WEBVTT

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 Ladies and gentlemen, will make the notice certisons a fist right here and it will be

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 now in fireworks and a good Feeling, is it supposed to take Sharp, its finalelapse?

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 All day.

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 All day.

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 We'll get started in just a minute.

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 A New York minute?

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 An island minute.

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 A Connecticut minute.

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 Whatever that is.

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 Yeah, Brent knows Connecticut minutes, yes.

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 We don't want to start early, but we'll probably start.

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 Yeah, he'll come probably.

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 Yeah, I think so.

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 Okay.

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 Welcome back, everyone.

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 It's good to be here again.

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 For those of you who don't know me, my name's Tom Schmidt.

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 And I've been here a few times talking to you about the reliability of the New Testament.

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 It's kind of a sub-series within our greater series on Scripture.

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 And a couple weeks ago when I was with you, we talked about the preservation of the New Testament.

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 And we looked at how the New Testament has been preserved and passed down to us through the generations.

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 And how this is done carefully and reliably.

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 And then the next time I was with you, we talked about the canonicity of the New Testament.

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 And we looked at how the New Testament books were put together.

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 Who chose what books were in the Bible?

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 Why are some books in the New Testament, some books not in the New Testament?

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 We talked about whether there was some kind of conspiracy theory or something like that.

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 And we saw how God reliably and superintended this whole process to preserve and pass down the New Testament to us.

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 Today, we're going to talk about the accuracy of the New Testament.

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 And we're going to see if what the New Testament says is true.

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 So we know it might have been reliably preserved.

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 But that doesn't necessarily mean that it contains true things.

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 So we're going to look at that in our time together this morning.

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 We'll investigate whether what the New Testament says about Jesus is true and why its claims are factual.

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 And this pertains especially to the New Testament's central claim that Jesus was crucified, buried, and then resurrected.

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 So those are some things we'll go over today.

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 But first, I want to open in a word of prayer.

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 Father in heaven, we thank you for how you have given your word to us, how you've preserved it and gathered it for us through your saints.

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 Father, we also thank you for how your word is trustworthy and how you sent your son Jesus to rescue us from our sins.

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 It's in his mighty name that we pray.

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 Amen.

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 All right.

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 So to begin with, I want to ask a question.

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 Can we trust that the New Testament is accurate and true?

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 We sometimes hear accusations that the New Testament is based on myths and folktales, that it's inaccurate and deceptive.

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 I've heard these claims many times before, sometimes in popular culture, sometimes in the classroom.

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 I'm sure some of you have heard these claims as well.

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 And today, what we're going to look at is that the New Testament is not based on rumors or lies or myths.

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 And indeed, there are several reasons why we can trust its factual claims.

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 Now, these reasons, they build on one another.

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 And so we're going to start with perhaps one of the most foundational reasons and then go from there.

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 So one reason that we can trust that the New Testament is true and accurate is first and foremost because it's based off of eyewitness testimony.

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 It's not based off of rumor and report or hearsay.

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 And these eyewitnesses were behind the documents of the New Testament.

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 And they were in a position to know what Jesus said and did and to report it accurately.

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 So, for example, John, the disciple of Jesus, says this about Jesus, whom he calls the word of life.

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 He says,

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 John tells us here that he's preaching not something that he just heard a rumor about,

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 but something that he witnessed, that he saw with his eyes, that he touched with his hands, that he heard directly with his own ears.

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 And Peter, another disciple of Jesus, he tells us the same thing.

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 For we did not follow cleverly devised tales when we made known to you the power and coming of our Lord Jesus Christ.

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 But we were eyewitnesses of his majesty.

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 Peter says that in his second epistle.

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 He says much the same thing in his first epistle.

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 In chapter 5, verse 1, he also adds that he was an eyewitness of the sufferings of Christ.

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 And other New Testament authors make similar claims.

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 For instance, Luke, the gospel writer.

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 He says,

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 It seemed fitting for me as well, having investigated everything carefully from the beginning,

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 to write it out for you in consecutive order, most excellent Theophilus,

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 so that you may know the exact truth about the things you have been taught.

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 Theophilus was the person to whom Luke wrote, and Luke tells him that he went to the eyewitnesses,

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 he investigated everything carefully from the beginning,

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 so that he, Theophilus, and you all may know the exact truth about what you have been taught.

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 So we've heard from the Apostle John and the Apostle Peter and Luke the evangelist,

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 but we have more testimony as well.

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 We have the testimony from the Apostle Paul.

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 He gives perhaps the earliest account of the resurrection of Jesus.

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 He says this,

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 For I delivered to you as a first importance what I also received,

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 that Christ died for our sins in accordance with the Scriptures,

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 that he was buried, that he was raised on the third day in accordance with the Scriptures,

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 and that he appeared to Cephas, that's Peter, then to the Twelve.

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 Then he appeared to more than 500 brothers at one time,

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 most of whom are still alive, though some have fallen asleep.

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 Then he appeared to James, then to all the apostles.

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 The resurrection of Jesus is the essence of our faith,

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 and Paul gives his own eyewitness testimony here.

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 And indeed, the Twelve disciples, the Twelve Apostles of Jesus, they concur.

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 They say in the book of Acts, chapter 2, verse 32,

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 This Jesus God raised up, and of that we all are witnesses.

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 The fact that the New Testament is based on eyewitness testimony is so well established

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 that even ancient anti-Christian sources agree.

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 Now, what do I mean by these ancient anti-Christian sources?

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 These sources were ancient writers who attacked Christianity in the 2nd through 4th centuries.

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 They were people like Celsus, Porphyry, Heracles, and Julian the Apostate.

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 They were highly educated, powerful, extremely hostile to Christianity.

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 But even when they were attacking the New Testament,

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 they still attributed its writings to Jesus' disciples.

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 These ancient skeptics did not believe that the New Testament documents

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 were written under false names far after the time of Jesus

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 and were hence based on rumors like some scholars try to maintain today.

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 They acknowledged that it was the disciples who wrote them.

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 So if such ancient hostile sources agree

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 that the disciples were ultimately behind the New Testament documents,

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 then I think we can safely conclude that the New Testament documents

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 are not based off of rumor or hearsay.

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 But I want to ask you something more.

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 Even if we can be sure that the New Testament is based on eyewitness testimony,

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 how can we be sure that the eyewitnesses were telling the truth?

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 We all know that eyewitnesses can lie.

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 So do we have good reason to think that these eyewitnesses are being truthful

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 and not fabricating their claims?

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 Well, we have several reasons to trust the claims of these eyewitnesses.

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 Firstly, they did not have worldly motives to lie about the resurrection of Jesus.

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 They did not gain materially from their claims.

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 They did not gain money or fame.

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 They did not gain power or earthly benefit

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 by preaching that Jesus was the Son of God and was resurrected.

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 Not only does the New Testament testify to this,

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 but even those ancient critics of Christianity I mentioned before,

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 like Celsus and Julian the Apostate,

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 even they agree with this.

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 In fact, if you read their writings,

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 they mock the apostles for being poor and uneducated,

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 for being members of the lower class

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 and friends with slaves and minority groups.

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 They knew that the apostles did not gain riches or political power

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 for following Jesus.

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 They knew they were impoverished and they mocked them for it.

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 In fact, far from seeking material gain for their beliefs,

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 the apostles and the authors of the New Testament,

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 they knowingly risked persecution and humiliation

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 and scorn and shame and death.

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 Indeed, many of the disciples of Jesus were executed for their faith in Jesus

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 or even tortured.

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 And when the authorities warned them to stop preaching in the name of Jesus

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 and threaten them with punishment,

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 they said this in the book of Acts,

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 we cannot but speak of what we have seen and heard.

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 Despite all these threats,

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 they continued to proclaim that Jesus was resurrected.

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 And just look at the outcome of their lives.

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 Peter was executed.

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 Paul executed.

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 John was exiled as a prisoner to the island of Patmos.

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 James, his brother, was beheaded.

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 Matthew executed.

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 Thaddeus, Nathaniel, James, the brother of Jesus,

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 they were all executed.

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 And we have good historical data to support these outcomes.

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 And more than this,

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 we have evidence that many other early Christians suffered the same fate.

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 The fact that the apostles were terribly persecuted for their belief in the resurrection of Jesus

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 is so beyond question that, again, as I've said before,

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 even non-Christian sources agree with this.

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 They tell us that the apostles were persecuted and executed.

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 Sometimes they brag about it.

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 We see this in, for example, the Jewish Talmud, the Jewish historian Josephus.

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 They both claim that Matthew, that Thaddeus, that Nathaniel and James were executed.

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 Josephus talks about James and the Jewish Talmud talks about the rest.

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 Another Jewish document, the Toldot Yeshu,

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 describes how Jesus was executed,

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 that his 12 disciples then spread his teaching among the nations,

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 and that, quote,

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 they were slain.

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 And it even criticizes Peter for teaching, quote,

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 the meek acceptance of suffering.

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 And the Roman historian Tacitus,

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 he tells of a persecution of Christians in Rome under Emperor Nero

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 that sounds exactly like the circumstances under which Peter was executed.

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 But despite such great persecution,

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 the apostles and eyewitnesses,

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 they continued to maintain that Jesus really was resurrected.

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 These sufferings are not something that so many people would each be likely to endure

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 for a claim they knew that was a lie.

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 Instead,

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 it seems far more likely that the apostles were simply being honest and sincere.

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 So,

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 the first reason we can trust the eyewitnesses

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 is because they don't seem to have worldly motives to lie.

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 They gained nothing from what they were saying.

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 And secondly,

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 they had everything to lose.

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 They were persecuted for what they said,

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 yet they preached and continued to preach it.

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 And this trustworthy character of the apostles,

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 it was so steadfast that they passed it on down to their own disciples.

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 Just like Jesus,

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 the apostles went on to have disciples of their own.

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 And when we examine the character of these men,

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 these followers of the apostles,

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 we see that they also conducted themselves in the same way as Jesus and the apostles did.

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 They also suffered and were martyred for faith in Jesus.

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 Take,

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 for example,

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 Ignatius of Antioch and Polycarp of Smyrna.

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 Both were disciples of the apostles.

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 Both have writings that remain for us to read.

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 And both of them were executed for their faith in Jesus.

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 In fact,

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 let's look at Ignatius specifically.

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 He was a disciple of Peter,

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 perhaps also Paul.

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 And while he was awaiting his execution for being a Christian,

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 he wrote several letters to churches encouraging them.

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 And in one letter,

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 he talks about how Peter witnessed the resurrected Jesus.

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 Here's what he says.

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 For Jesus suffered all these things for our sakes in order that we might be saved.

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 And he truly suffered just as he truly raised himself,

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 not as unbelievers say.

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 For I know and believe that he was in the flesh even after the resurrection.

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 When he came to Peter and those with him,

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 and he said,

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 Take hold of me,

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 handle me,

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 and see that I am not a disembodied spirit.

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 And immediately they touched him and believed,

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 being closely united with his flesh and blood.

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 For this reason,

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 they too despised death.

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 Indeed,

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 they proved to be greater than death.

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 And after his resurrection,

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 he ate and drank with them,

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 like one who is composed of flesh,

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 though spiritually he was united with the Father.

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 Here Ignatius,

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 the disciple of Peter,

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 proclaims the resurrection of Jesus.

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 He says that he knows Jesus appeared to Peter.

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 And for this reason,

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 Peter and the apostles despised death.

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 Why?

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 Because they had seen the one who had conquered death,

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 and they knew death had power over them no longer.

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 And Ignatius,

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 though a man condemned to die,

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 he joyfully testifies to this,

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 just as Peter testified to him.

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 So let me summarize.

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 Can we trust that the New Testament is accurate and true?

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 Well,

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 yes,

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 we can.

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 It's based on eyewitness testimony of the apostles,

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 not on rumor and report.

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 And these eyewitnesses are trustworthy,

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 because they did not stand to gain anything materially from their claims.

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 They did not have motives to lie about the resurrection.

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 Rather,

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 they risked persecution and death.

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 And in fact,

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 their own disciples went on to do the very same thing.

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 And these points are so beyond question,

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 that even ancient non-Christian sources admit to many of them.

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 Well,

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 so far,

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 I've been talking about how the New Testament writers were in a position to know the facts about Jesus,

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 and how the New Testament documents were written with a backing of eyewitness testimony.

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 And I've also shown how we can trust that these eyewitnesses were not lying about what they were saying.

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 But let's not stop here.

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 Let's see if we can test the reliability of the eyewitnesses in other ways.

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 Let's not just trust their character or motives.

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 Let's see if we can test their truthfulness and accuracy a little more scientifically.

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 After all,

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 eyewitnesses might still have accidentally put in false information.

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 They might have gotten carried away in their great passion.

00:15:49.340 --> 00:15:53.500
 They might have exaggerated things or convinced themselves of something that wasn't actually true.

00:15:53.740 --> 00:15:55.759
 Even if the eyewitnesses were sincere,

00:15:55.879 --> 00:15:57.420
 they might have still been inaccurate.

00:15:57.899 --> 00:16:00.540
 We all know honest people who make wrong statements.

00:16:00.920 --> 00:16:04.740
 So let's do a more thorough investigation here.

00:16:04.740 --> 00:16:06.620
 Let's forget about character and motives.

00:16:06.799 --> 00:16:10.600
 Let's see if the New Testament can hold up to good,

00:16:10.960 --> 00:16:14.440
 old-fashioned, brass tacks, nuts and bolts, historical scrutiny.

00:16:14.860 --> 00:16:16.279
 And this is what we're going to do.

00:16:16.779 --> 00:16:20.879
 Throughout the New Testament, the authors make numerous historical claims.

00:16:21.080 --> 00:16:26.220
 And we can check these claims against the historical record to see if they're true.

00:16:26.460 --> 00:16:29.940
 So when the New Testament mentions a person or a place or an event,

00:16:29.940 --> 00:16:36.020
 we can check that claim against the historical record to see if the New Testament is accurate.

00:16:36.280 --> 00:16:42.060
 This is just like in a detective case when the testimony of an eyewitness is checked against the facts

00:16:42.060 --> 00:16:46.520
 to see if their testimony can be corroborated by the evidence.

00:16:46.900 --> 00:16:50.140
 And when we subject the New Testament writers to historical scrutiny,

00:16:50.380 --> 00:16:53.480
 we find that the New Testament authors were indeed accurate

00:16:53.480 --> 00:16:57.519
 and they were not in the habit of making up information.

00:16:58.100 --> 00:16:59.259
 Let me show you what I mean.

00:16:59.360 --> 00:17:01.360
 We'll start with some easy, basic stuff,

00:17:01.399 --> 00:17:04.980
 and then we'll get to more complicated stuff as we go.

00:17:05.839 --> 00:17:10.559
 So first of all, the New Testament authors report the existence of several Roman emperors.

00:17:10.559 --> 00:17:13.059
 And we know from various historical sources

00:17:13.059 --> 00:17:17.599
 that they correctly identify them in their proper historical context.

00:17:17.920 --> 00:17:20.599
 And this comes from various lines of evidence like historical reports,

00:17:20.759 --> 00:17:23.039
 the archaeological record, coins, things like that.

00:17:23.039 --> 00:17:26.879
 You can see a coin of Emperor Augustus on the screen, which Luke talks about.

00:17:27.299 --> 00:17:29.559
 Emperor Tiberius is also mentioned by Luke.

00:17:29.659 --> 00:17:30.299
 There he is.

00:17:30.619 --> 00:17:32.639
 Emperor Claudius mentioned in the book of Acts.

00:17:33.039 --> 00:17:36.579
 Herod the Great mentioned in the early part of the Gospel of Matthew.

00:17:36.700 --> 00:17:38.420
 He's the guy who tried to kill baby Jesus.

00:17:38.859 --> 00:17:42.079
 Herod Archelaus is also mentioned in Matthew.

00:17:42.579 --> 00:17:46.779
 Herod Philip, Herod Antipas, Herod Agrippa, Herod Agrippa II.

00:17:46.920 --> 00:17:47.700
 There's a lot of Herods.

00:17:48.440 --> 00:17:51.779
 It's hard to get them all straight, but the New Testament does.

00:17:51.779 --> 00:17:55.500
 And we could go on for other rulers like Arathos IV.

00:17:55.940 --> 00:17:56.940
 Paul mentions him.

00:17:57.220 --> 00:17:58.079
 Pontius Pilate.

00:17:58.299 --> 00:18:00.539
 This is a famous Pontius Pilate stone.

00:18:00.980 --> 00:18:04.519
 And I know it might be difficult for you to read it,

00:18:04.740 --> 00:18:10.180
 but on here it says the name Teos Pilatus.

00:18:10.420 --> 00:18:11.480
 It's missing the P-O-N.

00:18:11.660 --> 00:18:13.779
 It's missing from the stone.

00:18:13.779 --> 00:18:21.700
 But anyway, all scholars agree this is an inscription mentioning Pontius Pilate from his time frame.

00:18:27.059 --> 00:18:27.579
 Yes.

00:18:27.740 --> 00:18:32.039
 Very quickly, is that like the back of a seat in a theater?

00:18:32.420 --> 00:18:34.539
 Oh, I don't know where the stone comes from.

00:18:34.639 --> 00:18:36.940
 I'd have to check, and we may not actually know.

00:18:36.940 --> 00:18:39.660
 I'd have to see if we know the provenance of it.

00:18:41.160 --> 00:18:46.860
 When I was in Israel, when we were like in Caesarea by the seat or something like that,

00:18:47.759 --> 00:18:53.920
 the tour guide pointed to a seat, you know, and they had their names on it.

00:18:54.019 --> 00:18:55.279
 They were VIP seats.

00:18:55.279 --> 00:19:04.039
 At that time, I think in 1999, he claimed that this was the first archaeological evidence

00:19:04.039 --> 00:19:07.599
 because the seat had a righteous name.

00:19:08.399 --> 00:19:10.879
 So all I know is it's called the Pilate stone.

00:19:11.000 --> 00:19:11.799
 It is in Israel.

00:19:11.940 --> 00:19:12.859
 So this is in Israel.

00:19:13.039 --> 00:19:16.059
 I don't know if that's part of a back of a chair or not,

00:19:16.259 --> 00:19:18.660
 but we also have lots of other evidence for Pontius Pilate.

00:19:18.759 --> 00:19:19.680
 It's not just this stone.

00:19:19.759 --> 00:19:23.480
 He's mentioned in many historical ancient sources outside of the Bible.

00:19:23.480 --> 00:19:25.900
 Right, he's saying the only part.

00:19:26.440 --> 00:19:27.940
 Okay, yes, yes, yes.

00:19:29.220 --> 00:19:33.220
 But if we're honest here, these names that I've been talking about,

00:19:33.360 --> 00:19:34.559
 they're a little easy to get right.

00:19:34.640 --> 00:19:35.819
 It's like naming the correct presidents.

00:19:36.000 --> 00:19:37.220
 It's not too hard to get those right.

00:19:37.400 --> 00:19:39.960
 So let's do something a little more challenging.

00:19:40.200 --> 00:19:42.220
 It's good that the New Testament get these folks right,

00:19:42.380 --> 00:19:45.819
 but let's see what the New Testament authors do with lesser-known figures

00:19:45.819 --> 00:19:50.019
 whom someone would likely only know about if they were well-informed.

00:19:50.019 --> 00:19:53.639
 Well, the New Testament authors speak about many people like Bernice,

00:19:53.759 --> 00:19:55.920
 Drusilla, Judas the Galilean, Festus,

00:19:56.220 --> 00:19:58.980
 people even like James the brother of Jesus, John the Baptist,

00:19:59.200 --> 00:20:01.799
 Caiaphas the high priest, Herodias, and her daughter Salome,

00:20:02.000 --> 00:20:03.359
 and the list goes on.

00:20:03.700 --> 00:20:05.920
 And when we check the historical record,

00:20:06.220 --> 00:20:09.720
 we see that all of these folks are mentioned outside of the Bible

00:20:09.720 --> 00:20:11.359
 by non-Christian sources,

00:20:11.660 --> 00:20:14.980
 and that the New Testament correctly places every one of them

00:20:14.980 --> 00:20:18.420
 in their proper historical context.

00:20:18.420 --> 00:20:23.820
 The New Testament is even correct about a minor person named Erastus,

00:20:24.320 --> 00:20:26.060
 Paul's fellow partner from Corinth.

00:20:26.400 --> 00:20:27.840
 And if you go to Corinth today,

00:20:28.000 --> 00:20:31.620
 you can still see his name emblazoned on one of the paving stones.

00:20:31.779 --> 00:20:34.539
 Erastus seems to have been one of the ministers of public works.

00:20:35.000 --> 00:20:36.600
 And I know it might be hard to see,

00:20:36.720 --> 00:20:38.580
 but the beginning of the E is there,

00:20:38.740 --> 00:20:40.900
 R-A-S-T-U-S.

00:20:41.000 --> 00:20:41.820
 The U looks like a V.

00:20:42.400 --> 00:20:42.880
 Erastus.

00:20:43.340 --> 00:20:46.080
 How do we know that's the Erastus that Paul would refer to?

00:20:46.079 --> 00:20:51.179
 Erastus mentions him as a Corinthian minister of,

00:20:51.279 --> 00:20:51.639
 I think,

00:20:51.679 --> 00:20:52.379
 of public works,

00:20:52.419 --> 00:20:54.539
 or maybe of some kind of official.

00:20:54.980 --> 00:20:58.299
 And we know that when this name was put down,

00:20:58.399 --> 00:21:01.599
 that that's what the public officials who were responsible for laying these things

00:21:01.599 --> 00:21:02.779
 and arranging it would put their names on.

00:21:03.039 --> 00:21:04.019
 So the place matches,

00:21:04.199 --> 00:21:04.839
 the name matches,

00:21:05.539 --> 00:21:08.240
 the profession matches,

00:21:08.240 --> 00:21:09.140
 and the time matches.

00:21:12.279 --> 00:21:16.900
 A person in the ancient world wouldn't likely know about these things

00:21:16.900 --> 00:21:18.380
 unless they were actually there

00:21:18.380 --> 00:21:20.259
 and witnessed many of these people.

00:21:21.240 --> 00:21:24.980
 And we can even go to the names in the New Testament

00:21:24.980 --> 00:21:27.059
 of humble peasants and workers.

00:21:27.500 --> 00:21:29.120
 Even they can be verified.

00:21:29.640 --> 00:21:32.480
 Now, they can't be verified on an individual basis,

00:21:32.480 --> 00:21:34.339
 but it turns out that,

00:21:34.599 --> 00:21:36.620
 but they can be verified statistically.

00:21:36.900 --> 00:21:37.720
 And let me tell you what I mean.

00:21:38.000 --> 00:21:40.599
 It turns out that every generation and every location

00:21:40.599 --> 00:21:44.220
 has a frequency rate in their choice of names.

00:21:44.360 --> 00:21:45.519
 So when people have children,

00:21:46.079 --> 00:21:47.579
 they choose certain names,

00:21:47.640 --> 00:21:49.339
 and every generation has a frequency rate.

00:21:49.420 --> 00:21:49.920
 So for instance,

00:21:50.000 --> 00:21:50.680
 in the United States,

00:21:50.759 --> 00:21:51.480
 100 years ago,

00:21:51.920 --> 00:21:52.220
 Betty,

00:21:52.579 --> 00:21:52.900
 Sally,

00:21:53.019 --> 00:21:53.940
 those were popular names.

00:21:54.000 --> 00:21:55.180
 Not so popular these days.

00:21:55.259 --> 00:21:57.299
 We have different names that children tend to have.

00:21:57.299 --> 00:22:00.500
 And you can line up these statistics,

00:22:00.659 --> 00:22:01.899
 figure out what names are popular,

00:22:02.019 --> 00:22:03.059
 look at the frequency rate.

00:22:03.319 --> 00:22:04.819
 And some scholars have done this

00:22:04.819 --> 00:22:08.379
 with ancient names from first century Israel.

00:22:08.839 --> 00:22:10.159
 And they have found

00:22:10.159 --> 00:22:12.240
 that the frequency rate of those names

00:22:12.240 --> 00:22:14.859
 matches up with the New Testament's reports

00:22:14.859 --> 00:22:16.680
 of a lot of Marys

00:22:16.680 --> 00:22:18.700
 and a lot of Simons.

00:22:18.779 --> 00:22:19.500
 If you read the New Testament,

00:22:19.559 --> 00:22:19.740
 you're like,

00:22:19.799 --> 00:22:20.619
 everybody's named Mary.

00:22:20.859 --> 00:22:21.659
 Everybody's named Simon.

00:22:21.759 --> 00:22:23.619
 Well, that's exactly what was going on

00:22:23.619 --> 00:22:25.019
 in first century Palestine.

00:22:25.019 --> 00:22:26.720
 And so even those names

00:22:26.720 --> 00:22:28.859
 can be roughly corroborated.

00:22:29.319 --> 00:22:30.279
 Now we can also test

00:22:30.279 --> 00:22:32.000
 the accuracy of the eyewitnesses

00:22:32.000 --> 00:22:33.059
 in other ways too,

00:22:33.440 --> 00:22:35.059
 aside from references to people.

00:22:35.200 --> 00:22:37.319
 We can examine geographic references

00:22:37.319 --> 00:22:38.220
 in the New Testament.

00:22:38.660 --> 00:22:40.720
 This map shows dozens of locations

00:22:40.720 --> 00:22:42.079
 mentioned in the New Testament.

00:22:42.700 --> 00:22:44.119
 And guess what?

00:22:44.420 --> 00:22:47.639
 The New Testament correctly locates all of them.

00:22:47.839 --> 00:22:49.960
 It's even correct about little towns

00:22:49.960 --> 00:22:51.220
 near and around Jerusalem,

00:22:51.500 --> 00:22:53.180
 like Arimathea and Bethlehem.

00:22:53.180 --> 00:22:56.940
 And it's also correct about villages in Galilee,

00:22:57.039 --> 00:22:58.460
 even tiny fishing villages

00:22:58.460 --> 00:22:59.640
 around the Sea of Galilee,

00:22:59.759 --> 00:23:01.140
 like Capernaum.

00:23:01.560 --> 00:23:02.660
 Remember back then,

00:23:03.080 --> 00:23:04.660
 folks didn't have maps or atlases

00:23:04.660 --> 00:23:06.299
 or the internet or encyclopedias

00:23:06.299 --> 00:23:08.660
 to look up little places like this.

00:23:09.120 --> 00:23:10.400
 The only way to know about

00:23:10.400 --> 00:23:11.900
 an insignificant fishing village

00:23:11.900 --> 00:23:13.620
 was if you were actually there

00:23:13.620 --> 00:23:15.320
 or you knew someone who was.

00:23:15.519 --> 00:23:17.720
 And the New Testament gets them right.

00:23:17.880 --> 00:23:20.320
 And this is in great contrast

00:23:20.319 --> 00:23:22.899
 to other documents we've mentioned

00:23:22.899 --> 00:23:23.659
 in past courses,

00:23:23.779 --> 00:23:25.099
 some of those false gospels.

00:23:25.599 --> 00:23:27.480
 They will mention villages and towns

00:23:27.480 --> 00:23:28.619
 that seem to have no bearing

00:23:28.619 --> 00:23:29.700
 with historical reality.

00:23:30.419 --> 00:23:32.740
 But let's go even smaller.

00:23:33.079 --> 00:23:35.099
 The Gospel of John in chapter four

00:23:35.099 --> 00:23:36.359
 mentions Jacob's well.

00:23:37.759 --> 00:23:38.379
 Here it is.

00:23:38.559 --> 00:23:41.139
 The Gospel of John speaks of the pool of Siloam,

00:23:41.379 --> 00:23:44.439
 where Jesus tells a man to go and wash.

00:23:44.899 --> 00:23:45.579
 There it is.

00:23:45.579 --> 00:23:50.519
 The Gospel of John mentions huge stone water jars.

00:23:50.659 --> 00:23:52.000
 Now, this is kind of strange

00:23:52.000 --> 00:23:54.579
 because you think of water jars as smaller

00:23:54.579 --> 00:23:56.059
 and not made out of stone,

00:23:56.159 --> 00:23:56.799
 made out of clay.

00:23:56.879 --> 00:23:58.539
 But these are big and made out of stone.

00:23:58.859 --> 00:24:00.659
 But apparently that's not what they used to do

00:24:00.659 --> 00:24:01.939
 in first century Judea,

00:24:02.039 --> 00:24:03.019
 because here we go.

00:24:03.159 --> 00:24:04.159
 We still have some of them.

00:24:04.619 --> 00:24:06.779
 John did know what he was talking about.

00:24:07.039 --> 00:24:09.359
 And we could continue doing this for hours

00:24:09.359 --> 00:24:11.259
 about New Testament events, customs,

00:24:11.439 --> 00:24:12.119
 contemporary beliefs,

00:24:12.259 --> 00:24:13.279
 various historical phenomenon,

00:24:13.359 --> 00:24:14.359
 and all sorts of other things

00:24:14.359 --> 00:24:15.740
 that the New Testament reports

00:24:15.740 --> 00:24:17.059
 is occurring in the first century.

00:24:18.799 --> 00:24:20.099
 And you'll see that

00:24:20.099 --> 00:24:22.039
 when the New Testament talks about events,

00:24:22.119 --> 00:24:24.199
 we're able to historically verify them.

00:24:24.699 --> 00:24:27.079
 It seems then that the authors

00:24:27.079 --> 00:24:29.579
 were not in the habit of making up information.

00:24:30.019 --> 00:24:31.000
 It also implies that

00:24:31.000 --> 00:24:32.979
 the original New Testament documents

00:24:32.979 --> 00:24:35.799
 must have been well preserved,

00:24:35.959 --> 00:24:38.319
 because if later scribes were in the habit

00:24:38.319 --> 00:24:40.000
 of messing about with them,

00:24:40.259 --> 00:24:41.500
 then these historical claims

00:24:41.500 --> 00:24:43.039
 would have tended to have been altered

00:24:43.039 --> 00:24:44.740
 and therefore would have tended

00:24:44.740 --> 00:24:46.519
 to not be so precise.

00:24:46.779 --> 00:24:48.000
 But they are precise.

00:24:49.200 --> 00:24:50.720
 Now, it must be said

00:24:50.720 --> 00:24:53.000
 that there are a handful of instances

00:24:53.000 --> 00:24:55.559
 where historical claims in the New Testament

00:24:55.559 --> 00:24:57.420
 seem to be contradicted

00:24:57.420 --> 00:24:59.619
 by what we know from other sources.

00:25:00.099 --> 00:25:02.379
 And I would say that the most prominent,

00:25:02.500 --> 00:25:04.079
 the most egregious example of this

00:25:04.079 --> 00:25:07.000
 is with Theudis the Galilean,

00:25:07.159 --> 00:25:09.139
 whom Luke mentions in the book of Acts,

00:25:09.259 --> 00:25:09.980
 chapter 5.

00:25:09.980 --> 00:25:13.299
 And Luke seems to clearly date this guy

00:25:13.299 --> 00:25:15.519
 to before 39 AD.

00:25:16.000 --> 00:25:17.140
 The problem with this

00:25:17.140 --> 00:25:19.700
 is that the ancient Jewish historian Josephus,

00:25:19.860 --> 00:25:21.700
 he also mentions Theudis,

00:25:21.839 --> 00:25:25.019
 but he dates him several decades later.

00:25:25.920 --> 00:25:27.640
 But rather than concluding

00:25:27.640 --> 00:25:30.720
 that Luke and the New Testament are wrong,

00:25:31.120 --> 00:25:33.279
 I would caution us to withhold judgment,

00:25:33.779 --> 00:25:36.900
 given how accurate the New Testament is elsewhere.

00:25:36.900 --> 00:25:39.680
 Perhaps there was a second Theudis,

00:25:39.900 --> 00:25:42.780
 or perhaps Josephus himself was wrong.

00:25:42.920 --> 00:25:45.360
 And in fact, we know Josephus is often wrong.

00:25:45.660 --> 00:25:47.320
 Josephus actually talks about,

00:25:47.400 --> 00:25:48.380
 he wrote multiple books,

00:25:48.600 --> 00:25:50.500
 and he talks about the same period of time,

00:25:50.640 --> 00:25:51.680
 three different times,

00:25:51.759 --> 00:25:53.960
 so you can compare his own reports to one another.

00:25:54.120 --> 00:25:55.920
 And he contradicts himself several times.

00:25:56.800 --> 00:25:57.820
 So in fact,

00:25:58.500 --> 00:26:00.400
 since the advent of modern scholarship,

00:26:00.519 --> 00:26:02.440
 there's always been some historical claims

00:26:02.440 --> 00:26:03.240
 in the New Testament

00:26:03.240 --> 00:26:06.539
 that skeptical scholars dismissed as wrong,

00:26:06.700 --> 00:26:07.599
 or made up,

00:26:07.700 --> 00:26:08.819
 or otherwise fictitious.

00:26:09.160 --> 00:26:10.380
 They would seize on these

00:26:10.380 --> 00:26:11.019
 and argue

00:26:11.019 --> 00:26:12.339
 that the New Testament authors

00:26:12.339 --> 00:26:13.559
 were historically incorrect,

00:26:14.039 --> 00:26:15.680
 and that they were fabricating information,

00:26:15.839 --> 00:26:17.019
 and therefore untrustworthy.

00:26:17.359 --> 00:26:18.319
 But time and again,

00:26:18.720 --> 00:26:20.200
 later discoveries have proved

00:26:20.200 --> 00:26:21.480
 the New Testament right,

00:26:22.039 --> 00:26:23.880
 and the skeptical scholars wrong.

00:26:24.640 --> 00:26:26.019
 Let me show you what I mean.

00:26:26.339 --> 00:26:27.079
 Back in the day,

00:26:27.400 --> 00:26:28.779
 certain scholars believed

00:26:28.779 --> 00:26:29.740
 that Nicodemus,

00:26:29.799 --> 00:26:31.160
 who came to Jesus by night

00:26:31.160 --> 00:26:32.080
 in the Gospel of John,

00:26:32.860 --> 00:26:35.019
 they believed that he was fabricated

00:26:35.019 --> 00:26:36.340
 by the Gospel of John.

00:26:36.500 --> 00:26:37.320
 Some of them claimed

00:26:37.320 --> 00:26:38.820
 that John must have made up

00:26:38.820 --> 00:26:39.860
 the name Nicodemus

00:26:39.860 --> 00:26:41.519
 to function as an allegory,

00:26:41.620 --> 00:26:42.620
 because Nicodemus

00:26:42.620 --> 00:26:44.980
 literally means ruler of the people.

00:26:45.300 --> 00:26:46.440
 And these skeptical scholars

00:26:46.440 --> 00:26:47.480
 thought that John wanted

00:26:47.480 --> 00:26:49.279
 to make a kind of greater point

00:26:49.279 --> 00:26:50.920
 about how even rulers of the people

00:26:50.920 --> 00:26:51.800
 were coming to Jesus,

00:26:51.900 --> 00:26:53.680
 so he made up this guy named Nicodemus.

00:26:54.540 --> 00:26:57.300
 Now John gives six data points

00:26:57.300 --> 00:26:58.279
 about Nicodemus.

00:26:58.420 --> 00:26:59.840
 He tells us that Nicodemus

00:26:59.839 --> 00:27:01.279
 was a member of the ruling class,

00:27:01.399 --> 00:27:02.419
 that he was a Pharisee,

00:27:02.459 --> 00:27:03.539
 that he was a teacher of the law,

00:27:03.619 --> 00:27:04.419
 that he was very wealthy,

00:27:04.579 --> 00:27:06.119
 that he was associated with Jerusalem,

00:27:06.119 --> 00:27:07.299
 and that he lived

00:27:07.299 --> 00:27:08.819
 in the early first century.

00:27:09.099 --> 00:27:10.339
 And certain scholars thought

00:27:10.339 --> 00:27:11.299
 that this was nonsense,

00:27:11.720 --> 00:27:13.199
 and that there was no Nicodemus.

00:27:13.919 --> 00:27:14.659
 But then,

00:27:15.379 --> 00:27:16.139
 other scholars

00:27:16.139 --> 00:27:17.259
 started realizing

00:27:17.259 --> 00:27:18.439
 that according to

00:27:18.439 --> 00:27:19.599
 ancient Jewish literature,

00:27:19.799 --> 00:27:21.000
 there was, in fact,

00:27:21.079 --> 00:27:21.639
 a rich,

00:27:22.220 --> 00:27:23.720
 ruling family in Jerusalem

00:27:23.720 --> 00:27:24.720
 in the first century

00:27:24.720 --> 00:27:26.539
 that did have Pharisees

00:27:26.539 --> 00:27:27.459
 and teachers of the law

00:27:27.459 --> 00:27:27.879
 as members,

00:27:27.880 --> 00:27:30.440
 and do you know

00:27:30.440 --> 00:27:31.680
 what name

00:27:31.680 --> 00:27:32.520
 was popular

00:27:32.520 --> 00:27:33.160
 for men

00:27:33.160 --> 00:27:33.960
 in that family?

00:27:35.240 --> 00:27:35.720
 Nicodemus.

00:27:36.340 --> 00:27:37.900
 It may also be

00:27:37.900 --> 00:27:39.600
 that the Jewish Babylonian Talmud

00:27:39.600 --> 00:27:41.520
 mentions Nicodemus' execution

00:27:41.520 --> 00:27:43.200
 as a disciple of Jesus.

00:27:44.040 --> 00:27:45.000
 The Talmud seems,

00:27:45.120 --> 00:27:46.320
 this is a little tentative,

00:27:46.660 --> 00:27:47.500
 but the Talmud seems

00:27:47.500 --> 00:27:48.340
 to use a nickname

00:27:48.340 --> 00:27:49.200
 for Nicodemus,

00:27:49.320 --> 00:27:50.200
 a nickname that we know

00:27:50.200 --> 00:27:51.360
 is used for people

00:27:51.360 --> 00:27:52.460
 with the name Nicodemus.

00:27:53.800 --> 00:27:55.080
 So we can't be totally sure

00:27:55.079 --> 00:27:55.559
 of that one.

00:27:56.039 --> 00:27:57.279
 But in either case,

00:27:58.299 --> 00:27:59.359
 no scholar can really

00:27:59.359 --> 00:28:00.159
 truthfully claim

00:28:00.159 --> 00:28:01.759
 that Nicodemus never existed

00:28:01.759 --> 00:28:02.699
 because he seems like

00:28:02.699 --> 00:28:03.659
 an entirely plausible

00:28:03.659 --> 00:28:05.599
 historical person.

00:28:06.659 --> 00:28:07.519
 Let me give you

00:28:07.519 --> 00:28:08.359
 some more examples.

00:28:09.019 --> 00:28:10.079
 In the Book of Acts,

00:28:10.480 --> 00:28:11.279
 Luke tells us

00:28:11.279 --> 00:28:11.639
 that there was

00:28:11.639 --> 00:28:12.939
 an empire-wide famine

00:28:12.939 --> 00:28:13.639
 during the reign

00:28:13.639 --> 00:28:14.679
 of Emperor Claudius.

00:28:14.859 --> 00:28:16.019
 For a long time,

00:28:16.379 --> 00:28:17.519
 scholars dismissed this

00:28:17.519 --> 00:28:19.559
 as a pious exaggeration.

00:28:19.559 --> 00:28:20.439
 There was one

00:28:20.439 --> 00:28:22.039
 or two local famines,

00:28:22.039 --> 00:28:23.720
 but no famine gripped

00:28:23.720 --> 00:28:25.559
 the whole Roman Empire

00:28:25.559 --> 00:28:26.440
 during the reign

00:28:26.440 --> 00:28:27.019
 of Claudius,

00:28:27.099 --> 00:28:27.579
 they said.

00:28:28.180 --> 00:28:30.440
 Yet archaeological excavations

00:28:30.440 --> 00:28:32.159
 discovered ancient records

00:28:32.159 --> 00:28:34.599
 on papyrus in Egypt

00:28:34.599 --> 00:28:36.440
 documenting the annual

00:28:36.440 --> 00:28:37.619
 flooding of the Nile

00:28:37.619 --> 00:28:38.519
 when the Nile

00:28:38.519 --> 00:28:40.339
 would irrigate farmland.

00:28:40.639 --> 00:28:42.099
 Now, it's important to know

00:28:42.099 --> 00:28:44.339
 that Egypt was the breadbasket

00:28:44.339 --> 00:28:45.180
 of the Roman Empire.

00:28:45.299 --> 00:28:45.819
 That's where they got

00:28:45.819 --> 00:28:47.019
 most of their food from

00:28:47.019 --> 00:28:47.599
 when the Nile

00:28:47.599 --> 00:28:48.779
 would do its annual flood

00:28:48.779 --> 00:28:50.079
 and irrigate all the farmland.

00:28:50.079 --> 00:28:52.779
 And it would provide

00:28:52.779 --> 00:28:54.000
 incredibly fertile ground

00:28:54.000 --> 00:28:54.899
 for crops.

00:28:55.599 --> 00:28:57.099
 Well, it turns out

00:28:57.099 --> 00:28:58.179
 that during the reign

00:28:58.179 --> 00:28:58.859
 of Claudius,

00:28:59.099 --> 00:29:00.259
 these papyrus records

00:29:00.259 --> 00:29:02.099
 document that in one year

00:29:02.099 --> 00:29:04.779
 the Nile badly overflooded,

00:29:05.179 --> 00:29:06.699
 which would have invariably

00:29:06.699 --> 00:29:07.799
 caused the destruction

00:29:07.799 --> 00:29:09.259
 of the crops of Egypt

00:29:09.259 --> 00:29:11.639
 and invariably would have caused

00:29:11.639 --> 00:29:13.199
 a severe famine

00:29:13.199 --> 00:29:14.240
 throughout the empire.

00:29:14.939 --> 00:29:16.259
 In fact, one scholar,

00:29:16.839 --> 00:29:17.980
 Ken Sperber Gap,

00:29:17.980 --> 00:29:20.319
 he says that the official documents

00:29:20.319 --> 00:29:21.920
 found amongst the papyri in Egypt,

00:29:22.079 --> 00:29:22.220
 quote,

00:29:22.339 --> 00:29:24.000
 so supports Luke's count

00:29:24.000 --> 00:29:25.120
 of the universal famine

00:29:25.120 --> 00:29:26.160
 that the accuracy

00:29:26.160 --> 00:29:26.860
 of the statement

00:29:26.860 --> 00:29:29.319
 can no longer be challenged.

00:29:29.960 --> 00:29:31.180
 We can keep going.

00:29:31.680 --> 00:29:32.720
 The Pool of Bethesda,

00:29:32.819 --> 00:29:34.799
 mentioned in John chapter 5,

00:29:35.120 --> 00:29:37.079
 John says that it had five sides,

00:29:37.420 --> 00:29:38.019
 each equipped

00:29:38.019 --> 00:29:39.539
 with an overhanging porch.

00:29:39.799 --> 00:29:40.960
 Now, this is kind of weird.

00:29:41.200 --> 00:29:42.460
 Normally, when you think of a pool,

00:29:42.620 --> 00:29:43.720
 you think of four sides

00:29:43.720 --> 00:29:45.620
 or you think of a circular pool.

00:29:45.740 --> 00:29:46.980
 And this one is extra special

00:29:46.980 --> 00:29:48.160
 because each side

00:29:48.160 --> 00:29:50.079
 had like an overhanging porch.

00:29:50.460 --> 00:29:51.259
 For a long while,

00:29:52.000 --> 00:29:53.519
 scholars accused John

00:29:53.519 --> 00:29:54.380
 of making up

00:29:54.380 --> 00:29:55.640
 this piece of information

00:29:55.640 --> 00:29:56.960
 because we had no

00:29:56.960 --> 00:29:58.400
 archaeological record

00:29:58.400 --> 00:29:59.339
 of its existence.

00:29:59.920 --> 00:30:00.440
 Scholars said

00:30:00.440 --> 00:30:01.360
 that the five porches

00:30:01.360 --> 00:30:03.039
 were fictitiously crafted

00:30:03.039 --> 00:30:03.740
 by John

00:30:03.740 --> 00:30:04.519
 to represent

00:30:04.519 --> 00:30:06.000
 five stratas of society

00:30:06.000 --> 00:30:07.180
 or the five books of Moses

00:30:07.180 --> 00:30:08.519
 or some other thing like that.

00:30:08.900 --> 00:30:09.460
 But then,

00:30:09.940 --> 00:30:10.980
 in 1948,

00:30:12.039 --> 00:30:13.680
 archaeologists found this,

00:30:13.680 --> 00:30:15.180
 a pool that scholars

00:30:15.180 --> 00:30:15.900
 now admit

00:30:15.900 --> 00:30:17.820
 is the Pool of Bethesda

00:30:17.820 --> 00:30:18.860
 and indeed

00:30:18.860 --> 00:30:21.039
 had five sides.

00:30:21.279 --> 00:30:22.519
 The picture is showing

00:30:22.519 --> 00:30:24.000
 one half of the pool

00:30:24.000 --> 00:30:25.200
 and the archaeological

00:30:25.200 --> 00:30:25.840
 reconstruction,

00:30:26.019 --> 00:30:26.560
 you can see that

00:30:26.560 --> 00:30:27.240
 it actually is

00:30:27.240 --> 00:30:28.200
 a four-sided pool,

00:30:28.299 --> 00:30:28.860
 but then it has

00:30:28.860 --> 00:30:30.960
 a porch going between it,

00:30:31.100 --> 00:30:32.500
 making five porches.

00:30:32.580 --> 00:30:33.560
 So, four on the outside,

00:30:33.920 --> 00:30:34.779
 one through the middle,

00:30:35.140 --> 00:30:37.779
 just like John reported.

00:30:38.299 --> 00:30:38.740
 Or,

00:30:38.860 --> 00:30:40.160
 we could talk about Galio.

00:30:40.860 --> 00:30:41.299
 Galio

00:30:41.299 --> 00:30:43.139
 was the man

00:30:43.139 --> 00:30:44.259
 to whom Paul

00:30:44.259 --> 00:30:45.579
 had a trial before

00:30:45.579 --> 00:30:46.480
 in the book of Acts.

00:30:46.919 --> 00:30:48.319
 Scholars routinely claim

00:30:48.319 --> 00:30:49.460
 that Luke's chronology

00:30:49.460 --> 00:30:50.180
 in the book of Acts

00:30:50.180 --> 00:30:50.680
 was, quote,

00:30:51.000 --> 00:30:52.720
 hopeless and false

00:30:52.720 --> 00:30:54.019
 regarding Paul's trial

00:30:54.019 --> 00:30:54.799
 before Galio

00:30:54.799 --> 00:30:55.740
 in Acts chapter 18.

00:30:56.279 --> 00:30:57.700
 Other scholars insisted

00:30:57.700 --> 00:30:58.299
 that Luke,

00:30:58.399 --> 00:30:58.759
 the author,

00:30:58.899 --> 00:30:59.919
 most likely placed

00:30:59.919 --> 00:31:00.440
 this trial

00:31:00.440 --> 00:31:01.779
 somewhere between

00:31:01.779 --> 00:31:04.359
 51 and 54 AD.

00:31:04.740 --> 00:31:05.619
 But these scholars

00:31:05.619 --> 00:31:06.720
 were dismissed.

00:31:06.720 --> 00:31:07.600
 But then,

00:31:07.900 --> 00:31:09.200
 in 1913,

00:31:09.660 --> 00:31:10.660
 this inscription

00:31:10.660 --> 00:31:11.759
 was found

00:31:11.759 --> 00:31:13.420
 which mentions Galio

00:31:13.420 --> 00:31:15.400
 and precisely dates him

00:31:15.400 --> 00:31:18.380
 to 51 or 52 AD

00:31:18.380 --> 00:31:21.160
 exactly as Luke claimed.

00:31:22.019 --> 00:31:22.880
 Here's another one.

00:31:22.980 --> 00:31:23.799
 Sergius Paulus,

00:31:23.900 --> 00:31:25.140
 Acts chapter 13,

00:31:25.220 --> 00:31:25.640
 verse 7.

00:31:25.700 --> 00:31:26.339
 Another guy

00:31:26.339 --> 00:31:27.460
 whom Paul preached before.

00:31:28.319 --> 00:31:29.420
 Scholars for many years

00:31:29.420 --> 00:31:30.680
 said there was no evidence

00:31:30.680 --> 00:31:31.759
 that Sergius Paulus

00:31:31.759 --> 00:31:33.319
 was a proconsul in Cyprus

00:31:33.319 --> 00:31:34.779
 like Luke claims

00:31:34.779 --> 00:31:35.519
 in the book of Acts.

00:31:35.519 --> 00:31:36.279
 But then,

00:31:36.940 --> 00:31:37.579
 this inscription

00:31:37.579 --> 00:31:38.200
 was discovered.

00:31:38.359 --> 00:31:39.019
 And then this one.

00:31:39.440 --> 00:31:40.720
 And these clearly show

00:31:40.720 --> 00:31:42.460
 that a Sergius Paulus

00:31:42.460 --> 00:31:44.039
 was proconsul in Cyprus

00:31:44.039 --> 00:31:45.740
 sometime in the first century.

00:31:46.139 --> 00:31:48.460
 Exactly like Luke claims.

00:31:49.119 --> 00:31:49.940
 Skeptical scholars

00:31:49.940 --> 00:31:50.920
 also accused Luke

00:31:50.920 --> 00:31:52.059
 of making up the census

00:31:52.059 --> 00:31:53.799
 mentioned in Luke chapter 2

00:31:53.799 --> 00:31:55.160
 when Mary and Joseph

00:31:55.160 --> 00:31:55.920
 went to Bethlehem

00:31:55.920 --> 00:31:56.480
 to be registered

00:31:56.480 --> 00:31:57.480
 for Jesus' birth.

00:31:57.859 --> 00:31:58.920
 Our historical sources

00:31:58.920 --> 00:31:59.500
 tell us

00:31:59.500 --> 00:32:00.379
 that the census

00:32:00.379 --> 00:32:01.539
 actually happened

00:32:01.539 --> 00:32:02.879
 years later.

00:32:03.759 --> 00:32:04.720
 Skeptical scholars

00:32:04.720 --> 00:32:05.480
 said Luke

00:32:05.480 --> 00:32:06.599
 was wrong.

00:32:06.980 --> 00:32:08.019
 But other scholars

00:32:08.019 --> 00:32:09.779
 thought maybe

00:32:09.779 --> 00:32:10.299
 there was more

00:32:10.299 --> 00:32:10.980
 than one census.

00:32:11.519 --> 00:32:12.380
 But they were ignored.

00:32:13.559 --> 00:32:14.500
 But then we found

00:32:14.500 --> 00:32:15.500
 this inscription

00:32:15.500 --> 00:32:17.220
 which was shown

00:32:17.220 --> 00:32:18.279
 to clearly speak

00:32:18.279 --> 00:32:19.920
 about not one census

00:32:19.920 --> 00:32:21.980
 but many censuses.

00:32:22.480 --> 00:32:23.160
 And Luke

00:32:23.160 --> 00:32:24.440
 was vindicated.

00:32:24.980 --> 00:32:25.759
 The same happened

00:32:25.759 --> 00:32:26.500
 with Quirinius.

00:32:26.900 --> 00:32:27.620
 Skeptical scholars

00:32:27.620 --> 00:32:28.519
 also said that Luke

00:32:28.519 --> 00:32:29.220
 was wrong about

00:32:29.220 --> 00:32:29.839
 the governorship

00:32:29.839 --> 00:32:30.539
 of Quirinius

00:32:30.539 --> 00:32:31.519
 in Luke chapter 2.

00:32:31.519 --> 00:32:32.920
 The ancient historian

00:32:32.920 --> 00:32:33.660
 Josephus

00:32:33.660 --> 00:32:35.220
 placed his governorship

00:32:35.220 --> 00:32:36.259
 years later

00:32:36.259 --> 00:32:36.900
 than Luke did.

00:32:37.519 --> 00:32:38.099
 Some scholars

00:32:38.099 --> 00:32:38.920
 tried to solve this

00:32:38.920 --> 00:32:40.000
 by hypothesizing

00:32:40.000 --> 00:32:41.139
 that perhaps Quirinius

00:32:41.139 --> 00:32:42.079
 was governor

00:32:42.079 --> 00:32:43.059
 more than once.

00:32:43.480 --> 00:32:44.259
 But this seemed

00:32:44.259 --> 00:32:46.200
 like special pleading.

00:32:46.759 --> 00:32:47.420
 But then

00:32:47.420 --> 00:32:49.000
 this inscription

00:32:49.000 --> 00:32:50.059
 was deciphered

00:32:50.059 --> 00:32:50.759
 and then this one

00:32:50.759 --> 00:32:51.839
 and then this one

00:32:51.839 --> 00:32:52.960
 and it showed

00:32:52.960 --> 00:32:54.240
 that there was

00:32:54.240 --> 00:32:54.859
 a governor

00:32:54.859 --> 00:32:55.599
 in the very,

00:32:55.740 --> 00:32:56.740
 very early part

00:32:56.740 --> 00:32:58.299
 of the first century A.D.

00:32:58.299 --> 00:32:58.839
 or the end

00:32:58.839 --> 00:33:00.319
 of the first century B.C.

00:33:00.440 --> 00:33:01.519
 there was a governor

00:33:01.519 --> 00:33:02.259
 of Syria

00:33:02.259 --> 00:33:03.700
 who did have

00:33:03.700 --> 00:33:04.659
 two terms

00:33:04.659 --> 00:33:06.359
 that were not consecutive

00:33:06.359 --> 00:33:07.619
 and that the most

00:33:07.619 --> 00:33:08.460
 likely candidate

00:33:08.460 --> 00:33:09.299
 for this governor

00:33:09.299 --> 00:33:12.039
 was in fact Quirinius

00:33:12.039 --> 00:33:13.200
 who therefore

00:33:13.200 --> 00:33:14.099
 seems to have been

00:33:14.099 --> 00:33:15.819
 governor more than once.

00:33:16.899 --> 00:33:17.720
 Luke was right again.

00:33:17.899 --> 00:33:18.419
 And by the way

00:33:18.419 --> 00:33:18.980
 that was not

00:33:18.980 --> 00:33:20.240
 an uncommon thing

00:33:20.240 --> 00:33:21.099
 in the ancient world.

00:33:21.419 --> 00:33:22.220
 People were often

00:33:22.220 --> 00:33:23.220
 being shuffled in and out.

00:33:24.119 --> 00:33:24.879
 We can say

00:33:24.879 --> 00:33:25.659
 the same thing

00:33:25.659 --> 00:33:27.440
 about Luke's reference

00:33:27.440 --> 00:33:28.900
 to Lysanius the Tetrarch

00:33:28.900 --> 00:33:30.580
 in Luke chapter 3.

00:33:31.380 --> 00:33:31.960
 Scholars said

00:33:31.960 --> 00:33:32.580
 for many years

00:33:32.580 --> 00:33:33.019
 that Luke

00:33:33.019 --> 00:33:33.960
 contradicted

00:33:33.960 --> 00:33:35.160
 the historical record

00:33:35.160 --> 00:33:36.840
 by placing Lysanius

00:33:36.840 --> 00:33:38.960
 some 50 or 60 years

00:33:38.960 --> 00:33:41.080
 after he really existed.

00:33:41.640 --> 00:33:42.680
 Some faithful scholars

00:33:42.680 --> 00:33:43.420
 suggested that

00:33:43.420 --> 00:33:44.259
 maybe there was

00:33:44.259 --> 00:33:44.900
 more than one

00:33:44.900 --> 00:33:46.000
 Lysanius the Tetrarch.

00:33:46.400 --> 00:33:46.779
 But again,

00:33:46.840 --> 00:33:47.420
 this seemed like

00:33:47.420 --> 00:33:48.200
 special pleading.

00:33:48.799 --> 00:33:50.320
 But then in 1912

00:33:50.320 --> 00:33:51.880
 we found this inscription

00:33:51.880 --> 00:33:53.160
 and it proved

00:33:53.160 --> 00:33:54.019
 that there actually

00:33:54.019 --> 00:33:55.140
 were two

00:33:55.140 --> 00:33:56.720
 Lysanius the Tetrarchs.

00:33:56.720 --> 00:33:58.319
 And Luke was right

00:33:58.319 --> 00:33:59.079
 again.

00:33:59.700 --> 00:34:00.740
 And once more

00:34:00.740 --> 00:34:02.019
 that's not all that

00:34:02.019 --> 00:34:03.240
 unusual in the ancient world.

00:34:03.360 --> 00:34:03.960
 You'll have someone

00:34:03.960 --> 00:34:04.660
 who's a ruler

00:34:04.660 --> 00:34:05.140
 or a governor

00:34:05.140 --> 00:34:05.880
 or a powerful figure

00:34:05.880 --> 00:34:06.740
 and they often name

00:34:06.740 --> 00:34:08.320
 their son the same name

00:34:08.320 --> 00:34:09.179
 and that son often

00:34:09.179 --> 00:34:09.800
 goes on

00:34:09.800 --> 00:34:10.760
 or grandson goes on

00:34:10.760 --> 00:34:12.039
 to do the same job.

00:34:12.179 --> 00:34:13.740
 So it's not unusual

00:34:13.740 --> 00:34:14.960
 to find situations

00:34:14.960 --> 00:34:15.500
 like this.

00:34:16.059 --> 00:34:16.740
 You can for instance

00:34:16.740 --> 00:34:17.300
 see this

00:34:17.300 --> 00:34:18.659
 with the Roman emperors

00:34:18.659 --> 00:34:19.559
 where every single

00:34:19.559 --> 00:34:20.079
 Roman emperor

00:34:20.079 --> 00:34:20.800
 adopts the name

00:34:20.800 --> 00:34:21.800
 Augustus or Caesar.

00:34:21.960 --> 00:34:22.460
 So they all have

00:34:22.460 --> 00:34:23.280
 the same names

00:34:23.280 --> 00:34:24.119
 all dozens of them

00:34:24.119 --> 00:34:24.900
 again and again.

00:34:24.900 --> 00:34:25.820
 same thing happened

00:34:25.820 --> 00:34:26.300
 in other parts

00:34:26.300 --> 00:34:26.800
 of the world too.

00:34:29.200 --> 00:34:29.720
 All right.

00:34:33.980 --> 00:34:35.099
 These instances

00:34:35.099 --> 00:34:36.240
 teach us

00:34:36.240 --> 00:34:37.559
 that it is

00:34:37.559 --> 00:34:38.840
 never wise

00:34:38.840 --> 00:34:39.619
 to bet

00:34:39.619 --> 00:34:40.380
 against the

00:34:40.380 --> 00:34:41.500
 historical reliability

00:34:41.500 --> 00:34:42.960
 of the authors

00:34:42.960 --> 00:34:43.700
 of the New Testament.

00:34:44.260 --> 00:34:45.260
 It is true

00:34:45.260 --> 00:34:46.460
 that Luke

00:34:46.460 --> 00:34:47.360
 and Josephus

00:34:47.360 --> 00:34:48.619
 contradict one another

00:34:48.619 --> 00:34:49.380
 about the dates

00:34:49.380 --> 00:34:49.900
 of that guy

00:34:49.900 --> 00:34:50.539
 Theutis

00:34:50.539 --> 00:34:51.559
 I mentioned to you.

00:34:51.559 --> 00:34:52.920
 But we may yet

00:34:52.920 --> 00:34:53.659
 find evidence

00:34:53.659 --> 00:34:54.179
 that Luke

00:34:54.179 --> 00:34:54.799
 was right

00:34:54.799 --> 00:34:55.820
 about Theutis

00:34:55.820 --> 00:34:56.799
 and that Josephus

00:34:56.799 --> 00:34:57.320
 was the one

00:34:57.320 --> 00:34:57.980
 who was wrong

00:34:57.980 --> 00:34:59.579
 or we may find

00:34:59.579 --> 00:35:00.639
 that both were right

00:35:00.639 --> 00:35:01.619
 and there were two

00:35:01.619 --> 00:35:03.139
 figures of the same name.

00:35:03.480 --> 00:35:04.199
 After all

00:35:04.199 --> 00:35:05.039
 it's happened before

00:35:05.039 --> 00:35:05.679
 hasn't it?

00:35:06.179 --> 00:35:07.860
 But I have to say

00:35:07.860 --> 00:35:09.079
 about Theutis

00:35:09.079 --> 00:35:10.619
 that if it turns out

00:35:10.619 --> 00:35:11.440
 that Luke

00:35:11.440 --> 00:35:11.980
 is the one

00:35:11.980 --> 00:35:12.659
 who's incorrect

00:35:12.659 --> 00:35:14.380
 would this one

00:35:14.380 --> 00:35:15.779
 minor error

00:35:15.779 --> 00:35:17.039
 concerning a minor

00:35:17.039 --> 00:35:18.139
 marginal figure

00:35:18.139 --> 00:35:18.880
 really undermine

00:35:18.880 --> 00:35:20.000
 the overall credibility

00:35:20.000 --> 00:35:21.440
 of the New Testament

00:35:21.440 --> 00:35:23.079
 given how historically

00:35:23.079 --> 00:35:24.079
 reliable it is

00:35:24.079 --> 00:35:25.179
 with its other claims

00:35:25.179 --> 00:35:25.900
 especially

00:35:25.900 --> 00:35:27.739
 its important claims.

00:35:28.559 --> 00:35:28.940
 Indeed

00:35:28.940 --> 00:35:31.019
 the historical reliability

00:35:31.019 --> 00:35:31.940
 of the New Testament

00:35:31.940 --> 00:35:33.460
 is so strong

00:35:33.460 --> 00:35:34.039
 that

00:35:34.039 --> 00:35:36.300
 by some measurements

00:35:36.300 --> 00:35:37.559
 it gets better

00:35:37.559 --> 00:35:38.300
 every year.

00:35:38.880 --> 00:35:40.300
 Just a few years ago

00:35:40.300 --> 00:35:40.940
 a ring

00:35:40.940 --> 00:35:41.639
 was found

00:35:41.639 --> 00:35:42.119
 inscribed

00:35:42.119 --> 00:35:42.539
 with the name

00:35:42.539 --> 00:35:43.360
 Pontius Pilate

00:35:43.360 --> 00:35:44.900
 dating to the first century

00:35:44.900 --> 00:35:45.500
 in Jerusalem

00:35:45.500 --> 00:35:47.559
 and this once again

00:35:47.559 --> 00:35:48.739
 supports the New Testament

00:35:48.739 --> 00:35:49.239
 narrative

00:35:49.239 --> 00:35:50.379
 and it once again

00:35:50.379 --> 00:35:51.419
 bolsters the reliability

00:35:51.419 --> 00:35:52.259
 of the New Testament.

00:35:52.699 --> 00:35:53.459
 Like I say though

00:35:53.459 --> 00:35:54.319
 Pontius Pilate

00:35:54.319 --> 00:35:55.219
 is a well established

00:35:55.219 --> 00:35:56.059
 historical figure

00:35:56.059 --> 00:35:56.939
 even if we were missing

00:35:56.939 --> 00:35:57.739
 the ring

00:35:57.739 --> 00:35:58.299
 and the inscription

00:35:58.299 --> 00:35:58.919
 I showed you

00:35:58.919 --> 00:35:59.859
 he's mentioned

00:35:59.859 --> 00:36:01.299
 in many historical sources

00:36:01.299 --> 00:36:02.500
 other than those.

00:36:03.379 --> 00:36:04.579
 And this is similar

00:36:04.579 --> 00:36:05.879
 to what we saw

00:36:05.879 --> 00:36:06.579
 with the preservation

00:36:06.579 --> 00:36:07.439
 of the New Testament

00:36:07.439 --> 00:36:08.239
 where every year

00:36:08.239 --> 00:36:09.159
 every few years

00:36:09.159 --> 00:36:10.359
 we make more discoveries

00:36:10.359 --> 00:36:11.500
 that enhance

00:36:11.500 --> 00:36:12.699
 our confidence

00:36:12.699 --> 00:36:13.359
 in the preservation

00:36:13.359 --> 00:36:14.119
 of the New Testament

00:36:14.119 --> 00:36:15.059
 the same thing

00:36:15.059 --> 00:36:16.359
 happens with the accuracy

00:36:16.359 --> 00:36:17.219
 of the New Testament

00:36:17.219 --> 00:36:17.699
 also.

00:36:17.699 --> 00:36:18.960
 Okay

00:36:18.960 --> 00:36:19.980
 so let me summarize

00:36:19.980 --> 00:36:21.199
 we can be sure

00:36:21.199 --> 00:36:22.019
 that the New Testament

00:36:22.019 --> 00:36:23.039
 is true and accurate

00:36:23.039 --> 00:36:24.399
 because it is based

00:36:24.399 --> 00:36:25.679
 off of eyewitness testimony

00:36:25.679 --> 00:36:27.559
 and those eyewitnesses

00:36:27.559 --> 00:36:28.619
 were reliable

00:36:28.619 --> 00:36:29.759
 because they don't

00:36:29.759 --> 00:36:30.579
 seem to have gained

00:36:30.579 --> 00:36:31.039
 anything

00:36:31.039 --> 00:36:32.159
 from their claims

00:36:32.159 --> 00:36:33.179
 and therefore

00:36:33.179 --> 00:36:34.460
 had no motive

00:36:34.460 --> 00:36:35.000
 to lie

00:36:35.000 --> 00:36:35.460
 in fact

00:36:35.460 --> 00:36:36.559
 they gained suffering

00:36:36.559 --> 00:36:37.500
 and persecution

00:36:37.500 --> 00:36:38.579
 because of their claim

00:36:38.579 --> 00:36:39.279
 about the resurrection

00:36:39.279 --> 00:36:39.919
 of Jesus

00:36:39.919 --> 00:36:41.419
 yet they persisted

00:36:41.419 --> 00:36:42.059
 in maintaining

00:36:42.059 --> 00:36:43.019
 that Jesus

00:36:43.019 --> 00:36:44.899
 actually was resurrected

00:36:44.900 --> 00:36:46.139
 and furthermore

00:36:46.139 --> 00:36:47.240
 their disciples

00:36:47.240 --> 00:36:49.480
 suffered the same things

00:36:49.480 --> 00:36:52.680
 and even non-Christians

00:36:52.680 --> 00:36:54.460
 admit to much of this

00:36:54.460 --> 00:36:55.920
 as we saw with writers

00:36:55.920 --> 00:36:56.700
 like Celsus

00:36:56.700 --> 00:36:57.440
 and Porphyry

00:36:57.440 --> 00:36:58.500
 and Julian the Apostate

00:36:58.500 --> 00:37:00.079
 and lastly

00:37:00.079 --> 00:37:01.599
 we've just seen

00:37:01.599 --> 00:37:02.920
 how we can historically

00:37:02.920 --> 00:37:04.519
 verify dozens

00:37:04.519 --> 00:37:05.720
 if not hundreds

00:37:05.720 --> 00:37:07.320
 of the claims

00:37:07.320 --> 00:37:08.119
 that the New Testament

00:37:08.119 --> 00:37:08.960
 writers make

00:37:08.960 --> 00:37:10.200
 showing that the authors

00:37:10.200 --> 00:37:10.980
 of the New Testament

00:37:10.980 --> 00:37:12.599
 were not in the habit

00:37:12.599 --> 00:37:13.840
 of making up information

00:37:13.840 --> 00:37:15.539
 but were quite accurate

00:37:15.539 --> 00:37:16.860
 in their reports

00:37:16.860 --> 00:37:18.600
 and this even includes

00:37:18.600 --> 00:37:19.240
 instances

00:37:19.240 --> 00:37:20.480
 where scholars

00:37:20.480 --> 00:37:21.960
 charged the New Testament

00:37:21.960 --> 00:37:23.480
 with being wrong

00:37:23.480 --> 00:37:24.539
 and sometimes

00:37:24.539 --> 00:37:25.320
 they would maintain

00:37:25.320 --> 00:37:25.900
 these claims

00:37:25.900 --> 00:37:26.760
 for decades

00:37:26.760 --> 00:37:27.640
 or generations

00:37:27.640 --> 00:37:29.140
 but time and again

00:37:29.140 --> 00:37:30.320
 the New Testament

00:37:30.320 --> 00:37:32.120
 has been proven correct

00:37:32.120 --> 00:37:32.820
 through various

00:37:32.820 --> 00:37:33.420
 archaeological

00:37:33.420 --> 00:37:34.400
 and historical

00:37:34.400 --> 00:37:35.480
 discoveries

00:37:35.480 --> 00:37:38.019
 but let's do better

00:37:38.019 --> 00:37:38.559
 than this

00:37:38.559 --> 00:37:40.200
 all I've been doing

00:37:40.200 --> 00:37:40.840
 so far

00:37:40.840 --> 00:37:41.440
 is showing

00:37:41.440 --> 00:37:42.400
 that the New Testament

00:37:42.400 --> 00:37:43.079
 authors made

00:37:43.079 --> 00:37:44.039
 accurate claims

00:37:44.039 --> 00:37:45.279
 about mundane

00:37:45.279 --> 00:37:46.519
 normal

00:37:46.519 --> 00:37:47.860
 everyday events

00:37:47.860 --> 00:37:48.619
 and activities

00:37:48.619 --> 00:37:50.380
 but mundane evidence

00:37:50.380 --> 00:37:52.299
 gives only so much reason

00:37:52.299 --> 00:37:53.299
 to believe

00:37:53.299 --> 00:37:54.980
 super mundane things

00:37:54.980 --> 00:37:56.079
 the New Testament

00:37:56.079 --> 00:37:56.759
 is right

00:37:56.759 --> 00:37:58.539
 regarding normal

00:37:58.539 --> 00:37:59.860
 natural claims

00:37:59.860 --> 00:38:01.619
 but what about

00:38:01.619 --> 00:38:03.500
 supernatural claims

00:38:03.500 --> 00:38:04.819
 we want

00:38:04.819 --> 00:38:06.759
 extraordinary evidence

00:38:06.759 --> 00:38:08.239
 for extraordinary claims

00:38:08.239 --> 00:38:08.819
 can we

00:38:08.819 --> 00:38:09.360
 I wonder

00:38:09.360 --> 00:38:10.179
 can we

00:38:10.179 --> 00:38:11.440
 corroborate

00:38:11.440 --> 00:38:12.760
 the miracles

00:38:12.760 --> 00:38:14.720
 attributed to Jesus

00:38:14.720 --> 00:38:16.760
 yes I think

00:38:16.760 --> 00:38:17.280
 we can

00:38:17.280 --> 00:38:18.619
 this is because

00:38:18.619 --> 00:38:19.539
 the miracles

00:38:19.539 --> 00:38:20.179
 of Jesus

00:38:20.179 --> 00:38:21.000
 were so

00:38:21.000 --> 00:38:21.760
 impressive

00:38:21.760 --> 00:38:23.619
 and so indisputable

00:38:23.619 --> 00:38:24.900
 so beyond doubt

00:38:24.900 --> 00:38:26.559
 that non-Christians

00:38:26.559 --> 00:38:27.200
 and even

00:38:27.200 --> 00:38:28.900
 anti-Christians

00:38:28.900 --> 00:38:29.860
 admitted

00:38:29.860 --> 00:38:31.159
 that Jesus

00:38:31.159 --> 00:38:32.519
 and his disciples

00:38:32.519 --> 00:38:34.019
 worked miracles

00:38:34.019 --> 00:38:35.420
 let me show you

00:38:35.420 --> 00:38:36.559
 what I mean

00:38:36.559 --> 00:38:37.099
 and

00:38:37.099 --> 00:38:38.579
 what we're going to do here

00:38:38.579 --> 00:38:39.139
 is I'm going to

00:38:39.139 --> 00:38:40.159
 walk you through

00:38:40.159 --> 00:38:41.699
 some claims

00:38:41.699 --> 00:38:42.239
 from some

00:38:42.239 --> 00:38:43.279
 non-Christian writers

00:38:43.279 --> 00:38:43.860
 about Jesus

00:38:43.860 --> 00:38:44.519
 and we're going to go

00:38:44.519 --> 00:38:44.940
 in sort of

00:38:44.940 --> 00:38:46.500
 reverse chronological order

00:38:46.500 --> 00:38:47.360
 starting with the latest

00:38:47.360 --> 00:38:47.920
 and then getting

00:38:47.920 --> 00:38:49.039
 to the earliest

00:38:49.039 --> 00:38:50.279
 so we'll start with

00:38:50.279 --> 00:38:51.360
 a document called

00:38:51.360 --> 00:38:52.480
 the Toldoth Yeshu

00:38:52.480 --> 00:38:53.559
 scholars agree

00:38:53.559 --> 00:38:54.279
 this was probably

00:38:54.279 --> 00:38:55.440
 compiled

00:38:55.440 --> 00:38:56.019
 around

00:38:56.019 --> 00:38:57.679
 600 A.D.

00:38:57.679 --> 00:38:58.900
 it's a

00:38:58.900 --> 00:38:59.920
 Jewish account

00:38:59.920 --> 00:39:00.739
 of Jesus

00:39:00.739 --> 00:39:01.719
 however

00:39:01.719 --> 00:39:03.139
 we can track

00:39:03.139 --> 00:39:04.159
 the information

00:39:04.159 --> 00:39:05.579
 in the Toldoth Yeshu

00:39:05.579 --> 00:39:07.319
 and that information

00:39:07.319 --> 00:39:08.219
 matches up

00:39:08.219 --> 00:39:09.420
 with early

00:39:09.420 --> 00:39:10.380
 2nd century

00:39:10.380 --> 00:39:11.819
 claims about Jesus

00:39:11.819 --> 00:39:12.519
 made by other

00:39:12.519 --> 00:39:13.099
 Jewish sources

00:39:13.099 --> 00:39:13.719
 so in other words

00:39:13.719 --> 00:39:14.699
 this document

00:39:14.699 --> 00:39:15.400
 seems to have been

00:39:15.400 --> 00:39:15.900
 compiled

00:39:15.900 --> 00:39:17.079
 around 600 A.D.

00:39:17.079 --> 00:39:18.860
 but it's compiled

00:39:18.860 --> 00:39:20.079
 from earlier traditions

00:39:20.079 --> 00:39:21.079
 and those traditions

00:39:21.079 --> 00:39:22.559
 go way way earlier

00:39:22.559 --> 00:39:23.400
 if that makes sense

00:39:23.400 --> 00:39:25.980
 well the Toldoth Yeshu

00:39:25.980 --> 00:39:27.179
 it's very interesting

00:39:27.179 --> 00:39:28.159
 it's a highly

00:39:28.159 --> 00:39:29.179
 negative

00:39:29.179 --> 00:39:29.860
 account

00:39:29.860 --> 00:39:30.519
 of Jesus

00:39:30.519 --> 00:39:31.619
 trying to portray him

00:39:31.619 --> 00:39:31.900
 as a

00:39:31.900 --> 00:39:32.819
 terrible

00:39:32.819 --> 00:39:34.019
 terrible person

00:39:34.019 --> 00:39:36.300
 but it explicitly

00:39:36.300 --> 00:39:37.400
 admits

00:39:37.400 --> 00:39:38.460
 that Jesus

00:39:38.460 --> 00:39:39.380
 had the power

00:39:39.380 --> 00:39:40.820
 to raise the dead

00:39:40.820 --> 00:39:41.659
 and that his

00:39:41.659 --> 00:39:42.239
 disciple

00:39:42.239 --> 00:39:42.920
 Peter

00:39:42.920 --> 00:39:44.099
 was able to

00:39:44.099 --> 00:39:44.480
 heal

00:39:44.480 --> 00:39:46.259
 in the name

00:39:46.259 --> 00:39:46.800
 of Jesus

00:39:46.800 --> 00:39:48.239
 or this source

00:39:48.239 --> 00:39:49.259
 the Jewish Talmud

00:39:49.259 --> 00:39:50.360
 this is earlier

00:39:50.360 --> 00:39:51.860
 200 to 400 A.D.

00:39:51.940 --> 00:39:52.440
 again it has

00:39:52.440 --> 00:39:53.139
 traditions that are

00:39:53.139 --> 00:39:54.179
 probably even earlier

00:39:54.179 --> 00:39:55.599
 the Jewish Talmud

00:39:55.599 --> 00:39:56.739
 speaks about Jesus

00:39:56.739 --> 00:39:57.960
 and it mentions

00:39:57.960 --> 00:39:59.239
 that he had the power

00:39:59.239 --> 00:40:00.780
 to heal people

00:40:00.780 --> 00:40:02.480
 porphyry

00:40:02.480 --> 00:40:03.219
 now we're moving

00:40:03.219 --> 00:40:04.439
 from Jewish

00:40:04.439 --> 00:40:06.119
 into pagan territory

00:40:06.119 --> 00:40:07.139
 porphyry

00:40:07.139 --> 00:40:08.500
 wrote around the year

00:40:08.500 --> 00:40:09.379
 300 A.D.

00:40:09.379 --> 00:40:10.439
 we can date him

00:40:10.439 --> 00:40:11.219
 pretty precisely

00:40:11.219 --> 00:40:12.539
 and he was a

00:40:12.539 --> 00:40:13.279
 virulent

00:40:13.279 --> 00:40:14.799
 anti-Christian writer

00:40:14.799 --> 00:40:15.719
 he also

00:40:15.719 --> 00:40:16.519
 was perhaps

00:40:16.519 --> 00:40:17.319
 the most famous

00:40:17.319 --> 00:40:17.819
 philosopher

00:40:17.819 --> 00:40:18.799
 in the Roman Empire

00:40:18.799 --> 00:40:20.039
 at that time

00:40:20.039 --> 00:40:20.859
 and he wrote

00:40:20.859 --> 00:40:22.119
 an entire work

00:40:22.119 --> 00:40:23.119
 against Christians

00:40:23.119 --> 00:40:24.099
 he called

00:40:24.099 --> 00:40:24.739
 for Christians

00:40:24.739 --> 00:40:25.699
 to be persecuted

00:40:25.699 --> 00:40:27.259
 but in his writings

00:40:27.259 --> 00:40:28.500
 he also admitted

00:40:28.500 --> 00:40:29.659
 that Jesus

00:40:29.659 --> 00:40:31.339
 worked wonders

00:40:31.340 --> 00:40:32.920
 just like

00:40:32.920 --> 00:40:33.720
 the Bible

00:40:33.720 --> 00:40:34.280
 says

00:40:34.280 --> 00:40:35.700
 around the same

00:40:35.700 --> 00:40:36.220
 time

00:40:36.220 --> 00:40:37.420
 Heracles

00:40:37.420 --> 00:40:38.539
 was writing

00:40:38.539 --> 00:40:39.059
 as well

00:40:39.059 --> 00:40:39.980
 he was not

00:40:39.980 --> 00:40:40.500
 a philosopher

00:40:40.500 --> 00:40:41.460
 he was a

00:40:41.460 --> 00:40:42.660
 Roman governor

00:40:42.660 --> 00:40:43.519
 he was a very

00:40:43.519 --> 00:40:44.320
 powerful man

00:40:44.320 --> 00:40:45.340
 he called for

00:40:45.340 --> 00:40:46.019
 Christians to be

00:40:46.019 --> 00:40:46.480
 persecuted

00:40:46.480 --> 00:40:47.660
 and as a Roman

00:40:47.660 --> 00:40:48.059
 governor

00:40:48.059 --> 00:40:49.039
 he actually

00:40:49.039 --> 00:40:49.559
 had them

00:40:49.559 --> 00:40:50.059
 arrested

00:40:50.059 --> 00:40:51.280
 and executed

00:40:51.280 --> 00:40:52.380
 and he

00:40:52.380 --> 00:40:53.079
 like Porphyry

00:40:53.079 --> 00:40:53.940
 also wrote a book

00:40:53.940 --> 00:40:54.740
 against the Christians

00:40:54.740 --> 00:40:55.760
 and in this

00:40:55.760 --> 00:40:56.420
 just like with

00:40:56.420 --> 00:40:56.880
 Porphyry

00:40:56.880 --> 00:40:57.840
 he too

00:40:57.840 --> 00:40:58.720
 acknowledges

00:40:58.720 --> 00:40:59.260
 that Jesus

00:40:59.260 --> 00:41:00.180
 seems to have

00:41:00.180 --> 00:41:00.619
 worked

00:41:00.619 --> 00:41:01.700
 miracles

00:41:01.700 --> 00:41:03.079
 and let's

00:41:03.079 --> 00:41:03.599
 keep going

00:41:03.599 --> 00:41:04.660
 the Tosephtha

00:41:04.660 --> 00:41:05.300
 this is an

00:41:05.300 --> 00:41:06.059
 early Jewish

00:41:06.059 --> 00:41:06.740
 manual of

00:41:06.740 --> 00:41:07.200
 traditions

00:41:07.200 --> 00:41:08.320
 it talks

00:41:08.320 --> 00:41:09.140
 of a certain

00:41:09.140 --> 00:41:09.820
 James

00:41:09.820 --> 00:41:10.579
 whom it

00:41:10.579 --> 00:41:10.960
 calls

00:41:10.960 --> 00:41:11.740
 a disciple

00:41:11.740 --> 00:41:12.460
 of Jesus

00:41:12.460 --> 00:41:13.820
 who claimed

00:41:13.820 --> 00:41:14.340
 that he could

00:41:14.340 --> 00:41:14.760
 heal

00:41:14.760 --> 00:41:15.320
 in the name

00:41:15.320 --> 00:41:15.780
 of Jesus

00:41:15.780 --> 00:41:16.160
 and it

00:41:16.160 --> 00:41:16.780
 relates a

00:41:16.780 --> 00:41:17.200
 story

00:41:17.200 --> 00:41:18.000
 about how

00:41:18.000 --> 00:41:18.760
 a rabbi

00:41:18.760 --> 00:41:19.599
 desperately

00:41:19.599 --> 00:41:20.220
 tried to

00:41:20.220 --> 00:41:20.599
 get to

00:41:20.599 --> 00:41:21.000
 James

00:41:21.000 --> 00:41:21.500
 in order

00:41:21.500 --> 00:41:21.900
 to be

00:41:21.900 --> 00:41:22.200
 healed

00:41:22.200 --> 00:41:22.519
 because

00:41:22.519 --> 00:41:22.920
 he was

00:41:22.920 --> 00:41:23.440
 convinced

00:41:23.440 --> 00:41:24.340
 that James

00:41:24.340 --> 00:41:25.019
 truly had

00:41:25.019 --> 00:41:25.599
 this power

00:41:25.599 --> 00:41:26.719
 or the

00:41:26.719 --> 00:41:27.159
 oracle

00:41:27.159 --> 00:41:27.900
 of Hecate

00:41:27.900 --> 00:41:28.440
 Hecate

00:41:28.440 --> 00:41:28.860
 was a

00:41:28.860 --> 00:41:29.360
 goddess

00:41:29.360 --> 00:41:30.059
 a

00:41:30.059 --> 00:41:30.839
 Greco-Roman

00:41:30.839 --> 00:41:31.239
 goddess

00:41:31.239 --> 00:41:31.960
 and these

00:41:31.960 --> 00:41:32.839
 oracles

00:41:32.839 --> 00:41:33.239
 would

00:41:33.239 --> 00:41:34.539
 give out

00:41:34.539 --> 00:41:35.119
 statements

00:41:35.119 --> 00:41:35.559
 people would

00:41:35.559 --> 00:41:35.860
 come to

00:41:35.860 --> 00:41:36.039
 them

00:41:36.039 --> 00:41:36.319
 and make

00:41:36.319 --> 00:41:36.799
 an offering

00:41:36.799 --> 00:41:37.159
 and the

00:41:37.159 --> 00:41:37.519
 oracle

00:41:37.519 --> 00:41:37.900
 would give

00:41:37.900 --> 00:41:38.059
 out

00:41:38.059 --> 00:41:38.519
 advice

00:41:38.519 --> 00:41:39.739
 and the

00:41:39.739 --> 00:41:40.199
 oracle

00:41:40.199 --> 00:41:40.719
 Hecate

00:41:40.719 --> 00:41:41.539
 confessed

00:41:41.539 --> 00:41:42.460
 that Jesus

00:41:42.460 --> 00:41:43.480
 was immortal

00:41:43.480 --> 00:41:43.980
 it's one of

00:41:43.980 --> 00:41:44.639
 those oracles

00:41:44.639 --> 00:41:45.139
 that have been

00:41:45.139 --> 00:41:46.159
 preserved for

00:41:46.159 --> 00:41:46.519
 us

00:41:46.519 --> 00:41:47.819
 Celsus

00:41:47.819 --> 00:41:48.860
 writing around

00:41:48.860 --> 00:41:49.099
 the year

00:41:49.099 --> 00:41:49.599
 175

00:41:49.599 --> 00:41:50.420
 here's another

00:41:50.420 --> 00:41:51.099
 anti-Christian

00:41:51.099 --> 00:41:51.460
 writer

00:41:51.460 --> 00:41:51.900
 he wrote

00:41:51.900 --> 00:41:52.420
 an entire

00:41:52.420 --> 00:41:54.019
 book

00:41:54.019 --> 00:41:54.799
 against the

00:41:54.799 --> 00:41:55.259
 Christians

00:41:55.260 --> 00:41:56.440
 and in it

00:41:56.440 --> 00:41:58.440
 he acknowledges

00:41:58.440 --> 00:41:59.300
 that Jesus

00:41:59.300 --> 00:42:00.360
 worked wonders

00:42:00.360 --> 00:42:01.180
 and that early

00:42:01.180 --> 00:42:01.980
 Christians had

00:42:01.980 --> 00:42:02.620
 authority

00:42:02.620 --> 00:42:04.560
 over demons

00:42:04.560 --> 00:42:05.880
 if we go to

00:42:05.880 --> 00:42:06.100
 the year

00:42:06.100 --> 00:42:06.940
 137

00:42:06.940 --> 00:42:07.540
 to 140

00:42:07.540 --> 00:42:08.300
 Phlegon

00:42:08.300 --> 00:42:08.740
 Phlegon

00:42:08.740 --> 00:42:08.980
 is a

00:42:08.980 --> 00:42:09.480
 Greco-Roman

00:42:09.480 --> 00:42:09.800
 writer

00:42:09.800 --> 00:42:10.400
 he's a

00:42:10.400 --> 00:42:11.140
 chronographer

00:42:11.140 --> 00:42:11.800
 he's also

00:42:11.800 --> 00:42:12.720
 the fancy term

00:42:12.720 --> 00:42:13.120
 is also

00:42:13.120 --> 00:42:14.140
 a paradoxographer

00:42:14.140 --> 00:42:14.700
 he liked

00:42:14.700 --> 00:42:15.640
 cataloging

00:42:15.640 --> 00:42:16.340
 unusual

00:42:16.340 --> 00:42:16.940
 mysterious

00:42:16.940 --> 00:42:17.880
 or supernatural

00:42:17.880 --> 00:42:18.580
 happenings

00:42:18.580 --> 00:42:19.640
 and he's

00:42:19.640 --> 00:42:20.100
 writing in

00:42:20.100 --> 00:42:20.800
 137

00:42:20.800 --> 00:42:21.380
 or 140

00:42:21.380 --> 00:42:22.420
 but he

00:42:22.420 --> 00:42:23.580
 talks about

00:42:23.580 --> 00:42:25.180
 a strange

00:42:25.179 --> 00:42:26.419
 an unusual

00:42:26.419 --> 00:42:27.239
 darkness

00:42:27.239 --> 00:42:27.960
 as well as

00:42:27.960 --> 00:42:28.519
 an earthquake

00:42:28.519 --> 00:42:29.500
 that occurred

00:42:29.500 --> 00:42:30.619
 in 33

00:42:30.619 --> 00:42:31.399
 AD

00:42:31.399 --> 00:42:33.079
 just like

00:42:33.079 --> 00:42:34.019
 the gospels

00:42:34.019 --> 00:42:34.859
 say happened

00:42:34.859 --> 00:42:35.219
 at the

00:42:35.219 --> 00:42:36.139
 crucifixion of

00:42:36.139 --> 00:42:36.539
 Jesus

00:42:36.539 --> 00:42:37.919
 Phlegon also

00:42:37.919 --> 00:42:39.079
 says elsewhere

00:42:39.079 --> 00:42:40.139
 he mentions

00:42:40.139 --> 00:42:40.579
 Jesus

00:42:40.579 --> 00:42:41.699
 and he says

00:42:41.699 --> 00:42:42.219
 that Jesus

00:42:42.219 --> 00:42:43.460
 correctly predicted

00:42:43.460 --> 00:42:44.059
 the future

00:42:44.059 --> 00:42:44.799
 again

00:42:44.799 --> 00:42:45.940
 just like

00:42:45.940 --> 00:42:47.000
 the gospels

00:42:47.000 --> 00:42:47.679
 say

00:42:47.679 --> 00:42:49.719
 moving earlier

00:42:49.719 --> 00:42:50.279
 around the year

00:42:50.279 --> 00:42:50.879
 95

00:42:50.879 --> 00:42:52.219
 Josephus

00:42:52.219 --> 00:42:52.599
 he's a

00:42:52.599 --> 00:42:53.279
 Jewish historian

00:42:53.280 --> 00:42:53.700
 I've mentioned

00:42:53.700 --> 00:42:54.100
 his name

00:42:54.100 --> 00:42:54.620
 several times

00:42:54.620 --> 00:42:55.180
 he's got

00:42:55.180 --> 00:42:55.660
 a paragraph

00:42:55.660 --> 00:42:56.420
 about Jesus

00:42:56.420 --> 00:42:57.300
 and in it

00:42:57.300 --> 00:42:57.860
 he says

00:42:57.860 --> 00:42:58.660
 that Jesus

00:42:58.660 --> 00:42:59.620
 worked

00:42:59.620 --> 00:43:00.519
 miracles

00:43:00.519 --> 00:43:01.800
 and we

00:43:01.800 --> 00:43:02.340
 could perhaps

00:43:02.340 --> 00:43:02.940
 go even

00:43:02.940 --> 00:43:03.320
 a little

00:43:03.320 --> 00:43:03.780
 earlier

00:43:03.780 --> 00:43:04.360
 with a guy

00:43:04.360 --> 00:43:04.600
 named

00:43:04.600 --> 00:43:05.560
 Thalos

00:43:05.560 --> 00:43:06.080
 he wrote

00:43:06.080 --> 00:43:06.940
 between 50

00:43:06.940 --> 00:43:07.340
 and 100

00:43:07.340 --> 00:43:07.600
 AD

00:43:07.600 --> 00:43:08.060
 we're a little

00:43:08.060 --> 00:43:08.580
 unsure

00:43:08.580 --> 00:43:08.940
 of his

00:43:08.940 --> 00:43:09.380
 dates

00:43:09.380 --> 00:43:11.380
 and he

00:43:11.380 --> 00:43:12.620
 also reports

00:43:12.620 --> 00:43:13.620
 an unusual

00:43:13.620 --> 00:43:14.560
 darkness

00:43:14.560 --> 00:43:15.880
 and we

00:43:15.880 --> 00:43:16.240
 don't know

00:43:16.240 --> 00:43:16.960
 the context

00:43:16.960 --> 00:43:17.420
 of this

00:43:17.420 --> 00:43:17.720
 one

00:43:17.720 --> 00:43:18.400
 so this

00:43:18.400 --> 00:43:19.019
 one's a

00:43:19.019 --> 00:43:19.800
 little tentative

00:43:19.800 --> 00:43:20.660
 but he

00:43:20.660 --> 00:43:21.340
 seems to

00:43:21.340 --> 00:43:21.860
 have placed

00:43:21.860 --> 00:43:22.120
 this

00:43:22.120 --> 00:43:22.380
 around

00:43:22.380 --> 00:43:22.820
 the time

00:43:22.820 --> 00:43:23.580
 or around

00:43:23.580 --> 00:43:24.100
 the year

00:43:24.100 --> 00:43:24.580
 of Jesus'

00:43:24.820 --> 00:43:25.620
 crucifixion

00:43:25.620 --> 00:43:26.680
 as well

00:43:26.680 --> 00:43:28.940
 but we

00:43:28.940 --> 00:43:29.340
 still have

00:43:29.340 --> 00:43:29.720
 to talk

00:43:29.720 --> 00:43:29.980
 about

00:43:29.980 --> 00:43:30.460
 one of

00:43:30.460 --> 00:43:31.180
 the earliest

00:43:31.180 --> 00:43:31.920
 critics

00:43:31.920 --> 00:43:32.820
 of Christianity

00:43:32.820 --> 00:43:33.560
 and one

00:43:33.560 --> 00:43:33.780
 of the

00:43:33.780 --> 00:43:34.220
 greatest

00:43:34.220 --> 00:43:35.080
 someone

00:43:35.080 --> 00:43:35.820
 who murdered

00:43:35.820 --> 00:43:36.480
 Christians

00:43:36.480 --> 00:43:37.400
 and then

00:43:37.400 --> 00:43:37.840
 who became

00:43:37.840 --> 00:43:38.280
 a Christian

00:43:38.280 --> 00:43:38.880
 himself

00:43:38.880 --> 00:43:40.440
 and I'm

00:43:40.440 --> 00:43:40.740
 speaking

00:43:40.740 --> 00:43:41.440
 of someone

00:43:41.440 --> 00:43:41.840
 you all

00:43:41.840 --> 00:43:42.120
 know

00:43:42.120 --> 00:43:42.560
 of Saul

00:43:42.560 --> 00:43:43.280
 of Tarsus

00:43:43.280 --> 00:43:45.019
 he says

00:43:45.019 --> 00:43:46.220
 in his own

00:43:46.220 --> 00:43:46.740
 words that he

00:43:46.740 --> 00:43:47.200
 was trying

00:43:47.200 --> 00:43:47.840
 to destroy

00:43:47.840 --> 00:43:48.400
 the followers

00:43:48.400 --> 00:43:49.080
 of Jesus

00:43:49.079 --> 00:43:50.299
 but then

00:43:50.299 --> 00:43:50.559
 Jesus

00:43:50.559 --> 00:43:51.000
 appeared

00:43:51.000 --> 00:43:51.420
 to him

00:43:51.420 --> 00:43:52.559
 and demonstrated

00:43:52.559 --> 00:43:53.259
 his miraculous

00:43:53.259 --> 00:43:53.819
 power

00:43:53.819 --> 00:43:54.579
 and after

00:43:54.579 --> 00:43:55.039
 this Saul

00:43:55.039 --> 00:43:55.639
 of Tarsus

00:43:55.639 --> 00:43:56.279
 changed his

00:43:56.279 --> 00:43:56.719
 name to

00:43:56.719 --> 00:43:57.059
 Paul

00:43:57.059 --> 00:43:58.000
 and he

00:43:58.000 --> 00:43:58.340
 went on

00:43:58.340 --> 00:43:58.639
 to write

00:43:58.639 --> 00:43:59.079
 many of

00:43:59.079 --> 00:43:59.420
 the letters

00:43:59.420 --> 00:43:59.699
 of the

00:43:59.699 --> 00:44:00.199
 New Testament

00:44:00.199 --> 00:44:01.400
 and there

00:44:01.400 --> 00:44:02.099
 Paul talks

00:44:02.099 --> 00:44:02.460
 about how

00:44:02.460 --> 00:44:02.840
 he was a

00:44:02.840 --> 00:44:03.500
 persecutor

00:44:03.500 --> 00:44:04.759
 of Christians

00:44:04.759 --> 00:44:05.699
 and how

00:44:05.699 --> 00:44:06.159
 he was a

00:44:06.159 --> 00:44:06.980
 violent man

00:44:06.980 --> 00:44:07.920
 and how

00:44:07.920 --> 00:44:08.380
 he was a

00:44:08.380 --> 00:44:08.920
 witness of

00:44:08.920 --> 00:44:09.519
 the resurrected

00:44:09.519 --> 00:44:10.039
 Jesus

00:44:10.039 --> 00:44:11.219
 and after

00:44:11.219 --> 00:44:11.860
 many years

00:44:11.860 --> 00:44:12.500
 of ministry

00:44:12.500 --> 00:44:13.219
 and suffering

00:44:13.219 --> 00:44:13.739
 for the name

00:44:13.739 --> 00:44:14.239
 of Jesus

00:44:14.239 --> 00:44:15.460
 Paul was

00:44:15.460 --> 00:44:16.099
 executed

00:44:16.099 --> 00:44:17.019
 for his

00:44:17.019 --> 00:44:17.519
 faith in

00:44:17.519 --> 00:44:17.840
 Jesus

00:44:17.840 --> 00:44:18.980
 and we

00:44:18.980 --> 00:44:19.360
 can say

00:44:19.360 --> 00:44:19.860
 similar

00:44:19.860 --> 00:44:20.420
 things

00:44:20.420 --> 00:44:21.059
 about

00:44:21.059 --> 00:44:21.800
 others

00:44:21.800 --> 00:44:22.620
 who did

00:44:22.620 --> 00:44:23.180
 not

00:44:23.180 --> 00:44:23.820
 believe

00:44:23.820 --> 00:44:24.120
 in

00:44:24.120 --> 00:44:24.440
 Jesus

00:44:24.440 --> 00:44:25.300
 but then

00:44:25.300 --> 00:44:25.740
 changed

00:44:25.740 --> 00:44:25.980
 their

00:44:25.980 --> 00:44:26.380
 mind

00:44:26.380 --> 00:44:27.140
 after

00:44:27.140 --> 00:44:27.680
 Jesus

00:44:27.680 --> 00:44:28.620
 appeared

00:44:28.620 --> 00:44:29.200
 to them

00:44:29.200 --> 00:44:29.840
 people

00:44:29.840 --> 00:44:30.579
 like James

00:44:30.579 --> 00:44:31.180
 and Jude

00:44:31.180 --> 00:44:31.800
 whom the

00:44:31.800 --> 00:44:32.120
 Bible

00:44:32.120 --> 00:44:33.059
 testifies

00:44:33.059 --> 00:44:33.640
 did not

00:44:33.640 --> 00:44:33.920
 believe

00:44:33.920 --> 00:44:34.400
 in Jesus

00:44:34.400 --> 00:44:35.160
 when he

00:44:35.160 --> 00:44:35.340
 was

00:44:35.340 --> 00:44:35.960
 ministering

00:44:35.960 --> 00:44:36.519
 but who

00:44:36.519 --> 00:44:36.740
 were

00:44:36.740 --> 00:44:37.420
 persuaded

00:44:37.420 --> 00:44:38.720
 after

00:44:38.720 --> 00:44:39.660
 Jesus

00:44:39.660 --> 00:44:40.019
 was

00:44:40.019 --> 00:44:40.519
 resurrected

00:44:40.519 --> 00:44:41.360
 and he

00:44:41.360 --> 00:44:41.780
 appeared

00:44:41.780 --> 00:44:42.420
 to them

00:44:42.420 --> 00:44:43.579
 and these

00:44:43.579 --> 00:44:43.960
 two men

00:44:43.960 --> 00:44:44.559
 also went

00:44:44.559 --> 00:44:44.920
 on to

00:44:44.920 --> 00:44:45.119
 write

00:44:45.119 --> 00:44:45.800
 letters

00:44:45.800 --> 00:44:46.079
 in the

00:44:46.079 --> 00:44:46.220
 New

00:44:46.220 --> 00:44:46.579
 Testament

00:44:46.579 --> 00:44:47.880
 this

00:44:47.880 --> 00:44:48.139
 is

00:44:48.139 --> 00:44:48.900
 extraordinary

00:44:48.900 --> 00:44:49.980
 remember

00:44:49.980 --> 00:44:50.280
 that

00:44:50.280 --> 00:44:50.720
 ancient

00:44:50.720 --> 00:44:51.240
 authors

00:44:51.240 --> 00:44:51.720
 were

00:44:51.720 --> 00:44:52.320
 more

00:44:52.320 --> 00:44:52.579
 than

00:44:52.579 --> 00:44:53.039
 capable

00:44:53.039 --> 00:44:53.680
 of

00:44:53.680 --> 00:44:54.099
 denying

00:44:54.099 --> 00:44:54.639
 miracles

00:44:54.639 --> 00:44:55.200
 we see

00:44:55.200 --> 00:44:55.400
 this

00:44:55.400 --> 00:44:55.940
 for instance

00:44:55.940 --> 00:44:56.200
 with

00:44:56.200 --> 00:44:56.700
 Cicero

00:44:56.700 --> 00:44:57.059
 with the

00:44:57.059 --> 00:44:57.860
 Epicureans

00:44:57.860 --> 00:44:58.500
 with the

00:44:58.500 --> 00:44:59.000
 Atomists

00:44:59.000 --> 00:44:59.500
 the followers

00:44:59.500 --> 00:45:00.380
 of Democritus

00:45:00.380 --> 00:45:00.940
 with the

00:45:00.940 --> 00:45:01.200
 Jewish

00:45:01.200 --> 00:45:01.900
 Sadducees

00:45:01.900 --> 00:45:02.980
 all of whom

00:45:02.980 --> 00:45:03.760
 denied many

00:45:03.760 --> 00:45:04.200
 or even

00:45:04.200 --> 00:45:04.639
 all

00:45:04.639 --> 00:45:05.260
 supernatural

00:45:05.260 --> 00:45:05.860
 things

00:45:05.860 --> 00:45:06.940
 but Jesus

00:45:06.940 --> 00:45:07.220
 his

00:45:07.220 --> 00:45:07.659
 miracles

00:45:07.659 --> 00:45:08.780
 seem to

00:45:08.780 --> 00:45:09.039
 have been

00:45:09.039 --> 00:45:09.599
 so beyond

00:45:09.599 --> 00:45:10.079
 question

00:45:10.079 --> 00:45:11.360
 that non-Christians

00:45:11.360 --> 00:45:12.179
 and even

00:45:12.179 --> 00:45:12.799
 hostile

00:45:12.799 --> 00:45:14.239
 anti-Christians

00:45:14.239 --> 00:45:15.219
 admitted

00:45:15.219 --> 00:45:15.759
 that they

00:45:15.759 --> 00:45:16.199
 occurred

00:45:16.199 --> 00:45:17.420
 and some

00:45:17.420 --> 00:45:17.900
 of them

00:45:17.900 --> 00:45:18.619
 even seem

00:45:18.619 --> 00:45:18.920
 to have

00:45:18.920 --> 00:45:19.299
 become

00:45:19.299 --> 00:45:19.840
 Christians

00:45:19.840 --> 00:45:20.460
 themselves

00:45:20.460 --> 00:45:21.799
 so can

00:45:21.799 --> 00:45:22.420
 we trust

00:45:22.420 --> 00:45:23.139
 that the

00:45:23.139 --> 00:45:23.619
 New Testament

00:45:23.619 --> 00:45:24.360
 is true

00:45:24.360 --> 00:45:25.099
 and accurate

00:45:25.099 --> 00:45:25.880
 yes we

00:45:25.880 --> 00:45:26.219
 can

00:45:26.219 --> 00:45:26.920
 the New

00:45:26.920 --> 00:45:27.259
 Testament

00:45:27.259 --> 00:45:27.920
 is based

00:45:27.920 --> 00:45:28.319
 off of

00:45:28.319 --> 00:45:28.739
 eyewitness

00:45:28.739 --> 00:45:29.259
 testimony

00:45:29.259 --> 00:45:30.099
 and we

00:45:30.099 --> 00:45:30.619
 can trust

00:45:30.619 --> 00:45:30.860
 these

00:45:30.860 --> 00:45:31.559
 eyewitnesses

00:45:31.559 --> 00:45:32.000
 because they

00:45:32.000 --> 00:45:32.480
 don't seem

00:45:32.480 --> 00:45:32.779
 to have

00:45:32.779 --> 00:45:33.639
 a worldly

00:45:33.639 --> 00:45:34.079
 motive

00:45:34.079 --> 00:45:34.719
 to lie

00:45:34.719 --> 00:45:35.119
 they had

00:45:35.119 --> 00:45:35.340
 nothing

00:45:35.340 --> 00:45:35.880
 to gain

00:45:35.880 --> 00:45:36.239
 in fact

00:45:36.239 --> 00:45:37.159
 they risked

00:45:37.159 --> 00:45:37.759
 persecution

00:45:37.759 --> 00:45:38.719
 for their

00:45:38.719 --> 00:45:39.239
 claims

00:45:39.239 --> 00:45:39.799
 and

00:45:39.800 --> 00:45:40.680
 furthermore

00:45:40.680 --> 00:45:41.200
 their

00:45:41.200 --> 00:45:41.560
 own

00:45:41.560 --> 00:45:42.180
 disciples

00:45:42.180 --> 00:45:42.880
 suffered

00:45:42.880 --> 00:45:43.580
 the

00:45:43.580 --> 00:45:44.060
 same

00:45:44.060 --> 00:45:44.660
 and on

00:45:44.660 --> 00:45:45.019
 top of

00:45:45.019 --> 00:45:45.200
 that

00:45:45.200 --> 00:45:45.560
 the

00:45:45.560 --> 00:45:45.840
 claims

00:45:45.840 --> 00:45:46.100
 of the

00:45:46.100 --> 00:45:46.660
 eyewitnesses

00:45:46.660 --> 00:45:46.960
 can be

00:45:46.960 --> 00:45:47.460
 historically

00:45:47.460 --> 00:45:47.980
 verified

00:45:47.980 --> 00:45:48.720
 and we

00:45:48.720 --> 00:45:49.240
 can even

00:45:49.240 --> 00:45:50.000
 verify

00:45:50.000 --> 00:45:50.600
 their

00:45:50.600 --> 00:45:51.220
 miraculous

00:45:51.220 --> 00:45:51.840
 claims

00:45:51.840 --> 00:45:52.780
 and even

00:45:52.780 --> 00:45:53.800
 non-Christian

00:45:53.800 --> 00:45:54.360
 sources

00:45:54.360 --> 00:45:55.080
 admit

00:45:55.080 --> 00:45:56.080
 to many

00:45:56.080 --> 00:45:56.460
 of these

00:45:56.460 --> 00:45:56.940
 facts

00:45:56.940 --> 00:45:58.920
 but

00:45:58.920 --> 00:46:00.140
 if

00:46:00.140 --> 00:46:01.019
 this is

00:46:01.019 --> 00:46:01.300
 not

00:46:01.300 --> 00:46:01.760
 enough

00:46:01.760 --> 00:46:02.340
 for you

00:46:02.340 --> 00:46:03.019
 then

00:46:03.019 --> 00:46:03.539
 you

00:46:03.539 --> 00:46:04.100
 yourself

00:46:04.100 --> 00:46:04.760
 contest

00:46:04.760 --> 00:46:05.200
 the

00:46:05.200 --> 00:46:05.800
 authenticity

00:46:05.800 --> 00:46:06.440
 of Jesus

00:46:06.440 --> 00:46:07.820
 miraculous

00:46:07.820 --> 00:46:08.440
 powers

00:46:08.440 --> 00:46:09.500
 all

00:46:09.500 --> 00:46:09.700
 you

00:46:09.700 --> 00:46:09.920
 have

00:46:09.920 --> 00:46:10.079
 to

00:46:10.079 --> 00:46:10.360
 do

00:46:10.360 --> 00:46:11.159
 is

00:46:11.159 --> 00:46:11.400
 look

00:46:11.400 --> 00:46:11.700
 around

00:46:11.700 --> 00:46:11.880
 the

00:46:11.880 --> 00:46:12.200
 world

00:46:12.200 --> 00:46:12.519
 right

00:46:12.519 --> 00:46:12.840
 now

00:46:12.840 --> 00:46:13.559
 and

00:46:13.559 --> 00:46:13.740
 this

00:46:13.740 --> 00:46:13.900
 is

00:46:13.900 --> 00:46:14.320
 because

00:46:14.320 --> 00:46:14.820
 the

00:46:14.820 --> 00:46:15.360
 prophecies

00:46:15.360 --> 00:46:15.800
 of Jesus

00:46:15.800 --> 00:46:16.220
 Christ

00:46:16.220 --> 00:46:16.659
 contained

00:46:16.659 --> 00:46:16.920
 in the

00:46:16.920 --> 00:46:17.059
 New

00:46:17.059 --> 00:46:17.440
 Testament

00:46:17.440 --> 00:46:18.059
 are

00:46:18.059 --> 00:46:18.360
 being

00:46:18.360 --> 00:46:19.099
 remarkably

00:46:19.099 --> 00:46:19.960
 and

00:46:19.960 --> 00:46:20.659
 miraculously

00:46:20.659 --> 00:46:21.179
 fulfilled

00:46:21.179 --> 00:46:21.420
 among

00:46:21.420 --> 00:46:21.800
 us

00:46:21.800 --> 00:46:23.000
 for example

00:46:23.000 --> 00:46:23.840
 Jesus

00:46:23.840 --> 00:46:24.420
 predicted

00:46:24.420 --> 00:46:25.260
 in Matthew

00:46:25.260 --> 00:46:25.840
 24

00:46:25.840 --> 00:46:26.340
 14

00:46:26.340 --> 00:46:27.579
 he says

00:46:27.579 --> 00:46:27.840
 this

00:46:27.840 --> 00:46:28.300
 gospel

00:46:28.300 --> 00:46:28.619
 of the

00:46:28.619 --> 00:46:28.880
 kingdom

00:46:28.880 --> 00:46:29.579
 will be

00:46:29.579 --> 00:46:30.059
 preached

00:46:30.059 --> 00:46:30.639
 in the

00:46:30.639 --> 00:46:30.820
 whole

00:46:30.820 --> 00:46:31.240
 world

00:46:31.240 --> 00:46:31.980
 as a

00:46:31.980 --> 00:46:32.400
 testimony

00:46:32.400 --> 00:46:32.800
 to

00:46:32.800 --> 00:46:33.300
 all

00:46:33.300 --> 00:46:33.900
 nations

00:46:33.900 --> 00:46:35.760
 and

00:46:35.760 --> 00:46:36.139
 if

00:46:36.139 --> 00:46:36.280
 we

00:46:36.280 --> 00:46:36.619
 examine

00:46:36.619 --> 00:46:36.840
 our

00:46:36.840 --> 00:46:37.059
 world

00:46:37.059 --> 00:46:37.360
 today

00:46:37.360 --> 00:46:37.539
 we

00:46:37.539 --> 00:46:37.760
 see

00:46:37.760 --> 00:46:37.940
 that

00:46:37.940 --> 00:46:38.119
 there

00:46:38.119 --> 00:46:38.320
 is

00:46:38.320 --> 00:46:38.500
 no

00:46:38.500 --> 00:46:38.740
 other

00:46:38.740 --> 00:46:39.119
 message

00:46:39.119 --> 00:46:39.360
 on

00:46:39.360 --> 00:46:39.619
 earth

00:46:39.619 --> 00:46:39.780
 that

00:46:39.780 --> 00:46:39.920
 has

00:46:39.920 --> 00:46:40.280
 reached

00:46:40.280 --> 00:46:40.559
 so

00:46:40.559 --> 00:46:40.780
 many

00:46:40.780 --> 00:46:41.200
 people

00:46:41.200 --> 00:46:42.039
 there

00:46:42.039 --> 00:46:42.180
 is

00:46:42.180 --> 00:46:42.320
 no

00:46:42.320 --> 00:46:42.660
 message

00:46:42.660 --> 00:46:42.860
 that

00:46:42.860 --> 00:46:42.980
 has

00:46:42.980 --> 00:46:43.160
 gone

00:46:43.160 --> 00:46:43.300
 to

00:46:43.300 --> 00:46:43.480
 so

00:46:43.480 --> 00:46:43.700
 many

00:46:43.700 --> 00:46:44.119
 nations

00:46:44.119 --> 00:46:44.340
 and

00:46:44.340 --> 00:46:44.519
 so

00:46:44.519 --> 00:46:44.700
 many

00:46:44.700 --> 00:46:45.180
 countries

00:46:45.180 --> 00:46:46.000
 there

00:46:46.000 --> 00:46:46.119
 is

00:46:46.119 --> 00:46:46.260
 no

00:46:46.260 --> 00:46:46.680
 message

00:46:46.680 --> 00:46:47.599
 except

00:46:47.599 --> 00:46:47.820
 the

00:46:47.820 --> 00:46:48.099
 message

00:46:48.099 --> 00:46:48.300
 of

00:46:48.300 --> 00:46:48.639
 Jesus

00:46:48.639 --> 00:46:49.320
 that

00:46:49.320 --> 00:46:49.440
 has

00:46:49.440 --> 00:46:49.579
 been

00:46:49.579 --> 00:46:50.039
 translated

00:46:50.039 --> 00:46:50.360
 into

00:46:50.360 --> 00:46:50.619
 so

00:46:50.619 --> 00:46:50.860
 many

00:46:50.860 --> 00:46:51.300
 languages

00:46:51.300 --> 00:46:52.079
 and

00:46:52.079 --> 00:46:52.200
 has

00:46:52.200 --> 00:46:52.340
 been

00:46:52.340 --> 00:46:52.700
 adopted

00:46:52.700 --> 00:46:52.920
 by

00:46:52.920 --> 00:46:53.160
 so

00:46:53.160 --> 00:46:53.360
 many

00:46:53.360 --> 00:46:53.820
 cultures

00:46:53.820 --> 00:46:54.619
 and

00:46:54.619 --> 00:46:54.780
 has

00:46:54.780 --> 00:46:55.099
 changed

00:46:55.099 --> 00:46:55.340
 so

00:46:55.340 --> 00:46:55.519
 many

00:46:55.519 --> 00:46:55.980
 lives

00:46:55.980 --> 00:46:57.019
 Jesus

00:46:57.019 --> 00:46:57.320
 is

00:46:57.320 --> 00:46:57.760
 prophecy

00:46:57.760 --> 00:46:58.260
 is

00:46:58.260 --> 00:46:58.599
 being

00:47:03.900 --> 00:47:04.500
 to

00:47:04.500 --> 00:47:04.840
 this

00:47:04.840 --> 00:47:06.460
 and

00:47:06.460 --> 00:47:06.700
 keep

00:47:06.700 --> 00:47:06.860
 in

00:47:06.860 --> 00:47:07.320
 mind

00:47:07.320 --> 00:47:08.119
 that

00:47:08.119 --> 00:47:08.300
 when

00:47:08.300 --> 00:47:08.579
 Jesus

00:47:08.579 --> 00:47:08.920
 said

00:47:08.920 --> 00:47:09.200
 this

00:47:09.200 --> 00:47:09.360
 he

00:47:09.360 --> 00:47:09.559
 was

00:47:09.559 --> 00:47:09.800
 not

00:47:09.800 --> 00:47:10.280
 famous

00:47:10.280 --> 00:47:10.539
 or

00:47:10.539 --> 00:47:11.059
 powerful

00:47:11.059 --> 00:47:11.380
 or

00:47:11.380 --> 00:47:11.900
 popular

00:47:11.900 --> 00:47:12.220
 or

00:47:12.220 --> 00:47:12.800
 influential

00:47:12.800 --> 00:47:13.619
 when

00:47:13.619 --> 00:47:13.780
 he

00:47:13.780 --> 00:47:14.139
 predicted

00:47:14.139 --> 00:47:14.480
 these

00:47:14.480 --> 00:47:14.860
 things

00:47:14.860 --> 00:47:15.760
 he

00:47:15.760 --> 00:47:15.940
 was

00:47:15.940 --> 00:47:16.099
 a

00:47:16.099 --> 00:47:16.300
 member

00:47:16.300 --> 00:47:16.500
 of

00:47:16.500 --> 00:47:16.599
 the

00:47:16.599 --> 00:47:17.360
 underclass

00:47:17.360 --> 00:47:18.000
 a

00:47:18.000 --> 00:47:18.480
 carpenter

00:47:18.480 --> 00:47:18.820
 from

00:47:18.820 --> 00:47:18.960
 a

00:47:18.960 --> 00:47:19.480
 backwater

00:47:19.480 --> 00:47:19.720
 in

00:47:19.720 --> 00:47:20.180
 Galilee

00:47:20.180 --> 00:47:20.820
 and

00:47:20.820 --> 00:47:20.980
 he

00:47:20.980 --> 00:47:21.440
 predicted

00:47:21.440 --> 00:47:21.680
 that

00:47:21.680 --> 00:47:21.860
 his

00:47:21.860 --> 00:47:22.280
 message

00:47:22.280 --> 00:47:22.500
 would

00:47:22.500 --> 00:47:22.720
 go

00:47:22.720 --> 00:47:22.920
 into

00:47:22.920 --> 00:47:23.160
 all

00:47:23.160 --> 00:47:23.280
 the

00:47:23.280 --> 00:47:23.660
 world

00:47:23.660 --> 00:47:24.720
 and

00:47:24.720 --> 00:47:24.940
 so

00:47:24.940 --> 00:47:25.240
 far

00:47:25.240 --> 00:47:25.400
 it

00:47:25.400 --> 00:47:25.519
 has

00:47:25.519 --> 00:47:25.720
 spread

00:47:25.720 --> 00:47:26.099
 farther

00:47:26.099 --> 00:47:26.400
 than

00:47:26.400 --> 00:47:26.619
 any

00:47:26.619 --> 00:47:26.920
 other

00:47:26.920 --> 00:47:27.599
 and

00:47:27.599 --> 00:47:27.920
 against

00:47:27.920 --> 00:47:28.220
 all

00:47:28.220 --> 00:47:28.539
 odds

00:47:28.539 --> 00:47:28.760
 his

00:47:28.760 --> 00:47:29.220
 prophecy

00:47:29.220 --> 00:47:29.500
 is

00:47:29.500 --> 00:47:29.740
 being

00:47:29.740 --> 00:47:30.320
 fulfilled

00:47:30.320 --> 00:47:31.660
 Jesus

00:47:31.659 --> 00:47:32.199
 predicted

00:47:32.199 --> 00:47:32.519
 many

00:47:32.519 --> 00:47:32.759
 other

00:47:32.759 --> 00:47:33.019
 things

00:47:33.019 --> 00:47:33.500
 correctly

00:47:33.500 --> 00:47:34.199
 he

00:47:34.199 --> 00:47:34.440
 said

00:47:34.440 --> 00:47:34.599
 that

00:47:34.599 --> 00:47:34.779
 many

00:47:34.779 --> 00:47:35.139
 false

00:47:35.139 --> 00:47:35.659
 prophets

00:47:35.659 --> 00:47:35.879
 and

00:47:35.879 --> 00:47:36.199
 false

00:47:36.199 --> 00:47:36.679
 Christs

00:47:36.679 --> 00:47:36.879
 would

00:47:36.879 --> 00:47:37.199
 come

00:47:37.199 --> 00:47:37.460
 in

00:47:37.460 --> 00:47:37.739
 his

00:47:37.739 --> 00:47:38.119
 name

00:47:38.119 --> 00:47:38.779
 and

00:47:38.779 --> 00:47:39.219
 if

00:47:39.219 --> 00:47:39.339
 you

00:47:39.339 --> 00:47:39.480
 look

00:47:39.480 --> 00:47:39.639
 through

00:47:39.639 --> 00:47:40.000
 history

00:47:40.000 --> 00:47:40.219
 I

00:47:40.219 --> 00:47:40.379
 don't

00:47:40.379 --> 00:47:40.599
 think

00:47:40.599 --> 00:47:40.799
 there's

00:47:40.799 --> 00:47:40.920
 a

00:47:40.920 --> 00:47:41.119
 single

00:47:41.119 --> 00:47:41.559
 person

00:47:41.559 --> 00:47:42.119
 who

00:47:42.119 --> 00:47:42.359
 has

00:47:42.359 --> 00:47:42.799
 existed

00:47:42.799 --> 00:47:43.519
 who's

00:47:43.519 --> 00:47:43.659
 had

00:47:43.659 --> 00:47:43.899
 more

00:47:43.899 --> 00:47:44.259
 people

00:47:44.259 --> 00:47:44.579
 come

00:47:44.579 --> 00:47:44.699
 in

00:47:44.699 --> 00:47:44.839
 their

00:47:44.839 --> 00:47:45.099
 name

00:47:45.099 --> 00:47:45.259
 and

00:47:45.259 --> 00:47:45.420
 say

00:47:45.420 --> 00:47:45.579
 they

00:47:45.579 --> 00:47:45.960
 represent

00:47:45.960 --> 00:47:46.379
 them

00:47:46.379 --> 00:47:46.500
 or

00:47:46.500 --> 00:47:46.639
 they

00:47:46.639 --> 00:47:46.859
 are

00:47:46.859 --> 00:47:47.179
 them

00:47:47.179 --> 00:47:48.159
 Jesus

00:47:48.159 --> 00:47:48.500
 said

00:47:48.500 --> 00:47:48.619
 that

00:47:48.619 --> 00:47:48.779
 his

00:47:48.779 --> 00:47:49.239
 followers

00:47:49.239 --> 00:47:49.519
 would

00:47:49.519 --> 00:47:49.659
 be

00:47:49.659 --> 00:47:49.980
 brought

00:47:49.980 --> 00:47:50.319
 before

00:47:50.319 --> 00:47:50.839
 kings

00:47:50.839 --> 00:47:51.099
 and

00:47:51.099 --> 00:47:51.519
 rulers

00:47:51.519 --> 00:47:52.179
 and

00:47:52.179 --> 00:47:52.339
 all

00:47:52.339 --> 00:47:52.559
 these

00:47:52.559 --> 00:47:52.819
 things

00:47:52.819 --> 00:47:52.980
 have

00:47:52.980 --> 00:47:53.259
 happened

00:47:53.259 --> 00:47:53.500
 so

00:47:53.500 --> 00:47:53.699
 many

00:47:53.699 --> 00:47:54.139
 times

00:47:54.139 --> 00:47:54.779
 it

00:47:54.779 --> 00:47:54.919
 is

00:47:54.919 --> 00:47:55.199
 beyond

00:47:55.199 --> 00:47:55.659
 counting

00:47:55.659 --> 00:47:56.679
 and

00:47:56.679 --> 00:47:56.980
 Jesus

00:47:56.980 --> 00:47:57.460
 predicted

00:47:57.460 --> 00:47:57.739
 all

00:47:57.739 --> 00:47:57.879
 of

00:47:57.879 --> 00:47:58.039
 this

00:47:58.039 --> 00:47:58.199
 when

00:47:58.199 --> 00:47:58.299
 he

00:47:58.299 --> 00:47:58.480
 was

00:47:58.480 --> 00:47:58.719
 still

00:47:58.719 --> 00:47:58.839
 an

00:47:58.839 --> 00:47:59.319
 obscure

00:47:59.319 --> 00:48:00.019
 carpenter

00:48:00.019 --> 00:48:00.799
 from

00:48:00.799 --> 00:48:01.299
 Galilee

00:48:01.299 --> 00:48:02.179
 and

00:48:02.179 --> 00:48:02.319
 he

00:48:02.319 --> 00:48:02.500
 was

00:48:02.500 --> 00:48:02.859
 right

00:48:02.859 --> 00:48:03.960
 so

00:48:03.960 --> 00:48:04.179
 my

00:48:04.179 --> 00:48:04.519
 friends

00:48:04.519 --> 00:48:05.159
 I've

00:48:05.159 --> 00:48:05.259
 been

00:48:05.259 --> 00:48:05.480
 giving

00:48:05.480 --> 00:48:05.799
 many

00:48:05.799 --> 00:48:06.399
 reasons

00:48:06.399 --> 00:48:06.980
 why

00:48:06.980 --> 00:48:07.119
 the

00:48:07.119 --> 00:48:07.259
 New

00:48:07.259 --> 00:48:07.599
 Testament

00:48:07.599 --> 00:48:07.859
 is

00:48:07.859 --> 00:48:08.239
 worthy

00:48:08.239 --> 00:48:08.839
 of

00:48:08.839 --> 00:48:09.000
 our

00:48:09.000 --> 00:48:09.480
 trust

00:48:09.480 --> 00:48:09.919
 and

00:48:09.919 --> 00:48:10.119
 if

00:48:10.119 --> 00:48:10.259
 you're

00:48:10.259 --> 00:48:10.639
 interested

00:48:10.639 --> 00:48:10.980
 I'd

00:48:10.980 --> 00:48:11.079
 be

00:48:11.079 --> 00:48:11.659
 happy

00:48:11.659 --> 00:48:12.259
 to

00:48:12.259 --> 00:48:12.839
 talk

00:48:12.839 --> 00:48:13.039
 about

00:48:13.039 --> 00:48:13.219
 these

00:48:13.219 --> 00:48:13.480
 matters

00:48:13.480 --> 00:48:13.899
 afterwards

00:48:13.899 --> 00:48:14.179
 or

00:48:14.179 --> 00:48:14.379
 share

00:48:14.379 --> 00:48:14.599
 my

00:48:14.599 --> 00:48:14.939
 sources

00:48:14.939 --> 00:48:15.139
 of

00:48:15.139 --> 00:48:15.539
 information

00:48:15.539 --> 00:48:15.819
 with

00:48:15.819 --> 00:48:16.059
 you

00:48:16.059 --> 00:48:16.639
 as

00:48:16.639 --> 00:48:16.960
 well

00:48:16.960 --> 00:48:17.559
 but

00:48:17.559 --> 00:48:18.139
 if

00:48:18.139 --> 00:48:18.319
 you're

00:48:18.319 --> 00:48:18.480
 here

00:48:18.480 --> 00:48:18.919
 today

00:48:18.919 --> 00:48:19.899
 and

00:48:19.899 --> 00:48:20.059
 you're

00:48:20.059 --> 00:48:20.279
 still

00:48:20.279 --> 00:48:20.659
 wondering

00:48:20.659 --> 00:48:20.940
 about

00:48:20.940 --> 00:48:21.099
 the

00:48:21.099 --> 00:48:21.420
 person

00:48:21.420 --> 00:48:21.599
 of

00:48:21.599 --> 00:48:21.940
 Jesus

00:48:21.940 --> 00:48:22.659
 let

00:48:22.659 --> 00:48:22.779
 me

00:48:22.779 --> 00:48:23.000
 give

00:48:23.000 --> 00:48:23.219
 you

00:48:23.219 --> 00:48:23.820
 one

00:48:23.820 --> 00:48:24.219
 final

00:48:24.219 --> 00:48:24.679
 test

00:48:24.679 --> 00:48:25.019
 to

00:48:25.019 --> 00:48:25.539
 conduct

00:48:25.539 --> 00:48:26.559
 concerning

00:48:26.559 --> 00:48:26.799
 the

00:48:26.799 --> 00:48:27.199
 authenticity

00:48:27.199 --> 00:48:27.719
 of

00:48:27.719 --> 00:48:28.079
 Jesus

00:48:28.079 --> 00:48:28.759
 and

00:48:28.759 --> 00:48:28.880
 the

00:48:28.880 --> 00:48:29.039
 New

00:48:29.039 --> 00:48:29.400
 Testament

00:48:29.400 --> 00:48:30.000
 and

00:48:30.000 --> 00:48:30.239
 this

00:48:30.239 --> 00:48:30.360
 is

00:48:30.360 --> 00:48:30.500
 a

00:48:30.500 --> 00:48:30.880
 test

00:48:30.880 --> 00:48:31.880
 recommended

00:48:31.880 --> 00:48:32.719
 by

00:48:32.719 --> 00:48:33.099
 Jesus

00:48:33.099 --> 00:48:33.759
 himself

00:48:33.759 --> 00:48:34.659
 he

00:48:34.659 --> 00:48:35.099
 says

00:48:35.099 --> 00:48:35.679
 in

00:48:35.679 --> 00:48:35.799
 the

00:48:35.799 --> 00:48:36.099
 gospel

00:48:36.099 --> 00:48:36.299
 of

00:48:36.299 --> 00:48:36.699
 John

00:48:36.699 --> 00:48:38.559
 anyone

00:48:38.559 --> 00:48:38.880
 who

00:48:38.880 --> 00:48:39.219
 chooses

00:48:39.219 --> 00:48:39.619
 to do

00:48:39.619 --> 00:48:39.779
 the

00:48:39.779 --> 00:48:39.940
 will

00:48:39.940 --> 00:48:40.099
 of

00:48:40.099 --> 00:48:40.420
 God

00:48:40.420 --> 00:48:41.440
 will

00:48:41.440 --> 00:48:41.699
 find

00:48:41.699 --> 00:48:41.880
 out

00:48:41.880 --> 00:48:42.059
 whether

00:48:42.059 --> 00:48:42.320
 my

00:48:42.320 --> 00:48:42.659
 teaching

00:48:42.659 --> 00:48:42.980
 comes

00:48:42.980 --> 00:48:43.179
 from

00:48:43.179 --> 00:48:43.519
 God

00:48:43.519 --> 00:48:44.099
 or

00:48:44.099 --> 00:48:44.320
 whether

00:48:44.320 --> 00:48:44.599
 I

00:48:44.599 --> 00:48:45.139
 speak

00:48:45.139 --> 00:48:45.460
 on

00:48:45.460 --> 00:48:45.719
 my

00:48:45.719 --> 00:48:46.059
 own

00:48:46.059 --> 00:48:46.860
 my

00:48:46.860 --> 00:48:47.139
 friends

00:48:47.139 --> 00:48:47.299
 if

00:48:47.299 --> 00:48:47.440
 you

00:48:47.440 --> 00:48:47.739
 choose

00:48:47.739 --> 00:48:47.900
 to

00:48:47.900 --> 00:48:48.039
 do

00:48:48.039 --> 00:48:48.179
 the

00:48:48.179 --> 00:48:48.319
 will

00:48:48.319 --> 00:48:48.460
 of

00:48:48.460 --> 00:48:48.719
 God

00:48:48.719 --> 00:48:49.019
 Jesus

00:48:49.019 --> 00:48:49.359
 has

00:48:49.359 --> 00:48:49.879
 promised

00:48:49.879 --> 00:48:50.440
 that

00:48:50.440 --> 00:48:50.719
 you

00:48:50.719 --> 00:48:50.960
 will

00:48:50.960 --> 00:48:51.299
 find

00:48:51.299 --> 00:48:51.480
 that

00:48:51.480 --> 00:48:51.679
 his

00:48:51.679 --> 00:48:52.059
 teaching

00:48:52.059 --> 00:48:52.440
 comes

00:48:52.440 --> 00:48:52.659
 from

00:48:52.659 --> 00:48:53.039
 God

00:48:53.039 --> 00:48:53.539
 and

00:48:53.539 --> 00:48:53.699
 that

00:48:53.699 --> 00:48:53.859
 you

00:48:53.859 --> 00:48:54.059
 will

00:48:54.059 --> 00:48:54.339
 know

00:48:54.339 --> 00:48:54.839
 that

00:48:54.839 --> 00:48:55.079
 he

00:48:55.079 --> 00:48:55.379
 is

00:48:55.379 --> 00:48:55.839
 worthy

00:48:55.839 --> 00:48:56.219
 of

00:48:56.219 --> 00:48:56.379
 your

00:48:56.379 --> 00:48:56.839
 trust

00:48:56.839 --> 00:48:58.440
 let

00:48:58.440 --> 00:48:58.559
 me

00:48:58.559 --> 00:48:58.799
 end

00:48:58.799 --> 00:48:59.000
 in

00:48:59.000 --> 00:48:59.239
 prayer

00:48:59.239 --> 00:48:59.399
 and

00:48:59.399 --> 00:48:59.500
 then

00:48:59.500 --> 00:48:59.619
 we'll

00:48:59.619 --> 00:48:59.839
 take

00:48:59.839 --> 00:49:00.019
 some

00:49:00.019 --> 00:49:00.500
 questions

00:49:00.500 --> 00:49:02.119
 father

00:49:02.119 --> 00:49:02.279
 in

00:49:02.279 --> 00:49:02.440
 heaven

00:49:02.440 --> 00:49:02.639
 we

00:49:02.639 --> 00:49:02.859
 thank

00:49:02.859 --> 00:49:02.980
 you

00:49:02.980 --> 00:49:03.139
 that

00:49:03.139 --> 00:49:03.279
 you

00:49:03.279 --> 00:49:03.539
 sent

00:49:03.539 --> 00:49:03.699
 your

00:49:03.699 --> 00:49:03.960
 son

00:49:03.960 --> 00:49:04.319
 Jesus

00:49:04.319 --> 00:49:05.199
 to

00:49:05.199 --> 00:49:05.699
 minister

00:49:05.699 --> 00:49:06.099
 on

00:49:06.099 --> 00:49:06.299
 this

00:49:06.299 --> 00:49:06.699
 earth

00:49:06.699 --> 00:49:07.440
 to

00:49:07.440 --> 00:49:08.039
 preach

00:49:08.039 --> 00:49:09.099
 and

00:49:09.099 --> 00:49:09.619
 teach

00:49:09.619 --> 00:49:10.079
 to

00:49:10.079 --> 00:49:10.339
 work

00:49:10.339 --> 00:49:10.799
 miracles

00:49:10.799 --> 00:49:11.039
 and

00:49:11.039 --> 00:49:11.339
 signs

00:49:11.339 --> 00:49:11.579
 and

00:49:11.579 --> 00:49:11.899
 wonders

00:49:11.899 --> 00:49:12.219
 Lord

00:49:12.219 --> 00:49:12.419
 but

00:49:12.419 --> 00:49:12.699
 above

00:49:12.699 --> 00:49:12.960
 all

00:49:12.960 --> 00:49:13.619
 to

00:49:13.619 --> 00:49:14.079
 suffer

00:49:14.079 --> 00:49:14.400
 for

00:49:14.400 --> 00:49:14.779
 us

00:49:14.779 --> 00:49:16.099
 in

00:49:16.099 --> 00:49:16.259
 order

00:49:16.259 --> 00:49:16.460
 to

00:49:16.460 --> 00:49:16.759
 forgive

00:49:16.759 --> 00:49:17.039
 our

00:49:17.039 --> 00:49:17.480
 sins

00:49:17.480 --> 00:49:18.019
 we

00:49:18.019 --> 00:49:18.299
 thank

00:49:18.299 --> 00:49:18.480
 you

00:49:18.480 --> 00:49:18.779
 Lord

00:49:18.779 --> 00:49:19.019
 that

00:49:19.019 --> 00:49:19.139
 he

00:49:19.139 --> 00:49:19.519
 died

00:49:19.519 --> 00:49:19.759
 was

00:49:19.759 --> 00:49:20.119
 buried

00:49:20.119 --> 00:49:20.639
 and

00:49:20.639 --> 00:49:20.840
 three

00:49:20.840 --> 00:49:21.079
 days

00:49:21.079 --> 00:49:21.319
 later

00:49:21.319 --> 00:49:21.619
 rose

00:49:21.619 --> 00:49:21.960
 again

00:49:21.960 --> 00:49:22.599
 and

00:49:22.599 --> 00:49:22.699
 that

00:49:22.699 --> 00:49:22.819
 he

00:49:22.819 --> 00:49:23.199
 promises

00:49:23.199 --> 00:49:23.519
 that

00:49:23.519 --> 00:49:23.659
 he

00:49:23.659 --> 00:49:23.840
 will

00:49:23.840 --> 00:49:24.199
 raise

00:49:24.199 --> 00:49:24.500
 us

00:49:24.500 --> 00:49:24.759
 up

00:49:24.759 --> 00:49:24.960
 on

00:49:24.960 --> 00:49:25.119
 that

00:49:25.119 --> 00:49:25.420
 day

00:49:25.420 --> 00:49:26.179
 when

00:49:26.179 --> 00:49:26.319
 he

00:49:26.319 --> 00:49:26.599
 comes

00:49:26.599 --> 00:49:26.759
 in

00:49:26.759 --> 00:49:27.119
 glory

00:49:27.119 --> 00:49:27.599
 with

00:49:27.599 --> 00:49:27.779
 his

00:49:27.779 --> 00:49:28.000
 holy

00:49:28.000 --> 00:49:28.480
 angels

00:49:28.480 --> 00:49:29.519
 father

00:49:29.519 --> 00:49:29.699
 I

00:49:29.699 --> 00:49:29.880
 pray

00:49:29.880 --> 00:49:30.059
 that

00:49:30.059 --> 00:49:30.199
 you

00:49:30.199 --> 00:49:30.340
 would

00:49:30.340 --> 00:49:30.639
 increase

00:49:30.639 --> 00:49:30.819
 our

00:49:30.819 --> 00:49:31.199
 trust

00:49:31.199 --> 00:49:31.380
 in

00:49:31.380 --> 00:49:31.539
 your

00:49:31.539 --> 00:49:31.900
 word

00:49:31.900 --> 00:49:32.159
 that

00:49:32.159 --> 00:49:32.259
 you

00:49:32.259 --> 00:49:32.380
 would

00:49:32.380 --> 00:49:32.599
 help

00:49:32.599 --> 00:49:32.819
 us

00:49:32.819 --> 00:49:33.360
 to

00:49:33.360 --> 00:49:33.759
 grow

00:49:33.759 --> 00:49:34.079
 in

00:49:34.079 --> 00:49:34.259
 it

00:49:34.259 --> 00:49:34.579
 Lord

00:49:34.579 --> 00:49:34.860
 to

00:49:34.860 --> 00:49:35.259
 grow

00:49:35.259 --> 00:49:35.639
 in

00:49:35.639 --> 00:49:36.259
 in

00:49:36.259 --> 00:49:36.460
 the

00:49:36.460 --> 00:49:36.920
 fruits

00:49:36.920 --> 00:49:37.460
 that

00:49:44.079 --> 00:49:44.819
 Lord

00:49:44.819 --> 00:49:45.119
 help

00:49:45.119 --> 00:49:45.380
 us

00:49:45.380 --> 00:49:45.920
 to

00:49:45.920 --> 00:49:46.400
 forsake

00:49:46.400 --> 00:49:46.719
 evil

00:49:46.719 --> 00:49:46.920
 and

00:49:46.920 --> 00:49:47.039
 to

00:49:47.039 --> 00:49:47.239
 cling

00:49:47.239 --> 00:49:47.340
 to

00:49:47.340 --> 00:49:47.500
 what

00:49:47.500 --> 00:49:47.639
 is

00:49:47.639 --> 00:49:47.900
 good

00:49:47.900 --> 00:49:48.119
 to

00:49:48.119 --> 00:49:48.420
 repent

00:49:48.420 --> 00:49:48.599
 of

00:49:48.599 --> 00:49:48.779
 our

00:49:48.779 --> 00:49:49.159
 sins

00:49:49.159 --> 00:49:49.400
 to

00:49:49.400 --> 00:49:49.719
 minister

00:49:49.719 --> 00:49:49.960
 to

00:49:49.960 --> 00:49:50.259
 others

00:49:50.259 --> 00:49:50.860
 and

00:49:50.860 --> 00:49:51.019
 to

00:49:51.019 --> 00:49:51.159
 lay

00:49:51.159 --> 00:49:51.319
 our

00:49:51.319 --> 00:49:51.619
 lives

00:49:51.619 --> 00:49:51.860
 down

00:49:51.860 --> 00:49:52.099
 just

00:49:52.099 --> 00:49:52.360
 like

00:49:52.360 --> 00:49:52.659
 Jesus

00:49:52.659 --> 00:49:52.940
 did

00:49:52.940 --> 00:49:53.119
 for

00:49:53.119 --> 00:49:53.400
 us

00:49:53.400 --> 00:49:54.440
 we

00:49:54.440 --> 00:49:54.679
 pray

00:49:54.679 --> 00:49:54.960
 this

00:49:54.960 --> 00:49:55.159
 in

00:49:55.159 --> 00:49:55.340
 his

00:49:55.340 --> 00:49:55.619
 mighty

00:49:55.619 --> 00:49:55.960
 name

00:49:55.960 --> 00:49:56.779
 amen

00:49:56.779 --> 00:49:58.480
 all right

00:49:58.480 --> 00:49:58.779
 folks

00:49:58.779 --> 00:49:59.119
 we've

00:49:59.119 --> 00:49:59.259
 got

00:49:59.259 --> 00:49:59.579
 I

00:49:59.579 --> 00:49:59.960
 went

00:49:59.960 --> 00:50:00.340
 faster

00:50:00.340 --> 00:50:00.519
 than

00:50:00.519 --> 00:50:00.679
 I

00:50:00.679 --> 00:50:00.940
 thought

00:50:00.940 --> 00:50:01.179
 so

00:50:01.179 --> 00:50:01.380
 we've

00:50:01.380 --> 00:50:01.639
 got

00:50:01.639 --> 00:50:02.239
 we've

00:50:02.239 --> 00:50:02.440
 got

00:50:02.440 --> 00:50:03.559
 time

00:50:03.559 --> 00:50:03.719
 for

00:50:03.719 --> 00:50:04.179
 questions

00:50:04.179 --> 00:50:05.119
 if you

00:50:05.119 --> 00:50:05.319
 want

00:50:05.319 --> 00:50:05.500
 we

00:50:05.500 --> 00:50:05.639
 can

00:50:05.639 --> 00:50:05.940
 also

00:50:05.940 --> 00:50:06.159
 I

00:50:06.159 --> 00:50:06.279
 can

00:50:06.279 --> 00:50:06.460
 also

00:50:06.460 --> 00:50:06.679
 answer

00:50:06.679 --> 00:50:07.099
 questions

00:50:07.099 --> 00:50:07.279
 about

00:50:07.279 --> 00:50:07.440
 any

00:50:14.079 --> 00:50:19.599
 for

00:50:19.599 --> 00:50:19.880
 the

00:50:19.880 --> 00:50:20.380
 persecution

00:50:20.380 --> 00:50:20.679
 of

00:50:20.679 --> 00:50:21.079
 Christians

00:50:21.079 --> 00:50:21.400
 during

00:50:21.400 --> 00:50:21.759
 Rome

00:50:21.759 --> 00:50:22.599
 what

00:50:22.599 --> 00:50:22.699
 was

00:50:22.699 --> 00:50:22.819
 the

00:50:22.819 --> 00:50:23.139
 flash

00:50:23.139 --> 00:50:23.480
 point

00:50:23.480 --> 00:50:24.380
 about

00:50:24.380 --> 00:50:24.880
 why

00:50:24.880 --> 00:50:25.059
 the

00:50:25.059 --> 00:50:25.440
 Romans

00:50:25.440 --> 00:50:27.380
 persecuted

00:50:27.380 --> 00:50:27.860
 Christians

00:50:27.860 --> 00:50:28.340
 was it

00:50:28.340 --> 00:50:29.460
 charge

00:50:29.460 --> 00:50:29.980
 substitution

00:50:29.980 --> 00:50:31.420
 because

00:50:31.420 --> 00:50:32.119
 they

00:50:32.119 --> 00:50:32.299
 wouldn't

00:50:32.299 --> 00:50:32.799
 bow down

00:50:32.799 --> 00:50:33.259
 to the

00:50:33.259 --> 00:50:34.139
 the

00:50:34.139 --> 00:50:34.679
 Emperor

00:50:34.679 --> 00:50:35.199
 Augustus

00:50:35.199 --> 00:50:35.539
 and his

00:50:35.539 --> 00:50:35.960
 statues

00:50:35.960 --> 00:50:36.519
 was it

00:50:36.519 --> 00:50:37.079
 they were

00:50:37.079 --> 00:50:37.699
 scapegoating

00:50:37.699 --> 00:50:38.059
 them for

00:50:38.059 --> 00:50:38.480
 the fall

00:50:38.480 --> 00:50:40.000
 of Rome

00:50:40.000 --> 00:50:40.739
 what was

00:50:40.739 --> 00:50:41.299
 the reason

00:50:41.299 --> 00:50:41.699
 why

00:50:41.699 --> 00:50:42.239
 Christians

00:50:42.239 --> 00:50:43.000
 were

00:50:43.000 --> 00:50:44.480
 universally

00:50:44.480 --> 00:50:45.280
 despised

00:50:45.280 --> 00:50:47.019
 great

00:50:47.019 --> 00:50:47.500
 question

00:50:47.500 --> 00:50:47.980
 questions

00:50:47.980 --> 00:50:48.260
 why

00:50:48.260 --> 00:50:48.400
 were

00:50:48.400 --> 00:50:48.579
 the

00:50:48.579 --> 00:50:49.099
 Christians

00:50:49.099 --> 00:50:49.659
 persecuted

00:50:49.659 --> 00:50:49.880
 in

00:50:49.880 --> 00:50:50.039
 Rome

00:50:50.039 --> 00:50:50.619
 the

00:50:50.619 --> 00:50:50.840
 answer

00:50:50.840 --> 00:50:51.000
 is

00:50:51.000 --> 00:50:51.280
 kind

00:50:51.280 --> 00:50:51.380
 of

00:50:51.380 --> 00:50:51.539
 all

00:50:51.539 --> 00:50:51.659
 of

00:50:51.659 --> 00:50:51.739
 the

00:50:51.739 --> 00:50:52.019
 above

00:50:52.019 --> 00:50:52.340
 it

00:50:52.340 --> 00:50:52.860
 varies

00:50:52.860 --> 00:50:53.340
 at

00:50:53.340 --> 00:50:53.699
 different

00:50:53.699 --> 00:50:54.000
 times

00:50:54.000 --> 00:50:54.099
 in

00:50:54.099 --> 00:50:54.280
 different

00:50:54.280 --> 00:50:54.679
 places

00:50:54.679 --> 00:50:55.579
 so

00:50:55.579 --> 00:50:56.619
 the

00:50:56.619 --> 00:50:56.880
 Rome

00:50:56.880 --> 00:50:57.320
 we

00:50:57.320 --> 00:50:57.500
 think

00:50:57.500 --> 00:50:57.619
 of

00:50:57.619 --> 00:50:57.900
 Rome

00:50:57.900 --> 00:50:58.099
 as

00:50:58.099 --> 00:50:58.300
 this

00:50:58.300 --> 00:50:58.860
 dictatorship

00:50:58.860 --> 00:50:59.159
 where

00:50:59.159 --> 00:50:59.440
 everybody

00:50:59.440 --> 00:50:59.800
 follows

00:50:59.800 --> 00:50:59.980
 the

00:50:59.980 --> 00:51:00.159
 same

00:51:00.159 --> 00:51:00.360
 set

00:51:00.360 --> 00:51:00.480
 of

00:51:00.480 --> 00:51:00.760
 laws

00:51:00.760 --> 00:51:00.940
 and

00:51:00.940 --> 00:51:01.139
 that's

00:51:01.139 --> 00:51:01.360
 not

00:51:01.360 --> 00:51:01.760
 really

00:51:01.760 --> 00:51:01.960
 the

00:51:01.960 --> 00:51:02.260
 case

00:51:02.260 --> 00:51:03.079
 Roman

00:51:03.079 --> 00:51:03.480
 governors

00:51:03.480 --> 00:51:03.699
 had

00:51:03.699 --> 00:51:03.900
 a lot

00:51:03.900 --> 00:51:04.019
 of

00:51:04.019 --> 00:51:04.400
 latitude

00:51:04.400 --> 00:51:04.699
 and

00:51:04.699 --> 00:51:04.780
 there

00:51:04.780 --> 00:51:04.880
 were

00:51:04.880 --> 00:51:05.179
 local

00:51:05.179 --> 00:51:05.619
 customs

00:51:05.619 --> 00:51:05.819
 that

00:51:05.819 --> 00:51:05.980
 were

00:51:05.980 --> 00:51:06.719
 obeyed

00:51:06.719 --> 00:51:07.059
 and

00:51:07.059 --> 00:51:10.199
 even if

00:51:10.199 --> 00:51:10.579
 there were

00:51:10.579 --> 00:51:11.039
 certain

00:51:11.039 --> 00:51:11.380
 laws

00:51:11.380 --> 00:51:11.619
 Roman

00:51:11.619 --> 00:51:11.940
 governors

00:51:11.940 --> 00:51:12.139
 could

00:51:12.139 --> 00:51:12.400
 break

00:51:12.400 --> 00:51:12.579
 them

00:51:12.579 --> 00:51:12.819
 so

00:51:12.819 --> 00:51:13.359
 it

00:51:13.359 --> 00:51:13.779
 really

00:51:13.779 --> 00:51:14.199
 depends

00:51:14.199 --> 00:51:14.440
 but

00:51:14.440 --> 00:51:14.659
 in

00:51:14.659 --> 00:51:15.099
 general

00:51:15.099 --> 00:51:15.799
 there

00:51:15.799 --> 00:51:15.940
 were

00:51:15.940 --> 00:51:16.039
 a

00:51:16.039 --> 00:51:16.199
 number

00:51:16.199 --> 00:51:16.359
 of

00:51:16.359 --> 00:51:16.599
 reasons

00:51:16.599 --> 00:51:16.960
 so

00:51:16.960 --> 00:51:17.539
 one

00:51:17.539 --> 00:51:17.779
 was

00:51:17.779 --> 00:51:17.920
 that

00:51:17.920 --> 00:51:18.059
 there

00:51:18.059 --> 00:51:18.139
 were

00:51:18.139 --> 00:51:18.380
 a lot

00:51:18.380 --> 00:51:18.500
 of

00:51:18.500 --> 00:51:18.779
 vicious

00:51:18.779 --> 00:51:19.259
 rumors

00:51:19.259 --> 00:51:20.159
 circulating

00:51:20.159 --> 00:51:20.639
 about

00:51:20.639 --> 00:51:21.139
 Christians

00:51:21.139 --> 00:51:22.380
 they

00:51:22.380 --> 00:51:22.880
 Christians

00:51:22.880 --> 00:51:23.400
 were accused

00:51:23.400 --> 00:51:23.619
 of

00:51:23.619 --> 00:51:24.400
 cannibalism

00:51:24.400 --> 00:51:24.839
 of

00:51:24.839 --> 00:51:25.619
 incest

00:51:25.619 --> 00:51:26.059
 of

00:51:26.059 --> 00:51:26.259
 things

00:51:26.259 --> 00:51:26.420
 like

00:51:26.420 --> 00:51:26.599
 that

00:51:26.599 --> 00:51:26.779
 they

00:51:26.779 --> 00:51:26.940
 seem

00:51:26.940 --> 00:51:27.079
 like

00:51:27.079 --> 00:51:27.380
 bizarre

00:51:27.380 --> 00:51:27.819
 claims

00:51:27.819 --> 00:51:28.079
 but

00:51:28.079 --> 00:51:28.619
 when

00:51:28.619 --> 00:51:28.739
 you

00:51:28.739 --> 00:51:29.000
 think

00:51:29.000 --> 00:51:29.259
 when

00:51:29.259 --> 00:51:29.460
 people

00:51:29.460 --> 00:51:29.639
 hear

00:51:29.639 --> 00:51:29.980
 rumors

00:51:29.980 --> 00:51:30.199
 about

00:51:30.199 --> 00:51:30.359
 the

00:51:30.359 --> 00:51:30.779
 Eucharist

00:51:30.779 --> 00:51:30.920
 and

00:51:30.920 --> 00:51:31.299
 communion

00:51:31.299 --> 00:51:31.519
 and

00:51:31.519 --> 00:51:31.639
 how

00:51:31.639 --> 00:51:31.879
 people

00:51:31.879 --> 00:51:32.119
 eat

00:51:32.119 --> 00:51:32.239
 the

00:51:32.239 --> 00:51:32.440
 body

00:51:32.440 --> 00:51:32.579
 and

00:51:32.579 --> 00:51:32.759
 blood

00:51:32.759 --> 00:51:32.940
 of

00:51:32.940 --> 00:51:33.239
 Jesus

00:51:33.239 --> 00:51:33.940
 it

00:51:33.940 --> 00:51:34.119
 makes

00:51:34.119 --> 00:51:34.359
 a little

00:51:34.359 --> 00:51:34.579
 more

00:51:34.579 --> 00:51:34.879
 sense

00:51:34.879 --> 00:51:35.059
 why

00:51:35.059 --> 00:51:35.259
 those

00:51:35.259 --> 00:51:35.480
 rumors

00:51:35.480 --> 00:51:35.699
 would

00:51:35.699 --> 00:51:35.839
 go

00:51:35.839 --> 00:51:36.059
 out

00:51:36.059 --> 00:51:36.799
 as

00:51:36.799 --> 00:51:36.960
 far

00:51:36.960 --> 00:51:37.099
 as

00:51:37.099 --> 00:51:37.579
 incest

00:51:37.579 --> 00:51:37.980
 goes

00:51:37.980 --> 00:51:38.400
 Christians

00:51:38.400 --> 00:51:38.960
 would

00:51:38.960 --> 00:51:39.940
 counter-culturally

00:51:39.940 --> 00:51:40.579
 call

00:51:40.579 --> 00:51:40.920
 other

00:51:40.920 --> 00:51:41.319
 Christians

00:51:41.319 --> 00:51:41.519
 their

00:51:41.519 --> 00:51:41.839
 brother

00:51:41.839 --> 00:51:42.079
 or

00:51:42.079 --> 00:51:42.480
 sister

00:51:42.480 --> 00:51:43.239
 sometimes

00:51:43.239 --> 00:51:43.679
 you know

00:51:43.679 --> 00:51:43.839
 if

00:51:43.839 --> 00:51:43.980
 your

00:51:43.980 --> 00:51:44.259
 wife

00:51:44.259 --> 00:51:44.420
 or

00:51:44.420 --> 00:51:44.739
 husband

00:51:44.739 --> 00:51:45.259
 was

00:51:45.259 --> 00:51:45.379
 a

00:51:45.379 --> 00:51:45.659
 Christian

00:51:45.659 --> 00:51:45.940
 they

00:51:45.940 --> 00:51:46.059
 would

00:51:46.059 --> 00:51:46.339
 also

00:51:46.339 --> 00:51:46.579
 be

00:51:46.579 --> 00:51:46.759
 your

00:51:46.759 --> 00:51:47.059
 sister

00:51:47.059 --> 00:51:47.239
 or

00:51:47.239 --> 00:51:47.480
 brother

00:51:47.480 --> 00:51:47.679
 and

00:51:47.679 --> 00:51:47.839
 so

00:51:47.839 --> 00:51:48.440
 that

00:51:48.440 --> 00:51:48.799
 seems

00:51:48.799 --> 00:51:48.960
 to

00:51:48.960 --> 00:51:49.079
 be

00:51:49.079 --> 00:51:49.239
 where

00:51:49.239 --> 00:51:49.500
 those

00:51:49.500 --> 00:51:49.980
 claims

00:51:49.980 --> 00:51:50.219
 of

00:51:50.219 --> 00:51:50.940
 incest

00:51:50.940 --> 00:51:51.219
 came

00:51:51.219 --> 00:51:51.500
 from

00:51:51.500 --> 00:51:52.179
 these

00:51:52.179 --> 00:51:52.460
 of course

00:51:52.460 --> 00:51:52.599
 are

00:51:52.599 --> 00:51:53.139
 completely

00:51:53.139 --> 00:51:53.900
 unfounded

00:51:53.900 --> 00:51:54.160
 and

00:51:54.160 --> 00:51:54.800
 absurd

00:51:54.800 --> 00:51:55.240
 but

00:51:55.240 --> 00:51:56.099
 the

00:51:56.099 --> 00:51:56.660
 rumor mill

00:51:56.660 --> 00:51:57.240
 swirls

00:51:57.240 --> 00:51:57.480
 people

00:51:57.480 --> 00:51:57.800
 start

00:51:57.800 --> 00:51:58.119
 viewing

00:51:58.119 --> 00:51:58.400
 these

00:51:58.400 --> 00:51:58.760
 folks

00:51:58.760 --> 00:51:59.019
 as

00:51:59.019 --> 00:52:00.639
 terrible

00:52:00.639 --> 00:52:01.559
 and

00:52:01.559 --> 00:52:02.019
 in fact

00:52:02.019 --> 00:52:02.680
 we have

00:52:02.680 --> 00:52:02.900
 some

00:52:02.900 --> 00:52:03.519
 testimonies

00:52:03.519 --> 00:52:03.820
 there's

00:52:03.820 --> 00:52:04.639
 some

00:52:04.639 --> 00:52:05.400
 ancient

00:52:05.400 --> 00:52:05.960
 Christian

00:52:05.960 --> 00:52:06.579
 philosophers

00:52:06.579 --> 00:52:07.480
 who

00:52:07.480 --> 00:52:08.260
 say

00:52:08.260 --> 00:52:08.559
 I think

00:52:08.559 --> 00:52:09.500
 it's

00:52:09.500 --> 00:52:10.180
 Justin

00:52:10.180 --> 00:52:10.380
 the

00:52:10.380 --> 00:52:10.720
 philosopher

00:52:10.720 --> 00:52:11.079
 Justin

00:52:11.079 --> 00:52:11.240
 the

00:52:11.240 --> 00:52:11.440
 martyr

00:52:11.440 --> 00:52:12.200
 where

00:52:12.200 --> 00:52:12.400
 he

00:52:12.400 --> 00:52:12.740
 says

00:52:12.740 --> 00:52:12.940
 he

00:52:12.940 --> 00:52:13.240
 heard

00:52:13.240 --> 00:52:13.380
 all

00:52:13.380 --> 00:52:13.559
 these

00:52:13.559 --> 00:52:13.920
 horrible

00:52:13.920 --> 00:52:14.260
 things

00:52:14.260 --> 00:52:14.500
 about

00:52:14.500 --> 00:52:14.880
 Christians

00:52:14.880 --> 00:52:15.039
 and

00:52:15.039 --> 00:52:15.160
 how

00:52:15.160 --> 00:52:15.480
 terrible

00:52:15.480 --> 00:52:15.680
 they

00:52:15.680 --> 00:52:15.820
 were

00:52:15.820 --> 00:52:15.980
 but

00:52:15.980 --> 00:52:16.139
 then

00:52:16.139 --> 00:52:16.300
 he

00:52:16.300 --> 00:52:16.519
 saw

00:52:16.519 --> 00:52:16.700
 them

00:52:16.700 --> 00:52:16.940
 being

00:52:16.940 --> 00:52:17.139
 led

00:52:17.139 --> 00:52:17.300
 to

00:52:17.300 --> 00:52:17.639
 death

00:52:17.639 --> 00:52:18.260
 and

00:52:18.260 --> 00:52:18.840
 refusing

00:52:18.840 --> 00:52:19.340
 to

00:52:19.340 --> 00:52:19.820
 deny

00:52:19.820 --> 00:52:20.400
 their

00:52:20.400 --> 00:52:20.639
 faith

00:52:20.639 --> 00:52:20.800
 in

00:52:20.800 --> 00:52:21.039
 Jesus

00:52:21.039 --> 00:52:21.280
 and

00:52:21.280 --> 00:52:21.420
 he

00:52:21.420 --> 00:52:21.900
 realized

00:52:21.900 --> 00:52:22.420
 these

00:52:22.420 --> 00:52:22.740
 do not

00:52:23.900 --> 00:52:26.039
 who

00:52:26.039 --> 00:52:26.180
 would

00:52:26.180 --> 00:52:26.280
 be

00:52:26.280 --> 00:52:26.480
 doing

00:52:26.480 --> 00:52:26.639
 these

00:52:26.639 --> 00:52:27.119
 horrible

00:52:27.119 --> 00:52:27.440
 things

00:52:27.440 --> 00:52:27.880
 and

00:52:27.880 --> 00:52:28.000
 he

00:52:28.000 --> 00:52:30.539
 became a

00:52:30.539 --> 00:52:31.740
 Christian

00:52:31.740 --> 00:52:32.360
 to sacrifice

00:52:32.360 --> 00:52:32.660
 to the

00:52:32.660 --> 00:52:32.860
 Roman

00:52:32.860 --> 00:52:33.320
 gods

00:52:33.320 --> 00:52:33.800
 this

00:52:33.800 --> 00:52:33.960
 was

00:52:33.960 --> 00:52:34.400
 expected

00:52:34.400 --> 00:52:34.579
 of

00:52:34.579 --> 00:52:34.800
 all

00:52:34.800 --> 00:52:35.139
 people

00:52:35.139 --> 00:52:36.280
 in

00:52:36.280 --> 00:52:36.639
 Rome

00:52:36.639 --> 00:52:37.280
 now

00:52:37.280 --> 00:52:38.139
 sometimes

00:52:38.139 --> 00:52:38.780
 it

00:52:38.780 --> 00:52:39.039
 wasn't

00:52:39.039 --> 00:52:39.280
 a big

00:52:39.280 --> 00:52:39.559
 deal

00:52:39.559 --> 00:52:40.000
 sometimes

00:52:40.000 --> 00:52:40.240
 you

00:52:40.240 --> 00:52:40.400
 just

00:52:40.400 --> 00:52:40.700
 don't

00:52:40.700 --> 00:52:40.880
 go to

00:52:40.880 --> 00:52:40.980
 the

00:52:40.980 --> 00:52:41.300
 festival

00:52:41.300 --> 00:52:41.519
 where

00:52:41.519 --> 00:52:41.680
 they're

00:52:41.680 --> 00:52:42.139
 sacrificing

00:52:42.139 --> 00:52:42.420
 and

00:52:42.420 --> 00:52:42.639
 you're

00:52:42.639 --> 00:52:42.780
 just

00:52:42.780 --> 00:52:43.000
 viewed

00:52:43.000 --> 00:52:43.160
 as

00:52:43.160 --> 00:52:43.340
 kind

00:52:43.340 --> 00:52:43.460
 of

00:52:43.460 --> 00:52:43.760
 weird

00:52:43.760 --> 00:52:44.400
 but

00:52:44.400 --> 00:52:44.700
 other

00:52:44.700 --> 00:52:44.980
 times

00:52:44.980 --> 00:52:45.099
 you

00:52:45.099 --> 00:52:45.220
 could

00:52:45.220 --> 00:52:45.380
 get

00:52:45.380 --> 00:52:45.500
 in

00:52:45.500 --> 00:52:45.720
 really

00:52:45.720 --> 00:52:46.039
 severe

00:52:46.039 --> 00:52:46.340
 trouble

00:52:46.340 --> 00:52:46.519
 for

00:52:46.519 --> 00:52:46.760
 this

00:52:46.760 --> 00:52:47.559
 and

00:52:47.559 --> 00:52:49.680
 usually

00:52:49.680 --> 00:52:50.019
 for

00:52:50.019 --> 00:52:50.260
 most

00:52:50.260 --> 00:52:50.559
 people

00:52:50.559 --> 00:52:50.700
 it

00:52:50.700 --> 00:52:50.920
 wasn't

00:52:50.920 --> 00:52:51.039
 a

00:52:51.039 --> 00:52:51.340
 problem

00:52:51.340 --> 00:52:51.760
 because

00:52:51.760 --> 00:52:52.200
 they

00:52:52.199 --> 00:52:52.379
 would

00:52:52.379 --> 00:52:52.599
 just

00:52:52.599 --> 00:52:52.899
 even

00:52:52.899 --> 00:52:53.079
 if

00:52:53.079 --> 00:52:53.279
 they

00:52:53.279 --> 00:52:53.879
 worshipped

00:52:53.879 --> 00:52:54.199
 another

00:52:54.199 --> 00:52:54.460
 set

00:52:54.460 --> 00:52:54.599
 of

00:52:54.599 --> 00:52:55.000
 gods

00:52:55.000 --> 00:52:55.259
 they

00:52:55.259 --> 00:52:55.480
 were

00:52:55.480 --> 00:52:56.259
 polytheists

00:52:56.259 --> 00:52:56.399
 are

00:52:56.399 --> 00:52:56.759
 generally

00:52:56.759 --> 00:52:57.059
 okay

00:52:57.059 --> 00:52:57.219
 with

00:52:57.219 --> 00:52:57.419
 just

00:52:57.419 --> 00:52:57.719
 throwing

00:52:57.719 --> 00:52:57.919
 other

00:52:57.919 --> 00:52:58.179
 gods

00:52:58.179 --> 00:52:58.299
 into

00:52:58.299 --> 00:52:58.419
 the

00:52:58.419 --> 00:52:58.659
 mix

00:52:58.659 --> 00:52:58.799
 and

00:52:58.799 --> 00:52:58.939
 so

00:52:58.939 --> 00:52:59.379
 they

00:52:59.379 --> 00:52:59.480
 have

00:52:59.480 --> 00:52:59.599
 no

00:52:59.599 --> 00:53:00.059
 problem

00:53:00.059 --> 00:53:00.599
 worshipping

00:53:00.599 --> 00:53:01.439
 a

00:53:01.439 --> 00:53:01.879
 deified

00:53:01.879 --> 00:53:02.339
 Caesar

00:53:02.339 --> 00:53:02.719
 or

00:53:02.719 --> 00:53:03.379
 worshipping

00:53:03.379 --> 00:53:04.199
 Zeus

00:53:04.199 --> 00:53:04.839
 or

00:53:04.839 --> 00:53:05.279
 Jupiter

00:53:05.279 --> 00:53:05.539
 or

00:53:05.539 --> 00:53:05.639
 what

00:53:05.639 --> 00:53:05.839
 have

00:53:05.839 --> 00:53:05.980
 you

00:53:05.980 --> 00:53:06.460
 but

00:53:06.460 --> 00:53:07.039
 Christians

00:53:07.039 --> 00:53:07.559
 would

00:53:07.559 --> 00:53:08.139
 say

00:53:08.139 --> 00:53:08.559
 no

00:53:08.559 --> 00:53:09.779
 we

00:53:09.779 --> 00:53:10.039
 won't

00:53:10.039 --> 00:53:10.219
 do

00:53:10.219 --> 00:53:10.480
 that

00:53:10.480 --> 00:53:10.679
 and

00:53:10.679 --> 00:53:10.879
 that

00:53:10.879 --> 00:53:11.079
 would

00:53:11.079 --> 00:53:11.239
 get

00:53:11.239 --> 00:53:11.460
 them

00:53:11.460 --> 00:53:11.719
 into

00:53:11.719 --> 00:53:12.000
 a

00:53:12.000 --> 00:53:12.379
 lot

00:53:12.379 --> 00:53:12.699
 of

00:53:12.699 --> 00:53:13.019
 trouble

00:53:13.019 --> 00:53:13.939
 sometimes

00:53:13.939 --> 00:53:15.539
 the

00:53:15.539 --> 00:53:15.899
 only

00:53:15.899 --> 00:53:16.179
 other

00:53:16.179 --> 00:53:16.679
 group

00:53:16.679 --> 00:53:16.960
 that

00:53:16.960 --> 00:53:17.259
 seems

00:53:17.259 --> 00:53:17.419
 to

00:53:17.419 --> 00:53:17.539
 have

00:53:17.539 --> 00:53:17.900
 refused

00:53:17.900 --> 00:53:18.099
 to

00:53:18.099 --> 00:53:18.239
 do

00:53:18.239 --> 00:53:18.519
 that

00:53:18.519 --> 00:53:18.980
 the

00:53:18.980 --> 00:53:19.099
 only

00:53:19.099 --> 00:53:19.279
 other

00:53:19.279 --> 00:53:19.619
 large

00:53:19.619 --> 00:53:19.940
 group

00:53:19.940 --> 00:53:20.139
 were

00:53:20.139 --> 00:53:20.360
 the

00:53:20.360 --> 00:53:20.880
 Jews

00:53:20.880 --> 00:53:21.840
 but

00:53:21.840 --> 00:53:23.000
 Jews

00:53:23.000 --> 00:53:23.800
 often

00:53:23.800 --> 00:53:24.039
 had

00:53:24.039 --> 00:53:24.219
 like

00:53:24.219 --> 00:53:24.320
 an

00:53:24.320 --> 00:53:24.800
 agreement

00:53:24.800 --> 00:53:25.259
 with

00:53:25.259 --> 00:53:25.500
 the

00:53:25.500 --> 00:53:25.759
 Romans

00:53:25.759 --> 00:53:25.960
 that

00:53:25.960 --> 00:53:26.079
 they

00:53:26.079 --> 00:53:26.279
 didn't

00:53:26.279 --> 00:53:26.539
 have

00:53:26.539 --> 00:53:26.679
 to

00:53:26.679 --> 00:53:26.800
 do

00:53:26.800 --> 00:53:27.059
 that

00:53:27.059 --> 00:53:27.699
 and

00:53:27.699 --> 00:53:27.960
 at

00:53:27.960 --> 00:53:28.119
 the

00:53:28.119 --> 00:53:28.320
 same

00:53:28.320 --> 00:53:28.579
 time

00:53:28.579 --> 00:53:28.920
 Christians

00:53:28.920 --> 00:53:29.219
 would

00:53:29.219 --> 00:53:29.460
 be

00:53:29.460 --> 00:53:30.039
 refusing

00:53:30.039 --> 00:53:30.259
 to

00:53:30.259 --> 00:53:30.420
 do

00:53:30.420 --> 00:53:30.599
 it

00:53:30.599 --> 00:53:31.779
 often

00:53:31.779 --> 00:53:32.000
 you

00:53:32.000 --> 00:53:32.139
 have

00:53:32.139 --> 00:53:32.400
 Jewish

00:53:32.400 --> 00:53:32.940
 communities

00:53:32.940 --> 00:53:33.659
 loudly

00:53:33.659 --> 00:53:34.239
 proclaiming

00:53:34.239 --> 00:53:34.480
 that

00:53:34.480 --> 00:53:35.039
 these

00:53:35.039 --> 00:53:35.420
 Christians

00:53:35.420 --> 00:53:35.819
 were not

00:53:35.819 --> 00:53:36.119
 Jewish

00:53:36.119 --> 00:53:36.400
 and

00:53:36.400 --> 00:53:36.559
 were

00:53:36.559 --> 00:53:36.759
 doing

00:53:36.759 --> 00:53:37.079
 terrible

00:53:37.079 --> 00:53:37.420
 things

00:53:37.420 --> 00:53:37.539
 and

00:53:37.539 --> 00:53:37.659
 so

00:53:37.659 --> 00:53:37.779
 it

00:53:37.779 --> 00:53:37.980
 just

00:53:37.980 --> 00:53:38.699
 was

00:53:38.699 --> 00:53:38.920
 this

00:53:38.920 --> 00:53:39.400
 cyclic

00:53:39.400 --> 00:53:39.759
 effect

00:53:39.759 --> 00:53:40.360
 there

00:53:40.360 --> 00:53:40.480
 were

00:53:40.480 --> 00:53:40.699
 other

00:53:40.699 --> 00:53:41.019
 things

00:53:41.019 --> 00:53:41.199
 like

00:53:41.199 --> 00:53:41.360
 when

00:53:41.360 --> 00:53:41.799
 earthquakes

00:53:41.799 --> 00:53:42.319
 or

00:53:42.319 --> 00:53:42.779
 famine

00:53:42.779 --> 00:53:43.139
 would

00:53:43.139 --> 00:53:43.319
 hit

00:53:43.319 --> 00:53:43.759
 Rome

00:53:43.759 --> 00:53:44.360
 people

00:53:44.360 --> 00:53:44.539
 would

00:53:44.539 --> 00:53:44.819
 say

00:53:44.819 --> 00:53:45.099
 it's

00:53:45.099 --> 00:53:45.239
 the

00:53:45.239 --> 00:53:45.679
 Christians

00:53:45.679 --> 00:53:45.900
 the

00:53:45.900 --> 00:53:46.259
 Christian

00:53:46.259 --> 00:53:46.480
 to

00:53:46.480 --> 00:53:46.619
 the

00:53:46.619 --> 00:53:46.940
 lion

00:53:46.940 --> 00:53:47.159
 the

00:53:47.159 --> 00:53:47.500
 Christians

00:53:47.500 --> 00:53:47.719
 to

00:53:47.719 --> 00:53:47.860
 the

00:53:47.860 --> 00:53:48.119
 lion

00:53:48.119 --> 00:53:48.639
 and

00:53:48.639 --> 00:53:48.759
 they

00:53:48.759 --> 00:53:48.880
 would

00:53:48.880 --> 00:53:49.119
 round

00:53:49.119 --> 00:53:49.299
 them

00:53:49.299 --> 00:53:49.599
 up

00:53:49.599 --> 00:53:50.839
 similar

00:53:50.839 --> 00:53:51.099
 things

00:53:51.099 --> 00:53:51.239
 would

00:53:51.239 --> 00:53:51.500
 happen

00:53:51.500 --> 00:53:51.699
 that

00:53:51.699 --> 00:53:52.019
 remember

00:53:52.019 --> 00:53:52.539
 most

00:53:52.539 --> 00:53:52.940
 people

00:53:52.940 --> 00:53:53.500
 in

00:53:53.500 --> 00:53:53.619
 the

00:53:53.619 --> 00:53:53.779
 Roman

00:53:53.779 --> 00:53:54.199
 Empire

00:53:54.199 --> 00:53:54.759
 unless

00:53:54.760 --> 00:53:55.120
 you

00:53:55.120 --> 00:53:55.360
 were

00:53:55.360 --> 00:53:55.840
 a

00:53:55.840 --> 00:53:56.400
 male

00:53:56.400 --> 00:53:57.280
 citizen

00:53:57.280 --> 00:53:57.980
 which

00:53:57.980 --> 00:53:58.160
 in

00:53:58.160 --> 00:53:58.300
 the

00:53:58.300 --> 00:53:58.520
 early

00:53:58.520 --> 00:53:58.820
 part

00:53:58.820 --> 00:53:58.900
 of

00:53:58.900 --> 00:53:58.980
 the

00:53:58.980 --> 00:53:59.120
 Roman

00:53:59.120 --> 00:53:59.480
 Empire

00:53:59.480 --> 00:53:59.880
 was

00:53:59.880 --> 00:54:00.040
 you

00:54:00.040 --> 00:54:00.180
 were

00:54:00.180 --> 00:54:00.300
 a

00:54:00.300 --> 00:54:00.480
 great

00:54:00.480 --> 00:54:00.880
 minority

00:54:00.880 --> 00:54:01.480
 unless

00:54:01.480 --> 00:54:01.640
 you

00:54:01.640 --> 00:54:01.740
 were

00:54:01.740 --> 00:54:01.860
 a

00:54:01.860 --> 00:54:02.340
 male

00:54:02.340 --> 00:54:02.880
 citizen

00:54:02.880 --> 00:54:03.600
 you

00:54:03.600 --> 00:54:04.140
 didn't

00:54:04.140 --> 00:54:04.540
 really

00:54:04.540 --> 00:54:04.820
 have

00:54:04.820 --> 00:54:05.140
 many

00:54:05.140 --> 00:54:05.780
 rights

00:54:05.780 --> 00:54:06.340
 and

00:54:06.340 --> 00:54:06.900
 if

00:54:06.900 --> 00:54:07.080
 you

00:54:07.080 --> 00:54:07.340
 were

00:54:07.340 --> 00:54:09.240
 a

00:54:09.240 --> 00:54:09.560
 woman

00:54:09.560 --> 00:54:10.020
 or

00:54:10.020 --> 00:54:10.200
 you

00:54:10.200 --> 00:54:10.380
 were

00:54:10.380 --> 00:54:10.600
 the

00:54:10.600 --> 00:54:10.920
 wife

00:54:10.920 --> 00:54:11.120
 or

00:54:11.120 --> 00:54:11.260
 the

00:54:11.260 --> 00:54:11.520
 daughter

00:54:11.520 --> 00:54:11.680
 or

00:54:11.680 --> 00:54:11.860
 the

00:54:11.860 --> 00:54:12.220
 son

00:54:12.220 --> 00:54:12.680
 of

00:54:12.680 --> 00:54:12.920
 someone

00:54:12.920 --> 00:54:13.040
 who

00:54:13.040 --> 00:54:13.140
 is

00:54:13.140 --> 00:54:13.280
 not

00:54:13.280 --> 00:54:13.420
 yet

00:54:13.420 --> 00:54:13.540
 of

00:54:13.540 --> 00:54:13.940
 age

00:54:13.940 --> 00:54:14.280
 or

00:54:14.280 --> 00:54:14.400
 you

00:54:14.400 --> 00:54:14.500
 were

00:54:14.500 --> 00:54:14.700
 a

00:54:14.700 --> 00:54:15.240
 slave

00:54:15.240 --> 00:54:15.960
 then

00:54:15.960 --> 00:54:16.340
 your

00:54:16.340 --> 00:54:17.140
 father

00:54:17.140 --> 00:54:18.320
 had

00:54:18.320 --> 00:54:18.820
 authority

00:54:18.820 --> 00:54:19.040
 over

00:54:19.040 --> 00:54:19.320
 life

00:54:19.320 --> 00:54:19.900
 and death

00:54:19.900 --> 00:54:20.340
 and so

00:54:20.340 --> 00:54:20.540
 could

00:54:20.540 --> 00:54:20.820
 pretty

00:54:24.760 --> 00:54:25.320
 if

00:54:25.320 --> 00:54:25.420
 you

00:54:25.420 --> 00:54:25.660
 became

00:54:25.660 --> 00:54:25.800
 a

00:54:25.800 --> 00:54:26.040
 Christian

00:54:26.040 --> 00:54:26.440
 and

00:54:26.440 --> 00:54:26.800
 the

00:54:26.800 --> 00:54:26.920
 head

00:54:26.920 --> 00:54:27.020
 of

00:54:27.020 --> 00:54:27.120
 your

00:54:27.120 --> 00:54:27.580
 household

00:54:27.580 --> 00:54:28.100
 didn't

00:54:28.100 --> 00:54:28.360
 like

00:54:28.360 --> 00:54:28.700
 that

00:54:28.700 --> 00:54:29.240
 you

00:54:29.240 --> 00:54:29.380
 were

00:54:29.380 --> 00:54:29.500
 in

00:54:29.500 --> 00:54:29.780
 real

00:54:29.780 --> 00:54:30.000
 big

00:54:30.000 --> 00:54:30.260
 trouble

00:54:30.260 --> 00:54:31.080
 and

00:54:31.080 --> 00:54:31.400
 that

00:54:31.400 --> 00:54:31.640
 was

00:54:31.640 --> 00:54:32.860
 many

00:54:32.860 --> 00:54:33.340
 people

00:54:33.340 --> 00:54:33.700
 if not

00:54:33.700 --> 00:54:33.980
 most

00:54:33.980 --> 00:54:34.280
 people

00:54:34.280 --> 00:54:34.620
 could be

00:54:34.620 --> 00:54:34.940
 caught up

00:54:34.940 --> 00:54:35.220
 in that

00:54:35.220 --> 00:54:35.600
 and so

00:54:35.600 --> 00:54:36.340
 the

00:54:36.340 --> 00:54:37.080
 empire

00:54:37.080 --> 00:54:37.360
 wide

00:54:37.360 --> 00:54:38.080
 persecutions

00:54:38.080 --> 00:54:38.440
 where

00:54:38.440 --> 00:54:39.640
 you

00:54:39.640 --> 00:54:39.860
 have

00:54:39.860 --> 00:54:40.100
 this

00:54:40.100 --> 00:54:41.000
 empire

00:54:41.000 --> 00:54:41.520
 wide

00:54:41.520 --> 00:54:41.920
 scale

00:54:41.920 --> 00:54:42.200
 event

00:54:42.200 --> 00:54:42.720
 those

00:54:42.720 --> 00:54:42.940
 don't

00:54:42.940 --> 00:54:43.180
 happen

00:54:43.180 --> 00:54:43.360
 until

00:54:43.360 --> 00:54:43.640
 later

00:54:43.640 --> 00:54:43.880
 in

00:54:43.880 --> 00:54:44.380
 Christian

00:54:44.380 --> 00:54:44.740
 history

00:54:44.740 --> 00:54:45.000
 those

00:54:45.000 --> 00:54:45.280
 first

00:54:45.280 --> 00:54:45.480
 start

00:54:45.480 --> 00:54:45.860
 happening

00:54:45.860 --> 00:54:46.580
 around

00:54:46.580 --> 00:54:46.700
 the

00:54:46.700 --> 00:54:46.820
 year

00:54:46.820 --> 00:54:47.400
 250

00:54:47.400 --> 00:54:48.620
 and

00:54:48.620 --> 00:54:48.900
 there's

00:54:48.900 --> 00:54:49.320
 several

00:54:49.320 --> 00:54:49.880
 empire

00:54:49.880 --> 00:54:50.620
 wide

00:54:50.620 --> 00:54:51.400
 persecutions

00:54:51.400 --> 00:54:51.740
 where

00:54:51.740 --> 00:54:51.960
 the

00:54:51.960 --> 00:54:52.220
 emperor

00:54:52.220 --> 00:54:52.440
 says

00:54:52.440 --> 00:54:53.019
 everybody's

00:54:53.019 --> 00:54:53.260
 got a

00:54:53.260 --> 00:54:53.900
 sacrifice

00:54:53.900 --> 00:54:55.380
 if not

00:54:55.380 --> 00:54:55.659
 you can

00:54:55.659 --> 00:54:55.800
 be

00:54:55.800 --> 00:54:56.059
 tortured

00:54:56.059 --> 00:54:56.260
 or

00:54:56.260 --> 00:54:56.700
 executed

00:54:56.700 --> 00:54:56.900
 and

00:54:56.900 --> 00:54:57.000
 you

00:54:57.000 --> 00:54:57.200
 actually

00:54:57.200 --> 00:54:57.320
 would

00:54:57.320 --> 00:54:57.420
 have

00:54:57.420 --> 00:54:57.500
 to

00:54:57.500 --> 00:54:57.599
 go

00:54:57.599 --> 00:54:57.720
 get

00:54:57.720 --> 00:54:57.840
 a

00:54:57.840 --> 00:54:58.340
 certificate

00:54:58.340 --> 00:54:59.019
 and

00:54:59.019 --> 00:54:59.179
 we

00:54:59.179 --> 00:54:59.440
 actually

00:54:59.440 --> 00:54:59.880
 have

00:54:59.880 --> 00:55:00.159
 some

00:55:00.159 --> 00:55:00.260
 of

00:55:00.260 --> 00:55:00.380
 these

00:55:00.380 --> 00:55:00.800
 certificates

00:55:00.800 --> 00:55:01.159
 today

00:55:01.159 --> 00:55:01.480
 still

00:55:01.480 --> 00:55:01.800
 remain

00:55:01.800 --> 00:55:01.960
 where

00:55:01.960 --> 00:55:02.280
 people

00:55:02.280 --> 00:55:02.960
 have

00:55:02.960 --> 00:55:03.079
 a

00:55:03.079 --> 00:55:03.440
 certificate

00:55:03.440 --> 00:55:03.659
 or

00:55:03.659 --> 00:55:04.079
 receipt

00:55:04.079 --> 00:55:04.320
 that

00:55:04.320 --> 00:55:04.519
 they

00:55:04.519 --> 00:55:05.420
 sacrifice

00:55:05.420 --> 00:55:05.700
 but

00:55:05.700 --> 00:55:06.039
 before

00:55:06.039 --> 00:55:06.539
 250

00:55:06.539 --> 00:55:07.119
 there

00:55:07.119 --> 00:55:07.220
 were

00:55:07.220 --> 00:55:07.400
 more

00:55:07.400 --> 00:55:07.780
 local

00:55:07.780 --> 00:55:08.440
 persecutions

00:55:08.440 --> 00:55:08.679
 by

00:55:08.679 --> 00:55:09.260
 governors

00:55:09.260 --> 00:55:09.619
 or

00:55:09.619 --> 00:55:10.360
 mobs

00:55:10.360 --> 00:55:10.500
 or

00:55:10.500 --> 00:55:10.760
 things

00:55:10.760 --> 00:55:10.960
 like

00:55:10.960 --> 00:55:11.320
 that

00:55:11.320 --> 00:55:13.740
 so

00:55:13.740 --> 00:55:13.900
 it was

00:55:13.900 --> 00:55:14.079
 very

00:55:14.079 --> 00:55:14.420
 yes

00:55:14.420 --> 00:55:14.780
 what

00:55:14.780 --> 00:55:14.960
 about

00:55:14.960 --> 00:55:15.099
 the

00:55:15.099 --> 00:55:15.260
 Old

00:55:15.260 --> 00:55:15.659
 Testament

00:55:15.659 --> 00:55:17.400
 what

00:55:17.400 --> 00:55:17.700
 about

00:55:17.700 --> 00:55:18.000
 it

00:55:18.000 --> 00:55:32.659
 so

00:55:32.659 --> 00:55:33.300
 it depends

00:55:33.300 --> 00:55:33.579
 what you

00:55:33.579 --> 00:55:33.760
 mean

00:55:33.760 --> 00:55:33.940
 by

00:55:33.940 --> 00:55:34.380
 big

00:55:34.380 --> 00:55:35.300
 part

00:55:35.300 --> 00:55:35.380
 of

00:55:35.380 --> 00:55:35.480
 the

00:55:35.480 --> 00:55:35.780
 problem

00:55:35.780 --> 00:55:35.940
 with

00:55:35.940 --> 00:55:36.039
 the

00:55:36.039 --> 00:55:36.159
 Old

00:55:36.159 --> 00:55:36.480
 Testament

00:55:36.480 --> 00:55:36.719
 is

00:55:36.719 --> 00:55:36.920
 that

00:55:36.920 --> 00:55:37.760
 later

00:55:37.760 --> 00:55:37.940
 you

00:55:37.940 --> 00:55:38.079
 get

00:55:38.079 --> 00:55:38.219
 in

00:55:38.219 --> 00:55:38.539
 history

00:55:38.539 --> 00:55:38.719
 the

00:55:38.719 --> 00:55:38.940
 less

00:55:38.940 --> 00:55:39.340
 historical

00:55:39.340 --> 00:55:39.679
 sources

00:55:39.679 --> 00:55:39.900
 we

00:55:39.900 --> 00:55:40.199
 have

00:55:40.199 --> 00:55:40.920
 and

00:55:40.920 --> 00:55:41.219
 so

00:55:41.219 --> 00:55:41.920
 the

00:55:41.920 --> 00:55:42.079
 Old

00:55:42.079 --> 00:55:42.400
 Testament

00:55:42.400 --> 00:55:42.739
 goes

00:55:42.739 --> 00:55:43.000
 back

00:55:43.000 --> 00:55:43.280
 so

00:55:43.280 --> 00:55:43.719
 far

00:55:43.719 --> 00:55:44.159
 so

00:55:44.159 --> 00:55:44.340
 for

00:55:44.340 --> 00:55:44.659
 instance

00:55:44.659 --> 00:55:45.360
 Herodotus

00:55:45.360 --> 00:55:45.519
 is

00:55:45.519 --> 00:55:45.760
 usually

00:55:45.760 --> 00:55:46.179
 thought of

00:55:46.179 --> 00:55:46.320
 as

00:55:46.320 --> 00:55:46.480
 the

00:55:46.480 --> 00:55:46.960
 earliest

00:55:46.960 --> 00:55:47.639
 historian

00:55:47.639 --> 00:55:48.359
 to

00:55:48.359 --> 00:55:48.679
 write

00:55:48.679 --> 00:55:48.859
 and

00:55:48.859 --> 00:55:49.019
 he

00:55:49.019 --> 00:55:49.279
 wrote

00:55:49.279 --> 00:55:49.460
 in

00:55:49.460 --> 00:55:49.679
 like

00:55:49.679 --> 00:55:50.500
 450

00:55:50.500 --> 00:55:51.039
 BC

00:55:51.039 --> 00:55:51.319
 or

00:55:51.319 --> 00:55:51.500
 something

00:55:51.500 --> 00:55:51.679
 like

00:55:51.679 --> 00:55:51.859
 that

00:55:51.859 --> 00:55:52.480
 and

00:55:52.480 --> 00:55:52.739
 that's

00:55:52.739 --> 00:55:52.819
 when

00:55:52.819 --> 00:55:52.920
 the

00:55:52.920 --> 00:55:53.039
 Old

00:55:53.039 --> 00:55:53.319
 Testament

00:55:53.319 --> 00:55:53.900
 ends

00:55:53.900 --> 00:55:54.659
 so

00:55:54.659 --> 00:55:55.480
 so

00:55:55.480 --> 00:55:56.379
 the

00:55:56.379 --> 00:55:56.559
 Old

00:55:56.559 --> 00:55:56.879
 Testament

00:55:56.879 --> 00:55:57.519
 goes

00:55:57.519 --> 00:55:58.259
 so

00:55:58.259 --> 00:55:58.500
 far

00:55:58.500 --> 00:55:58.839
 back

00:55:58.839 --> 00:55:59.119
 that

00:55:59.119 --> 00:55:59.319
 we

00:55:59.319 --> 00:55:59.519
 only

00:55:59.519 --> 00:55:59.719
 have

00:55:59.719 --> 00:56:00.059
 limited

00:56:00.059 --> 00:56:00.500
 number

00:56:00.500 --> 00:56:00.879
 of

00:56:00.879 --> 00:56:01.539
 historical

00:56:01.539 --> 00:56:02.019
 sources

00:56:02.019 --> 00:56:02.319
 to

00:56:02.319 --> 00:56:02.739
 use

00:56:02.739 --> 00:56:03.940
 some

00:56:03.940 --> 00:56:04.059
 of

00:56:04.059 --> 00:56:04.179
 them

00:56:04.179 --> 00:56:04.319
 are

00:56:04.319 --> 00:56:04.539
 good

00:56:04.539 --> 00:56:04.759
 like

00:56:04.759 --> 00:56:05.079
 in

00:56:05.079 --> 00:56:05.379
 certain

00:56:05.379 --> 00:56:05.759
 parts

00:56:05.759 --> 00:56:05.900
 of

00:56:05.900 --> 00:56:06.219
 Babylon

00:56:06.219 --> 00:56:06.480
 or

00:56:06.480 --> 00:56:06.779
 Egypt

00:56:06.779 --> 00:56:07.119
 we've

00:56:07.119 --> 00:56:07.279
 got

00:56:07.279 --> 00:56:07.559
 good

00:56:07.559 --> 00:56:08.159
 sources

00:56:08.159 --> 00:56:08.440
 but

00:56:08.440 --> 00:56:08.559
 in

00:56:08.559 --> 00:56:08.759
 most

00:56:08.759 --> 00:56:09.039
 parts

00:56:09.039 --> 00:56:09.159
 of

00:56:09.159 --> 00:56:09.239
 the

00:56:09.239 --> 00:56:09.420
 ancient

00:56:09.420 --> 00:56:09.699
 world

00:56:09.699 --> 00:56:10.179
 we

00:56:10.179 --> 00:56:10.359
 don't

00:56:10.359 --> 00:56:10.519
 have

00:56:10.519 --> 00:56:10.779
 hardly

00:56:10.779 --> 00:56:11.099
 any

00:56:11.099 --> 00:56:11.639
 and

00:56:11.639 --> 00:56:11.940
 so

00:56:11.940 --> 00:56:12.480
 there's

00:56:12.480 --> 00:56:12.760
 also

00:56:12.760 --> 00:56:13.059
 if you

00:56:13.059 --> 00:56:13.380
 carefully

00:56:13.380 --> 00:56:13.639
 read

00:56:13.639 --> 00:56:13.740
 the

00:56:13.740 --> 00:56:13.860
 Old

00:56:13.860 --> 00:56:14.139
 Testament

00:56:14.139 --> 00:56:14.440
 there's

00:56:14.440 --> 00:56:14.639
 huge

00:56:14.639 --> 00:56:15.179
 swaths

00:56:15.179 --> 00:56:15.420
 of it

00:56:15.420 --> 00:56:15.860
 like

00:56:15.860 --> 00:56:16.039
 in

00:56:16.039 --> 00:56:16.400
 Genesis

00:56:16.400 --> 00:56:16.740
 like

00:56:16.740 --> 00:56:17.119
 Abraham

00:56:17.119 --> 00:56:17.500
 Isaac

00:56:17.500 --> 00:56:17.800
 Jacob

00:56:17.800 --> 00:56:18.380
 these

00:56:18.380 --> 00:56:18.619
 are

00:56:18.619 --> 00:56:18.940
 just

00:56:18.940 --> 00:56:19.460
 semi

00:56:19.460 --> 00:56:20.179
 nomads

00:56:20.179 --> 00:56:20.460
 going

00:56:20.460 --> 00:56:20.700
 around

00:56:20.700 --> 00:56:20.820
 in

00:56:20.820 --> 00:56:20.940
 the

00:56:20.940 --> 00:56:21.260
 desert

00:56:21.260 --> 00:56:21.480
 I

00:56:21.480 --> 00:56:21.619
 mean

00:56:21.619 --> 00:56:22.119
 we

00:56:22.119 --> 00:56:22.380
 wouldn't

00:56:22.380 --> 00:56:22.760
 expect

00:56:22.760 --> 00:56:23.079
 to

00:56:23.079 --> 00:56:23.360
 find

00:56:23.360 --> 00:56:23.720
 anything

00:56:23.720 --> 00:56:24.079
 about

00:56:24.079 --> 00:56:24.400
 someone

00:56:24.400 --> 00:56:24.619
 like

00:56:24.619 --> 00:56:24.880
 that

00:56:24.880 --> 00:56:25.099
 from

00:56:25.099 --> 00:56:25.860
 4,000

00:56:25.860 --> 00:56:26.339
 3,000

00:56:26.339 --> 00:56:26.579
 years

00:56:26.579 --> 00:56:26.900
 ago

00:56:26.900 --> 00:56:28.559
 so

00:56:28.559 --> 00:56:29.000
 in

00:56:29.000 --> 00:56:29.279
 some

00:56:29.279 --> 00:56:29.480
 ways

00:56:29.480 --> 00:56:29.659
 we

00:56:29.659 --> 00:56:29.819
 do

00:56:29.819 --> 00:56:30.019
 have

00:56:30.019 --> 00:56:30.199
 some

00:56:30.199 --> 00:56:30.819
 fantastic

00:56:30.819 --> 00:56:31.559
 archaeological

00:56:31.559 --> 00:56:32.179
 discoveries

00:56:32.179 --> 00:56:32.400
 that

00:56:32.400 --> 00:56:32.940
 corroborate

00:56:32.940 --> 00:56:33.199
 certain

00:56:33.199 --> 00:56:33.460
 parts

00:56:33.460 --> 00:56:33.619
 of the

00:56:33.619 --> 00:56:33.739
 Old

00:56:33.739 --> 00:56:34.039
 Testament

00:56:34.039 --> 00:56:34.579
 we

00:56:34.579 --> 00:56:34.799
 also

00:56:34.799 --> 00:56:35.159
 have

00:56:35.159 --> 00:56:36.279
 gaps

00:56:36.279 --> 00:56:36.579
 where

00:56:36.579 --> 00:56:36.719
 we

00:56:36.719 --> 00:56:36.940
 just

00:56:36.940 --> 00:56:37.279
 don't

00:56:37.279 --> 00:56:37.739
 have

00:56:37.739 --> 00:56:38.119
 other

00:56:38.119 --> 00:56:38.539
 sources

00:56:38.539 --> 00:56:38.759
 the

00:56:38.759 --> 00:56:39.019
 sources

00:56:39.019 --> 00:56:39.219
 don't

00:56:39.219 --> 00:56:39.420
 really

00:56:39.420 --> 00:56:39.960
 exist

00:56:39.960 --> 00:56:40.960
 and

00:56:40.960 --> 00:56:41.299
 that's

00:56:41.299 --> 00:56:41.779
 to be

00:56:41.779 --> 00:56:42.199
 expected

00:56:42.199 --> 00:56:42.480
 I

00:56:42.480 --> 00:56:42.579
 mean

00:56:42.579 --> 00:56:42.880
 any

00:56:42.880 --> 00:56:43.400
 part

00:56:43.400 --> 00:56:43.480
 of

00:56:43.480 --> 00:56:43.559
 the

00:56:43.559 --> 00:56:43.739
 world

00:56:43.739 --> 00:56:43.900
 you

00:56:43.900 --> 00:56:44.000
 would

00:56:44.000 --> 00:56:44.319
 expect

00:56:44.319 --> 00:56:44.599
 that

00:56:44.599 --> 00:56:44.779
 in

00:56:44.779 --> 00:56:45.259
 3000

00:56:45.259 --> 00:56:45.559
 BC

00:56:45.559 --> 00:56:45.719
 or

00:56:45.719 --> 00:56:46.119
 1500

00:56:46.119 --> 00:56:46.519
 BC

00:56:46.519 --> 00:56:47.319
 but

00:56:47.319 --> 00:56:47.480
 then

00:56:47.480 --> 00:56:47.639
 we

00:56:47.639 --> 00:56:47.819
 do

00:56:47.819 --> 00:56:48.219
 have

00:56:48.219 --> 00:56:49.019
 places

00:56:49.019 --> 00:56:49.639
 where

00:56:49.639 --> 00:56:50.519
 the

00:56:50.519 --> 00:56:50.739
 big

00:56:50.739 --> 00:56:50.900
 one

00:56:50.900 --> 00:56:51.019
 is

00:56:51.019 --> 00:56:51.420
 probably

00:56:51.420 --> 00:56:51.940
 the

00:56:51.940 --> 00:56:52.420
 exodus

00:56:52.420 --> 00:56:52.920
 in

00:56:52.920 --> 00:56:53.320
 Egypt

00:56:53.320 --> 00:56:53.860
 where

00:56:53.860 --> 00:56:54.679
 the

00:56:54.679 --> 00:56:54.960
 Bible

00:56:54.960 --> 00:56:55.400
 talks

00:56:55.400 --> 00:56:55.800
 about

00:56:55.800 --> 00:56:57.079
 Hebrews

00:56:57.079 --> 00:56:57.460
 being

00:56:57.460 --> 00:56:57.920
 enslaved

00:56:57.920 --> 00:56:58.320
 by the

00:56:58.320 --> 00:56:58.639
 Egyptians

00:56:58.639 --> 00:56:59.259
 and then

00:56:59.259 --> 00:56:59.559
 these

00:56:59.559 --> 00:56:59.860
 terrible

00:56:59.860 --> 00:57:00.219
 plagues

00:57:00.219 --> 00:57:00.519
 coming

00:57:00.519 --> 00:57:00.800
 on

00:57:00.800 --> 00:57:01.059
 and then

00:57:01.059 --> 00:57:01.579
 hundreds

00:57:01.579 --> 00:57:01.800
 of

00:57:01.800 --> 00:57:02.139
 thousands

00:57:02.139 --> 00:57:02.539
 or even

00:57:02.539 --> 00:57:02.800
 like

00:57:02.800 --> 00:57:03.719
 a million

00:57:03.719 --> 00:57:04.559
 Hebrew

00:57:04.559 --> 00:57:05.099
 slaves

00:57:05.099 --> 00:57:05.440
 coming

00:57:05.440 --> 00:57:05.619
 out

00:57:05.619 --> 00:57:05.739
 of

00:57:05.739 --> 00:57:05.980
 Egypt

00:57:05.980 --> 00:57:06.880
 and

00:57:06.880 --> 00:57:07.420
 the

00:57:07.420 --> 00:57:07.800
 problem

00:57:07.800 --> 00:57:08.039
 is

00:57:08.039 --> 00:57:08.340
 that

00:57:08.340 --> 00:57:08.840
 we

00:57:08.840 --> 00:57:09.480
 don't

00:57:09.480 --> 00:57:10.019
 we

00:57:10.019 --> 00:57:10.219
 do

00:57:10.219 --> 00:57:10.420
 have

00:57:10.420 --> 00:57:10.840
 evidence

00:57:10.840 --> 00:57:11.199
 that

00:57:11.199 --> 00:57:11.400
 there

00:57:11.400 --> 00:57:11.719
 were

00:57:11.719 --> 00:57:12.719
 Semitic

00:57:12.719 --> 00:57:13.199
 or

00:57:13.199 --> 00:57:13.460
 West

00:57:13.460 --> 00:57:13.900
 Asian

00:57:13.900 --> 00:57:14.679
 slaves

00:57:14.679 --> 00:57:15.059
 in

00:57:15.059 --> 00:57:15.360
 Egypt

00:57:15.360 --> 00:57:15.659
 who

00:57:15.659 --> 00:57:15.940
 worked

00:57:15.940 --> 00:57:16.119
 as

00:57:16.119 --> 00:57:16.739
 bricklayers

00:57:16.739 --> 00:57:17.759
 and

00:57:17.759 --> 00:57:18.059
 so

00:57:18.059 --> 00:57:19.380
 roughly

00:57:19.380 --> 00:57:19.920
 there's

00:57:19.920 --> 00:57:20.039
 a

00:57:20.039 --> 00:57:20.619
 corroboration

00:57:20.619 --> 00:57:20.880
 there

00:57:20.880 --> 00:57:21.119
 we

00:57:21.119 --> 00:57:21.740
 do

00:57:21.740 --> 00:57:22.180
 have

00:57:22.180 --> 00:57:23.720
 other

00:57:23.720 --> 00:57:24.039
 bits

00:57:24.039 --> 00:57:24.240
 and

00:57:24.240 --> 00:57:24.579
 pieces

00:57:24.579 --> 00:57:24.920
 of

00:57:24.920 --> 00:57:25.440
 suggestive

00:57:25.440 --> 00:57:25.680
 evidence

00:57:25.680 --> 00:57:25.940
 there's

00:57:25.940 --> 00:57:26.059
 a

00:57:26.059 --> 00:57:26.500
 papyrus

00:57:26.500 --> 00:57:26.680
 from

00:57:26.680 --> 00:57:26.960
 Egypt

00:57:26.960 --> 00:57:27.440
 that

00:57:27.440 --> 00:57:27.740
 talks

00:57:27.740 --> 00:57:27.920
 about

00:57:27.920 --> 00:57:28.119
 these

00:57:28.119 --> 00:57:28.500
 terrible

00:57:28.500 --> 00:57:28.960
 plagues

00:57:28.960 --> 00:57:29.180
 being

00:57:29.180 --> 00:57:29.460
 visited

00:57:29.460 --> 00:57:29.740
 upon

00:57:29.740 --> 00:57:29.900
 them

00:57:29.900 --> 00:57:30.019
 that

00:57:30.019 --> 00:57:30.260
 sound

00:57:30.260 --> 00:57:30.700
 roughly

00:57:30.700 --> 00:57:31.079
 like

00:57:31.079 --> 00:57:31.300
 what

00:57:31.300 --> 00:57:31.519
 we

00:57:31.519 --> 00:57:31.900
 find

00:57:31.900 --> 00:57:32.119
 but

00:57:32.119 --> 00:57:32.579
 it's

00:57:32.579 --> 00:57:32.740
 hard

00:57:32.740 --> 00:57:32.920
 to

00:57:32.920 --> 00:57:33.180
 date

00:57:33.180 --> 00:57:33.340
 the

00:57:33.340 --> 00:57:33.920
 papyrus

00:57:33.920 --> 00:57:34.119
 it's

00:57:34.119 --> 00:57:34.240
 hard

00:57:34.240 --> 00:57:34.380
 to

00:57:34.380 --> 00:57:34.660
 know

00:57:34.660 --> 00:57:34.860
 it's

00:57:34.860 --> 00:57:35.019
 being

00:57:35.019 --> 00:57:35.360
 talked

00:57:35.360 --> 00:57:35.740
 about

00:57:35.740 --> 00:57:37.599
 and

00:57:37.599 --> 00:57:37.820
 then

00:57:37.820 --> 00:57:38.400
 to

00:57:38.400 --> 00:57:38.599
 have

00:57:38.599 --> 00:57:38.740
 a

00:57:38.740 --> 00:57:38.940
 million

00:57:38.940 --> 00:57:39.360
 people

00:57:39.360 --> 00:57:39.660
 going

00:57:39.660 --> 00:57:39.880
 through

00:57:39.880 --> 00:57:40.059
 the

00:57:40.059 --> 00:57:40.420
 desert

00:57:40.420 --> 00:57:41.000
 is

00:57:41.000 --> 00:57:42.599
 you

00:57:42.599 --> 00:57:42.740
 would

00:57:42.740 --> 00:57:43.539
 think

00:57:43.539 --> 00:57:43.960
 sources

00:57:43.960 --> 00:57:44.180
 would

00:57:44.180 --> 00:57:44.460
 mention

00:57:44.460 --> 00:57:44.740
 that

00:57:44.740 --> 00:57:45.019
 more

00:57:45.019 --> 00:57:45.200
 than

00:57:45.200 --> 00:57:45.420
 they

00:57:45.420 --> 00:57:46.180
 do

00:57:46.179 --> 00:57:46.460
 although

00:57:46.460 --> 00:57:46.739
 again

00:57:46.739 --> 00:57:46.919
 this

00:57:46.919 --> 00:57:47.039
 is

00:57:47.039 --> 00:57:47.239
 so

00:57:47.239 --> 00:57:47.699
 long

00:57:47.699 --> 00:57:47.980
 ago

00:57:47.980 --> 00:57:49.039
 so

00:57:49.039 --> 00:57:49.379
 there's

00:57:49.379 --> 00:57:49.679
 a couple

00:57:49.679 --> 00:57:50.339
 possibilities

00:57:50.339 --> 00:57:51.519
 one

00:57:51.519 --> 00:57:51.899
 is

00:57:51.899 --> 00:57:52.239
 that

00:57:52.239 --> 00:57:52.960
 the

00:57:52.960 --> 00:57:53.899
 Hebrew

00:57:53.899 --> 00:57:54.239
 in

00:57:54.239 --> 00:57:54.579
 the

00:57:54.579 --> 00:57:54.779
 Hebrew

00:57:54.779 --> 00:57:55.139
 Bible

00:57:55.139 --> 00:57:55.539
 the

00:57:55.539 --> 00:57:57.019
 numbers

00:57:57.019 --> 00:57:57.319
 that

00:57:57.319 --> 00:57:57.460
 are

00:57:57.460 --> 00:57:58.019
 used

00:57:58.019 --> 00:57:58.460
 sometimes

00:57:58.460 --> 00:57:59.159
 ancients

00:57:59.159 --> 00:57:59.399
 didn't

00:57:59.399 --> 00:57:59.559
 use

00:57:59.559 --> 00:57:59.919
 numbers

00:57:59.919 --> 00:58:00.139
 like

00:58:00.139 --> 00:58:00.299
 we

00:58:00.299 --> 00:58:00.460
 do

00:58:00.460 --> 00:58:00.639
 like

00:58:00.639 --> 00:58:00.819
 they

00:58:00.819 --> 00:58:01.019
 did

00:58:01.019 --> 00:58:01.199
 use

00:58:01.199 --> 00:58:01.299
 them

00:58:01.299 --> 00:58:01.480
 for

00:58:01.480 --> 00:58:01.759
 math

00:58:01.759 --> 00:58:01.940
 but

00:58:01.940 --> 00:58:02.219
 sometimes

00:58:02.219 --> 00:58:02.419
 they

00:58:02.419 --> 00:58:02.759
 had

00:58:02.759 --> 00:58:03.099
 deeper

00:58:03.099 --> 00:58:03.419
 meanings

00:58:03.419 --> 00:58:03.619
 like

00:58:03.619 --> 00:58:03.719
 the

00:58:03.719 --> 00:58:03.859
 number

00:58:03.859 --> 00:58:04.239
 40

00:58:04.239 --> 00:58:04.399
 in

00:58:04.399 --> 00:58:04.500
 the

00:58:04.500 --> 00:58:04.779
 Bible

00:58:04.779 --> 00:58:05.579
 sometimes

00:58:05.579 --> 00:58:05.879
 it's

00:58:05.879 --> 00:58:06.099
 like

00:58:06.099 --> 00:58:06.839
 maybe

00:58:06.839 --> 00:58:07.059
 that's

00:58:07.059 --> 00:58:07.179
 not

00:58:07.179 --> 00:58:07.299
 a

00:58:07.299 --> 00:58:07.619
 mathematical

00:58:07.619 --> 00:58:07.960
 term

00:58:07.960 --> 00:58:08.099
 it's

00:58:08.099 --> 00:58:08.239
 a

00:58:08.239 --> 00:58:08.539
 general

00:58:08.539 --> 00:58:08.960
 term

00:58:08.960 --> 00:58:09.940
 so

00:58:09.940 --> 00:58:10.119
 some

00:58:10.119 --> 00:58:10.299
 people

00:58:10.299 --> 00:58:10.559
 think

00:58:10.559 --> 00:58:10.919
 that's

00:58:10.920 --> 00:58:11.000
 what

00:58:40.920 --> 00:58:42.500
 can

00:58:42.500 --> 00:58:42.780
 also

00:58:42.780 --> 00:58:43.019
 be

00:58:43.019 --> 00:58:43.579
 translated

00:58:43.579 --> 00:58:44.559
 as

00:58:44.559 --> 00:58:45.639
 clan

00:58:45.639 --> 00:58:45.960
 or

00:58:45.960 --> 00:58:46.559
 family

00:58:46.559 --> 00:58:47.360
 and

00:58:47.360 --> 00:58:47.579
 so

00:58:47.579 --> 00:58:47.860
 it

00:58:47.860 --> 00:58:48.180
 could

00:58:48.180 --> 00:58:48.420
 be

00:58:48.420 --> 00:58:48.619
 that

00:58:48.619 --> 00:58:48.840
 what's

00:58:48.840 --> 00:58:49.019
 going

00:58:49.019 --> 00:58:49.240
 on

00:58:49.240 --> 00:58:49.420
 here

00:58:49.420 --> 00:58:49.559
 is

00:58:49.559 --> 00:58:49.740
 that

00:58:49.740 --> 00:58:51.260
 it's

00:58:51.260 --> 00:58:51.639
 meant

00:58:51.639 --> 00:58:51.880
 to

00:58:51.880 --> 00:58:52.079
 say

00:58:52.079 --> 00:58:52.680
 600

00:58:52.680 --> 00:58:53.980
 families

00:58:53.980 --> 00:58:54.220
 or

00:58:54.220 --> 00:58:54.680
 600

00:58:54.680 --> 00:58:55.900
 clans

00:58:55.900 --> 00:58:56.460
 which

00:58:56.460 --> 00:58:56.599
 is

00:58:56.599 --> 00:58:56.980
 significantly

00:58:56.980 --> 00:58:57.360
 less

00:58:57.360 --> 00:58:57.740
 than

00:58:57.740 --> 00:58:58.360
 a

00:58:58.360 --> 00:58:58.579
 million

00:58:58.579 --> 00:58:58.940
 people

00:58:58.940 --> 00:58:59.280
 so

00:58:59.280 --> 00:59:00.260
 but

00:59:00.260 --> 00:59:00.460
 these

00:59:00.460 --> 00:59:00.559
 are

00:59:00.559 --> 00:59:00.820
 things

00:59:00.820 --> 00:59:01.019
 we're

00:59:01.019 --> 00:59:01.360
 still

00:59:01.360 --> 00:59:01.760
 waiting

00:59:01.760 --> 00:59:01.940
 to

00:59:01.940 --> 00:59:02.320
 discover

00:59:02.320 --> 00:59:03.260
 you've

00:59:03.260 --> 00:59:03.400
 seen

00:59:03.400 --> 00:59:03.519
 in

00:59:03.519 --> 00:59:03.599
 the

00:59:03.599 --> 00:59:03.720
 New

00:59:03.720 --> 00:59:04.019
 Testament

00:59:04.019 --> 00:59:04.220
 I

00:59:04.220 --> 00:59:04.300
 mean

00:59:04.300 --> 00:59:04.440
 if

00:59:04.440 --> 00:59:04.740
 we

00:59:04.740 --> 00:59:05.260
 gave

00:59:05.260 --> 00:59:05.440
 this

00:59:05.440 --> 00:59:05.680
 talk

00:59:05.680 --> 00:59:05.940
 100

00:59:05.940 --> 00:59:06.200
 years

00:59:06.200 --> 00:59:06.480
 ago

00:59:06.480 --> 00:59:07.420
 Lysanius

00:59:07.420 --> 00:59:07.559
 the

00:59:07.559 --> 00:59:07.940
 Tetrarch

00:59:07.940 --> 00:59:08.119
 the

00:59:08.119 --> 00:59:08.340
 pool

00:59:08.340 --> 00:59:08.480
 of

00:59:08.480 --> 00:59:09.019
 Bethesda

00:59:10.920 --> 00:59:11.280
 all of

00:59:11.280 --> 00:59:11.440
 these

00:59:11.440 --> 00:59:11.800
 things

00:59:11.800 --> 00:59:12.380
 that

00:59:12.380 --> 00:59:12.519
 would

00:59:12.519 --> 00:59:12.659
 be

00:59:12.659 --> 00:59:13.360
 explicitly

00:59:13.360 --> 00:59:14.099
 contradicted

00:59:14.099 --> 00:59:14.840
 seemingly

00:59:14.840 --> 00:59:15.659
 by the

00:59:15.659 --> 00:59:16.039
 historical

00:59:16.039 --> 00:59:16.440
 record

00:59:16.440 --> 00:59:17.000
 but

00:59:17.000 --> 00:59:17.380
 later

00:59:17.380 --> 00:59:17.980
 excavations

00:59:17.980 --> 00:59:18.159
 have

00:59:18.159 --> 00:59:18.579
 discovered

00:59:18.579 --> 00:59:18.880
 that

00:59:18.880 --> 00:59:19.380
 actually

00:59:19.380 --> 00:59:20.280
 we've

00:59:20.280 --> 00:59:20.440
 either

00:59:20.440 --> 00:59:21.139
 misinterpreted

00:59:21.139 --> 00:59:21.240
 the

00:59:21.240 --> 00:59:21.579
 historical

00:59:21.579 --> 00:59:21.860
 record

00:59:21.860 --> 00:59:22.059
 or

00:59:22.059 --> 00:59:22.760
 sometimes

00:59:22.760 --> 00:59:23.900
 most of

00:59:23.900 --> 00:59:24.159
 the time

00:59:24.159 --> 00:59:24.360
 we've

00:59:24.360 --> 00:59:24.740
 interpreted

00:59:24.740 --> 00:59:24.940
 it

00:59:24.940 --> 00:59:25.400
 correctly

00:59:25.400 --> 00:59:26.220
 it's

00:59:26.220 --> 00:59:26.440
 just

00:59:26.440 --> 00:59:26.780
 there

00:59:26.780 --> 00:59:26.920
 was

00:59:26.920 --> 00:59:27.200
 another

00:59:27.200 --> 00:59:27.579
 event

00:59:27.579 --> 00:59:27.740
 or

00:59:27.740 --> 00:59:27.860
 there

00:59:27.860 --> 00:59:28.000
 was

00:59:28.000 --> 00:59:28.260
 something

00:59:28.260 --> 00:59:28.539
 else

00:59:28.539 --> 00:59:28.800
 that

00:59:28.800 --> 00:59:29.599
 happened

00:59:29.599 --> 00:59:29.820
 that

00:59:29.820 --> 00:59:29.940
 we

00:59:29.940 --> 00:59:30.139
 didn't

00:59:30.139 --> 00:59:30.340
 know

00:59:30.340 --> 00:59:30.599
 about

00:59:30.599 --> 00:59:31.440
 so

00:59:31.440 --> 00:59:31.940
 I

00:59:31.940 --> 00:59:32.119
 would

00:59:32.119 --> 00:59:32.380
 say

00:59:32.380 --> 00:59:32.680
 that

00:59:32.680 --> 00:59:33.039
 for

00:59:33.039 --> 00:59:33.159
 the

00:59:33.159 --> 00:59:33.280
 Old

00:59:33.280 --> 00:59:33.599
 Testament

00:59:33.599 --> 00:59:34.420
 it's

00:59:34.420 --> 00:59:34.920
 very

00:59:34.920 --> 00:59:35.320
 good

00:59:35.320 --> 00:59:35.840
 by

00:59:35.840 --> 00:59:36.500
 very

00:59:36.500 --> 00:59:36.840
 ancient

00:59:36.840 --> 00:59:37.280
 historical

00:59:37.280 --> 00:59:37.800
 standards

00:59:37.800 --> 00:59:38.800
 but

00:59:38.800 --> 00:59:39.140
 it's

00:59:39.140 --> 00:59:39.360
 not

00:59:39.360 --> 00:59:39.519
 as

00:59:39.519 --> 00:59:39.640
 good

00:59:39.640 --> 00:59:39.740
 as

00:59:39.740 --> 00:59:39.860
 the

00:59:39.860 --> 00:59:39.980
 New

00:59:39.980 --> 00:59:40.280
 Testament

00:59:40.280 --> 00:59:40.580
 which

00:59:40.580 --> 00:59:40.780
 is

00:59:40.780 --> 00:59:41.480
 you

00:59:41.480 --> 00:59:41.620
 would

00:59:41.620 --> 00:59:42.019
 expect

00:59:42.019 --> 00:59:42.340
 a

00:59:42.340 --> 00:59:42.680
 higher

00:59:42.680 --> 00:59:43.080
 level

00:59:43.080 --> 00:59:43.539
 of

00:59:43.539 --> 00:59:44.300
 corroboration

00:59:44.300 --> 00:59:44.580
 given

00:59:44.580 --> 00:59:44.760
 that

00:59:44.760 --> 00:59:44.960
 it's

00:59:44.960 --> 00:59:45.360
 earlier

00:59:45.360 --> 00:59:45.600
 in

00:59:45.600 --> 00:59:45.940
 time

00:59:45.940 --> 00:59:48.820
 yeah

00:59:48.820 --> 00:59:49.440
 so

00:59:49.440 --> 00:59:50.000
 we're

00:59:50.000 --> 00:59:50.180
 just

00:59:50.180 --> 00:59:50.320
 going

00:59:50.320 --> 00:59:50.400
 to

00:59:50.400 --> 00:59:50.560
 have

00:59:50.560 --> 00:59:50.740
 to

00:59:50.740 --> 00:59:51.100
 trust

00:59:51.100 --> 00:59:51.519
 God

00:59:51.519 --> 00:59:52.019
 guys

00:59:52.019 --> 00:59:52.660
 that

00:59:52.660 --> 00:59:52.900
 he's

00:59:52.900 --> 00:59:53.380
 faithful

00:59:53.380 --> 00:59:54.180
 yeah

00:59:54.180 --> 00:59:54.580
 you know

00:59:54.580 --> 00:59:54.860
 if it

00:59:54.860 --> 00:59:55.000
 was

00:59:55.000 --> 00:59:55.160
 good

00:59:55.160 --> 00:59:55.360
 enough

00:59:55.360 --> 00:59:55.539
 for

00:59:55.539 --> 00:59:55.860
 Jesus

00:59:55.860 --> 00:59:56.380
 it's

00:59:56.380 --> 00:59:56.519
 good

00:59:56.519 --> 00:59:56.700
 enough

00:59:56.700 --> 00:59:56.840
 for

00:59:56.840 --> 00:59:57.060
 me

00:59:57.060 --> 00:59:58.280
 yeah

00:59:58.280 --> 01:00:00.019
 you

01:00:00.019 --> 01:00:00.320
 mentioned

01:00:00.320 --> 01:00:00.680
 really

01:00:00.680 --> 01:00:01.300
 at

01:00:01.300 --> 01:00:01.620
 the

01:00:01.620 --> 01:00:01.940
 beginning

01:00:01.940 --> 01:00:02.140
 this

01:00:02.140 --> 01:00:02.360
 talk

01:00:02.360 --> 01:00:02.720
 about

01:00:02.720 --> 01:00:03.800
 the

01:00:03.800 --> 01:00:04.280
 resurrection

01:00:04.280 --> 01:00:04.740
 as

01:00:04.740 --> 01:00:04.860
 an

01:00:04.860 --> 01:00:05.120
 event

01:00:05.120 --> 01:00:05.480
 that

01:00:05.480 --> 01:00:06.900
 banks

01:00:06.900 --> 01:00:07.539
 extraordinary

01:00:07.539 --> 01:00:08.060
 evidence

01:00:08.059 --> 01:00:09.739
 is

01:00:09.739 --> 01:00:10.000
 there

01:00:10.000 --> 01:00:10.559
 any

01:00:10.559 --> 01:00:11.279
 plan

01:00:11.279 --> 01:00:11.480
 down

01:00:11.480 --> 01:00:11.579
 the

01:00:11.579 --> 01:00:11.860
 pipe

01:00:11.860 --> 01:00:12.559
 for

01:00:12.559 --> 01:00:13.000
 a

01:00:13.000 --> 01:00:13.259
 class

01:00:13.259 --> 01:00:13.619
 about

01:00:13.619 --> 01:00:14.119
 that

01:00:14.119 --> 01:00:14.699
 oh

01:00:14.699 --> 01:00:15.119
 we

01:00:15.119 --> 01:00:15.279
 could

01:00:15.279 --> 01:00:15.420
 do

01:00:15.420 --> 01:00:15.599
 that

01:00:15.599 --> 01:00:15.860
 yeah

01:00:15.860 --> 01:00:16.199
 yeah

01:00:16.199 --> 01:00:16.460
 it's

01:00:16.460 --> 01:00:16.679
 class

01:00:16.679 --> 01:00:16.820
 about

01:00:16.820 --> 01:00:16.940
 the

01:00:16.940 --> 01:00:17.219
 resurrection

01:00:17.219 --> 01:00:17.559
 yes

01:00:17.559 --> 01:00:17.960
 I

01:00:17.960 --> 01:00:18.480
 love

01:00:18.480 --> 01:00:18.739
 looking

01:00:18.739 --> 01:00:19.019
 at

01:00:19.019 --> 01:00:19.559
 the

01:00:19.559 --> 01:00:20.019
 five

01:00:20.019 --> 01:00:20.159
 or

01:00:20.159 --> 01:00:20.380
 six

01:00:20.380 --> 01:00:20.699
 accounts

01:00:20.699 --> 01:00:20.820
 of

01:00:20.820 --> 01:00:20.920
 the

01:00:20.920 --> 01:00:21.259
 resurrection

01:00:21.259 --> 01:00:21.500
 that

01:00:21.500 --> 01:00:21.619
 we

01:00:21.619 --> 01:00:21.860
 have

01:00:21.860 --> 01:00:22.259
 in

01:00:22.259 --> 01:00:22.380
 the

01:00:22.380 --> 01:00:22.619
 Bible

01:00:22.619 --> 01:00:23.579
 I

01:00:23.579 --> 01:00:23.739
 didn't

01:00:23.739 --> 01:00:23.859
 have

01:00:23.859 --> 01:00:24.039
 time

01:00:24.039 --> 01:00:24.159
 to

01:00:24.159 --> 01:00:24.279
 bring

01:00:24.279 --> 01:00:24.440
 that

01:00:24.440 --> 01:00:24.679
 up

01:00:24.679 --> 01:00:25.380
 but

01:00:25.380 --> 01:00:26.339
 people

01:00:26.339 --> 01:00:26.579
 will

01:00:26.579 --> 01:00:26.839
 often

01:00:26.839 --> 01:00:27.380
 claim

01:00:27.380 --> 01:00:27.719
 that

01:00:27.719 --> 01:00:27.920
 when

01:00:27.920 --> 01:00:28.059
 you

01:00:28.059 --> 01:00:28.420
 read

01:00:28.420 --> 01:00:28.599
 the

01:00:28.599 --> 01:00:29.000
 accounts

01:00:29.000 --> 01:00:29.159
 of

01:00:29.159 --> 01:00:29.359
 Jesus

01:00:29.359 --> 01:00:29.980
 resurrection

01:00:29.980 --> 01:00:30.299
 so

01:00:30.299 --> 01:00:30.420
 you

01:00:30.420 --> 01:00:30.659
 get

01:00:30.659 --> 01:00:31.299
 Matthew

01:00:31.299 --> 01:00:31.579
 Mark

01:00:31.579 --> 01:00:31.759
 Luke

01:00:31.759 --> 01:00:31.920
 and

01:00:31.920 --> 01:00:32.199
 John

01:00:32.199 --> 01:00:32.400
 give

01:00:32.400 --> 01:00:32.500
 an

01:00:32.500 --> 01:00:32.819
 account

01:00:32.819 --> 01:00:33.500
 Paul

01:00:33.500 --> 01:00:33.739
 gives

01:00:33.739 --> 01:00:33.839
 an

01:00:33.839 --> 01:00:34.179
 account

01:00:34.179 --> 01:00:34.420
 and

01:00:34.420 --> 01:00:35.299
 Luke

01:00:35.299 --> 01:00:35.559
 gives

01:00:35.559 --> 01:00:35.659
 an

01:00:35.659 --> 01:00:35.900
 account

01:00:35.900 --> 01:00:36.380
 again

01:00:36.380 --> 01:00:36.539
 in

01:00:36.539 --> 01:00:36.639
 the

01:00:36.639 --> 01:00:36.759
 book

01:00:36.759 --> 01:00:36.900
 of

01:00:36.900 --> 01:00:37.139
 Acts

01:00:37.139 --> 01:00:37.299
 so

01:00:37.299 --> 01:00:37.480
 there's

01:00:37.480 --> 01:00:37.679
 kind

01:00:37.679 --> 01:00:37.819
 of

01:00:37.819 --> 01:00:38.460
 six

01:00:38.460 --> 01:00:39.179
 of

01:00:39.179 --> 01:00:39.440
 these

01:00:39.440 --> 01:00:39.679
 and

01:00:39.679 --> 01:00:39.960
 people

01:00:39.960 --> 01:00:40.139
 will

01:00:40.139 --> 01:00:40.359
 claim

01:00:40.359 --> 01:00:40.539
 that

01:00:40.539 --> 01:00:40.739
 these

01:00:40.739 --> 01:00:41.000
 are

01:00:41.000 --> 01:00:42.380
 irreconcilable

01:00:42.380 --> 01:00:42.739
 with

01:00:42.739 --> 01:00:43.259
 one

01:00:43.259 --> 01:00:43.579
 another

01:00:43.579 --> 01:00:43.799
 and

01:00:43.799 --> 01:00:44.079
 they

01:00:44.079 --> 01:00:44.980
 are

01:00:44.980 --> 01:00:45.359
 inherently

01:00:45.359 --> 01:00:45.940
 contradictory

01:00:45.940 --> 01:00:46.940
 and

01:00:46.940 --> 01:00:47.579
 I

01:00:47.579 --> 01:00:47.820
 think

01:00:47.820 --> 01:00:48.420
 actually

01:00:48.420 --> 01:00:48.820
 it's

01:00:48.820 --> 01:00:49.059
 quite

01:00:49.059 --> 01:00:49.579
 the

01:00:49.579 --> 01:00:49.900
 opposite

01:00:49.900 --> 01:00:50.200
 I

01:00:50.200 --> 01:00:50.400
 think

01:00:50.400 --> 01:00:50.820
 they

01:00:50.820 --> 01:00:51.240
 actually

01:00:51.240 --> 01:00:51.559
 work

01:00:51.559 --> 01:00:51.940
 together

01:00:51.940 --> 01:00:52.380
 very

01:00:52.380 --> 01:00:52.940
 well

01:00:52.940 --> 01:00:53.599
 and

01:00:53.599 --> 01:00:53.740
 are

01:00:53.740 --> 01:00:54.079
 what

01:00:54.079 --> 01:00:54.420
 you

01:00:54.420 --> 01:00:54.559
 would

01:00:54.559 --> 01:00:55.139
 expect

01:00:55.139 --> 01:00:56.240
 if you

01:00:56.240 --> 01:00:56.619
 watch

01:00:56.619 --> 01:00:57.480
 true

01:00:57.480 --> 01:00:57.780
 crime

01:00:57.780 --> 01:00:58.139
 shows

01:00:58.139 --> 01:00:58.300
 and

01:00:58.300 --> 01:00:58.599
 detective

01:00:58.599 --> 01:00:58.960
 stories

01:00:58.960 --> 01:00:59.099
 and

01:00:59.099 --> 01:00:59.320
 people

01:00:59.320 --> 01:00:59.559
 have

01:00:59.559 --> 01:01:00.099
 different

01:01:00.099 --> 01:01:00.420
 versions

01:01:00.420 --> 01:01:00.539
 of

01:01:00.539 --> 01:01:00.780
 events

01:01:00.780 --> 01:01:01.039
 it

01:01:01.039 --> 01:01:01.260
 sounds

01:01:01.260 --> 01:01:01.720
 exactly

01:01:01.720 --> 01:01:02.000
 like

01:01:02.000 --> 01:01:02.159
 that

01:01:02.159 --> 01:01:02.320
 where

01:01:02.320 --> 01:01:02.599
 people

01:01:02.599 --> 01:01:02.800
 are

01:01:02.800 --> 01:01:03.320
 saying

01:01:03.320 --> 01:01:03.840
 stuff

01:01:03.840 --> 01:01:04.220
 and

01:01:04.220 --> 01:01:05.480
 the

01:01:05.480 --> 01:01:06.599
 way

01:01:06.599 --> 01:01:06.780
 they're

01:01:06.780 --> 01:01:07.220
 portraying

01:01:07.220 --> 01:01:07.639
 events

01:01:07.639 --> 01:01:08.280
 is

01:01:08.280 --> 01:01:09.440
 individual

01:01:09.440 --> 01:01:10.400
 from

01:01:10.400 --> 01:01:10.559
 their

01:01:10.559 --> 01:01:10.960
 perspective

01:01:10.960 --> 01:01:11.260
 but

01:01:11.260 --> 01:01:11.400
 they

01:01:11.400 --> 01:01:11.679
 also

01:01:11.679 --> 01:01:12.179
 complement

01:01:12.179 --> 01:01:12.400
 one

01:01:12.400 --> 01:01:12.599
 another

01:01:12.599 --> 01:01:12.840
 very

01:01:12.840 --> 01:01:13.260
 well

01:01:13.260 --> 01:01:13.900
 we

01:01:13.900 --> 01:01:14.019
 can

01:01:14.019 --> 01:01:14.200
 talk

01:01:14.200 --> 01:01:14.320
 more

01:01:14.320 --> 01:01:14.460
 about

01:01:14.460 --> 01:01:14.559
 that

01:01:14.559 --> 01:01:14.659
 if

01:01:14.659 --> 01:01:18.799
 five

01:01:18.799 --> 01:01:19.179
 people

01:01:19.179 --> 01:01:19.399
 for

01:01:19.399 --> 01:01:19.579
 me

01:01:19.579 --> 01:01:19.819
 are

01:01:19.819 --> 01:01:20.139
 saying

01:01:20.139 --> 01:01:20.359
 the

01:01:20.359 --> 01:01:20.639
 same

01:01:20.639 --> 01:01:20.980
 thing

01:01:20.980 --> 01:01:21.539
 exactly

01:01:21.539 --> 01:01:21.899
 word

01:01:21.899 --> 01:01:22.059
 for

01:01:22.059 --> 01:01:22.359
 word

01:01:22.359 --> 01:01:23.119
 for

01:01:23.119 --> 01:01:23.239
 me

01:01:23.239 --> 01:01:23.399
 they're

01:01:23.399 --> 01:01:23.719
 lying

01:01:23.719 --> 01:01:25.299
 they're

01:01:25.299 --> 01:01:25.839
 colluding

01:01:25.839 --> 01:01:26.339
 I know

01:01:26.339 --> 01:01:27.059
 there's

01:01:27.059 --> 01:01:27.579
 a great

01:01:27.579 --> 01:01:28.139
 if we

01:01:28.139 --> 01:01:28.379
 do a

01:01:28.379 --> 01:01:28.639
 class

01:01:28.639 --> 01:01:28.759
 I'll

01:01:28.759 --> 01:01:28.899
 bring

01:01:28.899 --> 01:01:29.059
 this

01:01:29.059 --> 01:01:29.199
 up

01:01:29.199 --> 01:01:29.480
 there's

01:01:29.480 --> 01:01:29.639
 a

01:01:29.639 --> 01:01:30.219
 wonderful

01:01:30.219 --> 01:01:31.039
 article

01:01:31.039 --> 01:01:31.319
 do you

01:01:31.319 --> 01:01:31.480
 remember

01:01:31.480 --> 01:01:31.679
 that

01:01:31.679 --> 01:01:32.079
 famous

01:01:32.079 --> 01:01:32.559
 picture

01:01:32.559 --> 01:01:32.779
 it's

01:01:32.779 --> 01:01:32.960
 called

01:01:32.960 --> 01:01:33.119
 the

01:01:33.119 --> 01:01:33.359
 tank

01:01:33.359 --> 01:01:33.559
 man

01:01:33.559 --> 01:01:33.940
 picture

01:01:33.940 --> 01:01:34.199
 in

01:01:34.199 --> 01:01:34.519
 Tiananmen

01:01:34.519 --> 01:01:34.879
 square

01:01:34.879 --> 01:01:35.059
 in

01:01:35.059 --> 01:01:35.139
 the

01:01:35.139 --> 01:01:35.440
 80s

01:01:35.440 --> 01:01:35.559
 where

01:01:35.559 --> 01:01:35.719
 that

01:01:35.719 --> 01:01:35.960
 man

01:01:35.960 --> 01:01:36.119
 is

01:01:36.119 --> 01:01:36.379
 standing

01:01:36.379 --> 01:01:36.539
 in

01:01:36.539 --> 01:01:36.599
 front

01:01:36.599 --> 01:01:36.679
 of

01:01:36.679 --> 01:01:36.759
 the

01:01:36.759 --> 01:01:36.960
 tanks

01:01:36.960 --> 01:01:37.819
 well

01:01:37.819 --> 01:01:38.079
 the

01:01:38.079 --> 01:01:38.199
 New

01:01:38.199 --> 01:01:38.339
 York

01:01:38.339 --> 01:01:38.739
 Times

01:01:38.739 --> 01:01:39.179
 did

01:01:39.179 --> 01:01:39.319
 a

01:01:39.319 --> 01:01:39.599
 30

01:01:39.599 --> 01:01:39.779
 or

01:01:44.659 --> 01:01:45.239
 four

01:01:45.239 --> 01:01:45.819
 pictures

01:01:45.819 --> 01:01:46.039
 by

01:01:46.039 --> 01:01:46.279
 four

01:01:46.279 --> 01:01:46.480
 different

01:01:46.480 --> 01:01:46.940
 photographers

01:01:46.940 --> 01:01:47.199
 of

01:01:47.199 --> 01:01:47.359
 that

01:01:47.359 --> 01:01:47.579
 man

01:01:47.579 --> 01:01:48.559
 and

01:01:48.559 --> 01:01:49.239
 they

01:01:49.239 --> 01:01:49.480
 all

01:01:49.480 --> 01:01:49.719
 show

01:01:49.719 --> 01:01:50.019
 slightly

01:01:50.019 --> 01:01:50.259
 different

01:01:50.259 --> 01:01:50.699
 perspectives

01:01:50.699 --> 01:01:50.960
 and

01:01:50.960 --> 01:01:51.079
 the

01:01:51.079 --> 01:01:51.159
 New

01:01:51.159 --> 01:01:51.259
 York

01:01:51.259 --> 01:01:51.460
 Times

01:01:51.460 --> 01:01:51.819
 went

01:01:51.819 --> 01:01:52.059
 and

01:01:52.059 --> 01:01:52.420
 interviewed

01:01:52.420 --> 01:01:52.779
 each

01:01:52.779 --> 01:01:52.899
 of

01:01:52.899 --> 01:01:53.039
 those

01:01:53.039 --> 01:01:53.559
 photographers

01:01:53.559 --> 01:01:53.839
 like

01:01:53.839 --> 01:01:54.079
 30

01:01:54.079 --> 01:01:54.239
 years

01:01:54.239 --> 01:01:54.460
 later

01:01:54.460 --> 01:01:54.559
 and

01:01:54.559 --> 01:01:54.679
 was

01:01:54.679 --> 01:01:54.799
 like

01:01:54.799 --> 01:01:55.019
 tell

01:01:55.019 --> 01:01:55.139
 us

01:01:55.139 --> 01:01:55.239
 what

01:01:55.239 --> 01:01:55.519
 happened

01:01:55.519 --> 01:01:56.239
 and

01:01:56.239 --> 01:01:56.440
 then

01:01:56.440 --> 01:01:56.960
 they

01:01:56.960 --> 01:01:57.179
 each

01:01:57.179 --> 01:01:57.339
 wrote

01:01:57.339 --> 01:01:57.460
 a

01:01:57.460 --> 01:01:57.719
 paragraph

01:01:57.719 --> 01:01:58.159
 or two

01:01:58.159 --> 01:01:58.379
 about

01:01:58.379 --> 01:01:58.699
 what

01:01:58.699 --> 01:01:59.159
 happened

01:01:59.159 --> 01:01:59.940
 and

01:01:59.940 --> 01:02:00.500
 comparing

01:02:00.500 --> 01:02:00.819
 these

01:02:00.819 --> 01:02:01.059
 four

01:02:01.059 --> 01:02:01.379
 together

01:02:01.379 --> 01:02:01.619
 it

01:02:01.619 --> 01:02:01.819
 was

01:02:01.819 --> 01:02:02.519
 amazing

01:02:02.519 --> 01:02:02.759
 like

01:02:02.759 --> 01:02:03.000
 one

01:02:03.000 --> 01:02:03.099
 of

01:02:03.099 --> 01:02:03.219
 them

01:02:03.219 --> 01:02:03.539
 says

01:02:03.539 --> 01:02:04.539
 the

01:02:04.539 --> 01:02:05.159
 police

01:02:05.159 --> 01:02:05.500
 came

01:02:05.500 --> 01:02:05.639
 and

01:02:05.639 --> 01:02:05.779
 took

01:02:05.779 --> 01:02:05.899
 them

01:02:05.899 --> 01:02:06.079
 away

01:02:06.079 --> 01:02:06.460
 another

01:02:06.460 --> 01:02:06.799
 says

01:02:06.799 --> 01:02:07.099
 people

01:02:07.099 --> 01:02:07.279
 from

01:02:07.279 --> 01:02:07.420
 the

01:02:07.420 --> 01:02:07.759
 crowd

01:02:07.759 --> 01:02:08.079
 came

01:02:08.079 --> 01:02:08.199
 and

01:02:08.199 --> 01:02:08.319
 took

01:02:08.319 --> 01:02:08.460
 the

01:02:08.460 --> 01:02:08.579
 man

01:02:08.579 --> 01:02:08.719
 away

01:02:08.719 --> 01:02:09.179
 another

01:02:09.179 --> 01:02:09.480
 says

01:02:09.480 --> 01:02:09.679
 it

01:02:09.679 --> 01:02:09.839
 was

01:02:09.839 --> 01:02:10.039
 the

01:02:10.039 --> 01:02:10.319
 secret

01:02:10.319 --> 01:02:10.659
 police

01:02:10.659 --> 01:02:10.839
 that

01:02:10.839 --> 01:02:11.039
 came

01:02:11.039 --> 01:02:11.139
 and

01:02:11.139 --> 01:02:11.259
 took

01:02:11.259 --> 01:02:11.360
 him

01:02:11.360 --> 01:02:11.480
 away

01:02:11.480 --> 01:02:11.579
 and

01:02:11.579 --> 01:02:11.659
 you

01:02:11.659 --> 01:02:11.860
 start

01:02:11.860 --> 01:02:12.119
 thinking

01:02:12.119 --> 01:02:12.339
 like

01:02:12.339 --> 01:02:12.679
 well

01:02:12.679 --> 01:02:13.299
 if it

01:02:13.299 --> 01:02:13.400
 was

01:02:13.400 --> 01:02:13.519
 the

01:02:13.519 --> 01:02:13.739
 secret

01:02:13.739 --> 01:02:14.039
 police

01:02:14.039 --> 01:02:14.199
 they

01:02:14.199 --> 01:02:14.319
 would

01:02:14.319 --> 01:02:14.400
 have

01:02:14.400 --> 01:02:14.559
 looked

01:02:14.559 --> 01:02:14.719
 like

01:02:14.719 --> 01:02:14.940
 people

01:02:14.940 --> 01:02:15.099
 from

01:02:15.099 --> 01:02:15.219
 the

01:02:15.219 --> 01:02:15.519
 crowd

01:02:15.519 --> 01:02:16.159
 and

01:02:16.159 --> 01:02:16.940
 one

01:02:16.940 --> 01:02:17.119
 guy

01:02:17.119 --> 01:02:17.380
 says

01:02:17.380 --> 01:02:17.519
 he

01:02:17.519 --> 01:02:17.699
 was

01:02:17.699 --> 01:02:18.039
 holding

01:02:18.039 --> 01:02:19.339
 bags

01:02:19.339 --> 01:02:19.960
 another

01:02:19.960 --> 01:02:20.299
 says

01:02:20.299 --> 01:02:20.420
 he

01:02:20.420 --> 01:02:20.559
 was

01:02:20.559 --> 01:02:20.759
 only

01:02:20.759 --> 01:02:21.079
 holding

01:02:21.079 --> 01:02:21.239
 a

01:02:21.239 --> 01:02:21.719
 bag

01:02:21.719 --> 01:02:22.079
 you

01:02:22.079 --> 01:02:22.159
 know

01:02:22.159 --> 01:02:22.420
 plural

01:02:22.420 --> 01:02:22.659
 verse

01:02:22.659 --> 01:02:22.920
 singular

01:02:22.920 --> 01:02:23.119
 and

01:02:23.119 --> 01:02:23.199
 you

01:02:23.199 --> 01:02:23.339
 look

01:02:23.339 --> 01:02:23.420
 at

01:02:23.420 --> 01:02:23.519
 the

01:02:23.519 --> 01:02:23.819
 pictures

01:02:23.819 --> 01:02:24.420
 and

01:02:24.420 --> 01:02:24.699
 some

01:02:24.699 --> 01:02:25.019
 pictures

01:02:25.019 --> 01:02:25.179
 it

01:02:25.179 --> 01:02:25.339
 looks

01:02:25.339 --> 01:02:25.480
 like

01:02:25.480 --> 01:02:25.579
 he

01:02:25.579 --> 01:02:25.659
 is

01:02:25.659 --> 01:02:26.000
 holding

01:02:26.000 --> 01:02:26.219
 one

01:02:26.219 --> 01:02:26.500
 bag

01:02:26.500 --> 01:02:26.619
 but

01:02:26.619 --> 01:02:26.839
 other

01:02:26.839 --> 01:02:27.199
 pictures

01:02:27.199 --> 01:02:27.359
 it

01:02:27.359 --> 01:02:27.379
 is

01:02:27.379 --> 01:02:27.480
 like

01:02:27.480 --> 01:02:27.619
 no

01:02:27.619 --> 01:02:27.699
 he

01:02:27.699 --> 01:02:27.759
 has

01:02:27.759 --> 01:02:27.940
 a

01:02:27.940 --> 01:02:28.259
 clump

01:02:28.259 --> 01:02:28.440
 of

01:02:28.440 --> 01:02:28.859
 bags

01:02:28.859 --> 01:02:29.099
 right

01:02:29.099 --> 01:02:29.239
 there

01:02:29.239 --> 01:02:29.379
 and

01:02:29.379 --> 01:02:29.539
 so

01:02:29.539 --> 01:02:30.440
 all

01:02:30.440 --> 01:02:30.599
 of

01:02:30.599 --> 01:02:30.819
 these

01:02:30.819 --> 01:02:31.159
 they

01:02:31.159 --> 01:02:31.579
 work

01:02:31.579 --> 01:02:32.059
 together

01:02:32.059 --> 01:02:32.199
 and

01:02:32.199 --> 01:02:32.339
 it's

01:02:32.339 --> 01:02:32.799
 exactly

01:02:32.799 --> 01:02:33.259
 I

01:02:33.259 --> 01:02:33.519
 think

01:02:33.519 --> 01:02:33.719
 it

01:02:33.719 --> 01:02:34.179
 lines up

01:02:34.179 --> 01:02:34.440
 with

01:02:34.440 --> 01:02:34.940
 those

01:02:34.940 --> 01:02:35.539
 photographers

01:02:35.539 --> 01:02:36.279
 in Tiananmen

01:02:36.279 --> 01:02:36.559
 Square

01:02:36.559 --> 01:02:37.339
 I

01:02:37.339 --> 01:02:37.500
 think

01:02:37.500 --> 01:02:37.659
 the

01:02:37.659 --> 01:02:38.059
 testimony

01:02:38.059 --> 01:02:38.839
 ends

01:02:38.839 --> 01:02:39.000
 up

01:02:39.000 --> 01:02:39.179
 like

01:02:39.179 --> 01:02:39.440
 that

01:02:39.440 --> 01:02:39.619
 where

01:02:39.619 --> 01:02:39.819
 they

01:02:39.819 --> 01:02:40.399
 compliment

01:02:40.399 --> 01:02:40.659
 and

01:02:40.659 --> 01:02:40.940
 actually

01:02:40.940 --> 01:02:41.579
 inform

01:02:41.579 --> 01:02:41.779
 one

01:02:41.779 --> 01:02:42.079
 another

01:02:42.079 --> 01:02:43.119
 instead

01:02:43.119 --> 01:02:43.319
 of

01:02:43.319 --> 01:02:43.639
 contradict

01:02:43.639 --> 01:02:43.899
 one

01:02:43.899 --> 01:02:44.059
 another

01:02:44.059 --> 01:02:44.500
 there

01:02:44.500 --> 01:02:44.659
 was

01:02:44.659 --> 01:02:44.799
 a

01:02:44.800 --> 01:02:45.100
 tank

01:02:45.100 --> 01:02:45.460
 there

01:02:45.460 --> 01:02:45.620
 was

01:02:45.620 --> 01:02:45.760
 a

01:02:45.760 --> 01:02:46.100
 guy

01:02:46.100 --> 01:02:46.760
 and

01:02:46.760 --> 01:02:46.900
 there

01:02:46.900 --> 01:02:47.039
 was

01:02:47.039 --> 01:02:47.220
 a

01:02:47.220 --> 01:02:47.560
 tank

01:02:47.560 --> 01:02:47.940
 yeah

01:02:47.940 --> 01:02:48.460
 exactly

01:02:48.460 --> 01:02:51.500
 yeah

01:02:51.500 --> 01:02:52.019
 exactly

01:02:52.019 --> 01:02:52.700
 exactly

01:02:52.700 --> 01:02:53.019
 yeah

01:02:53.019 --> 01:02:55.519
 other

01:02:55.519 --> 01:02:56.200
 questions

01:02:56.200 --> 01:02:58.940
 Amos

01:02:58.940 --> 01:03:00.840
 so you

01:03:00.840 --> 01:03:01.640
 talk a lot

01:03:01.640 --> 01:03:02.360
 about how

01:03:02.360 --> 01:03:02.700
 there's

01:03:02.700 --> 01:03:03.400
 corroboration

01:03:03.400 --> 01:03:03.800
 between

01:03:03.800 --> 01:03:04.440
 the Bible

01:03:04.440 --> 01:03:04.940
 and

01:03:04.940 --> 01:03:05.920
 early

01:03:05.920 --> 01:03:07.380
 secular

01:03:07.380 --> 01:03:08.019
 and

01:03:08.019 --> 01:03:08.539
 Christian

01:03:08.539 --> 01:03:09.000
 writers

01:03:09.000 --> 01:03:10.519
 and

01:03:10.519 --> 01:03:11.280
 in terms

01:03:11.280 --> 01:03:11.740
 of

01:03:11.740 --> 01:03:12.680
 what

01:03:12.680 --> 01:03:12.880
 they

01:03:12.880 --> 01:03:13.380
 said

01:03:13.380 --> 01:03:16.200
 helps

01:03:16.200 --> 01:03:16.640
 establish

01:03:16.640 --> 01:03:16.840
 the

01:03:16.840 --> 01:03:17.140
 credibility

01:03:17.140 --> 01:03:17.480
 of the

01:03:17.480 --> 01:03:17.619
 New

01:03:17.619 --> 01:03:17.900
 Testament

01:03:17.900 --> 01:03:18.519
 from

01:03:18.519 --> 01:03:22.700
 independent

01:03:22.700 --> 01:03:23.400
 review

01:03:23.400 --> 01:03:24.260
 perspective

01:03:24.260 --> 01:03:25.240
 but I'm

01:03:25.240 --> 01:03:25.420
 wondering

01:03:25.420 --> 01:03:26.720
 is there

01:03:26.720 --> 01:03:27.519
 content

01:03:27.519 --> 01:03:28.200
 from those

01:03:28.200 --> 01:03:28.440
 other

01:03:28.440 --> 01:03:28.780
 sources

01:03:28.780 --> 01:03:29.980
 where we

01:03:29.980 --> 01:03:30.460
 might learn

01:03:30.460 --> 01:03:30.900
 interesting

01:03:30.900 --> 01:03:31.420
 things

01:03:31.420 --> 01:03:31.660
 that are

01:03:31.660 --> 01:03:32.019
 credible

01:03:32.019 --> 01:03:32.380
 about

01:03:32.380 --> 01:03:32.700
 Jesus

01:03:32.700 --> 01:03:34.019
 or the

01:03:34.019 --> 01:03:34.220
 early

01:03:34.220 --> 01:03:34.680
 Christians

01:03:34.680 --> 01:03:35.579
 that

01:03:35.579 --> 01:03:37.440
 would be

01:03:37.440 --> 01:03:38.200
 interesting

01:03:38.200 --> 01:03:39.200
 not on

01:03:39.200 --> 01:03:39.780
 par with

01:03:39.780 --> 01:03:40.140
 the New

01:03:40.140 --> 01:03:40.720
 Testament

01:03:40.720 --> 01:03:41.240
 which

01:03:41.240 --> 01:03:42.280
 might

01:03:42.280 --> 01:03:43.600
 there

01:03:43.600 --> 01:03:43.820
 are more

01:03:43.820 --> 01:03:44.160
 stories

01:03:44.160 --> 01:03:44.380
 about

01:03:44.380 --> 01:03:44.700
 Jesus

01:03:44.700 --> 01:03:45.120
 or the

01:03:45.120 --> 01:03:45.540
 apostles

01:03:45.540 --> 01:03:46.300
 that

01:03:46.300 --> 01:03:49.740
 stated

01:03:49.740 --> 01:03:50.100
 without

01:03:50.100 --> 01:03:50.900
 putting it

01:03:50.900 --> 01:03:51.360
 on par

01:03:51.360 --> 01:03:51.680
 with the

01:03:51.680 --> 01:03:51.800
 New

01:03:51.800 --> 01:03:52.100
 Testament

01:03:52.100 --> 01:03:52.700
 but which

01:03:52.700 --> 01:03:54.180
 in principle

01:03:54.180 --> 01:03:54.740
 one could

01:03:54.740 --> 01:03:55.160
 do

01:03:55.160 --> 01:03:56.080
 maybe a

01:03:56.080 --> 01:03:56.260
 sermon

01:03:56.260 --> 01:03:56.740
 on it

01:03:56.740 --> 01:03:57.080
 or

01:03:57.080 --> 01:03:58.640
 I don't

01:03:58.640 --> 01:03:58.780
 know

01:03:58.780 --> 01:03:59.440
 yeah

01:03:59.440 --> 01:03:59.860
 so the

01:03:59.860 --> 01:04:00.260
 question is

01:04:00.260 --> 01:04:00.780
 do we have

01:04:00.780 --> 01:04:01.460
 other information

01:04:01.460 --> 01:04:01.900
 about the

01:04:01.900 --> 01:04:02.300
 New Testament

01:04:02.300 --> 01:04:02.900
 or New

01:04:02.900 --> 01:04:03.140
 Testament

01:04:03.140 --> 01:04:03.620
 people

01:04:03.620 --> 01:04:04.800
 outside of

01:04:04.800 --> 01:04:05.040
 the New

01:04:05.040 --> 01:04:05.320
 Testament

01:04:05.320 --> 01:04:05.660
 that we

01:04:05.660 --> 01:04:05.960
 could

01:04:05.960 --> 01:04:07.720
 that would

01:04:07.720 --> 01:04:08.120
 be edifying

01:04:08.120 --> 01:04:08.620
 for us

01:04:08.620 --> 01:04:09.080
 or useful

01:04:09.080 --> 01:04:09.420
 for us

01:04:09.420 --> 01:04:09.680
 to some

01:04:09.680 --> 01:04:09.920
 degree

01:04:09.920 --> 01:04:11.079
 yes

01:04:11.079 --> 01:04:11.780
 yes

01:04:11.780 --> 01:04:12.320
 there is

01:04:12.320 --> 01:04:13.000
 and I

01:04:13.000 --> 01:04:13.340
 would say

01:04:13.340 --> 01:04:13.760
 that those

01:04:13.760 --> 01:04:14.380
 come in

01:04:14.380 --> 01:04:15.019
 two forms

01:04:15.019 --> 01:04:15.559
 so one

01:04:15.559 --> 01:04:15.920
 way

01:04:15.920 --> 01:04:16.659
 is that

01:04:16.659 --> 01:04:17.139
 sometimes

01:04:17.139 --> 01:04:18.099
 we get

01:04:18.099 --> 01:04:18.500
 evidence

01:04:18.500 --> 01:04:18.860
 from these

01:04:18.860 --> 01:04:19.180
 external

01:04:19.180 --> 01:04:19.559
 sources

01:04:19.559 --> 01:04:20.200
 which

01:04:20.200 --> 01:04:20.539
 doesn't

01:04:20.539 --> 01:04:20.800
 give us

01:04:20.800 --> 01:04:20.960
 new

01:04:20.960 --> 01:04:21.440
 information

01:04:21.440 --> 01:04:21.780
 about

01:04:21.780 --> 01:04:22.119
 something

01:04:22.119 --> 01:04:22.680
 or a

01:04:22.680 --> 01:04:22.960
 person

01:04:22.960 --> 01:04:23.340
 or something

01:04:23.340 --> 01:04:23.720
 that actually

01:04:23.720 --> 01:04:24.059
 happened

01:04:24.059 --> 01:04:24.780
 but helps

01:04:24.780 --> 01:04:25.579
 us understand

01:04:25.579 --> 01:04:25.980
 an event

01:04:25.980 --> 01:04:26.360
 in the New

01:04:26.360 --> 01:04:26.619
 Testament

01:04:26.619 --> 01:04:27.000
 better

01:04:27.000 --> 01:04:27.720
 so for

01:04:27.720 --> 01:04:28.099
 example

01:04:28.099 --> 01:04:29.740
 this is

01:04:29.740 --> 01:04:30.019
 an easy

01:04:30.019 --> 01:04:30.360
 example

01:04:30.360 --> 01:04:30.659
 if you

01:04:30.659 --> 01:04:30.940
 read

01:04:30.940 --> 01:04:31.400
 the

01:04:31.400 --> 01:04:31.780
 ancient

01:04:31.780 --> 01:04:32.260
 historian

01:04:32.260 --> 01:04:32.900
 Josephus

01:04:32.900 --> 01:04:33.380
 he

01:04:33.380 --> 01:04:33.780
 covers

01:04:33.780 --> 01:04:34.220
 the

01:04:34.220 --> 01:04:34.519
 history

01:04:34.519 --> 01:04:34.900
 of the

01:04:34.900 --> 01:04:35.400
 Jewish

01:04:35.400 --> 01:04:35.720
 people

01:04:35.720 --> 01:04:36.300
 in the

01:04:36.300 --> 01:04:36.840
 first century

01:04:36.840 --> 01:04:37.119
 AD

01:04:37.119 --> 01:04:37.639
 he also

01:04:37.639 --> 01:04:37.960
 was from

01:04:37.960 --> 01:04:38.240
 the first

01:04:38.240 --> 01:04:38.500
 century

01:04:38.500 --> 01:04:38.720
 AD

01:04:38.720 --> 01:04:39.420
 and you'll

01:04:39.420 --> 01:04:39.700
 notice

01:04:39.920 --> 01:04:40.440
 that something

01:04:40.440 --> 01:04:40.960
 he talks

01:04:40.960 --> 01:04:41.159
 about

01:04:41.159 --> 01:04:41.539
 again

01:04:41.539 --> 01:04:41.960
 and again

01:04:41.960 --> 01:04:42.360
 and again

01:04:42.360 --> 01:04:43.059
 is that

01:04:43.059 --> 01:04:44.200
 the Jewish

01:04:44.200 --> 01:04:44.599
 people

01:04:44.599 --> 01:04:45.900
 were horribly

01:04:45.900 --> 01:04:46.320
 oppressed

01:04:46.320 --> 01:04:47.039
 by taxes

01:04:47.039 --> 01:04:47.659
 they're

01:04:47.659 --> 01:04:48.280
 constantly

01:04:48.280 --> 01:04:48.800
 arguing

01:04:48.800 --> 01:04:49.440
 about them

01:04:49.440 --> 01:04:50.119
 how should

01:04:50.119 --> 01:04:50.440
 we pay

01:04:50.440 --> 01:04:50.639
 this

01:04:50.639 --> 01:04:50.780
 should

01:04:50.780 --> 01:04:51.139
 we not

01:04:51.139 --> 01:04:51.360
 pay

01:04:51.360 --> 01:04:51.559
 this

01:04:51.559 --> 01:04:51.920
 it's a

01:04:51.920 --> 01:04:52.420
 huge

01:04:52.420 --> 01:04:53.180
 huge

01:04:53.180 --> 01:04:53.460
 hot

01:04:53.460 --> 01:04:53.680
 button

01:04:53.680 --> 01:04:54.059
 issue

01:04:54.059 --> 01:04:54.700
 and you

01:04:54.700 --> 01:04:55.260
 take that

01:04:55.260 --> 01:04:55.720
 and you

01:04:55.720 --> 01:04:56.099
 read

01:04:56.099 --> 01:04:57.099
 where you've

01:04:57.099 --> 01:04:57.539
 got these

01:04:57.539 --> 01:04:58.139
 Pharisees

01:04:58.139 --> 01:04:58.659
 these sneaky

01:04:58.659 --> 01:04:59.119
 Pharisees

01:04:59.119 --> 01:04:59.539
 coming up

01:04:59.539 --> 01:04:59.900
 to Jesus

01:04:59.900 --> 01:05:00.360
 trying to

01:05:00.360 --> 01:05:00.900
 trap him

01:05:00.900 --> 01:05:01.500
 with this

01:05:01.500 --> 01:05:01.900
 question

01:05:01.900 --> 01:05:02.340
 about should

01:05:02.340 --> 01:05:02.619
 I pay

01:05:02.619 --> 01:05:03.159
 taxes to

01:05:03.159 --> 01:05:03.380
 Caesar

01:05:03.380 --> 01:05:03.840
 or not

01:05:03.840 --> 01:05:04.159
 and you

01:05:04.159 --> 01:05:04.599
 realize

01:05:04.599 --> 01:05:05.380
 that they

01:05:05.380 --> 01:05:05.860
 are asking

01:05:05.860 --> 01:05:06.220
 him like

01:05:06.220 --> 01:05:06.539
 the most

01:05:06.539 --> 01:05:07.059
 loaded

01:05:07.059 --> 01:05:07.680
 possible

01:05:07.680 --> 01:05:08.220
 question

01:05:08.220 --> 01:05:08.940
 in public

01:05:08.940 --> 01:05:09.680
 to try

01:05:09.679 --> 01:05:10.099
 and catch

01:05:10.099 --> 01:05:10.259
 him

01:05:10.259 --> 01:05:11.319
 and there's

01:05:11.319 --> 01:05:11.719
 numerous

01:05:11.719 --> 01:05:12.159
 examples

01:05:12.159 --> 01:05:12.440
 of that

01:05:12.440 --> 01:05:12.819
 where we

01:05:12.819 --> 01:05:13.899
 will find

01:05:13.899 --> 01:05:14.699
 that

01:05:14.699 --> 01:05:16.000
 something

01:05:16.000 --> 01:05:16.799
 that we

01:05:16.799 --> 01:05:17.539
 understand

01:05:17.539 --> 01:05:17.960
 I mean

01:05:17.960 --> 01:05:18.379
 we know

01:05:18.379 --> 01:05:18.719
 they were

01:05:18.719 --> 01:05:19.159
 trying to

01:05:19.159 --> 01:05:19.539
 catch him

01:05:19.539 --> 01:05:19.839
 with that

01:05:19.839 --> 01:05:20.139
 tax

01:05:20.139 --> 01:05:20.539
 question

01:05:20.539 --> 01:05:21.159
 but it

01:05:21.159 --> 01:05:21.440
 really

01:05:21.440 --> 01:05:21.919
 brings

01:05:21.919 --> 01:05:22.819
 up the

01:05:22.819 --> 01:05:23.419
 level of

01:05:23.419 --> 01:05:23.739
 tension

01:05:23.739 --> 01:05:24.699
 when you

01:05:24.699 --> 01:05:25.139
 read that

01:05:25.139 --> 01:05:26.799
 so there's

01:05:26.799 --> 01:05:27.419
 various things

01:05:27.419 --> 01:05:27.759
 like that

01:05:27.759 --> 01:05:28.079
 that help

01:05:28.079 --> 01:05:28.279
 us

01:05:28.279 --> 01:05:29.039
 but in

01:05:29.039 --> 01:05:29.440
 terms of

01:05:29.440 --> 01:05:29.899
 like do

01:05:29.899 --> 01:05:30.500
 we have

01:05:30.500 --> 01:05:31.919
 more

01:05:31.919 --> 01:05:32.599
 information

01:05:32.599 --> 01:05:33.159
 about

01:05:33.159 --> 01:05:33.599
 Jesus

01:05:33.599 --> 01:05:34.279
 or the

01:05:34.279 --> 01:05:34.759
 disciples

01:05:34.760 --> 01:05:35.220
 that we

01:05:35.220 --> 01:05:35.540
 don't

01:05:35.540 --> 01:05:35.780
 have

01:05:35.780 --> 01:05:36.020
 in the

01:05:36.020 --> 01:05:36.140
 New

01:05:36.140 --> 01:05:36.500
 Testament

01:05:36.500 --> 01:05:37.620
 that

01:05:37.620 --> 01:05:38.600
 so I

01:05:38.600 --> 01:05:39.340
 had that

01:05:39.340 --> 01:05:39.680
 quote

01:05:39.680 --> 01:05:40.480
 it's

01:05:40.480 --> 01:05:41.220
 many slides

01:05:41.220 --> 01:05:41.420
 ago

01:05:41.420 --> 01:05:41.700
 so I

01:05:41.700 --> 01:05:41.880
 probably

01:05:41.880 --> 01:05:42.120
 won't be

01:05:42.120 --> 01:05:42.280
 able to

01:05:42.280 --> 01:05:42.700
 get there

01:05:42.700 --> 01:05:44.280
 but that

01:05:44.280 --> 01:05:44.800
 quote by

01:05:44.800 --> 01:05:45.380
 Ignatius

01:05:45.380 --> 01:05:46.680
 of Antioch

01:05:46.680 --> 01:05:47.960
 where he

01:05:47.960 --> 01:05:49.120
 that was

01:05:49.120 --> 01:05:50.060
 I lost

01:05:50.060 --> 01:05:50.360
 the whole

01:05:50.360 --> 01:05:50.680
 thing

01:05:50.680 --> 01:05:52.880
 where

01:05:52.880 --> 01:05:54.380
 he talks

01:05:54.380 --> 01:05:54.740
 about

01:05:54.740 --> 01:05:55.200
 Jesus

01:05:55.200 --> 01:05:56.080
 appearing

01:05:56.080 --> 01:05:56.700
 to

01:05:56.700 --> 01:05:58.460
 Peter

01:05:58.460 --> 01:06:00.880
 that

01:06:00.880 --> 01:06:01.539
 is

01:06:01.539 --> 01:06:02.740
 probably

01:06:02.740 --> 01:06:03.440
 some of

01:06:03.440 --> 01:06:03.880
 the closest

01:06:03.880 --> 01:06:04.380
 we'll get

01:06:04.380 --> 01:06:04.840
 to a

01:06:04.840 --> 01:06:05.380
 story

01:06:05.380 --> 01:06:06.460
 about

01:06:06.460 --> 01:06:07.139
 Jesus

01:06:07.139 --> 01:06:08.039
 that

01:06:08.039 --> 01:06:10.019
 may not

01:06:10.019 --> 01:06:11.000
 be in

01:06:11.000 --> 01:06:11.360
 the New

01:06:11.360 --> 01:06:11.720
 Testament

01:06:11.720 --> 01:06:12.360
 but that

01:06:12.360 --> 01:06:13.340
 may actually

01:06:13.340 --> 01:06:14.699
 be accurate

01:06:14.699 --> 01:06:15.119
 although

01:06:15.119 --> 01:06:16.300
 you could

01:06:16.300 --> 01:06:16.720
 say that

01:06:16.720 --> 01:06:17.039
 he's

01:06:17.039 --> 01:06:18.220
 here talking

01:06:18.220 --> 01:06:18.960
 about what

01:06:18.960 --> 01:06:19.400
 John or

01:06:19.400 --> 01:06:19.840
 Luke talked

01:06:19.840 --> 01:06:20.019
 about

01:06:20.019 --> 01:06:20.199
 because

01:06:20.199 --> 01:06:20.559
 John or

01:06:20.559 --> 01:06:20.720
 Luke

01:06:20.720 --> 01:06:21.139
 especially

01:06:21.139 --> 01:06:21.659
 Luke talks

01:06:21.659 --> 01:06:22.059
 about something

01:06:22.059 --> 01:06:22.820
 pretty similar

01:06:22.820 --> 01:06:23.860
 to this

01:06:23.860 --> 01:06:25.380
 but Ignatius

01:06:25.380 --> 01:06:25.840
 may not be

01:06:25.840 --> 01:06:26.179
 getting it

01:06:26.179 --> 01:06:26.519
 from Luke

01:06:26.519 --> 01:06:26.860
 at all

01:06:26.860 --> 01:06:27.199
 he may

01:06:27.199 --> 01:06:27.639
 just be

01:06:27.639 --> 01:06:28.320
 telling it

01:06:28.320 --> 01:06:28.620
 like he

01:06:28.620 --> 01:06:28.800
 heard

01:06:28.800 --> 01:06:29.080
 from

01:06:29.080 --> 01:06:29.600
 Peter

01:06:29.600 --> 01:06:30.780
 there's

01:06:30.780 --> 01:06:31.059
 another

01:06:31.059 --> 01:06:31.680
 example

01:06:31.680 --> 01:06:32.120
 so

01:06:32.120 --> 01:06:32.840
 if you

01:06:32.840 --> 01:06:33.100
 read

01:06:33.100 --> 01:06:33.500
 really

01:06:33.500 --> 01:06:33.980
 carefully

01:06:33.980 --> 01:06:34.900
 through

01:06:34.900 --> 01:06:35.500
 the

01:06:35.500 --> 01:06:35.840
 Bible

01:06:35.840 --> 01:06:36.280
 in the

01:06:36.280 --> 01:06:36.580
 resurrection

01:06:36.580 --> 01:06:37.240
 sequence

01:06:37.240 --> 01:06:37.880
 there's

01:06:37.880 --> 01:06:38.680
 a mention

01:06:38.680 --> 01:06:39.480
 where

01:06:39.480 --> 01:06:40.700
 where

01:06:40.700 --> 01:06:42.160
 no

01:06:42.160 --> 01:06:42.580
 it's in

01:06:42.580 --> 01:06:43.180
 1 Corinthians

01:06:43.180 --> 01:06:44.039
 Paul mentions

01:06:44.039 --> 01:06:44.780
 that Jesus

01:06:44.780 --> 01:06:45.700
 appeared to

01:06:45.700 --> 01:06:46.200
 James

01:06:46.200 --> 01:06:48.000
 but we

01:06:48.000 --> 01:06:48.320
 don't have

01:06:48.320 --> 01:06:48.920
 any account

01:06:48.920 --> 01:06:49.280
 of that

01:06:49.280 --> 01:06:49.740
 at all

01:06:49.740 --> 01:06:50.580
 and

01:06:50.580 --> 01:06:51.420
 there is

01:06:51.420 --> 01:06:52.460
 a document

01:06:52.460 --> 01:06:53.440
 that just

01:06:53.440 --> 01:06:54.039
 talks about

01:06:54.039 --> 01:06:54.320
 how it

01:06:54.320 --> 01:06:54.700
 happened

01:06:54.700 --> 01:06:55.920
 I don't

01:06:55.920 --> 01:06:56.160
 know if we

01:06:56.160 --> 01:06:56.600
 should trust

01:06:56.600 --> 01:06:57.100
 that though

01:06:57.100 --> 01:06:57.559
 it might be

01:06:57.559 --> 01:06:57.840
 like a

01:06:57.840 --> 01:06:59.340
 much later

01:06:59.340 --> 01:06:59.680
 legend

01:06:59.680 --> 01:07:00.059
 that's trying

01:07:00.059 --> 01:07:00.420
 to fill

01:07:00.420 --> 01:07:01.460
 in the

01:07:01.460 --> 01:07:01.800
 accounts

01:07:01.800 --> 01:07:03.820
 we do

01:07:03.820 --> 01:07:04.380
 have

01:07:04.380 --> 01:07:05.720
 we do

01:07:05.720 --> 01:07:06.180
 have

01:07:06.180 --> 01:07:08.640
 I'm just

01:07:08.640 --> 01:07:09.039
 scanning my

01:07:09.039 --> 01:07:09.460
 brain for more

01:07:09.460 --> 01:07:09.980
 Jesus stuff

01:07:09.980 --> 01:07:10.460
 before I move

01:07:10.460 --> 01:07:10.640
 to the

01:07:10.640 --> 01:07:10.940
 disciples

01:07:10.940 --> 01:07:11.660
 okay here's

01:07:11.660 --> 01:07:12.019
 another one

01:07:12.019 --> 01:07:12.579
 there's another

01:07:12.579 --> 01:07:13.760
 ancient Christian

01:07:13.760 --> 01:07:14.079
 writer

01:07:14.079 --> 01:07:15.260
 his name is

01:07:15.260 --> 01:07:16.220
 Justin the

01:07:16.220 --> 01:07:16.600
 philosopher

01:07:16.600 --> 01:07:17.180
 Justin Martyr

01:07:17.180 --> 01:07:17.440
 whom I

01:07:17.440 --> 01:07:18.059
 mentioned once

01:07:18.059 --> 01:07:19.420
 he mentions

01:07:19.420 --> 01:07:19.720
 that when

01:07:19.720 --> 01:07:20.200
 Jesus was

01:07:20.200 --> 01:07:20.539
 baptized

01:07:20.539 --> 01:07:22.340
 that there

01:07:22.340 --> 01:07:23.059
 was a light

01:07:23.059 --> 01:07:23.660
 that appeared

01:07:23.660 --> 01:07:24.100
 also

01:07:24.100 --> 01:07:24.680
 so sometimes

01:07:24.680 --> 01:07:25.039
 you get these

01:07:25.039 --> 01:07:25.600
 little things

01:07:25.599 --> 01:07:26.079
 like I

01:07:26.079 --> 01:07:26.360
 don't know

01:07:26.360 --> 01:07:26.860
 the spirit

01:07:26.860 --> 01:07:27.279
 comes down

01:07:27.279 --> 01:07:27.559
 like a

01:07:27.559 --> 01:07:27.779
 dove

01:07:27.779 --> 01:07:28.019
 and then

01:07:28.019 --> 01:07:28.519
 this light

01:07:28.519 --> 01:07:28.940
 is on the

01:07:28.940 --> 01:07:29.179
 water

01:07:29.179 --> 01:07:29.719
 I don't

01:07:29.719 --> 01:07:29.900
 know

01:07:29.900 --> 01:07:30.179
 I mean

01:07:30.179 --> 01:07:31.000
 maybe

01:07:31.000 --> 01:07:31.519
 maybe that

01:07:31.519 --> 01:07:31.860
 happened

01:07:31.860 --> 01:07:33.719
 most of the

01:07:33.719 --> 01:07:34.299
 extra stuff

01:07:34.299 --> 01:07:34.759
 we know

01:07:34.759 --> 01:07:35.319
 is about

01:07:35.319 --> 01:07:36.079
 the disciples

01:07:36.079 --> 01:07:38.099
 and that's

01:07:38.099 --> 01:07:38.539
 where we get

01:07:38.539 --> 01:07:39.179
 more stuff

01:07:39.179 --> 01:07:40.079
 for instance

01:07:40.079 --> 01:07:41.799
 according to

01:07:41.799 --> 01:07:42.440
 very early

01:07:42.440 --> 01:07:43.179
 Christian tradition

01:07:43.179 --> 01:07:44.219
 Simon the

01:07:44.219 --> 01:07:44.619
 magician

01:07:44.619 --> 01:07:45.480
 Simon Magus

01:07:45.480 --> 01:07:46.460
 that was not

01:07:46.460 --> 01:07:46.819
 the end of

01:07:46.819 --> 01:07:47.500
 Simon Magus

01:07:47.500 --> 01:07:47.920
 in the book

01:07:47.920 --> 01:07:48.239
 of Acts

01:07:48.239 --> 01:07:49.299
 he went on

01:07:49.299 --> 01:07:50.519
 to oppose

01:07:50.519 --> 01:07:51.139
 the apostles

01:07:51.139 --> 01:07:52.099
 especially Peter

01:07:52.099 --> 01:07:53.000
 he even went

01:07:53.000 --> 01:07:53.599
 to Rome

01:07:53.599 --> 01:07:55.000
 to track

01:07:55.000 --> 01:07:55.719
 Peter down

01:07:55.719 --> 01:07:57.059
 that's said

01:07:57.059 --> 01:07:57.519
 again and

01:07:57.519 --> 01:07:57.860
 again

01:07:57.860 --> 01:07:59.679
 we know

01:07:59.679 --> 01:08:00.940
 that John

01:08:00.940 --> 01:08:01.920
 the disciple

01:08:01.920 --> 01:08:02.659
 the apostle

01:08:02.659 --> 01:08:03.139
 went to

01:08:03.139 --> 01:08:03.679
 Ephesus

01:08:03.679 --> 01:08:05.059
 and

01:08:05.059 --> 01:08:06.480
 Irenaeus

01:08:06.480 --> 01:08:07.539
 gives us

01:08:07.539 --> 01:08:09.139
 a story

01:08:09.139 --> 01:08:09.860
 about John

01:08:09.860 --> 01:08:11.119
 Irenaeus

01:08:11.119 --> 01:08:11.920
 was a disciple

01:08:11.920 --> 01:08:12.679
 of Polycarp

01:08:12.679 --> 01:08:13.199
 who was a

01:08:13.199 --> 01:08:13.699
 disciple of

01:08:13.699 --> 01:08:13.980
 John

01:08:13.980 --> 01:08:14.599
 if that makes

01:08:14.599 --> 01:08:14.860
 sense

01:08:14.860 --> 01:08:15.279
 and so

01:08:15.279 --> 01:08:16.359
 he's telling

01:08:16.359 --> 01:08:16.760
 us this

01:08:16.760 --> 01:08:17.059
 kind of

01:08:17.059 --> 01:08:17.559
 second hand

01:08:17.559 --> 01:08:18.079
 story

01:08:18.079 --> 01:08:18.439
 that he

01:08:18.439 --> 01:08:18.880
 heard about

01:08:18.880 --> 01:08:19.180
 John

01:08:19.180 --> 01:08:20.019
 about how

01:08:20.019 --> 01:08:20.460
 he was

01:08:20.460 --> 01:08:21.220
 going into

01:08:21.220 --> 01:08:21.420
 you know

01:08:21.420 --> 01:08:22.060
 in the Roman

01:08:22.060 --> 01:08:22.619
 Empire

01:08:22.619 --> 01:08:23.239
 they would

01:08:23.239 --> 01:08:23.600
 have these

01:08:23.600 --> 01:08:24.119
 communal

01:08:24.119 --> 01:08:24.880
 bath houses

01:08:24.880 --> 01:08:25.239
 where you

01:08:25.239 --> 01:08:25.579
 would go

01:08:25.579 --> 01:08:26.340
 in and

01:08:26.340 --> 01:08:26.760
 bathe

01:08:26.760 --> 01:08:27.399
 and that

01:08:27.399 --> 01:08:27.680
 John

01:08:27.680 --> 01:08:27.980
 was in

01:08:27.980 --> 01:08:28.159
 there

01:08:28.159 --> 01:08:28.399
 and this

01:08:28.399 --> 01:08:28.739
 heretic

01:08:28.739 --> 01:08:28.960
 named

01:08:28.960 --> 01:08:29.359
 Serentis

01:08:29.359 --> 01:08:29.859
 showed up

01:08:29.859 --> 01:08:30.100
 and he

01:08:30.100 --> 01:08:30.720
 quickly ran

01:08:30.720 --> 01:08:31.180
 out and

01:08:31.180 --> 01:08:31.899
 said we

01:08:31.899 --> 01:08:32.100
 got to

01:08:32.100 --> 01:08:32.319
 get away

01:08:32.319 --> 01:08:32.619
 from this

01:08:32.619 --> 01:08:32.880
 guy

01:08:32.880 --> 01:08:34.619
 so stuff

01:08:34.619 --> 01:08:35.220
 like that

01:08:35.220 --> 01:08:36.220
 you know

01:08:36.220 --> 01:08:36.800
 they do

01:08:36.800 --> 01:08:37.680
 they are

01:08:37.680 --> 01:08:38.260
 interesting

01:08:38.260 --> 01:08:38.840
 these stories

01:08:38.840 --> 01:08:39.159
 about the

01:08:39.159 --> 01:08:39.520
 apostles

01:08:39.520 --> 01:08:39.920
 you know

01:08:39.920 --> 01:08:40.220
 you have

01:08:40.220 --> 01:08:40.500
 to be

01:08:40.500 --> 01:08:40.819
 careful

01:08:40.819 --> 01:08:41.239
 because so

01:08:41.239 --> 01:08:41.399
 many of

01:08:41.399 --> 01:08:41.800
 these stories

01:08:41.800 --> 01:08:42.359
 are much

01:08:42.359 --> 01:08:42.779
 later

01:08:42.779 --> 01:08:43.859
 and we

01:08:43.859 --> 01:08:44.539
 just don't

01:08:44.539 --> 01:08:44.980
 know if

01:08:44.980 --> 01:08:45.159
 they're

01:08:45.159 --> 01:08:45.579
 accurate

01:08:45.579 --> 01:08:46.760
 or not

01:08:46.760 --> 01:08:50.480
 so what

01:08:50.480 --> 01:08:51.220
 is the

01:08:51.220 --> 01:08:52.340
 problem

01:08:52.340 --> 01:08:53.740
 in simple

01:08:53.740 --> 01:08:54.119
 words with

01:08:54.119 --> 01:08:54.579
 the Gnostic

01:08:54.579 --> 01:08:55.199
 Gospels

01:08:55.199 --> 01:08:56.600
 you should

01:08:56.600 --> 01:08:56.980
 have come

01:08:56.980 --> 01:08:57.240
 to the

01:08:57.240 --> 01:08:58.100
 class two

01:08:58.100 --> 01:08:58.900
 weeks ago

01:08:58.900 --> 01:09:00.039
 you didn't

01:09:00.039 --> 01:09:00.440
 make the

01:09:00.440 --> 01:09:00.800
 cut

01:09:00.800 --> 01:09:01.619
 yes

01:09:01.619 --> 01:09:02.460
 great

01:09:02.460 --> 01:09:02.900
 question

01:09:02.900 --> 01:09:03.539
 so the

01:09:03.539 --> 01:09:04.199
 problem with

01:09:04.199 --> 01:09:04.440
 them

01:09:04.440 --> 01:09:05.460
 is that

01:09:05.460 --> 01:09:06.520
 first of all

01:09:06.520 --> 01:09:07.500
 the Gnostics

01:09:07.500 --> 01:09:07.900
 most people

01:09:07.900 --> 01:09:08.360
 aren't aware

01:09:08.360 --> 01:09:08.600
 of this

01:09:08.600 --> 01:09:09.159
 the Gnostics

01:09:09.159 --> 01:09:09.900
 accepted

01:09:09.900 --> 01:09:11.119
 the canon

01:09:11.119 --> 01:09:11.500
 of the

01:09:11.500 --> 01:09:11.860
 mainstream

01:09:11.860 --> 01:09:12.260
 church

01:09:12.260 --> 01:09:12.800
 they just

01:09:12.800 --> 01:09:13.300
 added to

01:09:13.300 --> 01:09:13.460
 it

01:09:13.460 --> 01:09:13.820
 so they're

01:09:13.820 --> 01:09:14.280
 not really

01:09:14.280 --> 01:09:14.880
 rejecting

01:09:14.880 --> 01:09:15.440
 stuff

01:09:15.440 --> 01:09:16.039
 they're just

01:09:16.039 --> 01:09:16.480
 adding to

01:09:16.480 --> 01:09:16.640
 this

01:09:16.640 --> 01:09:17.780
 the problem

01:09:17.780 --> 01:09:18.160
 with it

01:09:18.160 --> 01:09:18.720
 is that

01:09:18.720 --> 01:09:20.100
 they don't

01:09:20.100 --> 01:09:20.420
 seem to

01:09:20.420 --> 01:09:21.060
 have any

01:09:21.060 --> 01:09:21.560
 grounding

01:09:21.560 --> 01:09:22.020
 whatsoever

01:09:22.020 --> 01:09:22.500
 in first

01:09:22.500 --> 01:09:22.840
 century

01:09:22.840 --> 01:09:23.119
 Jewish

01:09:23.119 --> 01:09:23.480
 history

01:09:23.480 --> 01:09:24.340
 they seem

01:09:24.340 --> 01:09:24.600
 to be

01:09:24.600 --> 01:09:24.860
 written

01:09:24.860 --> 01:09:25.440
 like

01:09:25.440 --> 01:09:25.860
 Jesus

01:09:25.860 --> 01:09:26.720
 from a

01:09:26.720 --> 01:09:27.619
 much later

01:09:27.619 --> 01:09:28.000
 Greek

01:09:28.000 --> 01:09:28.560
 philosophical

01:09:28.560 --> 01:09:29.119
 background

01:09:29.119 --> 01:09:32.140
 so all

01:09:32.140 --> 01:09:32.560
 the stuff

01:09:32.560 --> 01:09:32.860
 that we

01:09:32.860 --> 01:09:33.380
 just did

01:09:33.380 --> 01:09:34.420
 with the

01:09:34.420 --> 01:09:34.880
 New Testament

01:09:34.880 --> 01:09:35.180
 where we're

01:09:35.180 --> 01:09:35.539
 looking at

01:09:35.539 --> 01:09:35.800
 names,

01:09:35.920 --> 01:09:36.100
 dates,

01:09:36.260 --> 01:09:36.619
 places,

01:09:37.100 --> 01:09:37.440
 events,

01:09:37.539 --> 01:09:37.900
 happenings

01:09:37.900 --> 01:09:38.880
 can't do

01:09:38.880 --> 01:09:39.160
 that with

01:09:39.160 --> 01:09:39.579
 the Gnostic

01:09:39.579 --> 01:09:40.660
 Gospels

01:09:40.660 --> 01:09:41.860
 another thing

01:09:41.860 --> 01:09:42.440
 is that

01:09:42.440 --> 01:09:43.539
 contrary to

01:09:43.539 --> 01:09:44.480
 popular

01:09:44.480 --> 01:09:44.980
 perception

01:09:44.979 --> 01:09:46.359
 the vast

01:09:46.359 --> 01:09:46.759
 majority

01:09:46.759 --> 01:09:47.319
 of Gnostic

01:09:47.319 --> 01:09:47.839
 Gospels

01:09:47.839 --> 01:09:48.439
 are not

01:09:48.439 --> 01:09:48.719
 even

01:09:48.719 --> 01:09:49.099
 accounts

01:09:49.099 --> 01:09:49.539
 of Jesus

01:09:49.539 --> 01:09:50.079
 life

01:09:50.079 --> 01:09:50.599
 they don't

01:09:50.599 --> 01:09:50.779
 even

01:09:50.779 --> 01:09:51.099
 pretend

01:09:51.099 --> 01:09:51.500
 to be

01:09:51.500 --> 01:09:52.179
 they're

01:09:52.179 --> 01:09:52.919
 dialogues

01:09:52.919 --> 01:09:53.479
 of a

01:09:53.479 --> 01:09:53.759
 risen

01:09:53.759 --> 01:09:54.319
 savior

01:09:54.319 --> 01:09:54.639
 where he

01:09:54.639 --> 01:09:54.939
 has this

01:09:54.939 --> 01:09:55.319
 extended

01:09:55.319 --> 01:09:55.899
 dialogue

01:09:55.899 --> 01:09:57.179
 or it's

01:09:57.179 --> 01:09:57.599
 just a

01:09:57.599 --> 01:09:57.939
 sermon

01:09:57.939 --> 01:09:58.739
 or it's

01:09:58.739 --> 01:09:59.179
 a letter

01:09:59.179 --> 01:10:00.219
 so most

01:10:00.219 --> 01:10:00.500
 of them

01:10:00.500 --> 01:10:01.019
 don't even

01:10:01.019 --> 01:10:01.959
 claim to

01:10:01.959 --> 01:10:02.539
 be accounts

01:10:02.539 --> 01:10:02.899
 of Jesus

01:10:02.899 --> 01:10:03.379
 life

01:10:03.379 --> 01:10:04.259
 they are

01:10:04.259 --> 01:10:04.639
 just

01:10:04.639 --> 01:10:05.579
 theological

01:10:05.579 --> 01:10:06.299
 musings

01:10:06.299 --> 01:10:08.299
 other

01:10:08.299 --> 01:10:08.759
 reasons

01:10:08.759 --> 01:10:09.159
 why

01:10:09.159 --> 01:10:10.079
 is that

01:10:10.079 --> 01:10:11.319
 there's

01:10:11.319 --> 01:10:12.179
 no evidence

01:10:12.179 --> 01:10:12.719
 that the

01:10:12.719 --> 01:10:14.179
 people who

01:10:14.180 --> 01:10:16.140
 the titles

01:10:16.140 --> 01:10:16.380
 of the

01:10:16.380 --> 01:10:16.659
 Gospels

01:10:16.659 --> 01:10:17.159
 are ascribed

01:10:17.159 --> 01:10:17.460
 that they

01:10:17.460 --> 01:10:17.980
 actually wrote

01:10:17.980 --> 01:10:18.159
 them

01:10:18.159 --> 01:10:18.480
 so like

01:10:18.480 --> 01:10:18.920
 Gospel of

01:10:18.920 --> 01:10:19.159
 Mary

01:10:19.159 --> 01:10:19.760
 Gospel of

01:10:19.760 --> 01:10:20.000
 Peter

01:10:20.000 --> 01:10:21.280
 there's no

01:10:21.280 --> 01:10:21.900
 evidence that

01:10:21.900 --> 01:10:22.539
 they wrote

01:10:22.539 --> 01:10:22.860
 these

01:10:22.860 --> 01:10:23.840
 scholars are

01:10:23.840 --> 01:10:24.480
 united

01:10:24.480 --> 01:10:25.440
 in believing

01:10:25.440 --> 01:10:25.760
 these are

01:10:25.760 --> 01:10:26.039
 from the

01:10:26.039 --> 01:10:26.500
 second or

01:10:26.500 --> 01:10:26.700
 third

01:10:26.700 --> 01:10:27.340
 centuries

01:10:27.340 --> 01:10:28.539
 and in

01:10:28.539 --> 01:10:28.880
 fact

01:10:28.880 --> 01:10:29.220
 that

01:10:29.220 --> 01:10:30.119
 ancient

01:10:30.119 --> 01:10:31.159
 critic

01:10:31.159 --> 01:10:31.820
 Porphyry

01:10:31.820 --> 01:10:32.640
 whom I've

01:10:32.640 --> 01:10:33.159
 mentioned a

01:10:33.159 --> 01:10:33.380
 bunch of

01:10:33.380 --> 01:10:33.579
 times

01:10:33.579 --> 01:10:34.380
 he talks

01:10:34.380 --> 01:10:34.700
 about the

01:10:34.700 --> 01:10:35.140
 Gnostics

01:10:35.140 --> 01:10:36.140
 and he

01:10:36.140 --> 01:10:36.640
 says

01:10:36.640 --> 01:10:37.260
 oh yeah

01:10:37.260 --> 01:10:37.680
 they're just

01:10:37.680 --> 01:10:38.680
 making up

01:10:38.680 --> 01:10:39.700
 false titles

01:10:39.700 --> 01:10:40.200
 for these

01:10:40.200 --> 01:10:40.520
 things

01:10:40.520 --> 01:10:41.200
 but then

01:10:41.200 --> 01:10:41.619
 when he's

01:10:41.619 --> 01:10:42.159
 dealing with

01:10:42.159 --> 01:10:42.520
 the four

01:10:42.520 --> 01:10:43.020
 Gospels

01:10:43.020 --> 01:10:43.340
 and the

01:10:43.340 --> 01:10:43.700
 writings of

01:10:43.699 --> 01:10:43.880
 the New

01:10:43.880 --> 01:10:44.119
 Testament

01:10:44.119 --> 01:10:44.539
 he doesn't

01:10:44.539 --> 01:10:44.920
 say that

01:10:44.920 --> 01:10:45.699
 he seems

01:10:45.699 --> 01:10:46.239
 to accept

01:10:46.239 --> 01:10:46.800
 that they're

01:10:46.800 --> 01:10:47.859
 accurate

01:10:47.859 --> 01:10:48.619
 so

01:10:48.619 --> 01:10:50.119
 they don't

01:10:50.119 --> 01:10:50.639
 seem rooted

01:10:50.639 --> 01:10:51.260
 in Judaism

01:10:51.260 --> 01:10:52.079
 at all

01:10:52.079 --> 01:10:52.559
 to any

01:10:52.559 --> 01:10:53.000
 degree

01:10:53.000 --> 01:10:54.399
 they can't

01:10:54.399 --> 01:10:54.880
 be historically

01:10:54.880 --> 01:10:55.279
 verified

01:10:55.279 --> 01:10:55.800
 they seem

01:10:55.800 --> 01:10:56.039
 to be

01:10:56.039 --> 01:10:56.300
 written

01:10:56.300 --> 01:10:56.859
 at a

01:10:56.859 --> 01:10:57.319
 very late

01:10:57.319 --> 01:10:57.739
 date

01:10:57.739 --> 01:10:58.659
 they follow

01:10:58.659 --> 01:10:59.239
 they're all

01:10:59.239 --> 01:10:59.679
 united

01:10:59.679 --> 01:11:00.599
 behind this

01:11:00.599 --> 01:11:01.059
 Gnostic

01:11:01.059 --> 01:11:01.720
 myth

01:11:01.720 --> 01:11:02.359
 about how

01:11:02.359 --> 01:11:02.659
 you need

01:11:02.659 --> 01:11:02.960
 to have

01:11:02.960 --> 01:11:03.159
 this

01:11:03.159 --> 01:11:03.619
 knowledge

01:11:03.619 --> 01:11:04.119
 in order

01:11:04.119 --> 01:11:04.439
 to come

01:11:04.439 --> 01:11:05.000
 to salvation

01:11:05.000 --> 01:11:05.979
 and

01:11:05.979 --> 01:11:08.039
 it contradicts

01:11:08.039 --> 01:11:08.380
 Judaism

01:11:08.380 --> 01:11:08.739
 I mean

01:11:08.739 --> 01:11:09.179
 most of

01:11:09.179 --> 01:11:09.439
 them have

01:11:09.439 --> 01:11:10.019
 this idea

01:11:10.019 --> 01:11:10.439
 that

01:11:10.439 --> 01:11:11.920
 the creator

01:11:11.920 --> 01:11:12.300
 God

01:11:12.300 --> 01:11:12.940
 is evil

01:11:12.940 --> 01:11:13.699
 and

01:11:13.699 --> 01:11:14.159
 when you

01:11:14.159 --> 01:11:14.699
 read

01:11:14.699 --> 01:11:16.960
 Genesis

01:11:16.960 --> 01:11:17.460
 God

01:11:17.460 --> 01:11:17.760
 makes

01:11:17.760 --> 01:11:18.119
 everything

01:11:18.119 --> 01:11:18.420
 good

01:11:18.420 --> 01:11:18.640
 they've

01:11:18.640 --> 01:11:18.779
 got to

01:11:18.779 --> 01:11:19.279
 do a lot

01:11:19.279 --> 01:11:19.440
 of

01:11:19.440 --> 01:11:20.020
 hermeneutical

01:11:20.020 --> 01:11:20.699
 running around

01:11:20.699 --> 01:11:21.199
 to get around

01:11:21.199 --> 01:11:21.380
 that

01:11:21.380 --> 01:11:21.720
 or they'll

01:11:21.720 --> 01:11:22.300
 just reject

01:11:22.300 --> 01:11:23.060
 the passage

01:11:23.060 --> 01:11:23.920
 and it

01:11:23.920 --> 01:11:24.400
 just seems

01:11:24.400 --> 01:11:24.840
 the idea

01:11:24.840 --> 01:11:25.279
 that Jesus

01:11:25.279 --> 01:11:25.800
 or the

01:11:25.800 --> 01:11:26.180
 apostles

01:11:26.180 --> 01:11:26.800
 these Jews

01:11:26.800 --> 01:11:27.199
 from first

01:11:27.199 --> 01:11:27.440
 century

01:11:27.440 --> 01:11:27.900
 Palestine

01:11:27.900 --> 01:11:28.680
 would have

01:11:28.680 --> 01:11:29.239
 believed

01:11:29.239 --> 01:11:30.640
 that the

01:11:30.640 --> 01:11:32.039
 Old Testament

01:11:32.039 --> 01:11:32.619
 God

01:11:32.619 --> 01:11:33.400
 was bad

01:11:33.400 --> 01:11:34.020
 it just

01:11:34.020 --> 01:11:34.760
 doesn't

01:11:34.760 --> 01:11:36.000
 make sense

01:11:36.000 --> 01:11:36.640
 it seems

01:11:36.640 --> 01:11:37.239
 much more

01:11:37.239 --> 01:11:37.579
 like

01:11:37.579 --> 01:11:38.260
 someone

01:11:38.260 --> 01:11:38.739
 who's

01:11:38.739 --> 01:11:39.060
 following

01:11:39.060 --> 01:11:39.539
 Platonic

01:11:39.539 --> 01:11:40.060
 philosophy

01:11:40.060 --> 01:11:41.180
 who believes

01:11:41.180 --> 01:11:42.199
 the material

01:11:42.199 --> 01:11:42.739
 world is

01:11:42.739 --> 01:11:43.039
 evil

01:11:43.039 --> 01:11:44.460
 that's what

01:11:44.460 --> 01:11:44.840
 seems like

01:11:44.840 --> 01:11:45.100
 what's going

01:11:45.100 --> 01:11:45.500
 on here

01:11:45.500 --> 01:11:46.659
 and I think

01:11:46.659 --> 01:11:47.119
 that is what's

01:11:47.119 --> 01:11:47.460
 going on

01:11:47.460 --> 01:11:47.680
 is that

01:11:47.680 --> 01:11:48.060
 they're trying

01:11:48.060 --> 01:11:49.800
 to take

01:11:49.800 --> 01:11:50.279
 the teachings

01:11:50.279 --> 01:11:50.680
 of Jesus

01:11:50.680 --> 01:11:51.279
 and mash

01:11:51.279 --> 01:11:51.699
 them together

01:11:51.699 --> 01:11:52.060
 with Greek

01:11:52.060 --> 01:11:52.500
 philosophy

01:11:52.500 --> 01:11:52.880
 and this

01:11:52.880 --> 01:11:53.279
 is kind

01:11:53.279 --> 01:11:53.519
 of what

01:11:53.519 --> 01:11:54.180
 what's

01:11:54.180 --> 01:11:54.600
 coming out

01:11:54.600 --> 01:11:56.960
 yes

01:11:56.960 --> 01:12:22.220
 that's a

01:12:22.220 --> 01:12:22.840
 great question

01:12:22.840 --> 01:12:24.020
 let me make

01:12:24.020 --> 01:12:24.439
 a comment

01:12:24.439 --> 01:12:25.340
 first I

01:12:25.340 --> 01:12:25.960
 just want to

01:12:25.960 --> 01:12:26.359
 emphasize

01:12:26.359 --> 01:12:28.699
 how privileged

01:12:28.699 --> 01:12:29.259
 and blessed

01:12:29.259 --> 01:12:29.739
 we are

01:12:29.739 --> 01:12:30.659
 if you go

01:12:30.659 --> 01:12:31.059
 back even

01:12:31.059 --> 01:12:31.599
 100 years

01:12:31.599 --> 01:12:32.019
 ago people

01:12:32.019 --> 01:12:32.380
 didn't know

01:12:32.380 --> 01:12:32.719
 the stuff

01:12:32.719 --> 01:12:33.119
 we know

01:12:33.119 --> 01:12:33.799
 if you go

01:12:33.799 --> 01:12:34.460
 back 500

01:12:34.460 --> 01:12:35.119
 years ago

01:12:35.119 --> 01:12:36.119
 the only

01:12:36.119 --> 01:12:36.679
 test you

01:12:36.679 --> 01:12:37.159
 could do

01:12:37.159 --> 01:12:37.619
 was that

01:12:37.619 --> 01:12:38.460
 last test

01:12:38.460 --> 01:12:39.380
 that Jesus

01:12:39.380 --> 01:12:39.779
 said

01:12:39.779 --> 01:12:41.599
 if you

01:12:41.599 --> 01:12:43.880
 choose to

01:12:43.880 --> 01:12:44.079
 do the

01:12:44.079 --> 01:12:44.319
 will of

01:12:44.319 --> 01:12:44.599
 God you

01:12:44.599 --> 01:12:44.880
 will know

01:12:44.880 --> 01:12:45.139
 that I

01:12:45.139 --> 01:12:45.519
 come from

01:12:45.519 --> 01:12:45.939
 the Father

01:12:45.939 --> 01:12:47.460
 because if

01:12:47.460 --> 01:12:47.960
 you're living

01:12:47.960 --> 01:12:48.219
 in the

01:12:48.219 --> 01:12:48.779
 middle of

01:12:48.779 --> 01:12:51.059
 some far

01:12:51.059 --> 01:12:51.559
 off place

01:12:51.559 --> 01:12:51.819
 and you

01:12:51.819 --> 01:12:52.179
 can't read

01:12:52.179 --> 01:12:52.639
 or write

01:12:52.639 --> 01:12:53.819
 there's really

01:12:53.819 --> 01:12:54.219
 nothing you

01:12:54.219 --> 01:12:54.659
 can do

01:12:54.659 --> 01:12:55.099
 when you're

01:12:55.099 --> 01:12:55.759
 presented with

01:12:55.759 --> 01:12:56.319
 the gospel

01:12:56.319 --> 01:12:56.659
 message

01:12:56.659 --> 01:12:57.119
 other than

01:12:57.119 --> 01:12:58.019
 seek God's

01:12:58.019 --> 01:12:58.299
 guidance

01:12:58.299 --> 01:12:58.759
 directly

01:12:58.759 --> 01:12:59.880
 and so

01:12:59.880 --> 01:13:00.159
 we're in

01:13:00.159 --> 01:13:00.679
 this position

01:13:00.679 --> 01:13:01.059
 where we

01:13:01.059 --> 01:13:01.559
 have all

01:13:01.559 --> 01:13:02.380
 this stuff

01:13:02.380 --> 01:13:03.500
 that most

01:13:03.500 --> 01:13:03.979
 Christians

01:13:03.979 --> 01:13:04.599
 throughout most

01:13:04.599 --> 01:13:04.979
 of history

01:13:04.979 --> 01:13:06.479
 didn't have

01:13:06.479 --> 01:13:07.219
 some of the

01:13:07.219 --> 01:13:07.880
 earlier ones

01:13:07.880 --> 01:13:08.319
 might have had

01:13:08.319 --> 01:13:08.719
 this kind of

01:13:08.719 --> 01:13:08.979
 stuff

01:13:08.979 --> 01:13:10.420
 but they were

01:13:10.420 --> 01:13:11.099
 facing horrible

01:13:11.099 --> 01:13:12.039
 persecution and

01:13:12.039 --> 01:13:12.479
 death and

01:13:12.479 --> 01:13:12.759
 everything

01:13:12.759 --> 01:13:14.139
 so it brings up

01:13:14.139 --> 01:13:14.739
 a good question

01:13:14.739 --> 01:13:15.279
 of like what

01:13:15.279 --> 01:13:16.179
 do we do

01:13:16.179 --> 01:13:18.000
 and I think

01:13:18.000 --> 01:13:20.340
 we follow

01:13:20.340 --> 01:13:20.659
 Jesus

01:13:20.659 --> 01:13:22.100
 we see what

01:13:22.100 --> 01:13:22.439
 he wants

01:13:22.439 --> 01:13:22.720
 us to

01:13:22.720 --> 01:13:22.899
 do

01:13:22.899 --> 01:13:23.619
 what is

01:13:23.619 --> 01:13:23.819
 our

01:13:23.819 --> 01:13:24.460
 we each

01:13:24.460 --> 01:13:24.760
 have our

01:13:24.760 --> 01:13:24.939
 own

01:13:24.939 --> 01:13:25.439
 callings

01:13:25.439 --> 01:13:26.699
 and we

01:13:26.699 --> 01:13:27.800
 discern from

01:13:27.800 --> 01:13:28.100
 the Lord

01:13:28.100 --> 01:13:28.479
 what that

01:13:28.479 --> 01:13:30.060
 is and we

01:13:30.060 --> 01:13:30.460
 carry our

01:13:30.460 --> 01:13:31.180
 cross as best

01:13:31.180 --> 01:13:31.680
 we can

01:13:31.680 --> 01:13:32.199
 humbly

01:13:32.199 --> 01:13:32.939
 knowing that

01:13:32.939 --> 01:13:34.539
 I think

01:13:34.539 --> 01:13:35.060
 God is

01:13:35.060 --> 01:13:35.680
 going to

01:13:35.680 --> 01:13:36.060
 hold us

01:13:36.060 --> 01:13:36.340
 to the

01:13:36.340 --> 01:13:36.899
 standard of

01:13:36.899 --> 01:13:37.239
 the things

01:13:37.239 --> 01:13:37.659
 he's given

01:13:37.659 --> 01:13:38.199
 to us

01:13:38.199 --> 01:13:38.600
 and he's

01:13:38.600 --> 01:13:38.939
 given us

01:13:38.939 --> 01:13:39.359
 a lot

01:13:39.359 --> 01:13:40.479
 I also

01:13:40.479 --> 01:13:41.220
 think that

01:13:41.220 --> 01:13:41.699
 we should

01:13:41.699 --> 01:13:42.140
 always be

01:13:42.140 --> 01:13:42.500
 careful

01:13:42.500 --> 01:13:43.000
 I've mentioned

01:13:43.000 --> 01:13:43.479
 this a couple

01:13:43.479 --> 01:13:44.239
 times in my

01:13:44.239 --> 01:13:44.880
 other classes

01:13:44.880 --> 01:13:45.779
 but that

01:13:45.779 --> 01:13:47.840
 this information

01:13:47.840 --> 01:13:48.579
 that I presented

01:13:48.579 --> 01:13:49.199
 I mean it's

01:13:49.199 --> 01:13:49.619
 great it's

01:13:49.619 --> 01:13:50.439
 wonderful this

01:13:50.439 --> 01:13:51.020
 is my career

01:13:51.020 --> 01:13:51.520
 like I love

01:13:51.520 --> 01:13:51.979
 this stuff

01:13:51.979 --> 01:13:53.020
 but this

01:13:53.020 --> 01:13:54.020
 this doesn't

01:13:54.020 --> 01:13:54.619
 really get

01:13:54.619 --> 01:13:56.399
 at Jesus

01:13:56.399 --> 01:13:57.260
 directly in

01:13:57.260 --> 01:13:57.600
 order to get

01:13:57.600 --> 01:13:57.880
 at Jesus

01:13:57.880 --> 01:13:58.399
 directly you

01:13:58.399 --> 01:13:58.960
 got to know

01:13:58.960 --> 01:13:59.859
 him and

01:13:59.859 --> 01:14:00.380
 that's what

01:14:00.380 --> 01:14:01.239
 matters and

01:14:01.239 --> 01:14:02.340
 so some of

01:14:02.340 --> 01:14:02.920
 this information

01:14:02.920 --> 01:14:03.899
 can be extremely

01:14:03.899 --> 01:14:04.659
 helpful for

01:14:04.659 --> 01:14:06.079
 people and

01:14:06.079 --> 01:14:06.760
 can bolster

01:14:06.760 --> 01:14:07.699
 their faith but

01:14:07.699 --> 01:14:08.220
 other people

01:14:08.220 --> 01:14:08.840
 work differently

01:14:08.840 --> 01:14:09.380
 for others

01:14:09.380 --> 01:14:10.119
 you know it

01:14:10.119 --> 01:14:10.739
 doesn't it's

01:14:10.739 --> 01:14:11.739
 not exciting

01:14:11.739 --> 01:14:12.159
 for them

01:14:12.159 --> 01:14:14.019
 and ultimately

01:14:14.019 --> 01:14:15.920
 God

01:14:15.920 --> 01:14:17.439
 following Christ

01:14:17.439 --> 01:14:17.899
 is not about

01:14:17.899 --> 01:14:18.340
 how much you

01:14:18.340 --> 01:14:19.199
 know or even

01:14:19.199 --> 01:14:19.840
 how certain

01:14:19.840 --> 01:14:20.619
 you are of

01:14:20.619 --> 01:14:21.000
 these little

01:14:21.000 --> 01:14:22.619
 facts it's

01:14:22.619 --> 01:14:23.139
 you know

01:14:23.139 --> 01:14:23.819
 Jesus on that

01:14:23.819 --> 01:14:24.220
 day he's

01:14:24.220 --> 01:14:24.539
 going to ask

01:14:24.539 --> 01:14:25.359
 do you know

01:14:25.359 --> 01:14:26.960
 me and

01:14:26.960 --> 01:14:27.619
 that's what we

01:14:27.619 --> 01:14:28.420
 want to keep

01:14:28.420 --> 01:14:28.760
 in mind

01:14:28.760 --> 01:14:29.439
 seek him

01:14:29.439 --> 01:14:30.659
 and this

01:14:30.659 --> 01:14:31.119
 is a

01:14:31.119 --> 01:14:32.220
 important

01:14:32.220 --> 01:14:33.220
 these are

01:14:33.220 --> 01:14:34.119
 important things

01:14:34.119 --> 01:14:35.420
 but they're

01:14:35.420 --> 01:14:36.000
 only stepping

01:14:36.000 --> 01:14:36.599
 stones to

01:14:36.599 --> 01:14:37.420
 the ultimate

01:14:37.420 --> 01:14:38.859
 goal

01:14:38.859 --> 01:14:49.599
 yeah

01:14:49.599 --> 01:14:51.500
 yes absolutely

01:14:51.500 --> 01:14:52.460
 absolutely

01:14:52.460 --> 01:14:53.319
 yeah

01:14:53.319 --> 01:14:55.039
 I agree with

01:14:55.039 --> 01:14:55.219
 that

01:14:55.219 --> 01:14:55.880
 we've gone

01:14:55.880 --> 01:14:56.239
 over

01:14:56.239 --> 01:14:58.019
 I'm happy to

01:14:58.019 --> 01:14:58.639
 answer more

01:14:58.639 --> 01:14:59.219
 questions but if

01:14:59.219 --> 01:14:59.659
 you got to go

01:14:59.659 --> 01:15:00.159
 you got to go

01:15:00.159 --> 01:15:00.599
 but otherwise

01:15:00.599 --> 01:15:01.139
 thanks for

01:15:01.139 --> 01:15:01.539
 coming I

01:15:01.539 --> 01:15:02.039
 think we

01:15:02.039 --> 01:15:02.299
 have one

01:15:02.299 --> 01:15:02.819
 more class

01:15:02.819 --> 01:15:03.219
 right John

01:15:03.220 --> 01:15:04.100
 what's the

01:15:04.100 --> 01:15:04.880
 topic on it

01:15:04.880 --> 01:15:05.800
 we're going to

01:15:05.800 --> 01:15:06.699
 be looking at

01:15:06.699 --> 01:15:07.980
 given all these

01:15:07.980 --> 01:15:08.900
 things about the

01:15:08.900 --> 01:15:10.560
 scriptures how

01:15:10.560 --> 01:15:12.220
 how do they come

01:15:12.220 --> 01:15:12.619
 to make a

01:15:12.619 --> 01:15:13.420
 difference in our

01:15:13.420 --> 01:15:14.739
 lives so we're

01:15:14.739 --> 01:15:14.980
 going to look

01:15:14.980 --> 01:15:16.020
 particularly at

01:15:16.020 --> 01:15:17.039
 how the word of

01:15:17.039 --> 01:15:17.760
 Christ the

01:15:17.760 --> 01:15:19.760
 gospels can come

01:15:19.760 --> 01:15:20.560
 to dwell in us

01:15:20.560 --> 01:15:21.340
 richly and

01:15:21.340 --> 01:15:22.300
 transforming us

01:15:22.300 --> 01:15:23.859
 particularly at

01:15:23.859 --> 01:15:25.100
 meditation it's

01:15:25.100 --> 01:15:25.440
 kind of the

01:15:25.440 --> 01:15:26.500
 capstone in

01:15:26.500 --> 01:15:28.359
 application of

01:15:28.359 --> 01:15:29.460
 these things so

01:15:29.460 --> 01:15:30.619
 yeah all right

01:15:30.619 --> 01:15:31.400
 stay tuned how

01:15:31.400 --> 01:15:32.340
 to have the word

01:15:32.340 --> 01:15:32.980
 of Christ come

01:15:32.980 --> 01:15:33.359
 to the world

01:15:33.359 --> 01:15:33.819
 we wish

01:15:33.819 --> 01:15:35.279
 all right thank

01:15:35.279 --> 01:15:35.679
 you so much

01:15:35.679 --> 01:15:35.920
 everyone