever. It's the

00:36:42.900 --> 00:36:44.500
 fact that all of those are taken together

00:36:44.500 --> 00:36:46.300
 in one person, right? It's like the fact

00:36:46.300 --> 00:36:48.019
 that we have this capacity. We have the

00:36:48.019 --> 00:36:50.079
 capacities. So I've heard it described as, is

00:36:50.079 --> 00:36:53.280
 the faculty versus function, right? We're, we're

00:36:53.280 --> 00:36:55.079
 not talking about what we, what we do

00:36:55.079 --> 00:36:57.800
 necessarily. Who we are leads to what we

00:36:57.800 --> 00:37:00.820
 do, right? But it, it has to do with

00:37:00.820 --> 00:37:03.039
 actually who we are on a more kind of

00:37:03.039 --> 00:37:05.360
 ontological level. Yeah.

00:37:06.360 --> 00:37:11.900
 So, um, I mean, part, in a sense, I guess

00:37:11.900 --> 00:37:15.000
 part of the challenge of this is, it

00:37:15.000 --> 00:37:17.480
 doesn't seem like, and one of the reasons

00:37:17.480 --> 00:37:18.760
 why you have so many different

00:37:18.760 --> 00:37:21.800
 theology, but we're all evangelicals, and

00:37:21.800 --> 00:37:23.320
 so we do want to kind of base it on the

00:37:23.320 --> 00:37:27.480
 way to, uh, we, uh, we can't quite decide

00:37:27.480 --> 00:37:31.500
 this thing decisively. Is it, we're not

00:37:31.500 --> 00:37:34.180
 really that simplistic on what actually

00:37:34.180 --> 00:37:37.120
 the image of God is supposed to be on. So

00:37:37.120 --> 00:37:39.559
 there is a measure of expectancy. Yeah. And I

00:37:39.559 --> 00:37:41.220
 really appreciate how the way we do it,

00:37:41.220 --> 00:37:43.039
 where there's certain things that it is

00:37:43.039 --> 00:37:44.620
 clear on, and certain things that we need

00:37:44.620 --> 00:37:47.240
 to sustain. But, and, and maybe this is

00:37:47.240 --> 00:37:49.019
 kind of the question you're getting at. If it

00:37:49.019 --> 00:37:51.119
 seems like there is going to be an

00:37:51.119 --> 00:37:55.500
 aspect where, um, you want to have an

00:37:55.500 --> 00:37:58.259
 absolute, but then there's also a sense

00:37:58.259 --> 00:38:00.599
 of being recognized relative. Because if

00:38:00.599 --> 00:38:02.759
 if, if, if, if fundamental the image of

00:38:02.759 --> 00:38:06.960
 God, human image of God is Christ. And I'm

00:38:06.960 --> 00:38:09.820
 sure you can get to this. Right. In one

00:38:09.820 --> 00:38:13.199
 sense, we are an image of the image of God. Um,

00:38:13.199 --> 00:38:15.919
 and there is a sense in which we will, uh,

00:38:15.919 --> 00:38:18.939
 we will reflect. Yeah. Yeah. We're

00:38:18.939 --> 00:38:21.899
 increasingly conformed to the image. So

00:38:21.899 --> 00:38:23.259
 there's a sense in which we need to

00:38:23.259 --> 00:38:25.359
 recognize that there's a relative. We, we

00:38:25.359 --> 00:38:27.799
 are increasingly, increasingly conformed

00:38:27.799 --> 00:38:30.079
 to Christ. That's going to, that's going

00:38:30.079 --> 00:38:32.419
 to, that's going to grow. It's in, in one

00:38:32.419 --> 00:38:34.679
 sense we've talked about it's attainment. Yeah. But

00:38:34.679 --> 00:38:36.699
 the reason why we don't, we worry about

00:38:36.699 --> 00:38:40.419
 that and we can't simply that is because,

00:38:40.759 --> 00:38:42.599
 by the way, I'll sit down and speak about it in

00:38:42.599 --> 00:38:45.059
 an absolute sense. Mm-hmm. Where, so we

00:38:45.059 --> 00:38:47.699
 might think there's a, there's a reflection

00:38:47.699 --> 00:38:51.739
 aspect, but then there's also a relation. We

00:38:51.739 --> 00:38:54.000
 as human beings have a special relation

00:38:54.000 --> 00:38:57.000
 to God that is an absolute. And that, and

00:38:57.000 --> 00:38:59.059
 that grounds our worth and value and

00:38:59.059 --> 00:39:02.699
 in this, but there is a sense of which the,

00:39:02.960 --> 00:39:06.500
 as you might put it, it's not, it's not

00:39:06.500 --> 00:39:09.219
 defaced, it's defaced. Mm-hmm. You can

00:39:09.219 --> 00:39:10.920
 progressively gain that back. But that

00:39:10.920 --> 00:39:13.099
 doesn't change that special relation. So

00:39:13.099 --> 00:39:17.220
 that's what undergirds our, our, our, our, our

00:39:17.220 --> 00:39:19.059
 value. That's an absolute. But there is this

00:39:19.059 --> 00:39:21.559
 relative sense. So I think that's, you need

00:39:21.559 --> 00:39:23.340
 to maintain those two distinguishable

00:39:23.340 --> 00:39:24.780
 things. That there's always a special

00:39:24.780 --> 00:39:27.340
 relation that we have. All humanity has

00:39:27.340 --> 00:39:29.440
 that's going to value. But there is an

00:39:29.440 --> 00:39:32.099
 other sense that we have, obviously, as

00:39:32.099 --> 00:39:34.119
 something that we can increasingly reflect

00:39:34.119 --> 00:39:37.519
 Christ, that's progressive. So I think you kind of

00:39:37.519 --> 00:39:42.360
 need to acknowledge both the, the relation

00:39:42.360 --> 00:39:44.659
 and the reflection aspect. Distinguish

00:39:44.659 --> 00:39:48.139
 those and affirm them both. It's, it's hard

00:39:48.139 --> 00:39:51.239
 because trying to get the aspect of, of the

00:39:51.239 --> 00:39:53.579
 study of the doctrine of sin as well is, is

00:39:53.579 --> 00:39:55.380
 going to be very essential to understanding

00:39:55.380 --> 00:39:58.539
 where we stand in relation to Christ. So

00:39:58.539 --> 00:39:59.940
 next week we're going to be getting a

00:39:59.940 --> 00:40:02.460
 little bit more into that. Talking about

00:40:02.460 --> 00:40:04.980
 what it means to be in Adam and having

00:40:04.980 --> 00:40:08.159
 fallen and what's being renewed in, in, in

00:40:08.159 --> 00:40:09.820
 Christ. So a lot of the, I think a lot of

00:40:09.820 --> 00:40:13.420
 the confusion actually comes to this, a

00:40:13.420 --> 00:40:15.880
 very, you could say classically reformed

00:40:15.880 --> 00:40:18.659
 emphasis on the spiritual image of God,

00:40:19.219 --> 00:40:21.780
 which some guys, so John Calvin loves to

00:40:21.780 --> 00:40:23.539
 talk about the spiritual image of God as

00:40:23.539 --> 00:40:25.980
 being completely and wholly obliterated and

00:40:26.719 --> 00:40:29.019
 then being renewed in Jesus Christ. But in

00:40:29.019 --> 00:40:31.039
 the context there, he's talking about what

00:40:31.039 --> 00:40:32.500
 we are presently attaining through

00:40:32.500 --> 00:40:35.119
 regeneration. And, and that is something

00:40:35.119 --> 00:40:37.000
 that's vouchsafed in the person of Jesus

00:40:37.000 --> 00:40:39.559
 Christ. And then he'll later say in some,

00:40:39.619 --> 00:40:41.440
 some other writings, you know, oh, well,

00:40:41.500 --> 00:40:43.179
 you know, we're going to be resurrected too. So

00:40:43.179 --> 00:40:44.800
 that's part of the image of God as well. But,

00:40:45.039 --> 00:40:47.599
 so I need to include that, but that is a

00:40:47.599 --> 00:40:49.619
 very important emphasis. So thank you.

00:40:49.619 --> 00:40:49.900
 Yeah.

00:40:50.619 --> 00:40:50.859
 Yeah.

00:40:52.619 --> 00:40:56.739
 How do you recognize the situation where, you

00:40:56.739 --> 00:40:59.480
 know, religion, we're trying to be more

00:40:59.480 --> 00:41:02.359
 focused, more absolute, but the society we

00:41:02.359 --> 00:41:04.719
 live in now is more, uh, whole different

00:41:04.719 --> 00:41:07.980
 areas, it's more, uh, there's a lot of other

00:41:07.980 --> 00:41:09.900
 things that comes into the place about, you

00:41:09.900 --> 00:41:13.799
 know, how we, uh, and how we conduct our

00:41:13.799 --> 00:41:17.159
 lives. Um, how, how do you, you know, do it?

00:41:17.159 --> 00:41:22.039
 Yeah, actually, I think this doctrine in

00:41:22.039 --> 00:41:25.299
 particular is, is a very helpful tool for

00:41:25.299 --> 00:41:29.159
 being able to, to talk to the world, actually.

00:41:29.659 --> 00:41:31.899
 Um, because in terms of how we, how we

00:41:31.899 --> 00:41:35.420
 treat people around us, um, this is a

00:41:35.420 --> 00:41:39.279
 wonderfully kind of profound statement that

00:41:39.279 --> 00:41:41.719
 everyone is in mankind's image. So you can

00:41:41.719 --> 00:41:44.859
 talk to your, your, you know, brother or

00:41:44.859 --> 00:41:46.460
 sister on the street, so to speak.

00:41:47.159 --> 00:41:50.779
 And you can treat them, uh, in a, in an

00:41:50.779 --> 00:41:52.539
 equal manner with equal dignity with

00:41:52.539 --> 00:41:55.319
 yourself. And you can actually, it's a

00:41:55.319 --> 00:41:57.619
 very helpful event, evangelism tool as

00:41:57.619 --> 00:41:59.940
 well, isn't it? Uh, because you can show

00:41:59.940 --> 00:42:02.059
 them, well, you have an inherent dignity

00:42:02.059 --> 00:42:05.379
 and worth with God as your creator, um, in a,

00:42:05.379 --> 00:42:09.420
 in a way that the vast confusion that we're

00:42:09.420 --> 00:42:12.579
 actually seeing, um, in the world at large

00:42:12.579 --> 00:42:15.099
 doesn't have there. You're right. There is, is

00:42:15.099 --> 00:42:18.639
 no definiteness at all in how the world is, is

00:42:18.639 --> 00:42:22.480
 viewing, uh, mankind. In fact, it's, it's

00:42:22.480 --> 00:42:24.679
 humorous. Al Mohler will talk about this

00:42:24.679 --> 00:42:27.860
 often, about the, the line of new

00:42:27.860 --> 00:42:30.480
 orthodoxy in, in contemporary thought

00:42:30.480 --> 00:42:32.639
 keeps getting moved more and more further

00:42:32.639 --> 00:42:36.339
 on what constitutes actual appropriate

00:42:36.339 --> 00:42:39.279
 behavior for humanity, for how we treat

00:42:39.280 --> 00:42:41.680
 people. Um, and there's this scrambling

00:42:41.680 --> 00:42:43.700
 game to, you know, you're not, you're not

00:42:43.700 --> 00:42:45.800
 far enough. You're not going far enough. Um,

00:42:46.280 --> 00:42:49.180
 because there's no definite, what is

00:42:49.180 --> 00:42:51.420
 humanity? What is human dignity? What is

00:42:51.420 --> 00:42:54.900
 morality? What does it mean to be, to be, uh,

00:42:54.900 --> 00:42:57.700
 human beings and why that's even good? We

00:42:57.700 --> 00:42:59.560
 don't even know why that's good anymore. So

00:42:59.559 --> 00:43:03.119
 I think this doctrine is a helpful

00:43:03.119 --> 00:43:07.000
 evangelism tool for people as well. Um, uh,

00:43:07.000 --> 00:43:09.259
 we're in God's image, but also at the

00:43:09.259 --> 00:43:10.880
 same time, you know, you see this

00:43:10.880 --> 00:43:13.639
 misfunction that we have in our

00:43:13.639 --> 00:43:15.880
 relationship with God and that renewal

00:43:15.880 --> 00:43:18.279
 can come through Jesus Christ. So you

00:43:18.279 --> 00:43:20.519
 could help someone understand that a

00:43:20.519 --> 00:43:22.079
 little bit more, you know, if they were

00:43:22.079 --> 00:43:23.360
 to ask you for you to talk to someone,

00:43:23.519 --> 00:43:25.159
 you know, you're so absolutely, you're so

00:43:25.159 --> 00:43:27.539
 definite about, about this. Well, yes,

00:43:27.539 --> 00:43:29.480
 because, you know, scripture tells us

00:43:29.480 --> 00:43:33.380
 that we can have this image, uh, that you

00:43:33.380 --> 00:43:35.340
 have right now renewed in its, in its

00:43:35.340 --> 00:43:36.639
 function. It's a relationship to God

00:43:36.639 --> 00:43:38.079
 through the, the personal work of Jesus.

00:43:39.800 --> 00:43:40.199
 Hey.

00:43:41.000 --> 00:43:43.500
 Yeah, just picking up on that, I was, um,

00:43:43.800 --> 00:43:46.059
 I was thinking that, I think sometimes

00:43:46.059 --> 00:43:48.300
 people think, well, if we do think so

00:43:48.300 --> 00:43:50.980
 strongly, then, you know, problems in this

00:43:50.980 --> 00:43:53.019
 world are caused by people who believe in

00:43:53.019 --> 00:43:56.559
 their absolute system too strongly, and

00:43:56.559 --> 00:43:58.299
 then as a result, they just cut off

00:43:58.299 --> 00:43:59.539
 everybody else who doesn't agree with

00:43:59.539 --> 00:44:01.639
 them, and sort of disregard them, and I

00:44:01.639 --> 00:44:03.460
 think, you know, sort of what you're

00:44:03.460 --> 00:44:06.139
 saying is like, actually having a really

00:44:06.139 --> 00:44:08.199
 strong and clear conviction about

00:44:08.199 --> 00:44:10.420
 all the men in the country, and that

00:44:10.420 --> 00:44:12.440
 is, I think, also is willing to everybody

00:44:12.440 --> 00:44:16.400
 who has, you know, and it's, it's, I think

00:44:16.400 --> 00:44:19.259
 maybe that's maybe starting to, and then

00:44:19.259 --> 00:44:20.619
 there's, you know, I think, I think the

00:44:20.619 --> 00:44:23.840
 whole point about, like, the, you know,

00:44:23.840 --> 00:44:25.039
 there's many other Christian beliefs

00:44:25.039 --> 00:44:29.519
 that, um, you know, we really understand

00:44:29.519 --> 00:44:31.079
 ourselves, you know, all humanity

00:44:31.079 --> 00:44:33.039
 sinfulness and need for God's grace,

00:44:33.100 --> 00:44:34.200
 well, that should give us, like, humility

00:44:34.200 --> 00:44:36.200
 in how we relate to each other, so I

00:44:36.200 --> 00:44:38.140
 think, sort of starting to show, like,

00:44:38.360 --> 00:44:40.700
 how these Christian beliefs help us

00:44:40.700 --> 00:44:45.460
 relate better to other people, uh, can,

00:44:45.660 --> 00:44:47.700
 can help people see, like, oh, it's not

00:44:47.699 --> 00:44:52.559
 just, uh, that there can be a, a, a

00:44:52.559 --> 00:44:54.779
 beneficial aspect to, you know.

00:44:55.439 --> 00:44:56.559
 Yeah, and if you don't have that, that,

00:44:56.699 --> 00:44:58.239
 you know, because the image of God is, is

00:44:58.239 --> 00:45:01.099
 a universal doctrine, right, and if you

00:45:01.099 --> 00:45:03.599
 don't have something like that, then

00:45:03.599 --> 00:45:05.179
 actually you find that the boundaries of

00:45:05.179 --> 00:45:07.099
 communication break down between people.

00:45:07.379 --> 00:45:09.799
 I, I, I'm, I'm not allowed to speak into

00:45:09.799 --> 00:45:11.759
 your life anymore, because you are your

00:45:11.759 --> 00:45:14.099
 own measure of authority, but if we

00:45:14.099 --> 00:45:15.899
 realize we're all in God's image, and that

00:45:15.900 --> 00:45:17.860
 creates a common denominator, where I

00:45:17.860 --> 00:45:20.059
 can say, you know, you have a dignity

00:45:20.059 --> 00:45:23.760
 and worth, and, uh, that can be, you

00:45:23.760 --> 00:45:25.099
 know, renewed to you in some sense in

00:45:25.099 --> 00:45:25.720
 Jesus, but.

00:45:27.160 --> 00:45:29.260
 Yeah, just off that, you often see, like,

00:45:29.320 --> 00:45:31.099
 the final solution in Germany, what

00:45:31.099 --> 00:45:33.280
 quickly happens is you stop referring to

00:45:33.280 --> 00:45:35.800
 a particular people group as humans,

00:45:36.180 --> 00:45:39.380
 or as something, you know, something

00:45:39.380 --> 00:45:40.800
 that means that means that language

00:45:40.800 --> 00:45:45.500
 changes, and how we refer to others,

00:45:45.500 --> 00:45:47.380
 you know, we have this universal sense of,

00:45:47.579 --> 00:45:49.239
 like, everyone's managing each other,

00:45:49.239 --> 00:45:53.800
 you know, that, that, that is, uh,

00:45:53.800 --> 00:45:57.139
 buttress to us dehumanizing certain

00:45:57.139 --> 00:45:58.599
 groups that aren't like us.

00:45:58.960 --> 00:46:01.360
 Yeah, we, we, we still do it today, it's

00:46:01.360 --> 00:46:04.260
 very troubling to see, uh, we, all this,

00:46:04.340 --> 00:46:07.760
 all these bills lately about, um, the idea

00:46:07.760 --> 00:46:10.880
 that you could have, uh, well, to know,

00:46:10.880 --> 00:46:13.740
 and the idea is abortion based on, uh, uh,

00:46:13.780 --> 00:46:16.960
 kind of prenatal, like, uh, attributes

00:46:16.960 --> 00:46:20.079
 or qualities based on race, gender, uh, you

00:46:20.079 --> 00:46:22.820
 can do, and Julia, Julia's pregnant, so

00:46:22.820 --> 00:46:25.460
 we just had, uh, some, you know, over,

00:46:25.680 --> 00:46:27.960
 overviews and some, some checks, and one

00:46:27.960 --> 00:46:29.360
 test that you could do is to determine

00:46:29.360 --> 00:46:31.440
 whether the baby has Down syndrome, and

00:46:31.440 --> 00:46:32.840
 we decided not to do it, because why would

00:46:32.840 --> 00:46:36.079
 you want to do that, um, unless you were

00:46:36.079 --> 00:46:38.840
 going to make some sort of decision on, on

00:46:38.840 --> 00:46:40.840
 life, the life or death of, of the child

00:46:40.840 --> 00:46:43.900
 based on the outcome of that result, and, um,

00:46:44.820 --> 00:46:46.880
 so we still see it today, but of course,

00:46:47.700 --> 00:46:50.480
 the roots of that whole modern debate do

00:46:50.480 --> 00:46:53.220
 lie in the life and worthy of life, uh,

00:46:53.220 --> 00:46:55.740
 concept in eugenics in Nazi Germany that

00:46:55.740 --> 00:46:58.120
 came over to America after World War II.

00:46:58.660 --> 00:46:58.900
 Yes?

00:47:00.280 --> 00:47:03.680
 So, if you were to present this argument

00:47:03.680 --> 00:47:07.980
 to the world, they would respond by

00:47:07.980 --> 00:47:10.240
 saying, okay, so you say animals are not

00:47:10.240 --> 00:47:13.260
 the image of God, the humans are, but

00:47:13.260 --> 00:47:15.199
 there's not such a binary difference

00:47:15.199 --> 00:47:16.840
 between animals and humans, and point

00:47:16.840 --> 00:47:20.420
 back to different types of hominids

00:47:20.420 --> 00:47:22.380
 throughout history, and say, well, we're

00:47:22.380 --> 00:47:24.519
 Neanderthals in the image of God, we're,

00:47:25.119 --> 00:47:26.960
 you know, I, I don't even know how many

00:47:26.960 --> 00:47:31.880
 different homo-whatevers there are, but,

00:47:32.099 --> 00:47:34.240
 like, they just found a new one, and

00:47:34.240 --> 00:47:35.400
 they're like, oh, we're going to rewrite

00:47:35.400 --> 00:47:38.539
 evolutionary history, and they'd say, well,

00:47:38.639 --> 00:47:41.900
 okay, where do you, where do you draw the

00:47:41.900 --> 00:47:44.760
 line? I mean, homo sapiens are today

00:47:44.760 --> 00:47:49.639
 quite distinct from the great apes, but

00:47:49.639 --> 00:47:52.260
 from a historical perspective, there hasn't

00:47:52.260 --> 00:47:56.099
 been such a, so how, so in some sense,

00:47:56.180 --> 00:47:58.660
 this argument about distinction exposes

00:47:58.660 --> 00:48:02.780
 that there are differences that are

00:48:02.780 --> 00:48:04.440
 harder to quantify, like, biologically?

00:48:05.260 --> 00:48:07.280
 Yeah, so you, you placed a nice can of

00:48:07.280 --> 00:48:09.120
 worms on the table, and then opened the

00:48:09.120 --> 00:48:10.980
 top when you brought up evolution, because,

00:48:11.140 --> 00:48:13.560
 you know, I, it's my belief, I know that

00:48:13.560 --> 00:48:15.019
 there's some people who've argued for a

00:48:15.019 --> 00:48:17.120
 theistic evolution, but it's my belief that

00:48:17.120 --> 00:48:20.780
 this text is not homogenous with a

00:48:21.920 --> 00:48:24.340
 scientific view of evolution in man,

00:48:24.580 --> 00:48:27.660
 because if we all do come from, from

00:48:27.660 --> 00:48:29.519
 monkeys, fundamentally, and then we've

00:48:29.519 --> 00:48:31.880
 evolved out of that, then that does have

00:48:31.880 --> 00:48:33.660
 the kind of grandfather's axe paradoxes,

00:48:33.760 --> 00:48:35.760
 where does the, you know, where does the

00:48:35.760 --> 00:48:39.700
 creature end and the man begin, and I

00:48:39.700 --> 00:48:41.180
 think that's, that's very problematic.

00:48:41.480 --> 00:48:43.000
 I think that's actually a great argument

00:48:43.000 --> 00:48:47.559
 against, against that, and for, well, the

00:48:47.559 --> 00:48:50.039
 Bible places a particular worth on us as

00:48:50.039 --> 00:48:53.860
 human beings. We were created, at least in

00:48:53.860 --> 00:48:57.000
 our souls, out of nothing by God, and, and

00:48:57.000 --> 00:49:00.059
 that's fundamentally more valuable. Now, if I

00:49:00.059 --> 00:49:03.920
 could actually emphasize that with someone

00:49:03.920 --> 00:49:06.380
 on, on the street, if I'm talking to

00:49:06.380 --> 00:49:09.860
 them, I might want to hedge away from a

00:49:09.860 --> 00:49:12.519
 more secondary conversation, let's talk

00:49:12.519 --> 00:49:15.360
 about, like, evolution, and, and make that

00:49:15.360 --> 00:49:17.299
 the fighting point, and instead what I

00:49:17.299 --> 00:49:22.299
 would want to do is say, well, the Bible

00:49:22.299 --> 00:49:25.440
 simply talks about humanity as we, as we

00:49:25.440 --> 00:49:27.759
 know it today, as, as dignified in God's

00:49:27.760 --> 00:49:29.360
 image, and that's something very different

00:49:29.360 --> 00:49:33.980
 from, from, you know, more historical or

00:49:33.980 --> 00:49:36.020
 scientific evolutionary debate.

00:49:39.660 --> 00:49:41.500
 All right, well, it's at 9.50, so I want

00:49:41.500 --> 00:49:42.860
 to make sure that you guys have enough

00:49:42.860 --> 00:49:44.180
 time to get up there, but thanks so much.

00:49:44.200 --> 00:49:45.800
 This is a great turnout. Thank you so much

00:49:45.800 --> 00:49:46.940
 for coming out today.

00:49:46.940 --> 00:49:47.080
 Thank you.

00:49:47.080 --> 00:49:47.140
 Thank you.