WEBVTT

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 Well, good morning. It is a great time of year. This week is the week of Thanksgiving.

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 Thanksgiving is a time in America, for many, to feast. You think of the classic Norman Rockwell

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 painting, if you haven't seen it, it's out there, the family gathered around the table

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 with joy and gladness, with the table laden with food. It's a picture of richness, of abundance,

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 of fullness, of satisfaction. Why are we drawn to something like this? Some of us are drawn to it

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 with a sense of longing of something we haven't experienced in our lives. Some of us experience it

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 as remembering what maybe that we have experienced as. But for all of us, we have a desire for what we

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 see in a picture like that, for the Thanksgiving dinner abundance. Why is that? Well, I think it's

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 because God designed us to join Jesus at His table for a greater feast. We were made to know God.

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 We were made to enjoy Him forever. And God gave us human appetites, not only for food, but for other

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 things for fullness, for abundance, for satisfaction, to point to a deeper and richer spiritual reality.

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 Because we have an appetite to know God. And Jesus wants us to feast at this table.

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 And so that's why this morning, ironically, in a week of Thanksgiving, we are speaking about fasting.

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 We are in the series on the Sermon on the Mount. If you haven't been here, we're looking at Jesus'

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 words to His disciples, teaching them about the kingdom that He's bringing and what it's going to

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 look like to live in that kingdom. And in the section we're in, in chapter 6 in particular,

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 Jesus is talking about three spiritual disciplines, giving, praying, and fasting. And each of these

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 has an overall umbrella verse in chapter 6 verse 1, where He says,

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 don't do these things to be seen by others. Rather, do them in secret towards God, because there you

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 will find a reward greater than you would otherwise. And Jesus is assuming that you do these things. He says,

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 when you give, when you pray, when you fast. And He's telling us these things because these are

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 gifts that God has given us, practices to train our hearts to live in the kingdom of God. Because when

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 we live in the kingdom of God and do these things, we know God more. So in giving, we know more of God's

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 gracious, abundant provision towards us, His generosity and His kindness to us, and we grow

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 in thankfulness and contentment and our own generosity because of that. When we pray, we know

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 more of God as our loving heavenly Father who knows what we need before we even ask. And we grow in our

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 expectant faith that God will provide the things that we most need, and to live in trust,

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 in His sovereign care. So what about fasting? Well, as we're going to see, fasting teaches us

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 that we were made to be satisfied in God above all things in His richness and His fullness.

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 So with that, if you want to turn with me, it's page 761 in your pew Bible, Matthew chapter 6.

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 We're going to be reading actually the whole section this morning because this is going to be our

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 last sermon in the Sermon on the Mount until the new year. We're going to start, if you're not aware,

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 next week is the first Sunday in Advent. So we'll have an Advent series in the book going through the

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 book of Isaiah. So this is our last one. So we're going to look at chapter 6, and I'm going to read

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 verses 1 through 21 to give you the big context of the verses we're going to be focusing on in verses

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 16 through 18. So let's read God's Word together. Jesus says this,

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 Beware of practicing your righteousness before other people in order to be seen by them, for then

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 you will have no reward from your Father who is in heaven. Thus, when you give to the needy,

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 sound no trumpet before you as the hypocrites do in the synagogues and in the streets, that they may

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 be praised by others. Truly I say to you, they have received their reward. But when you give to the

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 needy, do not let your left hand know what your right hand is doing, so that your giving may be in

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 secret, and your Father who sees in secret will reward you. And when you pray, you must not be like

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 the hypocrites, for they love to stand and pray in the synagogue and at the street corner, that they

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 may be seen by others. Truly I say to you, they have received their reward. But when you pray, go into

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 your room and shut the door and pray to your Father who is in secret, and your Father who sees in secret

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 will reward you. And when you pray, do not heap up empty phrases as the Gentiles do, for they think

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 they will be heard for their many words. Do not be like them, for your Father knows what you need

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 before you ask Him. Pray then like this, Our Father in heaven, hallowed be your name. Your kingdom come,

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 your will be done on earth as it is in heaven. Give us this day our daily bread, and forgive us our

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 debts, as we have also have forgiven our debtors. And lead us not into temptation, but deliver us

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 from evil. For if you forgive others their trespasses, your heavenly Father will also forgive you.

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 But if you do not forgive others their trespasses, neither will your Father forgive your trespasses.

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 And when you fast, do not look gloomy like the hypocrites, for they disfigure their faces like—they

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 disfigure their faces that their fasting may be seen by others. Truly I say to you, they have received

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 their reward. But when you fast, anoint your head and wash your face that your fasting may not be seen

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 by others, but by your Father who is in secret, and your Father who sees in secret will reward you.

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 Do not lay up for yourselves treasures on earth, where moth and rust destroy, and where thieves break

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 in and steal. But lay up for yourselves treasures in heaven, where neither moth nor rust destroys,

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 and where thieves do not break in and steal. For where your treasure is, there your heart will be

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 also. Please pray with me. Lord, thank you for your word. We pray this morning that you would be our help

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 by your Spirit. May we have your help to understand what it is that you are saying to us. Lord, I pray

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 for your help that I might speak the words that you would have me speak, and Lord, that together we

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 would not only understand, but that we would receive and submit to your word this morning. Lord, finding

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 that your word is, Lord, a lamp unto our feet to guide our way to show us how to live, how to know you

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 more. Lord, be with us, we pray. In Jesus' name, amen.

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 Amen. So the big idea this morning that I want you to take home is that Jesus calls us to fast

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 so that we will know greater satisfaction and joy in God himself. Jesus wants us to rediscover this

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 practice of fasting from this passage, and he wants us to know more of God through fasting.

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 Sermon's going to be a little more topical than usual because I want to talk more broadly about

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 what fasting is to try to clarify and understand fasting in a Christian context and what it means.

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 So we'll be coming back to this passage, but I want to start by simply asking the question,

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 what is fasting? Some of you may have not really thought about this. Fasting is basically abstaining

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 from food or from some other thing for a period of time. That's the most basic definition. But

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 fasting is not per se Christian. Lots of religions practice fasting during Ramadan. In Islam, they practice,

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 they fast all day during the day until sundown. There are lots of other religions that fast in

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 different… and fasting has different purposes. Some of them may be more religious purposes.

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 Some religions practice fasting in order to subdue our human appetites, to pursue a death to those

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 hungers and those desires so that we don't desire anything at all. Some religions seem to fast in order

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 to earn God's favor, showing in some way that you're really serious about your religion by fasting

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 regularly. Of course, we live in a society where there's fasting outside of any religious intent at all.

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 Some people use hunger fasts as a political statement to try to get leverage to move society in a more

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 righteous way. Sometimes we fast from something simply to explore a new interest by putting aside

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 an old one. So we might fast from a hobby. And as I'm sure all of you know, because it's very popular

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 these days, intermittent fasting is one of the most recommended new diets in the world. How do we

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 control our weight, right? And these are all… there is nothing per se good or bad about these things per

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 se. But what we do want to say is that Christian fasting is distinct from these. We need to look more

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 carefully to think about what Christian fasting is. So here are a few things Christian fasting is not.

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 I'm going to start with that, and then I'm going to get to what it is. First, Christian fasting is not

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 ceasing from sin. If you are watching pornography regularly, you cannot fast from doing that and think,

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 oh, look at me, I'm fasting. That's not fasting. That's just fighting against sin, and you should stop,

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 and that's good. And in the same way, you might do that for other things. Gluttony, clearly, if you are

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 overeating and just feeding your face all the time, you're not fasting by cutting back your eating. You're

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 stopping sinning by cutting back what you're eating, okay? So I want to be clear that fasting is not simply

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 ceasing to sin. Another thing is fasting is not a super spiritual lever to get God to do something

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 that He wouldn't do otherwise. Some of us might have the idea, and, you know, there are times in the Bible

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 when it seems like maybe this is what is being said, but I don't think it's actually true, where, okay,

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 so I'm going to pray about something because it's important, but if it's really important, then I'm going

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 to fast, too. Or if there's something that I really want for Christmas, I'm going to fast for it because

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 then God's going to have to give it to me, right? This is not the God of the Bible. God is a loving

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 Heavenly Father. He knows what we need. Our fasting is not leverage that we gain so that God will do

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 something for us that we want Him to do, right? Third thing about fasting is fasting is not a denial

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 of the goodness of the goodness of the thing that we are fasting from. God created food. He gave it to

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 us to sustain us, to enjoy. It's not merely just a pill so that we have the energy to live the day,

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 but He made it with flavors and, you know, cumin and wonderful things for us to enjoy, right? Sorry,

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 I was, you know, pick your spice of flavor, but whatever it is, God gave us something that we need,

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 but also to enjoy. And so we don't want to deny its goodness or to think that fasting is somehow

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 saying these things are bad in and of themselves, right? So what is Christian fasting, if this is

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 true? Well, here's the definition. Abstaining partially or fully from something good, often food,

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 for a determined period of time for the spiritual purposes of seeking God. So fasting is saying,

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 I'm going to set something that is normally good. I'm going to set it aside for a period of time so

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 that I can do something else, have more focus on seeking God in a particular way, right? It's not a

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 forever change. It's for a period of time, and it has a particular purpose, to seek God so that we

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 might be more satisfied in Him. If you're not aware of Richard Foster, Richard Foster wrote a book,

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 I don't know, 40 years ago now, The Celebration of Discipline. It's a great read. It will challenge

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 you to think about a number of things in your life. But one of the things that he says in that book is

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 that fasting is actually feasting. What we do is we fast from food or from something else so that we

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 can feast more on the person and the presence and the riches of God Himself. Do you remember Jesus in

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 John 6? He's fed the people, fed 5,000 people food from, miraculously. He's given them bread.

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 But then he says, don't seek for this bread. Seek for the bread that comes from heaven. And then he says,

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 I am the bread of life. Whoever believes in me will feast on me and be satisfied and know.

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 This is the picture that the Bible is giving us about feasting and fasting. And this is what

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 the heart of Christian fasting is. To set aside something good so that we might get something

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 even greater in Jesus Himself. So, that's your introduction. Now, how are we to fast? What does

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 the Bible tell us? First, this passage in Matthew 6 is really helpful. Let's look at it again.

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 Jesus says,

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 And when you fast, do not look gloomy like the hypocrites, for they disfigure their faces,

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 that their fasting may be seen by others. Truly, I say to you, they have received their reward. But

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 when you fast, anoint your head and wash your face, that your fasting may not be seen by others,

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 but by your Father who is in secret. And your Father who sees in secret will reward you.

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 So, the first thing Jesus says about fasting, how are we to do this? First of all, we're not meant to do

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 it so that other people see us and are impressed by us. They're not impressed by a spirituality. How

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 do we do that? Well, don't look gloomy, right? Jesus particularly says, anoint your head and wash

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 your face. This is because often fasting could be accompanied in the first century by people would

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 put ashes on their face. They would not anoint their hair with oil, which means their hair would

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 actually look like they slept in it, like some of you grad students preparing for exams.

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 You know, where you're getting up and it's just, it's all over the place, right? So, Jesus says,

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 don't look like that. Take care of yourself. And when you go out, look like you're living a normal

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 life, right? It actually says in this passage, right, they disfigure themselves, literally look

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 like so much so that they look different from the way they normally do. And what Jesus is doing is

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 revealing our hearts. Because when we do that kind of fasting, what we're really saying is,

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 look at me, look at how much I'm suffering for God. Look at the great sacrifice that I'm doing by

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 fasting. Don't you think I'm a great spiritual person? And Jesus says, if you have that, you have

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 your reward. The praise in the moment is what you get. But is that what you really want? No.

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 No, you want God. And so do it in secret and wash your face.

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 And seek God and know that He will meet you in secret with His goodness.

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 Practically, what does it look like to fast? Here's a collection of thoughts. If you're looking

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 for application, looking for a list of to-dos and not to-dos, Richard Foster, by the way, has a great

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 chapter on this. It has some really good practical stuff. There's also good stuff on the internet. If

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 you want more resources, I can give you more resources on how to manage this. But here, seven.

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 This is going to go really fast, hopefully. Seven practical tips on how to actually fast. And I'm going

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 to focus on fasting from food, but I'll talk about some other ideas along the way. First of all,

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 if you think about starting to fast, just like when you're starting to exercise, don't try to start by

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 running a marathon, right? Start by running a half mile. So start by fasting a little bit and then

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 develop the habit more. So you might want to start by skipping a meal and spending that time in prayer

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 and reading the Bible. Or you might want to start by taking two meals. So I'm going to eat breakfast,

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 I'm going to eat lunch, and then I'll wait until the next lunch to eat my next meal. And take those

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 times and fast for… that's basically like a day-long fast. So take it slowly and don't forget to drink

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 when you fast because nobody… nobody fasts without water for a long time. It's really unhealthy.

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 It's really dangerous. And Jesus didn't do it. God didn't do it. So don't… don't… so keep drinking.

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 And then you can progress. There are people… when I was on staff with crew, there was a movement among

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 crew. It was an encouragement for us to do 40-day fasts. And I did not do a full 40-day fast,

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 but some of my staff team did. And it was a very rich experience for them. So there can be longer

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 long fasts that you might build up to. So think about progression if you're going to start doing

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 this and you haven't been doing it. Second thing is recognize that when you fast, you know what's

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 going to happen? You'll feel hungry. This is normal. And in fact, this is the very point. When you feel

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 those hunger pangs, this is the opportunity to say, oh, my body is hungry for food, but my soul is more

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 hungry for God. And to take that moment of feeling that hunger and to take it… whether it's sitting

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 down and praying or actually studying Scripture or doing something like that, or whether it's just

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 thinking in a moment while you're at work and you feel that hunger pang, just remembering, oh,

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 I want God more than this. And simply reminding yourself of that. Third thing about fasting is be

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 intentional about your time with God. As much as you can, take some extra time, maybe the time you

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 spend to prepare your food or to buy your food or to eat your food. Take that time and set it aside

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 for basic time for communion with God, whether it be worship, whether it be reading Scripture,

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 whether it be prayer or journaling. Take the extra time to do that. Having said that, it's also true

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 that you need to think about how do you fast in the overall commitments of your life. Some of you

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 will be able to take days and just fast and go on retreat, and that's wonderful when you can do that.

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 But a lot of you won't be able to do that. You'll be fasting in the middle of parenting and

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 jobs and teaching and studying and whatever it is that takes up your day. If that's true,

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 even meal times, right? If that's true, do what Jesus says. Wash your face, comb your hair,

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 shake your bottle of water at dinner, and enjoy fellowship with other people while they're eating.

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 It's sometimes hard because you're watching other people eat and you're hungry. But you don't want,

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 again, Jesus says, let your fasting be a part of your life, not this grand show where you're upending

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 every responsibility. So recognize that you will have some commitments that you will need to follow

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 through on and think about how do you navigate that. Fifth one, be aware of your health.

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 Jesus says when you fast, but general wisdom is not everybody should fast, right? There are,

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 don't necessarily need, but are able to enjoy. Think about slimming down your diet to very basic

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 for a season if you're one of those people who shouldn't fast from food completely.

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 Another thing to do is to consider fasting. So recognize that if your health is an issue,

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 fasting may look different for you. But don't throw the baby out with the bathwater and just say,

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 oh, well, then I can't fast. Find the way that's going to be meaningful for you to enter into this

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 practice of fasting that Jesus requires us to. One last thought about thing. Recognize if you are a

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 crazy exerciser and you stop eating, that will be an effect. You'll want to think and read more than

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 I can give you advice on this morning about how you do that. Don't run a marathon while you're fasting.

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 That's one of my, that's my one thing I can say pretty confidently. So, okay. Third, or no, sixth.

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 We're now to sixth. Find the fine line between discipline and legalism. Fasting is a gift that

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 you would break the fast because this isn't, this isn't a law and this isn't some structure that,

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 that God wants to impose upon you and make you a really difficult person to live with, right?

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 This is a gift that God has given you. Now, having said that, we're all lazy. And as we start fasting,

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 you'll find, do I really need to fast? Okay. So that's my laundry list of practical.

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 What are the benefits? What is it spiritually? What is God doing? You know,

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 as with all of these spiritual disciplines, giving and prayer and fasting now, the purpose is heart

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 orientation, not free at people, or I'm greedy, or I'm covetous of certain things, or I'm proud,

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 or I'm struggling with unbelief, or I'm despairing and doubting. Fasting just takes away a layer of comfort

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 that we throw on top of our lives and allows us to see our hearts. And when we invite God to do it,

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 He does this for us. He shows us what the prophet Jeremiah says to Israel in Jeremiah chapter 2,

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 where God comes to His people and He says, this I have against you, with so many things to try to

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 satisfy our soul when we were made for God. And this is what God is doing in fasting.

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 He reveals the idols of our hearts. In Acts 13, it says that the church in Antioch fasted and prayed

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 for discernment as they were looking to see who to anoint to send out on the mission

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 where they picked Saul and Barnabas. So there are other places where fasting has some other roles,

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 but I think at its core, it's for fellowship and communion and the fullness of the celebration

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 while He's here. But Jesus is saying, my disciples don't fast because I'm here. And when I go away,

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 and I believe that means after His death and His resurrection, as He goes to heaven, as we wait for

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 His return, what do our hearts really hunger for? We don't hunger for Cheetos and for ice cream and for

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 whatever it is that you, jambalaya, whatever, you know, you really, what our hearts really hunger for

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 is for forgiveness of our sin and relief from guilt. Our hearts hunger for peace with God,

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 with one another, and even within our own selves. We hunger for hope. Never want to go back to this world.

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 Lord, that we do not long for you the way we ought to. Lord, how full we are of the junk food of this

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 life that we don't know the richness and the fullness of what you have prepared for us in Christ.

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 Lord, I pray today that, Lord, in this coming week and in the coming month, as we feast and as we fast,

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 Lord, that we would know you more and more. We pray this in Jesus' name.