WEBVTT 00:00:00.000 --> 00:00:03.040 We hope that you enjoy this teaching from Christ Church. 00:00:03.660 --> 00:00:13.220 This material is copyrighted and no unauthorized duplication, redistribution, or any other use of any part is permitted without prior consent from Christ Church. 00:00:13.560 --> 00:00:20.580 Please consider donating to this work in the San Francisco Bay Area online at ChristChurchEastBay.org. 00:00:23.260 --> 00:00:26.240 Good morning. My name is Catherine St. Clair. 00:00:26.239 --> 00:00:35.359 Today's scripture reading is from the Gospel according to John 2, verses 1-11, as found in your liturgy. 00:00:37.299 --> 00:00:42.060 On the third day, a wedding took place at Cana in Galilee. 00:00:42.980 --> 00:00:48.379 Jesus' mother was there, and Jesus and his disciples had also been invited to the wedding. 00:00:48.379 --> 00:00:53.099 When the wine was gone, Jesus' mother said to him, 00:00:53.959 --> 00:00:55.219 They have no more wine. 00:00:56.240 --> 00:00:59.500 Woman, why do you involve me? Jesus replied. 00:01:00.219 --> 00:01:02.400 My hour has not yet come. 00:01:03.600 --> 00:01:05.700 His mother said to the servants, 00:01:06.379 --> 00:01:08.120 Do whatever he tells you. 00:01:09.400 --> 00:01:12.640 Nearby stood six stone water jars, 00:01:13.060 --> 00:01:16.020 the kind used by the Jews for ceremonial washing, 00:01:16.799 --> 00:01:19.680 each holding from twenty to thirty gallons. 00:01:19.680 --> 00:01:22.140 Jesus said to the servants, 00:01:22.140 --> 00:01:24.140 Fill the jars with water. 00:01:24.140 --> 00:01:27.100 So they filled them to the brim. 00:01:27.860 --> 00:01:29.340 Then he told them, 00:01:30.060 --> 00:01:34.100 Now draw some out and take it to the master of the banquet. 00:01:34.780 --> 00:01:36.040 They did so, 00:01:36.360 --> 00:01:39.140 and the master of the banquet tasted the water 00:01:39.140 --> 00:01:41.820 that had been turned into wine. 00:01:41.819 --> 00:01:45.579 He did not realize where it had come from, 00:01:45.579 --> 00:01:48.199 though the servants who had drawn the water knew. 00:01:49.159 --> 00:01:52.399 Then he called the bridegroom aside and said, 00:01:53.239 --> 00:01:56.059 Everyone brings out the choice wine first, 00:01:56.479 --> 00:01:58.179 and then the cheaper wine, 00:01:58.419 --> 00:02:01.060 after the guests have had too much to drink. 00:02:01.060 --> 00:02:04.879 But you have saved the best till now. 00:02:05.879 --> 00:02:08.960 What Jesus did here in Cana of Galilee 00:02:08.960 --> 00:02:11.280 was the first of the signs 00:02:11.280 --> 00:02:13.759 through which he revealed his glory, 00:02:14.280 --> 00:02:17.360 and his disciples believed in him. 00:02:18.080 --> 00:02:19.980 This is the gospel of the Lord. 00:02:20.879 --> 00:02:22.460 Praise to you, Lord Christ. 00:02:22.460 --> 00:02:22.900 Hello. 00:02:26.320 --> 00:02:27.480 Good morning, Christchurch family. 00:02:27.640 --> 00:02:28.780 Happy New Year. 00:02:28.900 --> 00:02:30.420 Happy 2022. 00:02:32.300 --> 00:02:33.920 For those of you here for the first time, 00:02:34.280 --> 00:02:35.620 normally you'd find Pastor Jonathan 00:02:35.620 --> 00:02:37.280 or Pastor Andrew up here preaching, 00:02:37.540 --> 00:02:39.540 but today you've got me. 00:02:39.879 --> 00:02:40.540 My name is Jesse, 00:02:40.620 --> 00:02:41.800 and I work in the church office. 00:02:43.080 --> 00:02:44.480 I'm here because a few months ago, 00:02:44.560 --> 00:02:46.719 Pastor Andrew asked if I'd like to preach 00:02:46.719 --> 00:02:48.800 on December 26th, 00:02:48.800 --> 00:02:50.080 which was last Sunday, 00:02:50.360 --> 00:02:52.040 or today, January 2nd, 00:02:52.039 --> 00:02:53.379 and I picked today because I thought 00:02:53.379 --> 00:02:56.079 it would give me an additional week of preparation. 00:02:57.239 --> 00:02:58.500 But it just turned out 00:02:58.500 --> 00:03:00.340 I had an additional week of procrastination. 00:03:01.959 --> 00:03:04.259 So today is not only the first Sunday of the new year, 00:03:04.340 --> 00:03:06.819 but it's also my first time preaching here at Christchurch. 00:03:07.299 --> 00:03:08.500 I've preached at some other churches. 00:03:08.680 --> 00:03:09.659 I've preached a few times before, 00:03:09.780 --> 00:03:11.299 but it's my first time preaching here, 00:03:11.919 --> 00:03:13.479 and depending on how things go 00:03:13.479 --> 00:03:15.139 in the next 30 minutes or so, 00:03:15.799 --> 00:03:18.120 we'll see if it might also be my last time preaching here. 00:03:18.120 --> 00:03:23.920 So today's sermon text is John 2, verses 1 through 11, 00:03:24.580 --> 00:03:27.520 where we see Jesus performing his first sign, 00:03:27.879 --> 00:03:29.099 turning water into wine. 00:03:30.539 --> 00:03:32.980 And even though turning water into wine 00:03:32.980 --> 00:03:34.620 is a miracle, 00:03:35.540 --> 00:03:36.080 it's miraculous, 00:03:37.000 --> 00:03:38.400 John, the author of this gospel, 00:03:38.540 --> 00:03:39.520 calls it a sign. 00:03:39.520 --> 00:03:44.480 And why is this a sign? 00:03:44.659 --> 00:03:46.640 Why is it something that's more than a miracle? 00:03:47.240 --> 00:03:48.300 So for two reasons. 00:03:49.020 --> 00:03:51.460 One, it is a foretaste of the age to come. 00:03:51.960 --> 00:03:55.040 And two, it is a glimpse of God's glory. 00:03:56.260 --> 00:03:57.660 A foretaste of the age to come 00:03:57.660 --> 00:03:59.719 and a glimpse of God's glory. 00:03:59.719 --> 00:04:03.979 We'll also talk about the significance 00:04:03.979 --> 00:04:06.360 of this sign happening at a wedding. 00:04:06.939 --> 00:04:09.139 And we'll talk about the significance of wine. 00:04:10.620 --> 00:04:12.860 So the four keywords you can keep in your head 00:04:12.860 --> 00:04:14.939 as you're listening are foretaste, 00:04:15.599 --> 00:04:17.819 glimpse, wedding, and wine. 00:04:19.839 --> 00:04:22.399 All right, let's start our exploration 00:04:22.399 --> 00:04:24.600 of today's passage by going to the last verse, 00:04:25.360 --> 00:04:25.920 verse 11, 00:04:26.860 --> 00:04:27.379 where it says, 00:04:27.379 --> 00:04:29.180 What Jesus did here in Cana of Galilee 00:04:29.180 --> 00:04:31.000 was the first of the signs 00:04:31.000 --> 00:04:32.920 through which he revealed his glory. 00:04:33.420 --> 00:04:35.720 And his disciples believed in him. 00:04:36.740 --> 00:04:39.300 Now, what does it mean that this was a sign? 00:04:40.079 --> 00:04:41.199 To help explain this, 00:04:41.900 --> 00:04:43.680 I'll talk about a store that 00:04:43.680 --> 00:04:45.699 most of us know about 00:04:45.699 --> 00:04:47.680 and some of us might even love. 00:04:48.460 --> 00:04:51.800 This store is known for its bigness. 00:04:52.280 --> 00:04:53.860 The stores themselves are big 00:04:53.860 --> 00:04:56.420 and the items for sale in the store are big 00:04:56.420 --> 00:04:57.819 because they're sold in bulk. 00:04:57.819 --> 00:04:59.540 So what store do you think I'm talking about? 00:05:00.339 --> 00:05:01.540 Costco, yeah, you got it. 00:05:01.639 --> 00:05:02.019 Costco. 00:05:02.740 --> 00:05:04.759 Costco is known for being big, right? 00:05:05.279 --> 00:05:07.879 But Costco is also known for something small. 00:05:09.480 --> 00:05:12.639 And that thing that's small that Costco is known for 00:05:12.639 --> 00:05:18.539 are small samples, right? 00:05:18.540 --> 00:05:20.220 How many of you, when you go to Costco, 00:05:20.300 --> 00:05:21.220 try to get a few samples? 00:05:21.560 --> 00:05:22.500 Yeah, most of us. 00:05:24.379 --> 00:05:24.700 And 00:05:24.700 --> 00:05:28.260 turning the page here. 00:05:30.660 --> 00:05:32.260 In case you've never been to Costco, 00:05:32.540 --> 00:05:34.420 if you've never experienced the wonder of free samples, 00:05:34.700 --> 00:05:35.360 what it is is 00:05:35.360 --> 00:05:38.240 throughout the main aisles of the store 00:05:38.240 --> 00:05:40.280 or scattered in the main aisles of the store 00:05:40.280 --> 00:05:41.240 are these stations 00:05:41.240 --> 00:05:43.060 where there's a Costco employee 00:05:43.060 --> 00:05:46.259 kind of giving out free bite-sized pieces 00:05:46.259 --> 00:05:48.680 of some type of food item that's for sale 00:05:48.680 --> 00:05:50.160 at that store. 00:05:52.019 --> 00:05:52.319 And 00:05:52.319 --> 00:05:54.000 so for example, 00:05:54.120 --> 00:05:57.340 let's say they're selling frozen ravioli at Costco. 00:05:58.019 --> 00:06:00.780 So if there's a sample of this ravioli, 00:06:01.240 --> 00:06:03.639 there'll be an employee who's heating up the ravioli 00:06:03.639 --> 00:06:05.659 and then kind of apportioning it out 00:06:05.659 --> 00:06:07.039 into little bite-sized pieces. 00:06:09.079 --> 00:06:09.519 Now, 00:06:09.719 --> 00:06:11.000 you might be wondering, 00:06:11.519 --> 00:06:15.219 what does ravioli have to do with the Bible? 00:06:16.560 --> 00:06:17.000 Well, 00:06:17.120 --> 00:06:18.300 I'm going to ask you a question, 00:06:18.419 --> 00:06:18.919 which is, 00:06:19.379 --> 00:06:22.819 what is the purpose of a sample of ravioli? 00:06:23.860 --> 00:06:24.500 The purpose, 00:06:24.759 --> 00:06:26.279 what is the purpose of a sample? 00:06:26.699 --> 00:06:27.819 The purpose of a sample 00:06:27.819 --> 00:06:30.599 is to give you a taste of a larger item 00:06:30.599 --> 00:06:33.599 and to point you towards it, right? 00:06:33.639 --> 00:06:36.620 A sample is supposed to give you a taste of the item 00:06:36.620 --> 00:06:37.800 and point you towards it. 00:06:39.860 --> 00:06:41.639 The same for a sign. 00:06:42.659 --> 00:06:44.360 Another example of a sign is 00:06:44.360 --> 00:06:46.180 if you drove here today 00:06:46.180 --> 00:06:46.939 and you took the freeway, 00:06:47.039 --> 00:06:48.560 you might have seen a sign on the freeway 00:06:48.560 --> 00:06:50.439 that says University Avenue 00:06:50.439 --> 00:06:53.039 or Telegraph Avenue, right? 00:06:53.099 --> 00:06:56.079 And that sign is not the road in itself, right? 00:06:56.079 --> 00:06:58.019 The sign that says University Avenue 00:06:58.019 --> 00:07:00.079 isn't University Avenue. 00:07:00.680 --> 00:07:02.500 It's meant to point you towards it. 00:07:03.500 --> 00:07:04.540 So, in the same way, 00:07:05.240 --> 00:07:05.759 in the Bible, 00:07:05.860 --> 00:07:09.639 when we see something that Jesus has done, 00:07:10.180 --> 00:07:11.399 called a sign, 00:07:12.000 --> 00:07:14.939 it's supposed to give us a taste of something larger 00:07:14.939 --> 00:07:18.120 and to point us toward a larger reality. 00:07:19.680 --> 00:07:21.220 Also, if you look at verse 11, 00:07:22.019 --> 00:07:22.779 it says, 00:07:23.519 --> 00:07:24.839 the first of the signs. 00:07:24.839 --> 00:07:29.199 What's kind of interesting is that the Greek word 00:07:29.199 --> 00:07:30.879 that we translate here as first, 00:07:31.819 --> 00:07:33.419 it's the Greek word archa, 00:07:33.599 --> 00:07:36.159 which can also be translated as beginning. 00:07:37.019 --> 00:07:38.560 So, you could also translate this as 00:07:38.560 --> 00:07:40.419 the beginning of the signs. 00:07:41.519 --> 00:07:44.539 And the word archa is a pretty important word in the Bible. 00:07:44.540 --> 00:07:46.660 At the beginning, 00:07:46.800 --> 00:07:48.379 at the opening of the Gospel of John, 00:07:49.040 --> 00:07:52.300 at the opening of the Greek translation 00:07:52.300 --> 00:07:53.520 of the book of Genesis, 00:07:54.180 --> 00:07:55.680 how do those two books begin? 00:07:55.819 --> 00:07:56.980 They begin the same way, right? 00:07:57.180 --> 00:07:58.040 In the beginning. 00:07:59.040 --> 00:07:59.560 And in Greek, 00:07:59.740 --> 00:08:01.480 that term is N-R-K. 00:08:02.360 --> 00:08:03.580 So, by calling this 00:08:03.580 --> 00:08:05.300 the beginning of the signs, 00:08:05.379 --> 00:08:06.800 we have kind of a connection 00:08:06.800 --> 00:08:12.439 that connects us to creation, 00:08:12.600 --> 00:08:13.160 that connects us, 00:08:13.520 --> 00:08:14.920 that kind of lets us see that 00:08:14.920 --> 00:08:16.900 it's a hint that Jesus 00:08:16.900 --> 00:08:20.000 is the creator God. 00:08:20.439 --> 00:08:21.240 Jesus is God. 00:08:22.100 --> 00:08:23.960 The same God who created at the beginning, 00:08:24.220 --> 00:08:26.660 the same God who is preexistent and eternal. 00:08:31.080 --> 00:08:33.340 Now, the miracle itself, 00:08:34.299 --> 00:08:34.720 the sign, 00:08:34.899 --> 00:08:36.159 turning water into wine, 00:08:36.919 --> 00:08:38.879 also connects us to God's creation 00:08:38.879 --> 00:08:40.639 in Genesis 1, 00:08:40.899 --> 00:08:42.399 where God creates the universe 00:08:42.399 --> 00:08:43.980 out of nothing. 00:08:44.980 --> 00:08:47.279 And this doctrine of God creating out of nothing 00:08:47.279 --> 00:08:49.539 has a Latin phrase, 00:08:49.819 --> 00:08:50.939 has a Latin name for it. 00:08:51.100 --> 00:08:51.779 Does anyone know it? 00:08:53.240 --> 00:08:54.100 Yeah, some of you are nodding. 00:08:54.179 --> 00:08:55.980 Yeah, creatio ex nihilo. 00:08:56.339 --> 00:08:57.379 Pardon my pronunciation. 00:08:58.759 --> 00:09:01.059 But I think it's pronounced creatio ex nihilo, 00:09:01.059 --> 00:09:03.019 which means creation out of nothing 00:09:03.019 --> 00:09:04.779 or creation from nothing. 00:09:04.779 --> 00:09:07.159 And there's an aspect of that 00:09:07.159 --> 00:09:10.220 to this miracle that Jesus does here, 00:09:10.419 --> 00:09:11.579 turning water into wine. 00:09:14.639 --> 00:09:16.259 What I mean is that 00:09:16.259 --> 00:09:21.500 some of the key and necessary ingredients 00:09:21.500 --> 00:09:24.059 that make wine, 00:09:25.059 --> 00:09:25.500 wine, 00:09:26.019 --> 00:09:28.419 are simply not present in water. 00:09:28.419 --> 00:09:32.319 or to look at it from another perspective, 00:09:32.439 --> 00:09:34.439 let's think about healing, right? 00:09:34.519 --> 00:09:36.000 We know Jesus healed people. 00:09:38.539 --> 00:09:39.500 With the human body, 00:09:39.559 --> 00:09:42.139 we know that if we give the body enough time, 00:09:42.620 --> 00:09:46.259 it kind of can naturally heal from many injuries. 00:09:46.399 --> 00:09:47.019 Not all of them, 00:09:47.099 --> 00:09:48.219 but the human body can heal. 00:09:48.579 --> 00:09:51.599 Or if you have a broken bone, right? 00:09:51.600 --> 00:09:54.019 I've actually had a fractured middle finger before 00:09:54.019 --> 00:09:55.279 from a motorcycle accident. 00:09:55.779 --> 00:09:57.800 And I know that if you just kind of put things back 00:09:57.800 --> 00:09:59.120 and give it enough time, 00:09:59.759 --> 00:10:01.000 the bone will heal. 00:10:01.240 --> 00:10:02.519 The human body can heal itself. 00:10:03.580 --> 00:10:05.240 But with this sign, 00:10:05.580 --> 00:10:08.279 with this miracle of Jesus turning water into wine, 00:10:08.860 --> 00:10:10.460 no matter how much time, 00:10:11.040 --> 00:10:13.220 no matter how much time you give it, 00:10:13.279 --> 00:10:14.240 no matter how long you wait, 00:10:14.779 --> 00:10:16.820 water will never become wine. 00:10:16.820 --> 00:10:22.260 The ingredients for wine simply are not present in water. 00:10:22.900 --> 00:10:23.980 Water doesn't have sugar 00:10:23.980 --> 00:10:25.460 that can be broken down by yeast 00:10:25.460 --> 00:10:28.360 to create alcohol. 00:10:30.620 --> 00:10:33.240 Water doesn't have pigment from grape skins 00:10:33.240 --> 00:10:34.780 to give wine its color. 00:10:35.240 --> 00:10:38.660 Water doesn't have the flavor compounds 00:10:38.660 --> 00:10:41.020 that make grape juice taste grapey 00:10:41.020 --> 00:10:42.620 and wine taste whiny. 00:10:44.900 --> 00:10:46.420 Should have revised that one. 00:10:46.820 --> 00:10:51.160 So without spending too much time on this topic, 00:10:51.520 --> 00:10:53.760 when Jesus turns water into wine, 00:10:54.220 --> 00:10:57.140 he is demonstrating some aspect of creatio ex nihilo. 00:10:57.300 --> 00:10:59.879 He's creating something out of nothing. 00:11:00.700 --> 00:11:02.620 He's demonstrating the power of God 00:11:02.620 --> 00:11:04.480 to create something out of nothing. 00:11:05.840 --> 00:11:08.120 So with this sign, 00:11:08.379 --> 00:11:09.660 which is more than a miracle, 00:11:10.740 --> 00:11:12.620 which is the beginning of his signs, 00:11:13.200 --> 00:11:15.920 Jesus is revealing to us that he is God. 00:11:15.919 --> 00:11:17.259 The same creator God 00:11:17.259 --> 00:11:18.839 who is preexistent, internal, 00:11:19.139 --> 00:11:21.719 who created the universe out of nothing. 00:11:24.439 --> 00:11:26.939 Now that we've established what a sign is, 00:11:27.639 --> 00:11:30.659 let's explore today's passage from the first verse. 00:11:30.799 --> 00:11:32.079 We'll look at the first two verses. 00:11:33.679 --> 00:11:35.839 Feel free to follow along in the Pew Bibles 00:11:35.839 --> 00:11:37.620 or on a Bible app, 00:11:37.620 --> 00:11:39.960 or in the liturgy. 00:11:40.899 --> 00:11:41.299 Verse one, 00:11:42.019 --> 00:11:53.360 What's the setting? 00:11:53.500 --> 00:11:54.860 The setting here is a wedding. 00:11:54.860 --> 00:11:56.180 And Jesus, 00:11:56.440 --> 00:11:57.060 his disciples, 00:11:57.200 --> 00:11:57.720 and his mother 00:11:57.720 --> 00:11:59.480 have all been invited. 00:12:00.440 --> 00:12:01.720 Although we don't know if Jesus 00:12:01.720 --> 00:12:03.300 was a friend of the married couple 00:12:03.300 --> 00:12:04.159 or their families, 00:12:05.060 --> 00:12:06.180 in that time and place, 00:12:06.419 --> 00:12:07.379 it was customary 00:12:07.379 --> 00:12:08.820 to invite 00:12:08.820 --> 00:12:10.580 the entire village 00:12:10.580 --> 00:12:11.980 to a wedding, 00:12:12.240 --> 00:12:14.019 and even people from neighboring villages. 00:12:15.940 --> 00:12:16.820 Jewish weddings 00:12:16.820 --> 00:12:19.960 often lasted for seven days 00:12:19.960 --> 00:12:22.340 and included music 00:12:22.340 --> 00:12:23.440 and dancing. 00:12:24.860 --> 00:12:25.980 The groom's family 00:12:25.980 --> 00:12:27.240 normally hosted the wedding 00:12:27.240 --> 00:12:29.300 and would try to invite 00:12:29.300 --> 00:12:30.940 as many people as possible, 00:12:31.940 --> 00:12:33.840 especially distinguished guests 00:12:33.840 --> 00:12:35.019 like a religious, 00:12:35.720 --> 00:12:37.120 like a well-known religious teacher. 00:12:37.120 --> 00:12:40.179 One commentary suggests 00:12:40.179 --> 00:12:42.279 that the host of this wedding 00:12:42.279 --> 00:12:44.159 was probably well-off 00:12:44.159 --> 00:12:45.340 because of the presence 00:12:45.340 --> 00:12:46.220 of servants 00:12:46.220 --> 00:12:47.379 at the banquet 00:12:47.379 --> 00:12:49.840 and the large amount of water 00:12:49.840 --> 00:12:51.340 in these stone jars. 00:12:52.460 --> 00:12:54.100 Six jars doesn't sound like 00:12:54.100 --> 00:12:54.639 a lot of water, 00:12:54.799 --> 00:12:55.200 but remember, 00:12:55.320 --> 00:12:56.980 each jar held between 00:12:56.980 --> 00:12:58.580 20 and 30 gallons. 00:12:58.940 --> 00:12:59.779 So if you do some math, 00:13:00.080 --> 00:13:01.379 how much water in total is that? 00:13:02.039 --> 00:13:05.019 120 to 180 gallons. 00:13:05.019 --> 00:13:05.220 So, 00:13:06.879 --> 00:13:07.539 you're probably expecting 00:13:07.539 --> 00:13:08.139 a lot of guests. 00:13:10.259 --> 00:13:11.980 Let's look at the next two verses, 00:13:12.439 --> 00:13:13.360 verses three and four. 00:13:14.899 --> 00:13:16.019 When the wine was gone, 00:13:16.299 --> 00:13:17.500 Jesus' mother said to him, 00:13:18.159 --> 00:13:19.139 they have no more wine. 00:13:19.960 --> 00:13:21.539 Woman, why do you involve me? 00:13:21.659 --> 00:13:22.279 Jesus replied, 00:13:22.519 --> 00:13:24.120 my hour has not yet come. 00:13:28.740 --> 00:13:30.159 If you feel surprised by this 00:13:30.159 --> 00:13:31.980 or find it hard to understand, 00:13:32.120 --> 00:13:32.679 you're not alone. 00:13:32.980 --> 00:13:33.679 Bible scholars 00:13:33.679 --> 00:13:35.379 and pastors also admitted 00:13:35.379 --> 00:13:38.919 that this passage, 00:13:39.099 --> 00:13:39.939 especially verse four, 00:13:40.500 --> 00:13:42.419 can be hard or perplexing 00:13:42.419 --> 00:13:43.439 for modern readers 00:13:43.439 --> 00:13:44.019 to understand. 00:13:47.039 --> 00:13:47.959 Actually, let's go back 00:13:47.959 --> 00:13:48.439 a little bit. 00:13:50.139 --> 00:13:51.219 Going back to this wedding. 00:13:55.079 --> 00:13:56.079 We see in verse three 00:13:56.079 --> 00:13:56.859 that the wedding 00:13:56.859 --> 00:13:58.479 has run out of wine, right? 00:13:58.679 --> 00:13:59.859 Jesus' mother says to Jesus, 00:14:00.039 --> 00:14:00.859 they have no more wine. 00:14:00.860 --> 00:14:03.940 Now, why is this a big deal? 00:14:05.180 --> 00:14:06.320 So, the Middle East, 00:14:06.879 --> 00:14:08.480 then and now, 00:14:08.980 --> 00:14:10.500 is a shame 00:14:10.500 --> 00:14:11.240 and honor 00:14:11.240 --> 00:14:12.440 culture. 00:14:13.519 --> 00:14:15.340 And the family 00:14:15.340 --> 00:14:16.180 is the fundamental 00:14:16.180 --> 00:14:18.159 unit of society. 00:14:18.700 --> 00:14:19.700 So, it's a little bit different 00:14:19.700 --> 00:14:20.620 than here in the West, 00:14:20.980 --> 00:14:22.720 where the individual 00:14:22.720 --> 00:14:23.539 is the fundamental 00:14:23.539 --> 00:14:24.519 unit of society. 00:14:25.019 --> 00:14:26.180 And although we do have 00:14:26.180 --> 00:14:27.080 some aspects of shame 00:14:27.080 --> 00:14:27.480 and culture, 00:14:28.180 --> 00:14:29.340 we're kind of relative 00:14:29.340 --> 00:14:30.340 to the Middle East 00:14:30.340 --> 00:14:31.420 or other Eastern cultures, 00:14:31.860 --> 00:14:32.940 we're kind of more of a 00:14:32.940 --> 00:14:34.519 guilt and innocence culture. 00:14:35.680 --> 00:14:37.379 So, shame and honor culture 00:14:37.379 --> 00:14:38.200 in the Middle East. 00:14:39.300 --> 00:14:40.960 To run out of wine 00:14:40.960 --> 00:14:41.780 at a wedding 00:14:41.780 --> 00:14:43.540 is to fail 00:14:43.540 --> 00:14:44.519 to be a good host. 00:14:44.660 --> 00:14:45.120 It's to fail 00:14:45.120 --> 00:14:45.660 to live up 00:14:45.660 --> 00:14:46.540 to that expectation 00:14:46.540 --> 00:14:48.139 of hospitality. 00:14:48.879 --> 00:14:49.320 So, 00:14:49.420 --> 00:14:49.980 to run out of wine 00:14:49.980 --> 00:14:50.660 at a wedding 00:14:50.660 --> 00:14:51.980 could bring 00:14:51.980 --> 00:14:52.960 lasting shame 00:14:52.960 --> 00:14:55.120 to the groom's family. 00:14:58.200 --> 00:14:58.639 So, 00:14:59.100 --> 00:15:00.080 that said, 00:15:00.160 --> 00:15:00.600 let's go back 00:15:00.600 --> 00:15:01.980 to verse 4, 00:15:02.320 --> 00:15:02.980 where Jesus says, 00:15:03.060 --> 00:15:04.340 Woman, why do you involve me? 00:15:04.460 --> 00:15:04.980 My hour 00:15:04.980 --> 00:15:06.120 has not yet come. 00:15:07.200 --> 00:15:07.440 So, 00:15:08.420 --> 00:15:08.980 Jesus says, 00:15:09.060 --> 00:15:09.240 Woman, 00:15:09.740 --> 00:15:10.160 and 00:15:10.160 --> 00:15:12.120 the Greek word 00:15:12.120 --> 00:15:12.680 used there 00:15:12.680 --> 00:15:13.480 is kind of equivalent 00:15:13.480 --> 00:15:14.540 to the English word 00:15:14.540 --> 00:15:15.180 ma'am. 00:15:15.860 --> 00:15:16.759 It's respectful, 00:15:17.019 --> 00:15:17.639 but it creates 00:15:17.639 --> 00:15:18.420 distance. 00:15:18.419 --> 00:15:20.659 Then, 00:15:21.259 --> 00:15:21.959 when Jesus says, 00:15:22.240 --> 00:15:23.659 why do you involve me? 00:15:24.039 --> 00:15:24.699 The Greek there 00:15:24.699 --> 00:15:25.759 is just four words, 00:15:26.000 --> 00:15:26.779 which if you translate 00:15:26.779 --> 00:15:27.719 word for word, 00:15:28.899 --> 00:15:29.379 says, 00:15:29.759 --> 00:15:29.919 what, 00:15:30.179 --> 00:15:30.519 me, 00:15:30.699 --> 00:15:31.179 and you. 00:15:31.479 --> 00:15:31.699 What, 00:15:31.799 --> 00:15:31.919 me, 00:15:31.979 --> 00:15:32.240 and you. 00:15:33.019 --> 00:15:33.959 And when you look at 00:15:33.959 --> 00:15:34.579 other occurrences 00:15:34.579 --> 00:15:35.339 of this phrase 00:15:35.339 --> 00:15:37.620 in the Greek version 00:15:37.620 --> 00:15:38.379 of the Old Testament, 00:15:39.139 --> 00:15:39.919 it creates 00:15:39.919 --> 00:15:41.099 distance 00:15:41.099 --> 00:15:42.139 between the speaker 00:15:42.139 --> 00:15:43.179 and the hearer. 00:15:44.980 --> 00:15:45.240 So, 00:15:45.519 --> 00:15:46.139 taken in total, 00:15:46.339 --> 00:15:47.839 Jesus is creating 00:15:47.840 --> 00:15:48.440 a distance 00:15:48.440 --> 00:15:49.399 between himself 00:15:49.399 --> 00:15:50.220 and his mother. 00:15:51.840 --> 00:15:52.139 And then, 00:15:52.220 --> 00:15:53.399 at the end of verse 4, 00:15:53.600 --> 00:15:54.240 Jesus says, 00:15:54.680 --> 00:15:55.320 My hour 00:15:55.320 --> 00:15:56.399 has not yet come. 00:15:56.759 --> 00:15:57.180 And what is he 00:15:57.180 --> 00:15:58.040 talking about here? 00:15:58.740 --> 00:15:59.060 Well, 00:15:59.840 --> 00:16:01.600 in the Gospels, 00:16:01.759 --> 00:16:02.399 when Jesus talks 00:16:02.399 --> 00:16:03.340 about his hour 00:16:03.340 --> 00:16:04.220 or the hour 00:16:04.220 --> 00:16:05.060 or my hour, 00:16:05.200 --> 00:16:05.820 he's referring 00:16:05.820 --> 00:16:07.220 to his crucifixion 00:16:07.220 --> 00:16:08.820 and the time 00:16:08.820 --> 00:16:09.320 and events 00:16:09.320 --> 00:16:10.759 surrounding it. 00:16:11.620 --> 00:16:11.840 So, 00:16:11.920 --> 00:16:12.500 his arrest, 00:16:12.840 --> 00:16:13.080 death, 00:16:13.500 --> 00:16:14.139 crucifixion, 00:16:14.580 --> 00:16:14.900 resurrection, 00:16:15.240 --> 00:16:15.900 and ascension. 00:16:15.899 --> 00:16:18.379 The word hour 00:16:18.379 --> 00:16:19.199 is spoken of this, 00:16:19.519 --> 00:16:20.120 in this way, 00:16:20.799 --> 00:16:21.779 in the Gospel of John 00:16:21.779 --> 00:16:22.639 seven more times 00:16:22.639 --> 00:16:23.439 and also 00:16:23.439 --> 00:16:24.620 in the other three Gospels, 00:16:24.779 --> 00:16:25.079 Matthew, 00:16:25.600 --> 00:16:25.799 Mark, 00:16:25.860 --> 00:16:26.179 and Luke. 00:16:33.919 --> 00:16:34.360 So, 00:16:34.419 --> 00:16:35.100 when Jesus says 00:16:35.100 --> 00:16:35.840 to his mother, 00:16:35.840 --> 00:16:36.459 my hour 00:16:36.459 --> 00:16:37.840 has not yet come, 00:16:38.439 --> 00:16:40.120 he is telling her 00:16:40.120 --> 00:16:42.779 that his primary task, 00:16:42.919 --> 00:16:43.740 his primary mission 00:16:43.740 --> 00:16:44.299 on earth, 00:16:45.240 --> 00:16:46.200 has not yet arrived. 00:16:47.100 --> 00:16:48.000 All the signs 00:16:48.000 --> 00:16:48.379 and miracles 00:16:48.379 --> 00:16:49.019 that he's done, 00:16:49.519 --> 00:16:50.379 those are important, 00:16:50.899 --> 00:16:52.600 but what is most important 00:16:52.600 --> 00:16:54.080 for us, 00:16:54.340 --> 00:16:54.860 for humanity, 00:16:55.360 --> 00:16:56.039 to be saved, 00:16:56.519 --> 00:16:57.399 what is most important 00:16:57.399 --> 00:16:58.700 for our relationship 00:16:58.700 --> 00:16:59.180 with God 00:16:59.180 --> 00:16:59.860 to be restored, 00:17:00.720 --> 00:17:01.019 was, 00:17:01.799 --> 00:17:02.120 one, 00:17:02.259 --> 00:17:02.799 Jesus' death 00:17:02.799 --> 00:17:04.200 on the cross 00:17:04.200 --> 00:17:06.359 as sinless 00:17:06.359 --> 00:17:07.539 and fully God 00:17:07.539 --> 00:17:08.180 and fully human, 00:17:08.759 --> 00:17:09.099 two, 00:17:09.420 --> 00:17:10.059 his resurrection, 00:17:10.500 --> 00:17:10.819 and three, 00:17:10.880 --> 00:17:11.579 his ascension. 00:17:11.579 --> 00:17:13.679 Putting all these ideas together, 00:17:13.919 --> 00:17:15.240 when Jesus says to Mary, 00:17:16.639 --> 00:17:17.399 woman, 00:17:17.539 --> 00:17:18.759 why do you involve me? 00:17:18.859 --> 00:17:19.279 My hour 00:17:19.279 --> 00:17:20.139 has not yet come. 00:17:22.099 --> 00:17:23.539 These words 00:17:23.539 --> 00:17:24.279 prepare us 00:17:24.279 --> 00:17:25.480 for what 00:17:25.480 --> 00:17:26.559 is about to happen. 00:17:26.659 --> 00:17:27.359 They prepare us 00:17:27.359 --> 00:17:27.980 for what 00:17:27.980 --> 00:17:29.419 Jesus is about to do. 00:17:31.220 --> 00:17:32.240 He's saying that 00:17:32.240 --> 00:17:34.199 he's not merely 00:17:34.199 --> 00:17:34.980 obeying 00:17:34.980 --> 00:17:36.759 his mother's request, 00:17:39.079 --> 00:17:40.039 but it's also 00:17:40.039 --> 00:17:41.139 not the fulfillment 00:17:41.139 --> 00:17:42.819 of his mission 00:17:42.819 --> 00:17:43.440 on earth. 00:17:44.559 --> 00:17:45.319 It's like we're talking 00:17:45.319 --> 00:17:46.139 about two ends 00:17:46.139 --> 00:17:46.700 of a spectrum. 00:17:47.559 --> 00:17:48.440 What Jesus is about 00:17:48.440 --> 00:17:49.319 to do at this wedding 00:17:49.319 --> 00:17:50.720 is not merely 00:17:50.720 --> 00:17:51.980 a small-scale 00:17:51.980 --> 00:17:52.879 act of salvation 00:17:52.879 --> 00:17:54.799 for this married couple 00:17:54.799 --> 00:17:55.500 and their families, 00:17:56.000 --> 00:17:57.000 but it's also 00:17:57.000 --> 00:17:58.879 not the cosmic-scale 00:17:58.879 --> 00:17:59.779 act of salvation, 00:18:00.819 --> 00:18:01.859 this history-changing 00:18:01.859 --> 00:18:02.680 act of salvation 00:18:02.680 --> 00:18:03.740 for humanity 00:18:03.740 --> 00:18:04.339 and creation. 00:18:05.839 --> 00:18:06.659 Jesus' hour 00:18:06.659 --> 00:18:07.379 had not yet come. 00:18:07.380 --> 00:18:09.940 Let's look at 00:18:09.940 --> 00:18:10.720 the next two verses, 00:18:10.880 --> 00:18:12.320 verses 5 and 6. 00:18:13.500 --> 00:18:14.100 His mother said 00:18:14.100 --> 00:18:14.660 to the servants, 00:18:14.920 --> 00:18:15.300 do whatever 00:18:15.300 --> 00:18:16.040 he tells you. 00:18:17.240 --> 00:18:18.140 Nearby stood 00:18:18.140 --> 00:18:19.460 six stone jars, 00:18:19.620 --> 00:18:20.260 the kind used 00:18:20.260 --> 00:18:20.760 by the Jews 00:18:20.760 --> 00:18:21.900 for ceremonial washing, 00:18:22.580 --> 00:18:23.080 each holding 00:18:23.080 --> 00:18:24.360 from 20 to 30 gallons. 00:18:26.900 --> 00:18:27.720 Let's talk about 00:18:27.720 --> 00:18:29.000 the stone jars here. 00:18:31.500 --> 00:18:32.300 The text says 00:18:32.300 --> 00:18:32.760 that they're used 00:18:32.760 --> 00:18:34.180 for ceremonial washing, 00:18:34.520 --> 00:18:35.540 and we see 00:18:35.540 --> 00:18:36.380 some more information 00:18:36.380 --> 00:18:36.920 about that 00:18:36.920 --> 00:18:38.760 in the Gospel of Mark, 00:18:38.940 --> 00:18:39.760 chapter 7, 00:18:39.860 --> 00:18:41.180 verse 3. 00:18:42.220 --> 00:18:42.880 The Pharisees 00:18:42.880 --> 00:18:43.540 and all the Jews 00:18:43.540 --> 00:18:44.120 do not eat 00:18:44.120 --> 00:18:44.800 unless they give 00:18:44.800 --> 00:18:45.380 their hands 00:18:45.380 --> 00:18:46.680 a ceremonial washing, 00:18:47.260 --> 00:18:48.300 holding to the tradition 00:18:48.300 --> 00:18:49.020 of the elders. 00:18:51.840 --> 00:18:52.660 The ritual 00:18:52.660 --> 00:18:53.600 involved here, 00:18:53.760 --> 00:18:54.820 here involved 00:18:54.820 --> 00:18:55.840 servants 00:18:55.840 --> 00:18:57.160 pouring water, 00:18:57.680 --> 00:18:58.300 taking water 00:18:58.300 --> 00:18:59.240 out of these stone jars 00:18:59.240 --> 00:19:00.100 and pouring it 00:19:00.100 --> 00:19:00.580 over the hands 00:19:00.580 --> 00:19:01.140 of guests. 00:19:01.140 --> 00:19:01.240 spirits. 00:19:04.620 --> 00:19:05.860 And there is 00:19:05.860 --> 00:19:06.460 some significance 00:19:06.460 --> 00:19:07.740 to these stone jars 00:19:07.740 --> 00:19:08.420 that we should 00:19:08.420 --> 00:19:09.920 discuss further. 00:19:11.020 --> 00:19:12.060 The ceremonial washing 00:19:12.060 --> 00:19:13.280 done using 00:19:13.280 --> 00:19:14.000 these stone jars 00:19:14.000 --> 00:19:14.840 was part of a larger 00:19:14.840 --> 00:19:15.940 system in Judaism 00:19:15.940 --> 00:19:17.980 of ceremonies, 00:19:18.600 --> 00:19:19.160 sacrifices, 00:19:19.360 --> 00:19:19.720 and rules. 00:19:21.040 --> 00:19:21.840 These rules 00:19:21.840 --> 00:19:22.580 included rules 00:19:22.580 --> 00:19:23.400 on what people 00:19:23.400 --> 00:19:24.320 could or could not eat. 00:19:26.060 --> 00:19:27.140 And elsewhere 00:19:27.140 --> 00:19:27.820 in the New Testament, 00:19:27.819 --> 00:19:30.419 in Hebrews, 00:19:31.359 --> 00:19:35.439 this is written 00:19:35.439 --> 00:19:36.460 after the 00:19:36.460 --> 00:19:37.500 death, 00:19:37.639 --> 00:19:37.980 resurrection, 00:19:38.119 --> 00:19:38.799 ascension of Jesus. 00:19:39.019 --> 00:19:39.579 Probably written 00:19:39.579 --> 00:19:41.859 around 68 AD. 00:19:42.460 --> 00:19:43.119 And it's written 00:19:43.119 --> 00:19:44.240 to Christians 00:19:44.240 --> 00:19:44.939 who came from 00:19:44.939 --> 00:19:45.700 Jewish backgrounds. 00:19:48.399 --> 00:19:49.039 Hebrews, 00:19:49.200 --> 00:19:49.799 chapter 9, 00:19:49.859 --> 00:19:50.319 verse 10, 00:19:50.439 --> 00:19:50.839 says, 00:19:52.319 --> 00:19:53.619 speaking of these 00:19:53.619 --> 00:19:54.759 rules and laws, 00:19:54.759 --> 00:19:56.339 they are only 00:19:56.339 --> 00:19:57.079 a matter of food 00:19:57.079 --> 00:19:57.519 and drink 00:19:57.519 --> 00:19:58.240 and various 00:19:58.240 --> 00:20:00.099 ceremonial washings, 00:20:00.240 --> 00:20:01.160 external regulations 00:20:01.160 --> 00:20:02.019 applying until the 00:20:02.019 --> 00:20:02.799 time of the new 00:20:02.799 --> 00:20:03.079 order. 00:20:04.359 --> 00:20:05.099 And then going 00:20:05.099 --> 00:20:05.720 on a few more 00:20:05.720 --> 00:20:06.859 verses to chapter 10 00:20:06.859 --> 00:20:07.480 in Hebrews, 00:20:07.759 --> 00:20:08.519 verses 1 and 2, 00:20:08.920 --> 00:20:09.940 it says that the law 00:20:09.940 --> 00:20:10.900 is only a shadow 00:20:10.900 --> 00:20:11.839 of the good things 00:20:11.839 --> 00:20:12.539 that are coming, 00:20:13.000 --> 00:20:13.940 not the reality 00:20:13.940 --> 00:20:14.740 themselves. 00:20:16.640 --> 00:20:17.460 For this reason, 00:20:17.839 --> 00:20:18.460 it can never, 00:20:18.640 --> 00:20:19.640 by the same sacrifices 00:20:19.640 --> 00:20:20.599 repeated endlessly 00:20:20.599 --> 00:20:22.019 year after year, 00:20:22.259 --> 00:20:22.859 make perfect 00:20:22.859 --> 00:20:23.940 those who draw 00:20:23.940 --> 00:20:24.700 near to worship. 00:20:24.759 --> 00:20:26.940 Otherwise, 00:20:27.619 --> 00:20:28.539 would they not 00:20:28.539 --> 00:20:29.039 have stopped 00:20:29.039 --> 00:20:29.640 being offered? 00:20:30.180 --> 00:20:31.079 For the worshipers 00:20:31.079 --> 00:20:31.779 would have been 00:20:31.779 --> 00:20:32.900 cleansed once for all 00:20:32.900 --> 00:20:34.259 and would no longer 00:20:34.259 --> 00:20:35.039 have felt guilty 00:20:35.039 --> 00:20:35.900 for their sins. 00:20:37.960 --> 00:20:39.000 I mention these 00:20:39.000 --> 00:20:39.460 because 00:20:39.460 --> 00:20:42.480 the ceremonial 00:20:42.480 --> 00:20:44.039 washings 00:20:44.039 --> 00:20:45.619 were a reminder 00:20:45.619 --> 00:20:46.779 of people's need 00:20:46.779 --> 00:20:48.160 to be cleansed, 00:20:48.660 --> 00:20:49.599 washed of their sins. 00:20:49.740 --> 00:20:50.700 But they could never 00:20:50.700 --> 00:20:52.720 actually cleanse 00:20:52.720 --> 00:20:53.700 people from their sins. 00:20:54.759 --> 00:20:55.900 that required 00:20:55.900 --> 00:20:56.299 a Savior. 00:20:58.259 --> 00:20:58.740 And now we're 00:20:58.740 --> 00:20:59.440 starting to get at 00:20:59.440 --> 00:21:00.619 more of why 00:21:00.619 --> 00:21:01.799 Jesus' act of 00:21:01.799 --> 00:21:02.319 turning water 00:21:02.319 --> 00:21:02.879 into wine 00:21:02.879 --> 00:21:03.799 at this wedding 00:21:03.799 --> 00:21:05.039 was more than 00:21:05.039 --> 00:21:05.680 just a miracle. 00:21:05.680 --> 00:21:08.640 It gave the people 00:21:08.640 --> 00:21:09.180 at the wedding 00:21:09.180 --> 00:21:10.980 and gives us today 00:21:10.980 --> 00:21:11.460 a glimpse 00:21:11.460 --> 00:21:14.100 of who Jesus is 00:21:14.100 --> 00:21:14.960 and what he came 00:21:14.960 --> 00:21:15.240 to do. 00:21:16.220 --> 00:21:17.120 It shows us that 00:21:17.120 --> 00:21:18.200 Jesus is the 00:21:18.200 --> 00:21:19.060 promised Messiah 00:21:19.060 --> 00:21:20.460 who would fulfill 00:21:20.460 --> 00:21:21.799 Old Testament law 00:21:21.799 --> 00:21:22.299 and prophecy 00:21:22.299 --> 00:21:23.380 and give humanity 00:21:23.380 --> 00:21:24.920 true and lasting 00:21:24.920 --> 00:21:26.400 cleansing from sin. 00:21:26.400 --> 00:21:28.780 and that he would 00:21:28.780 --> 00:21:29.380 usher in 00:21:29.380 --> 00:21:32.040 the promised age 00:21:32.040 --> 00:21:32.460 to come 00:21:32.460 --> 00:21:34.519 when good wine 00:21:34.519 --> 00:21:35.100 would be abundant, 00:21:35.560 --> 00:21:36.019 when evil 00:21:36.019 --> 00:21:36.759 would be no more, 00:21:37.340 --> 00:21:38.800 and when God 00:21:38.800 --> 00:21:39.380 would be fully 00:21:39.380 --> 00:21:40.200 among his people. 00:21:41.300 --> 00:21:41.759 And we'll talk 00:21:41.759 --> 00:21:42.300 more about this 00:21:42.300 --> 00:21:42.519 later. 00:21:43.820 --> 00:21:44.880 Let's look at 00:21:44.880 --> 00:21:47.780 verses 7 through 9 00:21:47.780 --> 00:21:49.000 in today's passage, 00:21:49.140 --> 00:21:49.680 but we'll start again 00:21:49.680 --> 00:21:50.300 at verse 6. 00:21:50.759 --> 00:21:51.519 Nearby stood 00:21:51.519 --> 00:21:52.660 six stone jars, 00:21:52.780 --> 00:21:53.340 the kind used 00:21:53.340 --> 00:21:53.900 by the Jews 00:21:53.900 --> 00:21:55.280 for ceremonial washing, 00:21:55.820 --> 00:21:56.440 each holding 00:21:56.440 --> 00:21:57.940 from 20 to 30 gallons. 00:21:58.440 --> 00:21:58.880 Verse 7, 00:21:59.480 --> 00:22:00.560 Jesus said to the servants, 00:22:00.740 --> 00:22:01.320 Fill the jars 00:22:01.320 --> 00:22:01.840 with water. 00:22:02.280 --> 00:22:03.180 So they filled them 00:22:03.180 --> 00:22:03.840 to the brim. 00:22:04.900 --> 00:22:05.840 Then he told them, 00:22:06.519 --> 00:22:07.300 Now draw some out 00:22:07.300 --> 00:22:07.860 and take it 00:22:07.860 --> 00:22:08.400 to the master 00:22:08.400 --> 00:22:09.000 of the banquet. 00:22:09.900 --> 00:22:10.940 They did so, 00:22:11.019 --> 00:22:11.519 and the master 00:22:11.519 --> 00:22:12.120 of the banquet 00:22:12.120 --> 00:22:13.200 tasted the water 00:22:13.200 --> 00:22:13.740 that had been 00:22:13.740 --> 00:22:14.720 turned into wine. 00:22:16.200 --> 00:22:17.060 We'll stop there. 00:22:17.820 --> 00:22:18.080 All right, 00:22:18.140 --> 00:22:19.080 let's do some math there. 00:22:19.620 --> 00:22:20.620 Let's do some math here. 00:22:22.240 --> 00:22:23.880 We have six stone 00:22:23.880 --> 00:22:24.300 jars, 00:22:24.500 --> 00:22:25.060 each holding 00:22:25.060 --> 00:22:26.320 from 20 to 30 gallons. 00:22:26.640 --> 00:22:27.200 So in total, 00:22:27.700 --> 00:22:30.120 120 to 180 gallons. 00:22:31.700 --> 00:22:33.100 And each jar 00:22:33.100 --> 00:22:34.260 was filled 00:22:34.260 --> 00:22:34.900 to the brim 00:22:34.900 --> 00:22:35.600 with water. 00:22:36.300 --> 00:22:37.700 And all of the water 00:22:37.700 --> 00:22:38.660 became wine. 00:22:39.420 --> 00:22:40.780 So how much wine 00:22:40.780 --> 00:22:41.300 are we talking 00:22:41.300 --> 00:22:41.840 about here? 00:22:43.740 --> 00:22:44.680 So here is 00:22:44.680 --> 00:22:45.760 a bottle of wine. 00:22:46.200 --> 00:22:46.680 It's empty. 00:22:49.480 --> 00:22:50.460 This is kind 00:22:50.460 --> 00:22:50.900 of a standard 00:22:50.900 --> 00:22:52.880 size bottle of wine. 00:22:52.880 --> 00:22:54.000 And who knows 00:22:54.000 --> 00:22:55.780 what's the volume 00:22:55.780 --> 00:22:56.900 of a standard 00:22:56.900 --> 00:22:57.560 bottle of wine? 00:22:59.160 --> 00:22:59.640 Yeah. 00:23:00.420 --> 00:23:01.700 750 milliliters. 00:23:02.640 --> 00:23:03.380 So that's 00:23:03.380 --> 00:23:05.820 0.75 liters, 00:23:06.300 --> 00:23:07.220 which will help us 00:23:07.220 --> 00:23:07.620 later on 00:23:07.620 --> 00:23:08.080 because we're going 00:23:08.080 --> 00:23:08.640 to do some math. 00:23:09.420 --> 00:23:10.260 So if you bottled 00:23:10.260 --> 00:23:10.880 all the wine 00:23:10.880 --> 00:23:11.540 that Jesus made 00:23:11.540 --> 00:23:12.060 at this wedding, 00:23:12.320 --> 00:23:13.080 how many bottles 00:23:13.080 --> 00:23:14.220 of wine would that be? 00:23:15.220 --> 00:23:15.440 Okay. 00:23:15.520 --> 00:23:15.880 Oh, I should have 00:23:15.880 --> 00:23:16.420 passed out some 00:23:16.420 --> 00:23:17.540 scratch paper and pencils, 00:23:17.539 --> 00:23:19.379 but no worries. 00:23:19.539 --> 00:23:20.079 I did the math 00:23:20.079 --> 00:23:20.599 for you already. 00:23:21.480 --> 00:23:22.279 So each jar 00:23:22.279 --> 00:23:22.899 held between 00:23:22.899 --> 00:23:24.960 20 and 30 gallons. 00:23:25.899 --> 00:23:26.659 Let's pick the lower 00:23:26.659 --> 00:23:27.519 number, 20 gallons 00:23:27.519 --> 00:23:27.980 per jar. 00:23:28.659 --> 00:23:29.819 That's 120 gallons 00:23:29.819 --> 00:23:30.359 in total. 00:23:31.940 --> 00:23:33.359 How many liters 00:23:33.359 --> 00:23:34.740 is 120 gallons? 00:23:35.920 --> 00:23:37.000 The answer is 00:23:37.000 --> 00:23:39.279 454 liters. 00:23:39.279 --> 00:23:41.879 Now, how many bottles 00:23:41.879 --> 00:23:44.500 of wine is 454 liters? 00:23:45.180 --> 00:23:47.160 So 454 divided 00:23:47.160 --> 00:23:50.799 by 0.75 equals 605. 00:23:51.240 --> 00:23:52.720 So that's 605 bottles 00:23:52.720 --> 00:23:53.000 of wine. 00:23:53.099 --> 00:23:53.799 That's the low end 00:23:53.799 --> 00:23:54.940 of this calculation. 00:23:55.460 --> 00:23:56.399 What about the high end, 00:23:56.460 --> 00:23:56.619 right? 00:23:56.899 --> 00:23:59.579 If each jar holds 30 gallons, 00:23:59.980 --> 00:24:01.119 that's 118 gallons. 00:24:01.619 --> 00:24:02.399 In total, 00:24:03.920 --> 00:24:05.980 118 gallons is equal 00:24:05.980 --> 00:24:07.240 to how many liters? 00:24:09.559 --> 00:24:10.360 681 liters. 00:24:11.160 --> 00:24:11.819 681 liters. 00:24:13.640 --> 00:24:14.559 How many bottles 00:24:14.559 --> 00:24:14.960 of wine 00:24:14.960 --> 00:24:16.980 is 681 liters 00:24:16.980 --> 00:24:17.400 of wine? 00:24:18.559 --> 00:24:18.799 Okay. 00:24:19.680 --> 00:24:20.519 Crunch the numbers. 00:24:21.940 --> 00:24:23.039 908 bottles 00:24:23.039 --> 00:24:23.400 of wine. 00:24:23.680 --> 00:24:24.420 So on the high end, 00:24:24.700 --> 00:24:25.279 Jesus created 00:24:25.279 --> 00:24:26.980 908 bottles 00:24:26.980 --> 00:24:27.319 of wine. 00:24:27.460 --> 00:24:27.620 I mean, 00:24:27.740 --> 00:24:29.319 imagine what that 00:24:29.319 --> 00:24:29.759 would look like 00:24:29.759 --> 00:24:30.319 if we saw that. 00:24:30.420 --> 00:24:31.299 900 bottles 00:24:31.299 --> 00:24:31.700 of wine. 00:24:32.880 --> 00:24:33.200 So I think 00:24:33.200 --> 00:24:34.380 this little math 00:24:34.380 --> 00:24:35.240 exercise helps us 00:24:35.240 --> 00:24:36.500 kind of sense 00:24:36.500 --> 00:24:37.500 how much wine 00:24:37.500 --> 00:24:38.480 Jesus produced. 00:24:38.880 --> 00:24:40.400 It was exceedingly abundant. 00:24:46.339 --> 00:24:47.359 So earlier, 00:24:47.460 --> 00:24:47.960 we talked about 00:24:47.960 --> 00:24:48.460 the significance 00:24:48.460 --> 00:24:49.980 of these stone water jars. 00:24:50.640 --> 00:24:51.259 And now we're going 00:24:51.259 --> 00:24:51.839 to talk about 00:24:51.839 --> 00:24:53.099 the significance 00:24:53.099 --> 00:24:54.220 of wine 00:24:54.220 --> 00:24:55.319 and the significance 00:24:55.319 --> 00:24:56.660 of this miracle 00:24:56.660 --> 00:24:57.839 occurring at a wedding. 00:24:59.660 --> 00:25:00.799 And when we consider 00:25:00.799 --> 00:25:02.500 all the meaning 00:25:02.500 --> 00:25:04.019 behind these things, 00:25:04.120 --> 00:25:04.880 we'll see that truly 00:25:04.880 --> 00:25:05.700 this was more 00:25:05.700 --> 00:25:06.320 than a miracle. 00:25:07.500 --> 00:25:08.960 It is a sign 00:25:08.960 --> 00:25:09.620 that gives us 00:25:09.620 --> 00:25:10.720 a foretaste 00:25:10.720 --> 00:25:11.680 of the age to come 00:25:11.680 --> 00:25:13.260 and a glimpse 00:25:13.260 --> 00:25:14.480 of God's glory. 00:25:16.360 --> 00:25:16.840 Wedding. 00:25:17.040 --> 00:25:18.400 Why is it significant 00:25:18.400 --> 00:25:19.700 that this sign 00:25:19.700 --> 00:25:20.460 occurred at a wedding? 00:25:21.400 --> 00:25:22.320 Jesus could have chosen 00:25:22.320 --> 00:25:23.460 another setting 00:25:23.460 --> 00:25:24.860 to display 00:25:24.860 --> 00:25:26.240 his first sign, 00:25:26.740 --> 00:25:27.460 the beginning 00:25:27.460 --> 00:25:28.140 of his signs, 00:25:28.260 --> 00:25:29.180 but he chose 00:25:29.180 --> 00:25:29.660 a wedding. 00:25:29.660 --> 00:25:29.720 wedding. 00:25:32.000 --> 00:25:32.440 And remember 00:25:32.440 --> 00:25:33.920 that a sign, 00:25:34.000 --> 00:25:34.460 I'll put this 00:25:34.460 --> 00:25:35.120 wine bottle down, 00:25:36.380 --> 00:25:37.880 remember that a sign 00:25:37.880 --> 00:25:38.800 is a foretaste 00:25:38.800 --> 00:25:40.000 of the age to come. 00:25:41.040 --> 00:25:42.100 And in several places 00:25:42.100 --> 00:25:42.660 in the Bible, 00:25:42.900 --> 00:25:44.240 in both the Old Testament 00:25:44.240 --> 00:25:45.180 and the New Testament, 00:25:45.740 --> 00:25:46.779 when Scripture 00:25:46.779 --> 00:25:47.900 speaks of the age 00:25:47.900 --> 00:25:48.320 to come, 00:25:49.320 --> 00:25:50.380 it often uses 00:25:50.380 --> 00:25:51.759 the language 00:25:51.759 --> 00:25:52.440 and imagery 00:25:52.440 --> 00:25:53.120 of wedding 00:25:53.120 --> 00:25:53.840 and marriage. 00:25:53.839 --> 00:25:56.779 For example, 00:25:57.519 --> 00:25:58.279 in the Old Testament 00:25:58.279 --> 00:25:59.299 in the book of Hosea, 00:25:59.899 --> 00:26:00.619 God commands 00:26:00.619 --> 00:26:01.599 the prophet Hosea 00:26:01.599 --> 00:26:02.419 to marry 00:26:02.419 --> 00:26:03.539 a woman 00:26:03.539 --> 00:26:04.399 that the text 00:26:04.399 --> 00:26:05.639 describes as a 00:26:05.639 --> 00:26:05.899 quote, 00:26:06.000 --> 00:26:06.879 promiscuous woman, 00:26:07.259 --> 00:26:07.599 unquote, 00:26:08.259 --> 00:26:09.519 so that their relationship, 00:26:10.159 --> 00:26:10.919 Hosea's 00:26:10.919 --> 00:26:12.019 and his wife's relationship, 00:26:12.519 --> 00:26:13.419 would be a visible 00:26:13.419 --> 00:26:14.059 illustration 00:26:14.059 --> 00:26:15.699 of how Israel 00:26:15.699 --> 00:26:17.220 was unfaithful 00:26:17.220 --> 00:26:17.720 to God 00:26:17.720 --> 00:26:18.779 and yet, 00:26:19.339 --> 00:26:20.379 despite Israel's 00:26:20.379 --> 00:26:20.939 unfaithfulness, 00:26:21.799 --> 00:26:22.480 God would be 00:26:22.480 --> 00:26:23.279 faithful and loving 00:26:23.279 --> 00:26:25.720 God would reconcile 00:26:25.720 --> 00:26:26.740 his people to himself 00:26:26.740 --> 00:26:28.579 and restore them 00:26:28.579 --> 00:26:29.299 and be with them 00:26:29.299 --> 00:26:29.680 forever. 00:26:31.319 --> 00:26:32.519 Also in the Old Testament 00:26:32.519 --> 00:26:33.519 in the book of Isaiah, 00:26:34.019 --> 00:26:35.220 we find more 00:26:35.220 --> 00:26:35.779 wedding 00:26:35.779 --> 00:26:38.839 and marriage-related 00:26:38.839 --> 00:26:40.259 language and imagery. 00:26:41.559 --> 00:26:41.680 Okay, 00:26:41.700 --> 00:26:42.559 if you go to 00:26:42.559 --> 00:26:44.399 Isaiah 54 00:26:44.399 --> 00:26:46.639 verses 5 through 6, 00:26:47.519 --> 00:26:48.399 Isaiah 54 00:26:48.399 --> 00:26:49.740 verses 5 through 6, 00:26:50.039 --> 00:26:50.559 it says, 00:26:51.740 --> 00:26:52.500 for your maker 00:26:52.500 --> 00:26:53.359 is your husband, 00:26:53.359 --> 00:26:54.480 the Lord Almighty 00:26:54.480 --> 00:26:55.440 is his name, 00:26:55.839 --> 00:26:56.680 the Holy One 00:26:56.680 --> 00:26:57.099 of Israel 00:26:57.099 --> 00:26:57.900 is your Redeemer, 00:26:58.220 --> 00:26:59.019 he is called 00:26:59.019 --> 00:26:59.579 the God 00:26:59.579 --> 00:27:00.539 of all the earth. 00:27:01.079 --> 00:27:01.700 The Lord 00:27:01.700 --> 00:27:02.500 will call you back 00:27:02.500 --> 00:27:03.480 as if you were 00:27:03.480 --> 00:27:04.539 a wife deserted 00:27:04.539 --> 00:27:05.240 and distressed 00:27:05.240 --> 00:27:05.819 in spirit. 00:27:07.920 --> 00:27:08.299 And then, 00:27:08.559 --> 00:27:10.039 a few chapters 00:27:10.039 --> 00:27:10.380 later, 00:27:10.740 --> 00:27:12.680 in Isaiah 62 00:27:12.680 --> 00:27:14.880 verse 5, 00:27:15.720 --> 00:27:16.359 it says, 00:27:16.359 --> 00:27:17.259 as a young man 00:27:17.259 --> 00:27:18.319 marries a young woman, 00:27:18.719 --> 00:27:19.779 so will your builder 00:27:19.779 --> 00:27:20.579 marry you. 00:27:21.259 --> 00:27:22.179 As a bridegroom 00:27:22.179 --> 00:27:23.699 rejoices over his bride, 00:27:24.219 --> 00:27:25.359 so will your God 00:27:25.359 --> 00:27:26.799 rejoice over you. 00:27:28.479 --> 00:27:29.399 And moreover, 00:27:29.519 --> 00:27:30.119 in the Gospels, 00:27:30.519 --> 00:27:32.119 we see Jesus 00:27:32.119 --> 00:27:33.599 identified as the groom. 00:27:34.479 --> 00:27:35.599 In John chapter 3, 00:27:36.000 --> 00:27:36.639 John the Baptist 00:27:36.639 --> 00:27:37.719 refers to Jesus 00:27:37.719 --> 00:27:38.699 as the bridegroom, 00:27:39.219 --> 00:27:39.979 and John the Baptist 00:27:39.979 --> 00:27:40.759 refers to himself 00:27:40.759 --> 00:27:41.319 as a friend 00:27:41.319 --> 00:27:41.939 of the bridegroom. 00:27:42.779 --> 00:27:43.960 In Mark chapter 2, 00:27:44.080 --> 00:27:45.120 Jesus refers to himself 00:27:45.120 --> 00:27:46.759 kind of in an indirect way 00:27:46.759 --> 00:27:47.900 that he is 00:27:47.900 --> 00:27:49.160 the bridegroom. 00:27:50.240 --> 00:27:50.840 And we see 00:27:50.840 --> 00:27:51.420 from these verses 00:27:51.420 --> 00:27:52.820 throughout the Bible 00:27:52.820 --> 00:27:54.500 that God 00:27:54.500 --> 00:27:55.200 has promised 00:27:55.200 --> 00:27:56.039 that there will be 00:27:56.039 --> 00:27:56.960 a time in the future 00:27:56.960 --> 00:27:58.259 when God will 00:27:58.259 --> 00:27:59.900 fully be with his people 00:27:59.900 --> 00:28:00.779 as a groom 00:28:00.779 --> 00:28:01.580 is with his bride. 00:28:02.559 --> 00:28:03.960 And we see 00:28:03.960 --> 00:28:04.440 that Jesus 00:28:04.440 --> 00:28:05.860 is the groom 00:28:05.860 --> 00:28:07.299 who has inaugurated 00:28:07.299 --> 00:28:08.480 this restoration 00:28:08.480 --> 00:28:09.480 of relationship. 00:28:11.940 --> 00:28:12.480 Now, 00:28:12.900 --> 00:28:13.740 let's talk about 00:28:13.740 --> 00:28:14.380 the significance 00:28:14.380 --> 00:28:15.120 of wine. 00:28:18.400 --> 00:28:19.480 Why is it important 00:28:19.480 --> 00:28:21.019 that Jesus' first sign 00:28:21.019 --> 00:28:22.660 involves wine? 00:28:24.059 --> 00:28:24.620 First, 00:28:24.740 --> 00:28:25.500 let's look at 00:28:25.500 --> 00:28:26.700 what kind of wine 00:28:26.700 --> 00:28:27.900 Jesus created. 00:28:28.840 --> 00:28:29.840 John chapter 2, 00:28:29.960 --> 00:28:31.080 verse 9. 00:28:32.080 --> 00:28:32.920 The master 00:28:32.920 --> 00:28:33.500 of the banquet 00:28:33.500 --> 00:28:34.519 tasted the water 00:28:34.519 --> 00:28:35.140 that had been 00:28:35.140 --> 00:28:36.180 turned into wine. 00:28:36.980 --> 00:28:37.900 He did not realize 00:28:37.900 --> 00:28:39.080 where it had come from, 00:28:39.299 --> 00:28:40.299 though the servants 00:28:40.299 --> 00:28:40.920 who had drawn 00:28:40.920 --> 00:28:41.940 the water knew. 00:28:42.779 --> 00:28:43.420 Then he called 00:28:43.420 --> 00:28:44.600 the bridegroom aside 00:28:44.600 --> 00:28:45.140 and said, 00:28:45.820 --> 00:28:46.880 everyone brings out 00:28:46.880 --> 00:28:48.000 the choice wine first 00:28:48.000 --> 00:28:49.160 and then the cheaper wine 00:28:49.160 --> 00:28:49.940 after the guests 00:28:49.940 --> 00:28:50.920 have had too much 00:28:50.920 --> 00:28:51.380 to drink. 00:28:52.000 --> 00:28:52.900 But you have saved 00:28:52.900 --> 00:28:54.080 the best till now. 00:28:58.860 --> 00:28:59.920 What kind of wine 00:28:59.920 --> 00:29:00.680 did Jesus make? 00:29:02.960 --> 00:29:03.400 So, 00:29:03.820 --> 00:29:05.539 we know that this 00:29:05.539 --> 00:29:06.200 was a big wedding, 00:29:06.300 --> 00:29:07.039 it was a big event, 00:29:07.620 --> 00:29:08.300 and they even had 00:29:08.300 --> 00:29:09.440 a master of the banquet, 00:29:09.440 --> 00:29:10.519 a professional, 00:29:10.660 --> 00:29:11.180 a professional 00:29:11.180 --> 00:29:12.220 in food and drink. 00:29:13.460 --> 00:29:15.019 And when he tastes 00:29:15.019 --> 00:29:15.620 this wine, 00:29:16.420 --> 00:29:17.480 he calls it 00:29:17.480 --> 00:29:18.100 the best. 00:29:19.180 --> 00:29:19.279 Right? 00:29:20.160 --> 00:29:21.120 He mentions that 00:29:21.120 --> 00:29:22.620 everyone brings out 00:29:22.620 --> 00:29:23.840 the choice wine first 00:29:23.840 --> 00:29:24.860 and then the cheaper wine 00:29:24.860 --> 00:29:25.539 after the guests 00:29:25.539 --> 00:29:26.240 have had too much 00:29:26.240 --> 00:29:26.660 to drink. 00:29:27.059 --> 00:29:27.880 But you have saved 00:29:27.880 --> 00:29:28.740 the best till now. 00:29:30.420 --> 00:29:31.840 The words 00:29:31.840 --> 00:29:32.779 in our English translation, 00:29:33.259 --> 00:29:34.380 choice and best, 00:29:34.680 --> 00:29:35.380 here in this verse, 00:29:35.820 --> 00:29:36.559 are actually both 00:29:36.559 --> 00:29:37.720 the same word 00:29:37.720 --> 00:29:38.099 in Greek, 00:29:38.639 --> 00:29:39.079 kalos. 00:29:40.319 --> 00:29:41.740 And kalos 00:29:41.740 --> 00:29:42.399 is where we get 00:29:42.399 --> 00:29:43.639 the name kalista. 00:29:45.299 --> 00:29:45.740 Kalos, 00:29:46.980 --> 00:29:48.319 so I looked up 00:29:48.319 --> 00:29:48.679 this word 00:29:48.679 --> 00:29:50.299 in a Greek lexicon, 00:29:50.740 --> 00:29:52.179 and it says that 00:29:52.179 --> 00:29:53.500 the word kalos 00:29:53.500 --> 00:29:54.019 was, 00:29:54.559 --> 00:29:54.839 quote, 00:29:55.639 --> 00:29:56.799 applied by the Greeks 00:29:56.799 --> 00:29:57.440 to everything 00:29:57.440 --> 00:29:58.460 so distinguished 00:29:58.460 --> 00:29:59.159 in form, 00:29:59.500 --> 00:29:59.899 excellence, 00:30:00.099 --> 00:30:00.339 goodness, 00:30:00.599 --> 00:30:01.159 usefulness, 00:30:01.299 --> 00:30:02.599 as to be pleasing. 00:30:03.779 --> 00:30:04.179 Hence, 00:30:04.399 --> 00:30:05.619 according to the context, 00:30:05.619 --> 00:30:07.039 equivalent to 00:30:07.039 --> 00:30:07.479 beautiful, 00:30:07.779 --> 00:30:08.039 handsome, 00:30:08.359 --> 00:30:08.719 excellent, 00:30:08.919 --> 00:30:09.199 eminent, 00:30:09.419 --> 00:30:09.779 choice, 00:30:09.939 --> 00:30:10.539 surpassing, 00:30:10.659 --> 00:30:10.939 precious, 00:30:11.459 --> 00:30:11.699 useful, 00:30:11.959 --> 00:30:12.259 suitable, 00:30:12.500 --> 00:30:12.979 commendable, 00:30:13.519 --> 00:30:13.879 admirable, 00:30:14.259 --> 00:30:14.679 unquote. 00:30:16.679 --> 00:30:17.699 So the wine 00:30:17.699 --> 00:30:18.159 that Jesus 00:30:18.159 --> 00:30:18.899 has made 00:30:18.899 --> 00:30:20.019 in exceeding abundance 00:30:20.019 --> 00:30:21.219 is really, 00:30:21.379 --> 00:30:21.959 really good wine. 00:30:22.579 --> 00:30:23.500 It's beautiful, 00:30:24.139 --> 00:30:24.459 excellent, 00:30:24.879 --> 00:30:25.219 admirable. 00:30:27.399 --> 00:30:27.579 Now, 00:30:28.579 --> 00:30:29.859 more about wine. 00:30:29.979 --> 00:30:30.500 In general, 00:30:30.719 --> 00:30:31.159 what makes 00:30:31.159 --> 00:30:32.139 good wine 00:30:32.139 --> 00:30:33.119 even better? 00:30:34.079 --> 00:30:34.519 Time, 00:30:35.319 --> 00:30:35.659 age. 00:30:38.879 --> 00:30:39.839 So what's 00:30:39.839 --> 00:30:40.899 another, 00:30:41.219 --> 00:30:41.639 what makes 00:30:41.639 --> 00:30:42.579 this miracle 00:30:42.579 --> 00:30:43.759 even more impressive 00:30:43.759 --> 00:30:45.619 is that 00:30:45.619 --> 00:30:46.519 Jesus has made 00:30:46.519 --> 00:30:47.059 new wine, 00:30:47.399 --> 00:30:48.219 but it tastes 00:30:48.219 --> 00:30:48.699 really good, 00:30:49.079 --> 00:30:49.619 as if it's 00:30:49.619 --> 00:30:50.159 aged wine. 00:30:51.919 --> 00:30:52.679 He's made 00:30:52.679 --> 00:30:53.559 900 bottles 00:30:53.559 --> 00:30:54.019 of wine 00:30:54.019 --> 00:30:54.759 that somehow 00:30:54.759 --> 00:30:56.119 paradoxically 00:30:56.699 --> 00:30:57.639 is both 00:30:57.639 --> 00:30:58.639 new and aged. 00:30:58.640 --> 00:31:03.920 Now, 00:31:04.120 --> 00:31:04.860 to a Jewish 00:31:04.860 --> 00:31:05.700 person of that 00:31:05.700 --> 00:31:06.720 time and place 00:31:06.720 --> 00:31:07.620 who was familiar 00:31:07.620 --> 00:31:08.180 with Scripture, 00:31:09.020 --> 00:31:10.540 when you talk 00:31:10.540 --> 00:31:11.160 about wine 00:31:11.160 --> 00:31:12.420 that's new 00:31:12.420 --> 00:31:13.340 and aged, 00:31:13.680 --> 00:31:13.880 very, 00:31:14.020 --> 00:31:14.380 very good, 00:31:14.600 --> 00:31:15.120 and in 00:31:15.120 --> 00:31:16.200 exceeding abundance, 00:31:16.960 --> 00:31:17.620 what would 00:31:17.620 --> 00:31:18.340 that person 00:31:18.340 --> 00:31:18.759 think of? 00:31:19.340 --> 00:31:19.720 They would 00:31:19.720 --> 00:31:20.280 have remembered 00:31:20.280 --> 00:31:21.220 Old Testament 00:31:21.220 --> 00:31:21.660 Scriptures 00:31:21.660 --> 00:31:22.740 that talked 00:31:22.740 --> 00:31:23.460 about this 00:31:23.460 --> 00:31:23.940 kind of wine. 00:31:25.020 --> 00:31:25.420 They would 00:31:25.420 --> 00:31:25.840 have remembered, 00:31:26.360 --> 00:31:26.920 for example, 00:31:26.920 --> 00:31:28.140 Amos 9 00:31:28.140 --> 00:31:29.039 and Isaiah 00:31:29.039 --> 00:31:30.279 25. 00:31:31.680 --> 00:31:32.980 So Amos 9 00:31:32.980 --> 00:31:35.259 verses 13 00:31:35.259 --> 00:31:35.820 through 15 00:31:35.820 --> 00:31:36.259 say, 00:31:36.880 --> 00:31:37.980 The days are 00:31:37.980 --> 00:31:38.259 coming, 00:31:38.380 --> 00:31:38.820 declares the 00:31:38.820 --> 00:31:39.039 Lord, 00:31:39.160 --> 00:31:39.500 when the 00:31:39.500 --> 00:31:39.880 reaper will 00:31:39.880 --> 00:31:40.539 be overtaken 00:31:40.539 --> 00:31:40.900 by the 00:31:40.900 --> 00:31:41.380 plowman 00:31:41.380 --> 00:31:42.300 and the 00:31:42.300 --> 00:31:42.920 planter by 00:31:42.920 --> 00:31:43.259 the one 00:31:43.259 --> 00:31:43.620 treading 00:31:43.620 --> 00:31:44.000 grapes. 00:31:44.960 --> 00:31:45.820 New wine 00:31:45.820 --> 00:31:46.240 will drip 00:31:46.240 --> 00:31:46.640 from the 00:31:46.640 --> 00:31:46.940 mountains 00:31:46.940 --> 00:31:47.380 and flow 00:31:47.380 --> 00:31:47.759 from all 00:31:47.759 --> 00:31:48.100 the hills 00:31:48.100 --> 00:31:48.360 and I 00:31:48.360 --> 00:31:48.700 will bring 00:31:48.700 --> 00:31:49.160 my people 00:31:49.160 --> 00:31:49.500 Israel 00:31:49.500 --> 00:31:50.019 back from 00:31:50.019 --> 00:31:50.420 exile. 00:31:51.100 --> 00:31:51.779 They will 00:31:51.779 --> 00:31:52.259 rebuild 00:31:52.259 --> 00:31:52.700 the ruined 00:31:52.700 --> 00:31:53.080 cities 00:31:53.080 --> 00:31:53.560 and live 00:31:53.560 --> 00:31:53.860 in them. 00:31:54.460 --> 00:31:54.800 They will 00:31:54.800 --> 00:31:55.620 plant vineyards 00:31:55.619 --> 00:31:56.339 and drink 00:31:56.339 --> 00:31:57.019 their wine. 00:31:57.459 --> 00:31:57.799 They will 00:31:57.799 --> 00:31:58.539 make gardens 00:31:58.539 --> 00:31:58.979 and eat 00:31:58.979 --> 00:31:59.519 their fruit. 00:32:00.419 --> 00:32:00.799 I will 00:32:00.799 --> 00:32:01.539 plant Israel 00:32:01.539 --> 00:32:01.959 in their 00:32:01.959 --> 00:32:02.519 own land, 00:32:03.000 --> 00:32:03.579 never again 00:32:03.579 --> 00:32:04.279 to be uprooted 00:32:04.279 --> 00:32:04.779 from the 00:32:04.779 --> 00:32:05.379 land I have 00:32:05.379 --> 00:32:05.859 given them, 00:32:06.259 --> 00:32:06.739 says the 00:32:06.739 --> 00:32:07.319 Lord your 00:32:07.319 --> 00:32:07.619 God. 00:32:09.199 --> 00:32:09.759 Isaiah 00:32:09.759 --> 00:32:11.159 25, 00:32:11.519 --> 00:32:12.859 and I'll 00:32:12.859 --> 00:32:13.359 read verses 00:32:13.359 --> 00:32:14.139 1, 6, 00:32:14.259 --> 00:32:14.959 and 8. 00:32:16.239 --> 00:32:16.799 Lord, 00:32:16.919 --> 00:32:17.359 you are my 00:32:17.359 --> 00:32:17.679 God. 00:32:17.679 --> 00:32:18.279 I will 00:32:18.279 --> 00:32:19.019 exalt you 00:32:19.019 --> 00:32:19.619 and praise 00:32:19.619 --> 00:32:20.099 your name, 00:32:20.579 --> 00:32:20.879 for in 00:32:20.879 --> 00:32:21.759 perfect faithfulness 00:32:21.759 --> 00:32:22.039 you have 00:32:22.039 --> 00:32:22.699 done wonderful 00:32:22.699 --> 00:32:23.219 things, 00:32:23.699 --> 00:32:24.519 things planned 00:32:24.519 --> 00:32:25.319 long ago. 00:32:25.619 --> 00:32:26.799 On this 00:32:26.799 --> 00:32:27.179 mountain, 00:32:27.339 --> 00:32:27.679 the Lord 00:32:27.679 --> 00:32:28.859 Almighty 00:32:28.859 --> 00:32:29.479 will prepare 00:32:29.479 --> 00:32:30.039 a feast 00:32:30.039 --> 00:32:30.619 of rich 00:32:30.619 --> 00:32:31.199 food for 00:32:31.199 --> 00:32:31.799 all peoples, 00:32:32.279 --> 00:32:32.879 a banquet 00:32:32.879 --> 00:32:33.799 of aged 00:32:33.799 --> 00:32:34.299 wine, 00:32:34.879 --> 00:32:35.439 the best 00:32:35.439 --> 00:32:35.919 of meats 00:32:35.919 --> 00:32:36.459 and the 00:32:36.459 --> 00:32:36.799 finest 00:32:36.799 --> 00:32:37.419 of wines. 00:32:38.639 --> 00:32:39.199 He will 00:32:39.199 --> 00:32:39.939 swallow up 00:32:39.939 --> 00:32:40.319 death 00:32:40.319 --> 00:32:40.799 forever. 00:32:41.719 --> 00:32:41.879 The 00:32:41.879 --> 00:32:42.199 sovereign 00:32:42.199 --> 00:32:42.519 Lord 00:32:42.519 --> 00:32:42.979 will wipe 00:32:42.979 --> 00:32:43.459 away the 00:32:43.459 --> 00:32:43.819 tears 00:32:43.819 --> 00:32:44.399 from all 00:32:44.399 --> 00:32:44.839 faces. 00:32:45.939 --> 00:32:46.399 He will 00:32:46.399 --> 00:32:46.799 remove 00:32:46.799 --> 00:32:48.019 his people's 00:32:48.019 --> 00:32:48.539 disgrace 00:32:48.539 --> 00:32:49.099 from all 00:32:49.099 --> 00:32:49.559 the earth. 00:32:50.599 --> 00:32:50.839 The 00:32:50.839 --> 00:32:51.059 Lord 00:32:51.059 --> 00:32:51.659 has spoken. 00:32:55.619 --> 00:32:59.259 So, 00:32:59.559 --> 00:32:59.859 let's 00:32:59.859 --> 00:33:01.179 look at 00:33:01.179 --> 00:33:01.539 the language 00:33:01.539 --> 00:33:02.059 in those 00:33:02.059 --> 00:33:02.719 two passages. 00:33:03.799 --> 00:33:04.439 Amos 9 00:33:04.439 --> 00:33:05.359 says, 00:33:05.519 --> 00:33:05.879 the days 00:33:05.879 --> 00:33:06.279 are coming. 00:33:07.000 --> 00:33:07.239 So, 00:33:07.319 --> 00:33:07.500 we know 00:33:07.500 --> 00:33:07.839 that this 00:33:07.839 --> 00:33:08.279 is referring 00:33:08.279 --> 00:33:09.939 to sometime 00:33:09.939 --> 00:33:10.619 in the 00:33:10.619 --> 00:33:10.899 future. 00:33:11.759 --> 00:33:12.159 Then we 00:33:12.159 --> 00:33:12.759 see language 00:33:12.759 --> 00:33:13.479 such as, 00:33:14.139 --> 00:33:14.659 never again 00:33:14.659 --> 00:33:14.979 to be 00:33:14.979 --> 00:33:15.419 uprooted, 00:33:16.379 --> 00:33:16.839 the sovereign 00:33:16.839 --> 00:33:17.339 Lord will 00:33:17.339 --> 00:33:17.939 wipe away 00:33:17.939 --> 00:33:20.139 the tears 00:33:20.139 --> 00:33:20.539 from all 00:33:20.539 --> 00:33:20.879 faces, 00:33:21.879 --> 00:33:23.419 and the 00:33:23.419 --> 00:33:23.979 Lord will 00:33:23.979 --> 00:33:24.619 swallow up 00:33:24.619 --> 00:33:24.819 death 00:33:24.819 --> 00:33:25.199 forever. 00:33:26.819 --> 00:33:27.619 And today 00:33:27.619 --> 00:33:27.939 when we 00:33:27.939 --> 00:33:28.279 think of 00:33:28.279 --> 00:33:28.719 a time 00:33:28.719 --> 00:33:29.799 that has 00:33:29.799 --> 00:33:30.299 those three 00:33:30.299 --> 00:33:31.419 characteristics, 00:33:32.379 --> 00:33:34.179 when God 00:33:34.179 --> 00:33:34.519 will wipe 00:33:34.519 --> 00:33:34.959 away every 00:33:34.959 --> 00:33:35.339 tear from 00:33:35.339 --> 00:33:35.819 every eye, 00:33:35.919 --> 00:33:36.179 when we 00:33:36.179 --> 00:33:36.500 will never 00:33:36.500 --> 00:33:37.000 again be 00:33:37.000 --> 00:33:37.379 uprooted, 00:33:37.819 --> 00:33:38.299 when death 00:33:38.299 --> 00:33:38.619 will be 00:33:38.619 --> 00:33:39.139 no more, 00:33:39.639 --> 00:33:40.000 what are 00:33:40.000 --> 00:33:40.339 we thinking 00:33:40.339 --> 00:33:40.599 of? 00:33:42.459 --> 00:33:42.899 We're 00:33:42.899 --> 00:33:43.399 thinking of 00:33:43.399 --> 00:33:44.279 the age 00:33:44.279 --> 00:33:44.679 to come 00:33:44.679 --> 00:33:45.039 and the 00:33:45.039 --> 00:33:45.239 kingdom 00:33:45.239 --> 00:33:45.699 to come, 00:33:46.199 --> 00:33:46.739 a time 00:33:46.739 --> 00:33:46.979 and a 00:33:46.979 --> 00:33:47.459 place where 00:33:47.459 --> 00:33:47.819 death 00:33:47.819 --> 00:33:48.099 will be 00:33:48.099 --> 00:33:48.539 no more, 00:33:49.159 --> 00:33:49.539 where we 00:33:49.539 --> 00:33:51.279 will not 00:33:51.279 --> 00:33:51.959 be exiles 00:33:51.959 --> 00:33:52.879 or displaced, 00:33:53.019 --> 00:33:53.339 but we will 00:33:53.339 --> 00:33:54.000 be fully at 00:33:54.000 --> 00:33:54.239 home, 00:33:54.619 --> 00:33:55.319 a place 00:33:55.319 --> 00:33:56.099 where God 00:33:56.099 --> 00:33:56.459 will wipe 00:33:56.459 --> 00:33:56.879 away every 00:33:56.879 --> 00:33:57.119 tear. 00:33:58.459 --> 00:33:58.859 And bringing 00:33:58.859 --> 00:33:59.439 together all 00:33:59.439 --> 00:34:00.099 these ideas, 00:34:00.479 --> 00:34:00.979 plus the 00:34:00.979 --> 00:34:01.819 idea of 00:34:01.819 --> 00:34:02.199 wedding and 00:34:02.199 --> 00:34:02.500 marriage, 00:34:03.019 --> 00:34:03.579 we turn to 00:34:03.579 --> 00:34:03.879 the book 00:34:03.879 --> 00:34:04.439 of Revelation. 00:34:06.919 --> 00:34:07.719 Your Bible's at 00:34:07.719 --> 00:34:08.059 the end, 00:34:08.599 --> 00:34:08.940 and the book 00:34:08.940 --> 00:34:09.659 of Revelation 00:34:09.659 --> 00:34:10.480 talks at length 00:34:10.480 --> 00:34:11.119 about the age 00:34:11.119 --> 00:34:11.679 to come and the 00:34:11.679 --> 00:34:12.299 kingdom to come. 00:34:14.839 --> 00:34:15.199 And in 00:34:15.199 --> 00:34:15.420 verse, 00:34:16.519 --> 00:34:16.880 excuse me, 00:34:16.920 --> 00:34:17.859 in chapter 21 00:34:17.860 --> 00:34:18.880 of Revelation, 00:34:18.880 --> 00:34:24.559 let me turn 00:34:24.559 --> 00:34:24.800 there. 00:34:27.240 --> 00:34:28.079 It says, 00:34:28.240 --> 00:34:29.039 Revelation 21, 00:34:29.039 --> 00:34:32.000 then I saw a 00:34:32.000 --> 00:34:32.639 new heaven and 00:34:32.639 --> 00:34:33.159 a new earth, 00:34:33.400 --> 00:34:33.940 for the first 00:34:33.940 --> 00:34:34.619 heaven and the 00:34:34.619 --> 00:34:35.239 first earth 00:34:35.239 --> 00:34:36.039 had passed 00:34:36.039 --> 00:34:36.360 away, 00:34:37.300 --> 00:34:37.800 and there was 00:34:37.800 --> 00:34:38.300 no longer 00:34:38.300 --> 00:34:38.880 any sea. 00:34:39.940 --> 00:34:40.599 I saw the 00:34:40.599 --> 00:34:41.179 holy city, 00:34:41.279 --> 00:34:41.639 the new 00:34:41.639 --> 00:34:42.059 Jerusalem, 00:34:42.199 --> 00:34:42.699 coming down 00:34:42.699 --> 00:34:43.279 out of heaven 00:34:43.279 --> 00:34:44.259 from God, 00:34:44.779 --> 00:34:45.960 prepared as a 00:34:45.960 --> 00:34:46.980 bride beautifully 00:34:46.980 --> 00:34:47.920 dressed for her 00:34:47.920 --> 00:34:48.239 husband. 00:34:49.079 --> 00:34:50.000 And I heard a 00:34:50.000 --> 00:34:50.800 loud voice from 00:34:50.800 --> 00:34:51.860 the throne saying, 00:34:52.420 --> 00:34:52.639 look, 00:34:53.279 --> 00:34:53.920 God's dwelling 00:34:53.920 --> 00:34:54.719 place is now 00:34:54.719 --> 00:34:55.480 among the people, 00:34:55.880 --> 00:34:56.779 and he will dwell 00:34:56.779 --> 00:34:57.239 with them. 00:34:57.239 --> 00:34:58.579 They will be his 00:34:58.579 --> 00:34:58.859 people, 00:34:58.979 --> 00:34:59.659 and God himself 00:34:59.659 --> 00:35:00.399 will be with them 00:35:00.399 --> 00:35:01.139 and be their 00:35:01.139 --> 00:35:01.479 God. 00:35:01.959 --> 00:35:02.699 He will wipe away 00:35:02.699 --> 00:35:03.599 every tear from 00:35:03.599 --> 00:35:04.159 their eyes. 00:35:04.779 --> 00:35:05.319 There will be no 00:35:05.319 --> 00:35:06.879 more death or 00:35:06.879 --> 00:35:08.039 mourning or crying 00:35:08.039 --> 00:35:08.619 or pain, 00:35:09.059 --> 00:35:10.419 for the old order 00:35:10.419 --> 00:35:11.639 of things has 00:35:11.639 --> 00:35:12.559 passed away. 00:35:15.579 --> 00:35:16.359 Today we've 00:35:16.359 --> 00:35:17.500 looked at this 00:35:17.500 --> 00:35:19.899 short passage from 00:35:19.899 --> 00:35:20.299 the Bible, 00:35:20.679 --> 00:35:21.379 from John chapter 00:35:21.379 --> 00:35:21.639 2, 00:35:22.139 --> 00:35:23.159 but hopefully we've 00:35:23.159 --> 00:35:24.859 seen how full of 00:35:24.859 --> 00:35:25.579 meaning it is, 00:35:25.579 --> 00:35:27.739 how dense and 00:35:27.739 --> 00:35:28.420 rich with 00:35:28.420 --> 00:35:29.519 significance it 00:35:29.519 --> 00:35:29.719 is. 00:35:30.779 --> 00:35:31.519 What Jesus did 00:35:31.519 --> 00:35:32.880 there was more 00:35:32.880 --> 00:35:33.639 than a miracle. 00:35:34.139 --> 00:35:34.980 It was a sign. 00:35:36.599 --> 00:35:38.460 It gives us a 00:35:38.460 --> 00:35:39.159 glimpse of God's 00:35:39.159 --> 00:35:39.400 glory. 00:35:39.799 --> 00:35:40.519 It gives us a 00:35:40.519 --> 00:35:41.400 foretaste of the 00:35:41.400 --> 00:35:41.980 age to come. 00:35:49.659 --> 00:35:50.420 When a wedding 00:35:50.420 --> 00:35:52.400 2,000 years ago 00:35:52.400 --> 00:35:53.279 was on the brink 00:35:53.279 --> 00:35:54.159 of failure because 00:35:54.159 --> 00:35:55.139 they were about 00:35:55.139 --> 00:35:55.659 to run out of 00:35:55.659 --> 00:35:55.879 wine, 00:35:57.659 --> 00:35:58.719 Jesus performed 00:35:58.719 --> 00:35:59.659 a small-scale 00:35:59.659 --> 00:36:00.619 act of salvation 00:36:00.619 --> 00:36:02.239 by turning 00:36:02.239 --> 00:36:03.079 gallons of water 00:36:03.079 --> 00:36:04.359 into gallons of 00:36:04.359 --> 00:36:04.619 wine, 00:36:05.659 --> 00:36:06.219 and thereby 00:36:06.219 --> 00:36:08.699 spared these 00:36:08.699 --> 00:36:10.379 families from 00:36:10.379 --> 00:36:13.219 likely lasting 00:36:13.219 --> 00:36:14.039 shame and 00:36:14.039 --> 00:36:15.019 preserved their 00:36:15.019 --> 00:36:15.279 honor. 00:36:17.539 --> 00:36:18.460 It was a 00:36:18.460 --> 00:36:18.679 miracle, 00:36:18.879 --> 00:36:19.219 but it was 00:36:19.219 --> 00:36:19.759 more than a 00:36:19.759 --> 00:36:20.019 miracle, 00:36:20.500 --> 00:36:21.639 because he gave 00:36:21.639 --> 00:36:22.099 them and he 00:36:22.099 --> 00:36:22.739 gives us a 00:36:22.739 --> 00:36:23.460 foretaste of the 00:36:23.460 --> 00:36:24.039 age to come 00:36:24.039 --> 00:36:24.880 and a glimpse 00:36:24.880 --> 00:36:25.420 of God's 00:36:25.420 --> 00:36:25.679 glory. 00:36:27.320 --> 00:36:28.199 The passage 00:36:28.199 --> 00:36:29.519 in John also 00:36:29.519 --> 00:36:30.800 says that Jesus 00:36:30.800 --> 00:36:31.639 was invited to 00:36:31.639 --> 00:36:31.980 the wedding, 00:36:33.179 --> 00:36:33.800 and remember it 00:36:33.800 --> 00:36:34.320 says that Mary 00:36:34.320 --> 00:36:35.240 told the servants, 00:36:36.280 --> 00:36:37.240 do whatever he 00:36:37.240 --> 00:36:37.699 tells you. 00:36:39.300 --> 00:36:39.740 Likewise, 00:36:40.460 --> 00:36:42.139 we need to 00:36:42.139 --> 00:36:42.679 invite Jesus 00:36:42.679 --> 00:36:43.480 into our lives 00:36:43.480 --> 00:36:44.679 and do what he 00:36:44.679 --> 00:36:44.980 says. 00:36:46.360 --> 00:36:47.079 We need to 00:36:47.079 --> 00:36:47.500 invite Jesus 00:36:47.500 --> 00:36:48.199 into our lives 00:36:48.199 --> 00:36:49.380 and do what he 00:36:49.380 --> 00:36:49.639 says. 00:36:49.639 --> 00:36:52.460 And remember 00:36:52.460 --> 00:36:52.819 what the 00:36:52.819 --> 00:36:53.339 master of the 00:36:53.339 --> 00:36:53.980 banquet says 00:36:53.980 --> 00:36:54.639 after he 00:36:54.639 --> 00:36:55.819 tastes this 00:36:55.819 --> 00:36:56.319 water that 00:36:56.319 --> 00:36:56.619 had been 00:36:56.619 --> 00:36:57.039 turned into 00:36:57.039 --> 00:36:57.319 wine. 00:36:58.400 --> 00:36:59.219 He says, 00:36:59.359 --> 00:37:00.119 everyone brings 00:37:00.119 --> 00:37:00.900 out the choice 00:37:00.900 --> 00:37:02.019 wine first and 00:37:02.019 --> 00:37:02.500 then the cheaper 00:37:02.500 --> 00:37:03.900 wine after the 00:37:03.900 --> 00:37:04.839 guests have had 00:37:04.839 --> 00:37:05.659 too much to 00:37:05.659 --> 00:37:07.679 drink, but you 00:37:07.679 --> 00:37:08.839 have saved the 00:37:08.839 --> 00:37:10.359 best till now. 00:37:11.279 --> 00:37:12.239 You have saved 00:37:12.239 --> 00:37:12.799 the best till 00:37:12.799 --> 00:37:13.079 now. 00:37:13.079 --> 00:37:16.639 And this 00:37:16.639 --> 00:37:17.319 reminds us that 00:37:17.319 --> 00:37:18.219 God's way is 00:37:18.219 --> 00:37:18.559 not the 00:37:18.559 --> 00:37:19.279 conventional way. 00:37:19.819 --> 00:37:20.799 God's timing is 00:37:20.799 --> 00:37:22.400 not always our 00:37:22.400 --> 00:37:22.719 timing. 00:37:25.259 --> 00:37:26.019 God's ways are 00:37:26.019 --> 00:37:27.259 unexpected and 00:37:27.259 --> 00:37:28.900 sometimes contrary 00:37:28.900 --> 00:37:29.980 to the ways of 00:37:29.980 --> 00:37:30.360 the world. 00:37:32.759 --> 00:37:33.559 But when we 00:37:33.559 --> 00:37:34.380 have experienced 00:37:34.380 --> 00:37:35.980 and tasted what 00:37:35.980 --> 00:37:36.599 he has done for 00:37:36.599 --> 00:37:37.619 us, we will 00:37:37.619 --> 00:37:40.579 see that his 00:37:40.579 --> 00:37:41.099 way is the 00:37:41.099 --> 00:37:41.380 best. 00:37:43.079 --> 00:37:43.840 And we 00:37:43.840 --> 00:37:44.340 will have 00:37:44.340 --> 00:37:44.659 hope. 00:37:44.960 --> 00:37:45.420 We have 00:37:45.420 --> 00:37:46.179 hope because 00:37:46.179 --> 00:37:46.779 we know that 00:37:46.779 --> 00:37:48.019 the best is 00:37:48.019 --> 00:37:48.579 yet to come. 00:37:52.940 --> 00:37:53.539 When we 00:37:53.539 --> 00:37:54.039 invite Jesus 00:37:54.039 --> 00:37:54.719 into our lives 00:37:54.719 --> 00:37:55.139 and we do 00:37:55.139 --> 00:37:55.679 what he says, 00:37:56.259 --> 00:37:56.880 we have 00:37:56.880 --> 00:37:59.599 hope, we 00:37:59.599 --> 00:37:59.860 have the 00:37:59.860 --> 00:38:01.199 promise that 00:38:01.199 --> 00:38:02.480 the best is 00:38:02.480 --> 00:38:02.960 yet to come. 00:38:02.960 --> 00:38:03.019 Amen. 00:38:03.019 --> 00:38:03.079 Amen. 00:38:03.079 --> 00:38:03.099 Amen.