WEBVTT

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 It's good to worship with you again this morning in a new location for the same church family.

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 And if you are new, my name is Sean. I'm one of the pastors of Trinity Cambridge Church.

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 And we have been going through a series in the book of Exodus.

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 If you don't have a Bible, if you raise your hand, we can get you a copy of the Bible you can use.

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 And if everybody would please turn to Exodus chapter 21.

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 And we'll be looking at verse 33 to the end of that chapter to chapter 22, verse 15.

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 21, 33 to 22, 15.

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 Let me pray for the reading and preaching of God's word.

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 Heavenly Father, we gather in your name under the authority of your word every week.

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 Because we are your people.

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 And in you alone is life.

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 And as you always do, we ask that you address us from your word.

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 Teach us.

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 Speak to us.

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 From your timeless word.

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 Into the specific places and seasons of our own individual lives.

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 That we might be challenged.

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 Comforted.

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 And transformed to be more like Jesus, our Savior.

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 It's in his precious name we pray.

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 Amen.

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 If you would please stand for the reading of God's word.

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 I will read it out loud for us.

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 Exodus 21, verse 33 and following.

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 When a man opens a pit.

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 Or when a man digs a pit and does not cover it.

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 And an ox or a donkey falls into it.

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 The owner of the pit shall make restoration.

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 He shall give money to its owner and the dead beast shall be his.

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 When one man's ox butts another's so that it dies.

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 Then they shall sell the live ox and share its price.

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 And the dead beast also they shall share.

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 Or if it is known that the ox has been accustomed to gore in the past.

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 And its owner has not kept it in.

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 He shall repay ox for ox.

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 And the dead beast shall be his.

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 If a man steals an ox or a sheep.

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 And kills it or sells it.

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 He shall repay five oxen for an ox.

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 And four sheep for a sheep.

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 If a thief is found breaking in.

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 And is struck so that he dies.

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 There shall be no blood guilt for him.

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 But if the sun has risen on him.

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 There shall be blood guilt for him.

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 He shall surely pay.

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 If he has nothing.

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 Then he shall be sold for his theft.

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 If the stolen beast is found alive in his possession.

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 Whether it is an ox or a donkey or a sheep.

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 He shall pay double.

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 If a man causes a field or a vineyard to be grazed over.

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 Or lets his beast loose.

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 And it feeds in another man's field.

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 He shall make restitution from the best in his own field.

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 And in his own vineyard.

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 If fire breaks out and catches in thorns.

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 So that the stacked grain or the standing grain.

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 Or the field is consumed.

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 He who started the fire shall make full restitution.

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 If a man gives to his neighbor money or goods to keep safe.

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 And it is stolen from the man's house.

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 Then if the thief is found he shall pay double.

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 If the thief is not found.

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 The owner of the house shall come near to God.

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 To show whether or not he has put his hand to his neighbor's property.

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 For every breach of trust.

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 Whether it is for an ox.

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 For a donkey.

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 For a sheep.

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 For a cloak.

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 Or for any kind of lost thing.

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 Of which one says.

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 This is it.

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 The case of both parties shall come before God.

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 The one whom God condemns.

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 Shall pay double to his neighbor.

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 If a man gives to his neighbor a donkey.

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 Or an ox.

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 Or a sheep.

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 Or any beast to keep safe.

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 And it dies.

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 Or is injured.

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 Or is driven away.

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 Without anyone seeing it.

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 An oath by the Lord shall be between them.

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 Both.

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 Between them both.

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 To see whether or not he has put his hand to his neighbor's property.

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 The owner shall accept the oath.

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 And he shall not make restitution.

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 But if it is stolen from him.

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 He shall make restitution to its owner.

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 If it is torn by beasts.

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 Let him bring it as evidence.

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 He shall not make restitution for what has been torn.

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 If a man borrows anything of his neighbor.

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 And it is injured or dies.

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 The owner not being with it.

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 He shall make full restitution.

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 If the owner was with it.

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 He shall not make restitution.

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 If it was hired.

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 He came for its hiring fee.

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 This is God's holy.

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 Authoritative word.

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 You may be seated.

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 Every society has to come up with some rules for governing property.

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 Whether it's natural resources like land, forests, or water.

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 Or manufactured goods like cars and computers.

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 Or the means of producing those goods.

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 Like machinery or whatever it might be.

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 Because without rules governing property.

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 Cooperating together with other people.

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 Well producing and trading with other people would be virtually impossible.

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 And it will inevitably lead to conflict.

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 I can demonstrate this from the children's playroom.

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 If you put even young children in a playroom together.

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 You'll inevitably hear these cries.

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 That's mine.

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 Or I had it first.

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 No, that's my birthday present.

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 There needs to be some kind of rules in place.

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 To regulate how people relate to property.

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 And to one another's property.

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 Because without it society cannot function.

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 Ancient Israel was no exception.

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 As we see here in this passage.

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 But is there a distinctly biblical.

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 And Christian ethic.

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 When it comes to the governance of property.

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 And this passage shows us that indeed there is.

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 Especially when we understand and apply this passage through the lens of Jesus who fulfilled all of scriptures.

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 And the main point that I want to drive home this morning is this.

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 That as those to whom God has bestowed the riches of his grace.

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 We should live with sacrificial generosity toward our neighbors.

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 And I'm going to get to that point.

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 Bring that main point home with three sub points.

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 One is respect for private property.

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 Second, reverence for human life.

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 And third, riches of God's grace.

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 First, we see a general respect for private property here in this passage.

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 21.33 to 22.4 deal with farm animals.

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 And then 22.5 to 6 deal with farms and fields.

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 And they tell us what is to be done when damage is done to a neighbor's property.

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 Let's first look at what the Bible prescribes regarding the farm animals.

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 And here the Bible clearly distinguishes.

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 One, damage caused by accident.

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 Two, damage caused by negligence.

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 And three, damage caused by malice.

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 First category is damage caused on another's property by accident.

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 We see an example of this in verse 35 of chapter 21.

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 When one man's ox butts another's so that it dies.

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 And they shall sell the live ox and share its price.

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 And the dead beast also they shall share.

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 So the owner of the ox that butted this other ox does not have full control over the ox.

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 And this particular ox does not have a history of goring other beasts.

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 And so this owner is therefore not held responsible for the death of the other animal.

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 In cases of accidental damage to a neighbor's property like this,

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 the two parties absorb the loss equally.

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 The live ox is sold and any financial value gained from both the live ox and the dead ox

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 are shared equally between the two.

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 And the leniency is due to the fact that the damage was caused by accident.

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 And the second category is the damage caused by negligence.

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 There are two examples given here of this in verses 33 to 34.

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 It says,

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 When a man opens a pit or when a man digs a pit and does not cover it,

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 and an ox or a donkey falls into it, the owner of the pit shall make restoration.

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 He shall give money to its owner and the dead beast shall be his.

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 This is a case of negligence.

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 The man dug a pit and it's a big enough pit for that an ox can fall into it.

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 And he could not have predicted that a neighbor's ox would fall into it,

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 but he did know that there was a risk.

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 That's a pretty big hole on the ground and some ox could unwittingly fall into it.

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 He was aware of the risk.

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 He had knowledge to do something about it,

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 and yet he chose not to do anything about it.

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 And because of that, it is considered negligence.

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 He did not do what he could have done to prevent damage to someone else's property.

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 And in that case, he needs to make restoration and pay for the price of the dead animal.

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 But since he has paid the price of the dead animal, he gets to keep the dead beast.

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 And he can sell its hide or meat for whatever he wants.

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 Now, maybe he cooks and eats it.

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 Imagine, maybe for a more modern example, a construction crew that is repaving a road,

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 and there's a huge gaping hole on the road.

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 And they neglected to put orange cones around it and signs around it to prevent cars from driving into it.

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 And you don't know anything about it, and you drive your car straight into it,

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 and then you blow out your tires and damage your car.

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 Then that construction crew would be guilty of damaging your property by negligence.

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 And they should have something to do with making restitution for you.

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 Now, verse 36 is another example of this.

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 Or if it is known that the ox has been accustomed to gore in the past,

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 and its owner has not kept it in, he shall repay ox for ox, and the dead beast shall be his.

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 So this ox, unlike the previous ox that we looked at, does have a history of goring.

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 And so because, again, this owner now had knowledge,

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 he was aware of the risk, and he could have done something about it, and he didn't.

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 It is considered negligence.

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 It's not a simple accident.

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 So that the damage that the ox does, that he must pay for it,

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 and he gets to keep the dead ox, the dead beast, but he must repay the price.

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 Because he neglected to contain his own animal.

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 Now, the scenario escalates starting in chapter 22, verse 20.

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 It says,

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 So, by the way, the Hebrew word for sheep here can refer to a sheep or a goat.

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 And this verse establishes a general principle that sets the precedent,

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 that they apply to all kinds of similar contexts.

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 So this here is no longer damage done by accident.

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 It's not damage done by negligence.

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 It's actually damage done by malice with evil intent.

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 Because someone stole the ox or the sheep.

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 And then they killed it and sold it, presumably to conceal their theft and get away with the crime.

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 In such a case, the punishment is far more severe.

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 If the thief is caught, it says he shall pay five oxen for an ox,

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 and four sheep for a sheep.

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 So if you killed your neighbor's ox due to negligence, you just paid a full price for one ox.

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 But in this case, because you stole out of malice,

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 you're supposed to pay five times the value of the ox.

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 The severe punishment serves as a deterrent so that people don't steal.

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 But that's not the only reason why I think the punishment is so severe here.

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 So if you think about it this way,

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 the ox, because this is largely an agricultural pastoral society,

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 is a productive resource.

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 It produces value.

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 It provides services.

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 For example, in a farm.

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 So when someone steals your ox,

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 for that however many months it is that people are looking and trying to find this thief,

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 the culprit,

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 you're missing your ox and you're not able to get value

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 from the work that it would have been doing for you on the farm.

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 So an ox can draw a plow and prepare the soil for sowing.

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 An ox can go over the grain that had been harvested to thresh it,

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 to separate the wheat from the husk, the grain from the husk.

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 They're a very useful animal and you don't get any of that.

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 And consider also that you're not getting any milk during that time from the ox,

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 which would have provided valuable nutrients, right?

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 Protein and calcium for ancient people who didn't have multivitamins like we do from Costco.

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 And they could have also, after they're done using the ox for labor,

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 they could have slaughtered the ox,

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 sold a hide to make leather products with it,

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 and eaten good beef.

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 And all of that is gone, right?

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 You're missing all of that while the ox is missing.

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 Sheep is similar, right?

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 It's also a productive resource.

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 It's not as productive as the ox

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 because most of the time it just lounges around and grazes and eats your food in your field.

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 But once it gets hairy enough,

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 you could shear the wool and you could use it to sell and make things.

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 And so it is a productive resource in that sense.

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 And so because of that and because of the loss of value during that time,

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 it's missing what the thief is being searched for.

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 I think there's a higher price here, a higher penalty.

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 If your neighbor accidentally kills or negligently kills your ox,

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 they could immediately pay you back and you could get an immediate replacement.

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 But when you're looking for a thief, that could take months.

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 That could take a long time,

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 especially if they've tried to conceal what they've done by killing the ox or selling it.

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 And so the punishment is more severe.

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 And the difference between the sheep and the ox,

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 the sheep is fourfold, the ox is fivefold,

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 probably because of the relative value of the two animals.

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 Like I said, the ox is a much more productive animal.

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 And so here, even here, we see the law of Talion that we talked about a couple weeks ago,

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 the law of eye for eye principle at work.

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 The severity of the punishment must be proportional to the severity of the crime.

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 And now contrast this with the Code of Hammurabi,

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 a contemporary ancient Near Eastern law code

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 that is often compared to the Book of the Covenant in Exodus.

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 It says this,

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 If anyone steals cattle or sheep or an ass or a pig or a goat,

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 if they belong to a god or to the court,

00:15:10.740 --> 00:15:12.780
 the thief shall pay thirtyfold therefore.

00:15:13.440 --> 00:15:15.600
 If they belong to a freed man of the king,

00:15:15.680 --> 00:15:16.980
 he shall pay tenfold.

00:15:17.480 --> 00:15:19.280
 If the thief has nothing with which to pay,

00:15:19.360 --> 00:15:20.560
 he shall be put to death.

00:15:21.540 --> 00:15:24.600
 This is a comparable law in a similar time.

00:15:24.600 --> 00:15:25.860
 And according to this law,

00:15:25.920 --> 00:15:29.680
 if the ox is stolen from a temple official or from a government official,

00:15:30.120 --> 00:15:31.879
 the thief has to pay thirtyfold,

00:15:32.040 --> 00:15:34.100
 which does not quite seem proportional.

00:15:35.100 --> 00:15:37.600
 If from a free citizen it is taken,

00:15:37.940 --> 00:15:39.460
 you have to pay back tenfold.

00:15:40.580 --> 00:15:45.180
 And so it doesn't treat people as having equal value and worth as Scripture does.

00:15:45.279 --> 00:15:48.080
 It gives them different value depending on their social status.

00:15:48.080 --> 00:15:50.600
 And if the thief cannot repay,

00:15:50.720 --> 00:15:51.900
 the thief is put to death.

00:15:53.000 --> 00:15:57.120
 And the Bible never treats stealing as a capital crime

00:15:57.120 --> 00:16:00.300
 because human life is more important than property,

00:16:00.400 --> 00:16:02.100
 which we're going to talk about in the next point.

00:16:02.639 --> 00:16:05.800
 I'm going to skip most of verses two, three for now

00:16:05.800 --> 00:16:08.280
 because it's a parenthetical remark

00:16:08.280 --> 00:16:10.360
 about what to do when a thief is caught

00:16:10.360 --> 00:16:13.340
 and killed in the middle of stealing.

00:16:13.340 --> 00:16:15.340
 But I'll come back to that later.

00:16:15.440 --> 00:16:16.519
 But at the end of verse three,

00:16:16.660 --> 00:16:19.040
 it stipulates that the thief must repay everything.

00:16:20.019 --> 00:16:21.300
 The thief shall surely pay.

00:16:21.440 --> 00:16:22.360
 He shall surely pay.

00:16:22.480 --> 00:16:23.280
 If he has nothing,

00:16:23.420 --> 00:16:25.080
 then he shall be sold for his theft.

00:16:25.360 --> 00:16:26.879
 He's not given the death penalty.

00:16:27.360 --> 00:16:27.620
 Instead,

00:16:27.780 --> 00:16:31.180
 he becomes a debt slave.

00:16:31.420 --> 00:16:33.639
 So he has to labor for six years

00:16:33.639 --> 00:16:35.480
 until he pays off his debt

00:16:35.480 --> 00:16:36.759
 and then he goes free

00:16:36.759 --> 00:16:39.100
 according to these rules in the book of the covenant.

00:16:39.100 --> 00:16:41.500
 And then it says in verse four,

00:16:41.659 --> 00:16:44.519
 if the stolen beast is found alive in his possession,

00:16:44.779 --> 00:16:46.580
 whether it is an ox or a donkey or a sheep,

00:16:46.620 --> 00:16:47.820
 he shall pay double.

00:16:48.460 --> 00:16:50.740
 So this is different

00:16:50.740 --> 00:16:51.940
 because the thief has stolen it,

00:16:52.000 --> 00:16:54.240
 but instead of killing it and selling it to hide it,

00:16:54.519 --> 00:16:56.500
 he has kept it alive.

00:16:57.139 --> 00:16:59.100
 And if the animal is found alive,

00:16:59.259 --> 00:17:01.100
 the thief only pays double.

00:17:01.960 --> 00:17:02.980
 In this case,

00:17:03.040 --> 00:17:04.839
 it's being treated like a common theft

00:17:04.839 --> 00:17:06.680
 because the other common theft of other goods,

00:17:06.880 --> 00:17:08.599
 you only paid double

00:17:08.599 --> 00:17:10.539
 because it's much easier to catch a thief

00:17:10.539 --> 00:17:12.199
 who keeps the beast alive

00:17:12.199 --> 00:17:14.480
 since the live beast can only go so far.

00:17:14.959 --> 00:17:16.339
 And it's not as bad

00:17:16.339 --> 00:17:18.099
 as when the thief kills or sells the ox

00:17:18.099 --> 00:17:20.059
 because you can recover your own animal.

00:17:21.279 --> 00:17:23.079
 Now in verses five to six,

00:17:23.219 --> 00:17:25.299
 we move on from damage done to farm animals

00:17:25.299 --> 00:17:27.259
 to damage done to fields and harvest.

00:17:27.379 --> 00:17:28.219
 It says in verse five,

00:17:29.019 --> 00:17:31.599
 if a man causes a field or vineyard to be grazed over

00:17:31.599 --> 00:17:33.059
 or lets his beast loose

00:17:33.059 --> 00:17:35.179
 and it feeds in another man's field,

00:17:35.519 --> 00:17:37.240
 he shall make restitution from the best

00:17:37.240 --> 00:17:39.440
 in his own field and in his own vineyard.

00:17:40.400 --> 00:17:41.700
 So in this case,

00:17:41.779 --> 00:17:43.799
 the intent is not perfectly clear.

00:17:44.400 --> 00:17:47.000
 A man's beast has grazed from a neighbor's field.

00:17:47.440 --> 00:17:48.740
 He's kind of stealing,

00:17:48.920 --> 00:17:50.680
 his ox is stealing his neighbor's field,

00:17:50.799 --> 00:17:51.599
 the food, the grains.

00:17:52.180 --> 00:17:53.859
 But did he know that his livestock

00:17:53.859 --> 00:17:56.400
 was stealing from his neighbor's field or not?

00:17:56.559 --> 00:17:56.779
 Right?

00:17:56.779 --> 00:17:57.740
 It's impossible to say.

00:17:57.779 --> 00:17:58.480
 And if they deny it,

00:17:58.500 --> 00:17:59.319
 it's hard to prove it.

00:17:59.539 --> 00:18:01.700
 But he certainly should have been more vigilant

00:18:01.700 --> 00:18:04.519
 and he could have prevented his ox

00:18:04.519 --> 00:18:06.519
 from grazing in a neighbor's field.

00:18:07.019 --> 00:18:08.960
 And so this case is similarly considered

00:18:08.960 --> 00:18:10.799
 a damage by negligence.

00:18:11.680 --> 00:18:13.000
 The owner of the beast must repay

00:18:13.000 --> 00:18:14.200
 what his beast consumed

00:18:14.200 --> 00:18:17.000
 from the best of his own field or vineyard,

00:18:17.140 --> 00:18:19.240
 which is a wise additional detail

00:18:19.240 --> 00:18:20.559
 because it would be unfair

00:18:20.559 --> 00:18:22.039
 if the animal happened to be

00:18:22.039 --> 00:18:24.880
 a very picky animal about the grain

00:18:24.880 --> 00:18:26.920
 and he went over to his neighbor's field

00:18:26.920 --> 00:18:29.400
 and grazed on all the premium barley.

00:18:29.400 --> 00:18:32.519
 And then the owner repaid him

00:18:32.519 --> 00:18:33.700
 with very average barley.

00:18:34.000 --> 00:18:35.080
 That wouldn't be fair.

00:18:35.240 --> 00:18:35.300
 Right?

00:18:35.320 --> 00:18:37.320
 So he's to give from the best of his crops.

00:18:38.800 --> 00:18:39.920
 Verse six is similar.

00:18:40.040 --> 00:18:42.360
 A fire breaks out and catches in thorns

00:18:42.360 --> 00:18:43.680
 so that the stacked grain

00:18:43.680 --> 00:18:44.620
 or the standing grain

00:18:44.620 --> 00:18:45.759
 or the field is consumed.

00:18:46.340 --> 00:18:47.519
 He who started the fire

00:18:47.519 --> 00:18:49.140
 shall make full restitution.

00:18:49.900 --> 00:18:51.940
 This is not an accidental fire

00:18:51.940 --> 00:18:55.100
 from extreme heat and dry climate

00:18:55.100 --> 00:18:57.080
 like it happens in California sometimes.

00:18:57.079 --> 00:18:59.539
 It says someone started the fire.

00:19:00.460 --> 00:19:02.000
 But it's also not arson

00:19:02.000 --> 00:19:04.119
 because it wasn't malicious.

00:19:04.359 --> 00:19:06.240
 The fire got out of hand

00:19:06.240 --> 00:19:08.279
 and caught in thorns nearby

00:19:08.279 --> 00:19:10.279
 and then it spread to a neighbor's

00:19:10.279 --> 00:19:12.480
 stacked grain or standing grain in the field.

00:19:13.480 --> 00:19:14.980
 So farmers sometimes do

00:19:14.980 --> 00:19:16.859
 what they call slash and burn

00:19:16.859 --> 00:19:18.799
 or prescribed burn.

00:19:19.000 --> 00:19:21.279
 It's their way of intentionally putting

00:19:21.279 --> 00:19:24.039
 remaining chaff from the harvest

00:19:24.039 --> 00:19:26.399
 on the field on fire

00:19:26.399 --> 00:19:27.720
 to burn it all off

00:19:27.720 --> 00:19:28.579
 and prepare the soil

00:19:28.579 --> 00:19:29.759
 for fresh sowing again

00:19:29.759 --> 00:19:30.599
 in the new season.

00:19:31.399 --> 00:19:33.200
 It's one of the most economical way

00:19:33.200 --> 00:19:33.519
 to do it

00:19:33.519 --> 00:19:34.980
 although it's not popular nowadays.

00:19:35.920 --> 00:19:37.319
 And so this is a case

00:19:37.319 --> 00:19:39.839
 of damage caused by negligence again

00:19:39.839 --> 00:19:42.440
 when the man must make full restitution

00:19:42.440 --> 00:19:44.200
 because he could have done more

00:19:44.200 --> 00:19:45.960
 to prevent the fire from spreading

00:19:45.960 --> 00:19:47.559
 and damaging his neighbor's field

00:19:47.559 --> 00:19:49.240
 but he didn't.

00:19:49.680 --> 00:19:51.599
 And so he must make full restitution.

00:19:51.599 --> 00:19:53.939
 So we see a pattern emerging here.

00:19:54.179 --> 00:19:55.759
 When there is an accident

00:19:55.759 --> 00:19:57.199
 shared payment.

00:19:58.179 --> 00:20:00.159
 When there's negligence

00:20:00.159 --> 00:20:01.199
 full payment.

00:20:02.259 --> 00:20:03.759
 If there's malice

00:20:03.759 --> 00:20:05.119
 double payment.

00:20:07.519 --> 00:20:09.079
 Unless the damaged property

00:20:09.079 --> 00:20:09.659
 is a livestock

00:20:09.659 --> 00:20:12.000
 or some kind of productive resource

00:20:12.000 --> 00:20:13.500
 then you also have to account

00:20:13.500 --> 00:20:15.139
 for the loss of productivity

00:20:15.139 --> 00:20:15.599
 and livelihood.

00:20:16.439 --> 00:20:18.139
 So this is very practical

00:20:18.139 --> 00:20:18.679
 and relevant

00:20:18.679 --> 00:20:19.480
 if you think about it.

00:20:19.480 --> 00:20:20.960
 What if you discover

00:20:20.960 --> 00:20:22.019
 that you have been causing

00:20:22.019 --> 00:20:23.259
 flooding damage

00:20:23.259 --> 00:20:24.960
 to your downstairs neighbor's unit?

00:20:26.740 --> 00:20:28.160
 Determine whether or not

00:20:28.160 --> 00:20:29.240
 it's due to accident

00:20:29.240 --> 00:20:30.680
 negligence

00:20:30.680 --> 00:20:31.660
 or malice.

00:20:32.019 --> 00:20:33.720
 Was it an unclogged toilet

00:20:33.720 --> 00:20:35.900
 or an overflowing bathtub?

00:20:37.259 --> 00:20:39.039
 What if a tree in your yard

00:20:39.039 --> 00:20:40.980
 was felled in a storm

00:20:40.980 --> 00:20:42.279
 and it landed

00:20:42.279 --> 00:20:43.200
 on your neighbor's car?

00:20:43.200 --> 00:20:45.900
 That's an accident.

00:20:46.160 --> 00:20:47.180
 So you can share

00:20:47.180 --> 00:20:48.000
 the loss

00:20:48.000 --> 00:20:49.319
 and absorb

00:20:49.319 --> 00:20:50.440
 the damage together.

00:20:51.340 --> 00:20:52.059
 But what if

00:20:52.059 --> 00:20:53.039
 you damage

00:20:53.039 --> 00:20:53.580
 your neighbor's

00:20:53.580 --> 00:20:54.319
 parked vehicle

00:20:54.319 --> 00:20:55.380
 by ramming it

00:20:55.380 --> 00:20:56.559
 with your car

00:20:56.559 --> 00:20:57.360
 while you were

00:20:57.360 --> 00:20:58.620
 driving and texting?

00:21:00.180 --> 00:21:00.740
 That's

00:21:00.740 --> 00:21:02.700
 damage by negligence.

00:21:02.840 --> 00:21:03.960
 Then you should pay

00:21:03.960 --> 00:21:04.480
 in full

00:21:04.480 --> 00:21:05.360
 for the damage done

00:21:05.360 --> 00:21:06.480
 to the other person's car.

00:21:07.160 --> 00:21:08.100
 But what if you

00:21:08.100 --> 00:21:08.980
 hated your neighbor

00:21:08.980 --> 00:21:09.819
 so much

00:21:09.819 --> 00:21:11.580
 that you took an axe

00:21:11.579 --> 00:21:12.960
 and you hacked

00:21:12.960 --> 00:21:13.740
 your neighbor's

00:21:13.740 --> 00:21:14.379
 vehicle

00:21:14.379 --> 00:21:15.679
 into smithereens?

00:21:17.419 --> 00:21:17.939
 Or

00:21:17.939 --> 00:21:19.480
 you tried to steal

00:21:19.480 --> 00:21:19.939
 his car.

00:21:21.220 --> 00:21:22.419
 Well that's malice

00:21:22.419 --> 00:21:23.579
 and you should pay

00:21:23.579 --> 00:21:24.079
 double

00:21:24.079 --> 00:21:25.939
 for the damage

00:21:25.939 --> 00:21:26.659
 of the car.

00:21:27.339 --> 00:21:28.259
 And what if that neighbor

00:21:28.259 --> 00:21:29.319
 is an Uber driver?

00:21:30.539 --> 00:21:31.480
 So his car

00:21:31.480 --> 00:21:32.019
 is actually

00:21:32.019 --> 00:21:33.039
 his livelihood.

00:21:33.740 --> 00:21:34.679
 It was a productive

00:21:34.679 --> 00:21:35.259
 resource

00:21:35.259 --> 00:21:36.179
 producing income

00:21:36.179 --> 00:21:36.639
 for him.

00:21:37.119 --> 00:21:37.539
 Well then

00:21:37.539 --> 00:21:38.000
 you need to

00:21:38.000 --> 00:21:38.759
 take account

00:21:38.759 --> 00:21:39.679
 of all the lost

00:21:39.679 --> 00:21:40.639
 income during that time

00:21:40.640 --> 00:21:41.660
 when he couldn't work

00:21:41.660 --> 00:21:42.680
 because of the damage

00:21:42.680 --> 00:21:44.040
 you did to his car.

00:21:44.860 --> 00:21:45.780
 It's very practical.

00:21:46.020 --> 00:21:47.259
 A lot of these things

00:21:47.259 --> 00:21:48.200
 nowadays our insurance

00:21:48.200 --> 00:21:49.020
 companies take care

00:21:49.020 --> 00:21:49.460
 of it for us.

00:21:49.500 --> 00:21:50.100
 We don't have to worry

00:21:50.100 --> 00:21:50.400
 about it.

00:21:50.440 --> 00:21:51.320
 But the principles

00:21:51.320 --> 00:21:52.320
 of justice are here

00:21:52.320 --> 00:21:53.100
 so that we can treat

00:21:53.100 --> 00:21:54.220
 our neighbors fairly

00:21:54.220 --> 00:21:55.240
 and love our neighbors

00:21:55.240 --> 00:21:55.880
 as ourselves.

00:21:57.680 --> 00:21:58.200
 And so

00:21:58.200 --> 00:21:59.960
 these are valuable lessons

00:21:59.960 --> 00:22:00.820
 and the ultimate

00:22:00.820 --> 00:22:01.620
 principle here is that

00:22:01.620 --> 00:22:02.340
 we ought to love

00:22:02.340 --> 00:22:02.880
 our neighbors

00:22:02.880 --> 00:22:04.340
 and we love our neighbors

00:22:04.340 --> 00:22:05.720
 in part by respecting

00:22:05.720 --> 00:22:06.340
 their property,

00:22:06.940 --> 00:22:08.120
 caring for their livelihood,

00:22:08.680 --> 00:22:09.920
 and requiring fair

00:22:09.920 --> 00:22:11.539
 and proportional restitution

00:22:11.539 --> 00:22:12.920
 for property damage.

00:22:13.940 --> 00:22:14.779
 But what about

00:22:14.779 --> 00:22:16.019
 more ambiguous cases

00:22:16.019 --> 00:22:17.860
 where it's difficult

00:22:17.860 --> 00:22:19.120
 to ascertain the truth

00:22:19.120 --> 00:22:20.519
 or the intent?

00:22:21.640 --> 00:22:23.340
 It says in verses 7 to 15

00:22:23.340 --> 00:22:25.080
 it addresses the topic

00:22:25.080 --> 00:22:25.940
 of bailment

00:22:25.940 --> 00:22:26.820
 and borrowing.

00:22:27.680 --> 00:22:28.400
 A bailment

00:22:28.400 --> 00:22:29.259
 is when you

00:22:29.259 --> 00:22:30.360
 entrust

00:22:30.360 --> 00:22:31.680
 your own personal property

00:22:31.680 --> 00:22:32.440
 to someone

00:22:32.440 --> 00:22:33.820
 not so that they could

00:22:33.820 --> 00:22:34.460
 use it

00:22:34.460 --> 00:22:35.720
 which is borrowing,

00:22:36.320 --> 00:22:37.380
 not so that they could

00:22:37.380 --> 00:22:38.180
 use it for a period

00:22:38.180 --> 00:22:38.940
 of time for payment

00:22:38.940 --> 00:22:39.759
 which is leasing,

00:22:40.279 --> 00:22:41.900
 but just for safekeeping

00:22:41.900 --> 00:22:42.600
 that's bailment.

00:22:42.700 --> 00:22:43.640
 You just keep it,

00:22:43.820 --> 00:22:44.779
 can you keep this

00:22:44.779 --> 00:22:45.620
 for me for a time?

00:22:45.900 --> 00:22:46.420
 Don't do anything

00:22:46.420 --> 00:22:46.620
 with it,

00:22:46.640 --> 00:22:47.100
 you don't have to use it,

00:22:47.120 --> 00:22:47.920
 just keep it for me

00:22:47.920 --> 00:22:48.460
 for a limited time.

00:22:48.539 --> 00:22:49.539
 That's bailment.

00:22:50.580 --> 00:22:50.720
 Now,

00:22:51.240 --> 00:22:52.480
 so if you are the one

00:22:52.480 --> 00:22:53.860
 that's entrusting

00:22:53.860 --> 00:22:54.360
 your property

00:22:54.360 --> 00:22:54.840
 to someone else,

00:22:54.880 --> 00:22:55.600
 you're the bailer

00:22:55.600 --> 00:22:56.720
 and the person

00:22:56.720 --> 00:22:57.480
 who receives it

00:22:57.480 --> 00:22:58.080
 and takes possession

00:22:58.080 --> 00:22:58.620
 of your property

00:22:58.620 --> 00:22:59.700
 for a time for safekeeping

00:22:59.700 --> 00:23:00.360
 is the bailee.

00:23:01.320 --> 00:23:02.480
 And this is different,

00:23:02.559 --> 00:23:03.000
 as I said,

00:23:03.059 --> 00:23:03.559
 from borrowing

00:23:03.559 --> 00:23:04.980
 and leasing it.

00:23:05.000 --> 00:23:05.400
 We're going to see

00:23:05.400 --> 00:23:06.539
 all three of these cases

00:23:06.539 --> 00:23:07.440
 out there addressed.

00:23:07.440 --> 00:23:08.160
 First,

00:23:08.299 --> 00:23:09.180
 Baal in verse 7

00:23:09.180 --> 00:23:09.759
 is straightforward.

00:23:09.960 --> 00:23:10.120
 It says,

00:23:10.360 --> 00:23:11.400
 if a man gives

00:23:11.400 --> 00:23:12.320
 to his neighbor money

00:23:12.320 --> 00:23:13.660
 or goods to keep safe

00:23:13.660 --> 00:23:14.860
 and it is stolen

00:23:14.860 --> 00:23:16.019
 from the man's house,

00:23:16.259 --> 00:23:17.080
 then if the thief

00:23:17.080 --> 00:23:17.640
 is found,

00:23:17.860 --> 00:23:18.779
 he shall pay double.

00:23:19.680 --> 00:23:20.580
 So what if you

00:23:20.580 --> 00:23:21.100
 were entrusted

00:23:21.100 --> 00:23:22.000
 with safekeeping

00:23:22.000 --> 00:23:23.400
 your friend's

00:23:23.400 --> 00:23:24.980
 Stradivarius violin

00:23:24.980 --> 00:23:28.140
 or an heirloom

00:23:28.140 --> 00:23:29.320
 diamond jewelry

00:23:29.320 --> 00:23:33.140
 or a Celtics hat,

00:23:33.340 --> 00:23:33.860
 cap,

00:23:33.859 --> 00:23:36.339
 signed by Jason Tatum?

00:23:37.699 --> 00:23:37.839
 Right?

00:23:38.439 --> 00:23:38.919
 So you're,

00:23:39.159 --> 00:23:40.339
 some valuable property

00:23:40.339 --> 00:23:41.119
 that they were not

00:23:41.119 --> 00:23:42.179
 willing to part with.

00:23:42.299 --> 00:23:42.659
 They were like,

00:23:42.759 --> 00:23:43.459
 everybody knows

00:23:43.459 --> 00:23:44.599
 I have this in the house.

00:23:44.959 --> 00:23:45.599
 Everybody knows

00:23:45.599 --> 00:23:46.059
 in the neighborhood

00:23:46.059 --> 00:23:46.679
 that I'm going to be

00:23:46.679 --> 00:23:47.419
 gone for months.

00:23:47.639 --> 00:23:48.639
 I am not leaving it

00:23:48.639 --> 00:23:49.359
 in an empty house.

00:23:49.439 --> 00:23:49.619
 Here,

00:23:50.159 --> 00:23:51.079
 you're a friend of mine.

00:23:51.099 --> 00:23:51.619
 I trust you.

00:23:51.679 --> 00:23:52.679
 Can you hold on to this?

00:23:52.759 --> 00:23:53.859
 Keep this in safe.

00:23:54.240 --> 00:23:55.000
 Keep things in safe

00:23:55.000 --> 00:23:55.819
 while I'm gone.

00:23:56.359 --> 00:23:58.019
 But while your friend

00:23:58.019 --> 00:23:58.500
 is gone,

00:23:58.719 --> 00:23:59.299
 someone breaks

00:23:59.299 --> 00:24:00.079
 into your house

00:24:00.079 --> 00:24:01.479
 and steals the items.

00:24:01.859 --> 00:24:02.539
 What do you do?

00:24:02.539 --> 00:24:02.980
 Well,

00:24:03.899 --> 00:24:04.720
 I didn't steal it.

00:24:04.779 --> 00:24:05.200
 You tell them

00:24:05.200 --> 00:24:05.920
 you didn't steal it.

00:24:06.139 --> 00:24:07.420
 But if the thief is found,

00:24:07.519 --> 00:24:08.039
 you could breathe

00:24:08.039 --> 00:24:08.720
 a sigh of relief

00:24:08.720 --> 00:24:09.139
 because,

00:24:09.339 --> 00:24:09.420
 well,

00:24:09.480 --> 00:24:10.159
 the thief is found

00:24:10.159 --> 00:24:10.839
 and that thief

00:24:10.839 --> 00:24:11.420
 is responsible

00:24:11.420 --> 00:24:12.359
 for double payment

00:24:12.359 --> 00:24:14.819
 for what was stolen.

00:24:15.659 --> 00:24:16.779
 But what if the thief

00:24:16.779 --> 00:24:17.420
 is never found?

00:24:18.899 --> 00:24:20.000
 What if your friend

00:24:20.000 --> 00:24:21.500
 starts suspecting

00:24:21.500 --> 00:24:23.079
 something?

00:24:24.440 --> 00:24:24.680
 Well,

00:24:24.720 --> 00:24:25.440
 you seem to have

00:24:25.440 --> 00:24:26.960
 a lot more

00:24:26.960 --> 00:24:28.319
 cash

00:24:28.319 --> 00:24:29.059
 than you used to.

00:24:31.460 --> 00:24:32.099
 You know?

00:24:33.200 --> 00:24:34.259
 It says in verses

00:24:34.259 --> 00:24:35.059
 eight to nine,

00:24:35.579 --> 00:24:36.139
 if the thief

00:24:36.139 --> 00:24:37.299
 is not found,

00:24:37.799 --> 00:24:39.500
 the owner of the house

00:24:39.500 --> 00:24:40.819
 shall come near to God

00:24:40.819 --> 00:24:42.500
 to show whether or not

00:24:42.500 --> 00:24:43.579
 he has put his hand

00:24:43.579 --> 00:24:44.599
 to his neighbor's property.

00:24:45.220 --> 00:24:46.539
 For every breach

00:24:46.539 --> 00:24:47.299
 of trust,

00:24:47.460 --> 00:24:47.940
 whether it is

00:24:47.940 --> 00:24:48.519
 for an ox,

00:24:48.819 --> 00:24:49.859
 for a donkey,

00:24:50.000 --> 00:24:50.440
 for a sheep,

00:24:50.539 --> 00:24:51.139
 for a cloak,

00:24:51.220 --> 00:24:51.960
 or for any kind

00:24:51.960 --> 00:24:52.639
 of lost thing

00:24:52.639 --> 00:24:53.480
 of which one says,

00:24:53.579 --> 00:24:54.220
 this is it.

00:24:54.599 --> 00:24:56.039
 The case of both parties

00:24:56.039 --> 00:24:57.119
 shall come before God.

00:24:57.779 --> 00:24:58.799
 The one whom God

00:24:58.799 --> 00:24:59.259
 condemns

00:24:59.259 --> 00:25:00.460
 shall pay double

00:25:00.460 --> 00:25:01.200
 to his neighbor.

00:25:01.200 --> 00:25:02.980
 And so if your friend

00:25:02.980 --> 00:25:04.059
 comes to your house

00:25:04.059 --> 00:25:04.720
 and sees something

00:25:04.720 --> 00:25:04.940
 and says,

00:25:05.000 --> 00:25:05.100
 hey,

00:25:05.160 --> 00:25:05.840
 that's mine.

00:25:06.360 --> 00:25:07.120
 You took that

00:25:07.120 --> 00:25:07.740
 from me.

00:25:08.240 --> 00:25:09.500
 And he's suspecting you,

00:25:09.539 --> 00:25:10.380
 then you bring the case

00:25:10.380 --> 00:25:10.840
 to God

00:25:10.840 --> 00:25:12.180
 and you make

00:25:12.180 --> 00:25:12.880
 a solemn oath

00:25:12.880 --> 00:25:15.059
 and you wait

00:25:15.059 --> 00:25:16.100
 for God's answer

00:25:16.100 --> 00:25:17.460
 or you accept

00:25:17.460 --> 00:25:17.860
 the oath

00:25:17.860 --> 00:25:18.880
 if God does not

00:25:18.880 --> 00:25:19.960
 give a clear answer

00:25:19.960 --> 00:25:21.140
 or does not punish

00:25:21.140 --> 00:25:21.539
 the person

00:25:21.539 --> 00:25:22.440
 who took a false oath

00:25:22.440 --> 00:25:23.580
 and you move on

00:25:23.580 --> 00:25:23.799
 with that.

00:25:23.840 --> 00:25:24.240
 So you see

00:25:24.240 --> 00:25:25.200
 an example of how

00:25:25.200 --> 00:25:25.819
 this was applied

00:25:25.819 --> 00:25:26.559
 in verse 11.

00:25:27.240 --> 00:25:27.460
 It says,

00:25:27.460 --> 00:25:28.579
 an oath by the Lord

00:25:28.579 --> 00:25:29.559
 shall be between them

00:25:29.559 --> 00:25:30.340
 both to see

00:25:30.340 --> 00:25:30.880
 whether or not

00:25:30.880 --> 00:25:31.680
 he has put his hand

00:25:31.680 --> 00:25:32.640
 to his neighbor's property.

00:25:33.180 --> 00:25:34.200
 The owner shall accept

00:25:34.200 --> 00:25:34.579
 the oath

00:25:34.579 --> 00:25:35.299
 and he shall not

00:25:35.299 --> 00:25:36.420
 make restitution.

00:25:36.960 --> 00:25:37.500
 So when there's

00:25:37.500 --> 00:25:38.380
 lingering suspicion

00:25:38.380 --> 00:25:39.100
 between you

00:25:39.100 --> 00:25:39.660
 and your friend

00:25:39.660 --> 00:25:40.279
 that is difficult

00:25:40.279 --> 00:25:41.880
 to reconcile,

00:25:42.140 --> 00:25:43.160
 you can go

00:25:43.160 --> 00:25:44.180
 to God together

00:25:44.180 --> 00:25:45.420
 and maybe you can

00:25:45.420 --> 00:25:46.380
 go to a priest

00:25:46.380 --> 00:25:46.960
 or a pastor

00:25:46.960 --> 00:25:48.200
 to serve as a witness

00:25:48.200 --> 00:25:49.279
 or a mediator

00:25:49.279 --> 00:25:50.259
 that you can spend

00:25:50.259 --> 00:25:50.960
 some time praying

00:25:50.960 --> 00:25:51.940
 asking God to answer

00:25:51.940 --> 00:25:52.440
 and you can take

00:25:52.440 --> 00:25:53.100
 a solemn oath

00:25:53.100 --> 00:25:53.740
 testifying,

00:25:53.860 --> 00:25:53.980
 no,

00:25:54.120 --> 00:25:55.299
 I did not steal

00:25:55.299 --> 00:25:56.460
 your property,

00:25:56.559 --> 00:25:56.960
 my friend

00:25:56.960 --> 00:25:58.480
 and you ask God

00:25:58.480 --> 00:25:59.220
 to reveal the truth

00:25:59.220 --> 00:26:00.460
 and apart from

00:26:00.460 --> 00:26:01.619
 sudden divine judgment

00:26:01.619 --> 00:26:02.680
 or our hand

00:26:02.680 --> 00:26:03.519
 clearly indicating

00:26:03.519 --> 00:26:04.599
 that he is taking

00:26:04.599 --> 00:26:05.180
 a false oath

00:26:05.180 --> 00:26:05.779
 and he is lying,

00:26:06.240 --> 00:26:06.980
 then you are to

00:26:06.980 --> 00:26:08.259
 accept your friend's oath

00:26:08.259 --> 00:26:09.779
 and require

00:26:09.779 --> 00:26:10.659
 no restitution.

00:26:12.559 --> 00:26:13.299
 Verse 10

00:26:13.299 --> 00:26:14.379
 is a similar situation

00:26:14.379 --> 00:26:15.259
 but this time

00:26:15.259 --> 00:26:16.180
 with the livestock.

00:26:16.819 --> 00:26:16.940
 It says,

00:26:17.099 --> 00:26:17.940
 if a man gives

00:26:17.940 --> 00:26:18.500
 to his neighbor

00:26:18.500 --> 00:26:19.579
 a donkey or an ox

00:26:19.579 --> 00:26:20.139
 or a sheep

00:26:20.139 --> 00:26:20.799
 or any beast

00:26:20.799 --> 00:26:21.440
 to keep safe

00:26:21.440 --> 00:26:22.419
 and it dies

00:26:22.419 --> 00:26:23.220
 or is injured

00:26:23.220 --> 00:26:24.119
 or is driven away

00:26:24.119 --> 00:26:24.859
 without anyone

00:26:24.859 --> 00:26:25.679
 seeing it.

00:26:26.119 --> 00:26:26.639
 So livestock

00:26:26.639 --> 00:26:27.240
 are known

00:26:27.240 --> 00:26:28.179
 to stray

00:26:28.179 --> 00:26:29.079
 from time to time

00:26:29.079 --> 00:26:29.639
 so you have

00:26:29.639 --> 00:26:30.740
 lost the livestock

00:26:30.740 --> 00:26:31.819
 under your care

00:26:31.819 --> 00:26:32.819
 but there is no

00:26:32.819 --> 00:26:34.099
 negligence on your part.

00:26:34.579 --> 00:26:35.339
 Well in that case

00:26:35.339 --> 00:26:36.119
 then you can go

00:26:36.119 --> 00:26:36.919
 before God again

00:26:36.919 --> 00:26:37.740
 and take an oath

00:26:37.740 --> 00:26:39.059
 and you don't have

00:26:39.059 --> 00:26:39.979
 to pay restitution.

00:26:40.119 --> 00:26:41.039
 It wasn't your fault.

00:26:42.099 --> 00:26:43.099
 If you are watching

00:26:43.099 --> 00:26:44.000
 your neighbor's cat

00:26:44.000 --> 00:26:45.659
 and your neighbor

00:26:45.659 --> 00:26:46.459
 usually lets the cat

00:26:46.459 --> 00:26:47.059
 roam free

00:26:47.059 --> 00:26:47.959
 in the backyard

00:26:47.959 --> 00:26:49.199
 but this time around

00:26:49.199 --> 00:26:50.000
 your cat actually

00:26:50.000 --> 00:26:51.139
 ran away

00:26:51.139 --> 00:26:52.699
 and never came back.

00:26:53.039 --> 00:26:53.679
 It would not be

00:26:53.679 --> 00:26:54.299
 your responsibility

00:26:54.299 --> 00:26:54.879
 if there was

00:26:54.879 --> 00:26:55.599
 no negligence

00:26:55.599 --> 00:26:56.139
 on your part.

00:26:57.279 --> 00:26:58.659
 But it says

00:26:58.659 --> 00:26:59.319
 in verse 12

00:26:59.319 --> 00:27:00.379
 if it is stolen

00:27:00.379 --> 00:27:00.960
 from him

00:27:00.960 --> 00:27:02.220
 he shall make

00:27:02.220 --> 00:27:02.779
 restitution

00:27:02.779 --> 00:27:03.559
 to its owner.

00:27:05.000 --> 00:27:05.960
 So if you are

00:27:05.960 --> 00:27:06.539
 entrusted

00:27:06.539 --> 00:27:07.519
 with someone else's

00:27:07.519 --> 00:27:07.960
 livestock

00:27:07.960 --> 00:27:09.000
 but that livestock

00:27:09.000 --> 00:27:09.879
 was stolen

00:27:09.879 --> 00:27:10.720
 while you were

00:27:10.720 --> 00:27:11.500
 watching it

00:27:11.500 --> 00:27:12.879
 then you are

00:27:12.879 --> 00:27:13.440
 responsible

00:27:13.440 --> 00:27:14.799
 by negligence

00:27:14.799 --> 00:27:16.000
 because you didn't

00:27:16.000 --> 00:27:16.799
 either properly

00:27:16.799 --> 00:27:17.419
 lock the door

00:27:17.419 --> 00:27:18.079
 lock the gates

00:27:18.079 --> 00:27:18.500
 or you didn't

00:27:18.500 --> 00:27:20.119
 put the ox

00:27:20.119 --> 00:27:21.279
 in the barn

00:27:21.279 --> 00:27:22.059
 at night

00:27:22.059 --> 00:27:22.839
 like something

00:27:22.839 --> 00:27:23.220
 happened

00:27:23.220 --> 00:27:24.079
 so you assume

00:27:24.079 --> 00:27:24.519
 some kind

00:27:24.519 --> 00:27:25.059
 of negligence

00:27:25.059 --> 00:27:25.559
 then you do

00:27:25.559 --> 00:27:26.139
 need to pay

00:27:26.139 --> 00:27:27.119
 restitution.

00:27:28.259 --> 00:27:29.079
 But if it is

00:27:29.079 --> 00:27:29.960
 torn by beasts

00:27:29.960 --> 00:27:31.079
 verse 13

00:27:31.079 --> 00:27:31.859
 let him bring it

00:27:31.859 --> 00:27:32.399
 as evidence

00:27:32.399 --> 00:27:33.000
 he shall not

00:27:33.000 --> 00:27:33.700
 make restitution

00:27:33.700 --> 00:27:34.420
 for what has

00:27:34.420 --> 00:27:34.980
 been torn.

00:27:35.740 --> 00:27:36.299
 It's a very

00:27:36.299 --> 00:27:37.299
 possible scenario.

00:27:37.399 --> 00:27:37.819
 A lot of people

00:27:37.819 --> 00:27:38.240
 in our church

00:27:38.240 --> 00:27:38.819
 have dogs

00:27:38.819 --> 00:27:39.359
 and you guys

00:27:39.359 --> 00:27:40.079
 let each other

00:27:40.079 --> 00:27:40.980
 watch one another's

00:27:40.980 --> 00:27:41.599
 dog sometimes

00:27:41.599 --> 00:27:41.899
 when you're

00:27:41.899 --> 00:27:42.259
 traveling.

00:27:42.940 --> 00:27:43.639
 Let's say that

00:27:43.639 --> 00:27:44.059
 your friend

00:27:44.059 --> 00:27:45.180
 leaves her dog

00:27:45.180 --> 00:27:45.859
 with you

00:27:45.859 --> 00:27:46.819
 in your care

00:27:46.819 --> 00:27:47.319
 while she is

00:27:47.319 --> 00:27:47.639
 traveling

00:27:47.640 --> 00:27:48.560
 and then you

00:27:48.560 --> 00:27:49.180
 take the dog

00:27:49.180 --> 00:27:49.540
 with you

00:27:49.540 --> 00:27:50.240
 to Nahant.

00:27:51.259 --> 00:27:51.600
 Have you guys

00:27:51.600 --> 00:27:52.060
 been to Nahant?

00:27:52.400 --> 00:27:52.520
 Yeah.

00:27:52.960 --> 00:27:54.040
 So Nahant

00:27:54.040 --> 00:27:55.040
 is a small town

00:27:55.040 --> 00:27:55.900
 north of Boston

00:27:55.900 --> 00:27:56.420
 Massachusetts

00:27:56.420 --> 00:27:58.140
 and I read

00:27:58.140 --> 00:27:58.620
 an article

00:27:58.620 --> 00:28:00.400
 last this month

00:28:00.400 --> 00:28:01.620
 that there was

00:28:01.620 --> 00:28:02.540
 a there's a dozen

00:28:02.540 --> 00:28:03.500
 coyotes

00:28:03.500 --> 00:28:04.640
 who are roaming

00:28:04.640 --> 00:28:05.400
 Nahant

00:28:05.400 --> 00:28:06.520
 and apparently

00:28:06.520 --> 00:28:07.100
 over the last

00:28:07.100 --> 00:28:07.540
 two years

00:28:07.540 --> 00:28:08.120
 they've killed

00:28:08.120 --> 00:28:08.920
 two dozen

00:28:08.920 --> 00:28:09.540
 pets

00:28:09.540 --> 00:28:10.640
 in Nahant

00:28:10.640 --> 00:28:11.720
 and so they

00:28:11.720 --> 00:28:12.800
 recently hired

00:28:12.800 --> 00:28:13.940
 a sharpshooter

00:28:13.940 --> 00:28:14.960
 a federal sharpshooter

00:28:14.960 --> 00:28:15.640
 to come and kill

00:28:15.640 --> 00:28:16.440
 some of these coyotes.

00:28:16.440 --> 00:28:18.240
 So if you have

00:28:18.240 --> 00:28:19.000
 small dogs

00:28:19.000 --> 00:28:19.559
 don't take them

00:28:19.559 --> 00:28:20.019
 to Nahant.

00:28:20.940 --> 00:28:22.000
 Now so let's say

00:28:22.000 --> 00:28:22.700
 imagine that you

00:28:22.700 --> 00:28:24.000
 take your friend's

00:28:24.000 --> 00:28:24.740
 dog while she is

00:28:24.740 --> 00:28:25.380
 traveling away

00:28:25.380 --> 00:28:26.200
 you go to Nahant

00:28:26.200 --> 00:28:26.880
 then you go to the

00:28:26.880 --> 00:28:27.360
 beach and you're

00:28:27.360 --> 00:28:28.160
 having a good time

00:28:28.160 --> 00:28:29.299
 and then you realize

00:28:29.299 --> 00:28:29.740
 all of a sudden

00:28:29.740 --> 00:28:30.840
 your dog is gone

00:28:30.840 --> 00:28:31.799
 or your friend's

00:28:31.799 --> 00:28:32.320
 dog is gone

00:28:32.320 --> 00:28:32.860
 and then you

00:28:32.860 --> 00:28:33.860
 to your dismay

00:28:33.860 --> 00:28:35.000
 find the dog's

00:28:35.000 --> 00:28:36.240
 carcass later.

00:28:37.180 --> 00:28:38.100
 A coyote

00:28:38.100 --> 00:28:39.120
 devoured it.

00:28:39.539 --> 00:28:40.279
 Well good news

00:28:40.279 --> 00:28:40.960
 for you is

00:28:40.960 --> 00:28:42.759
 you take the

00:28:42.759 --> 00:28:43.600
 photo of the

00:28:43.600 --> 00:28:44.000
 carcass

00:28:44.000 --> 00:28:45.080
 and show your

00:28:45.080 --> 00:28:45.380
 friend

00:28:45.380 --> 00:28:46.600
 I didn't do

00:28:46.600 --> 00:28:46.800
 it.

00:28:47.460 --> 00:28:48.660
 It was a coyote

00:28:48.660 --> 00:28:49.600
 it was not my

00:28:49.600 --> 00:28:50.160
 fault and then

00:28:50.160 --> 00:28:51.120
 you don't have to

00:28:51.120 --> 00:28:52.020
 make restitution

00:28:52.020 --> 00:28:52.540
 if it's torn

00:28:52.540 --> 00:28:53.300
 by a wild animal.

00:28:54.040 --> 00:28:54.700
 It's funny but

00:28:54.700 --> 00:28:55.220
 these are the kind

00:28:55.220 --> 00:28:55.620
 of things that

00:28:55.620 --> 00:28:56.440
 happen in real life

00:28:56.440 --> 00:28:56.640
 right?

00:28:57.260 --> 00:28:58.340
 Then lastly

00:28:58.340 --> 00:29:00.280
 verses 14 to 15

00:29:00.280 --> 00:29:00.920
 you deal with

00:29:00.920 --> 00:29:01.540
 borrowing and

00:29:01.540 --> 00:29:01.800
 leasing.

00:29:02.540 --> 00:29:03.060
 If a man

00:29:03.060 --> 00:29:04.020
 borrows anything

00:29:04.020 --> 00:29:04.900
 of his neighbor

00:29:04.900 --> 00:29:06.000
 and his integer

00:29:06.000 --> 00:29:07.120
 dies the owner

00:29:07.120 --> 00:29:08.300
 not being with

00:29:08.300 --> 00:29:09.380
 it he shall

00:29:09.380 --> 00:29:09.980
 make full

00:29:09.980 --> 00:29:10.520
 restitution.

00:29:10.960 --> 00:29:11.580
 If the owner

00:29:11.580 --> 00:29:12.500
 was with it

00:29:12.500 --> 00:29:13.180
 he shall not

00:29:13.180 --> 00:29:14.060
 make restitution.

00:29:14.059 --> 00:29:14.879
 If it was

00:29:14.879 --> 00:29:15.419
 hired it

00:29:15.419 --> 00:29:15.839
 came for

00:29:15.839 --> 00:29:16.399
 its hiring

00:29:16.399 --> 00:29:16.960
 fee.

00:29:17.059 --> 00:29:17.319
 This is

00:29:17.319 --> 00:29:18.379
 really insightful

00:29:18.379 --> 00:29:18.799
 and helpful.

00:29:20.000 --> 00:29:20.539
 Imagine your

00:29:20.539 --> 00:29:21.319
 friend lets you

00:29:21.319 --> 00:29:22.559
 borrow his

00:29:22.559 --> 00:29:23.859
 portable speakers

00:29:23.859 --> 00:29:26.539
 for a backyard

00:29:26.539 --> 00:29:27.099
 party you're

00:29:27.099 --> 00:29:28.619
 hosting and it

00:29:28.619 --> 00:29:29.879
 breaks while

00:29:29.879 --> 00:29:30.659
 you're using

00:29:30.659 --> 00:29:31.000
 it.

00:29:32.059 --> 00:29:32.599
 Then you

00:29:32.599 --> 00:29:33.679
 should buy

00:29:33.679 --> 00:29:34.319
 your friend

00:29:34.319 --> 00:29:35.079
 a replacement

00:29:35.079 --> 00:29:36.359
 portable speaker

00:29:36.359 --> 00:29:39.019
 but if your

00:29:39.019 --> 00:29:40.319
 friend who

00:29:40.319 --> 00:29:41.059
 let you borrow

00:29:41.059 --> 00:29:42.079
 the portable

00:29:42.079 --> 00:29:42.659
 speaker happened

00:29:42.659 --> 00:29:43.240
 to be with

00:29:43.240 --> 00:29:43.859
 you at the

00:29:43.859 --> 00:29:45.259
 party while

00:29:45.259 --> 00:29:45.859
 you were using

00:29:45.859 --> 00:29:47.240
 it and it

00:29:47.240 --> 00:29:48.779
 breaks well

00:29:48.779 --> 00:29:49.399
 then you

00:29:49.399 --> 00:29:50.019
 actually don't

00:29:50.019 --> 00:29:50.919
 have to buy

00:29:50.919 --> 00:29:52.099
 him a new

00:29:52.099 --> 00:29:53.000
 portable speaker.

00:29:53.119 --> 00:29:53.359
 Why?

00:29:53.919 --> 00:29:54.440
 Because the

00:29:54.440 --> 00:29:55.259
 owner was there

00:29:55.259 --> 00:29:56.480
 to watch to

00:29:56.480 --> 00:29:57.179
 make sure that

00:29:57.179 --> 00:29:57.740
 the item was

00:29:57.740 --> 00:29:58.139
 not being

00:29:58.139 --> 00:29:59.179
 misused or

00:29:59.179 --> 00:29:59.599
 abused.

00:30:00.220 --> 00:30:01.220
 He saw that

00:30:01.220 --> 00:30:01.720
 you were not

00:30:01.720 --> 00:30:02.279
 using the

00:30:02.279 --> 00:30:02.839
 portable speaker

00:30:02.839 --> 00:30:03.419
 as a drum

00:30:03.419 --> 00:30:03.899
 against the

00:30:03.899 --> 00:30:04.159
 rock.

00:30:04.639 --> 00:30:05.319
 He saw that

00:30:05.319 --> 00:30:05.799
 you did not

00:30:05.799 --> 00:30:06.759
 spill water on

00:30:06.759 --> 00:30:07.099
 the portable

00:30:07.099 --> 00:30:07.480
 speaker.

00:30:07.940 --> 00:30:08.579
 He saw that

00:30:08.579 --> 00:30:08.960
 you were just

00:30:08.960 --> 00:30:09.799
 responsibly using

00:30:09.799 --> 00:30:10.119
 the portable

00:30:10.119 --> 00:30:10.759
 speaker and all

00:30:10.759 --> 00:30:11.119
 of a sudden

00:30:11.119 --> 00:30:11.799
 something went

00:30:11.799 --> 00:30:12.119
 and it just

00:30:12.119 --> 00:30:12.740
 stopped working.

00:30:13.259 --> 00:30:13.899
 That's not your

00:30:13.899 --> 00:30:14.180
 fault.

00:30:14.559 --> 00:30:14.940
 Then you don't

00:30:14.940 --> 00:30:15.579
 have to pay

00:30:15.579 --> 00:30:16.460
 that back.

00:30:17.980 --> 00:30:19.519
 Now, so if

00:30:19.519 --> 00:30:20.000
 your friend was

00:30:20.000 --> 00:30:21.319
 with you, you

00:30:21.319 --> 00:30:22.119
 don't have to

00:30:22.119 --> 00:30:22.940
 pay but if your

00:30:22.940 --> 00:30:23.539
 friend wasn't

00:30:23.539 --> 00:30:24.019
 there with you

00:30:24.019 --> 00:30:24.519
 then you should

00:30:24.519 --> 00:30:25.079
 pay that back

00:30:25.079 --> 00:30:25.519
 in full.

00:30:26.079 --> 00:30:26.680
 That's the case

00:30:26.680 --> 00:30:27.460
 of borrowing but

00:30:27.460 --> 00:30:28.220
 leasing is a

00:30:28.220 --> 00:30:28.819
 different scenario.

00:30:29.319 --> 00:30:29.759
 If it was

00:30:29.759 --> 00:30:30.839
 hired, it came

00:30:30.839 --> 00:30:31.500
 for its hiring

00:30:31.500 --> 00:30:31.899
 fee.

00:30:32.759 --> 00:30:33.899
 If you paid

00:30:33.899 --> 00:30:34.960
 your friend to

00:30:34.960 --> 00:30:36.159
 lease his car

00:30:36.159 --> 00:30:36.899
 for a period of

00:30:36.899 --> 00:30:37.859
 time and you

00:30:37.859 --> 00:30:39.099
 damaged that car

00:30:39.099 --> 00:30:39.859
 while it's

00:30:39.859 --> 00:30:40.480
 under lease,

00:30:40.819 --> 00:30:41.539
 that was a

00:30:41.539 --> 00:30:42.299
 risk that your

00:30:42.299 --> 00:30:43.299
 friend assumed

00:30:43.299 --> 00:30:44.279
 when he leased

00:30:44.279 --> 00:30:45.559
 it to you and

00:30:45.559 --> 00:30:46.359
 he should not

00:30:46.359 --> 00:30:47.819
 make you pay

00:30:47.819 --> 00:30:48.699
 for that repair.

00:30:48.959 --> 00:30:49.339
 It should have

00:30:49.339 --> 00:30:49.859
 been factored

00:30:49.859 --> 00:30:50.859
 into the leasing

00:30:50.859 --> 00:30:51.859
 fee so you

00:30:51.859 --> 00:30:52.459
 don't have to

00:30:52.459 --> 00:30:52.899
 pay for the

00:30:52.899 --> 00:30:53.399
 damage in that

00:30:53.399 --> 00:30:53.619
 case.

00:30:53.699 --> 00:30:54.219
 It's similar to

00:30:54.219 --> 00:30:54.959
 how car rental

00:30:54.959 --> 00:30:56.119
 companies make

00:30:56.119 --> 00:30:56.539
 you pay for

00:30:56.539 --> 00:30:57.199
 insurance when

00:30:57.199 --> 00:30:57.939
 you rent out a

00:30:57.939 --> 00:30:58.119
 car.

00:30:58.859 --> 00:30:59.279
 But if you're

00:30:59.279 --> 00:30:59.819
 just borrowing

00:30:59.819 --> 00:31:00.419
 your car, your

00:31:00.419 --> 00:31:01.319
 friend's car, and

00:31:01.319 --> 00:31:01.879
 your friend's not

00:31:01.879 --> 00:31:02.819
 with you and you

00:31:02.819 --> 00:31:03.559
 wreck it, you

00:31:03.559 --> 00:31:04.039
 should pay for

00:31:04.039 --> 00:31:04.419
 it.

00:31:04.419 --> 00:31:05.839
 Or at least

00:31:05.839 --> 00:31:06.579
 someone's insurance

00:31:06.579 --> 00:31:07.279
 will pay for it.

00:31:07.279 --> 00:31:09.339
 All that to

00:31:09.339 --> 00:31:09.819
 say the Bible

00:31:09.819 --> 00:31:10.619
 teaches us to

00:31:10.619 --> 00:31:11.500
 have a healthy

00:31:11.500 --> 00:31:12.079
 respect for

00:31:12.079 --> 00:31:12.759
 private property

00:31:12.759 --> 00:31:14.160
 because it's an

00:31:14.160 --> 00:31:15.099
 aspect of loving

00:31:15.099 --> 00:31:15.519
 our neighbor.

00:31:16.200 --> 00:31:17.160
 If we love our

00:31:17.160 --> 00:31:17.980
 neighbor, we will

00:31:17.980 --> 00:31:18.779
 treat their

00:31:18.779 --> 00:31:20.079
 properties with the

00:31:20.079 --> 00:31:20.680
 care that they

00:31:20.680 --> 00:31:21.079
 deserve.

00:31:21.879 --> 00:31:23.619
 But as we'll see

00:31:23.619 --> 00:31:25.180
 next week, because

00:31:25.180 --> 00:31:26.160
 respect for private

00:31:26.160 --> 00:31:27.119
 property is ultimately

00:31:27.119 --> 00:31:27.859
 about loving our

00:31:27.859 --> 00:31:29.200
 neighbor, the Bible

00:31:29.200 --> 00:31:30.859
 doesn't want us to

00:31:30.859 --> 00:31:31.839
 treat our own

00:31:31.839 --> 00:31:33.200
 property as if it

00:31:33.200 --> 00:31:34.819
 were some sacrosanct

00:31:34.819 --> 00:31:35.879
 and inviolable

00:31:35.879 --> 00:31:36.839
 thing that we

00:31:36.839 --> 00:31:37.559
 must protect at

00:31:37.559 --> 00:31:38.099
 all costs.

00:31:39.079 --> 00:31:40.079
 For example, later

00:31:40.079 --> 00:31:40.980
 in verses 26 to

00:31:40.980 --> 00:31:41.879
 27, it says that

00:31:41.879 --> 00:31:42.700
 if you have taken

00:31:42.700 --> 00:31:43.720
 your poor neighbor's

00:31:43.720 --> 00:31:44.659
 cloak and pledge,

00:31:45.259 --> 00:31:46.980
 even if he had not

00:31:46.980 --> 00:31:49.259
 repaid the debt, you

00:31:49.259 --> 00:31:50.359
 should return the

00:31:50.359 --> 00:31:52.039
 cloak to him because

00:31:52.039 --> 00:31:53.079
 it says, return it to

00:31:53.079 --> 00:31:53.919
 him before the sun

00:31:53.919 --> 00:31:54.879
 goes down for that

00:31:54.879 --> 00:31:56.099
 is his only covering

00:31:56.099 --> 00:31:57.500
 and it is his cloak

00:31:57.500 --> 00:31:58.240
 for his body.

00:31:58.740 --> 00:31:59.539
 In what else shall

00:31:59.539 --> 00:32:00.059
 he sleep?

00:32:00.720 --> 00:32:01.779
 And if he cries to

00:32:01.779 --> 00:32:03.039
 me, I will hear for

00:32:03.039 --> 00:32:04.159
 I am compassionate.

00:32:05.099 --> 00:32:06.339
 You are legally

00:32:06.339 --> 00:32:07.460
 entitled to keep

00:32:07.460 --> 00:32:08.259
 the man's cloak

00:32:08.259 --> 00:32:09.240
 because he hasn't

00:32:09.240 --> 00:32:10.379
 repaid your debt.

00:32:10.639 --> 00:32:11.619
 But it's the poor

00:32:11.619 --> 00:32:12.899
 man's only covering

00:32:12.899 --> 00:32:13.879
 in the chill of

00:32:13.879 --> 00:32:14.139
 night.

00:32:15.079 --> 00:32:16.079
 And so instead of

00:32:16.079 --> 00:32:17.220
 insisting on your

00:32:17.220 --> 00:32:18.680
 right and taking

00:32:18.680 --> 00:32:19.279
 that and keeping

00:32:19.279 --> 00:32:20.259
 that cloak as your

00:32:20.259 --> 00:32:21.519
 own property, you

00:32:21.519 --> 00:32:21.879
 should be

00:32:21.879 --> 00:32:23.500
 compassionate because

00:32:23.500 --> 00:32:24.899
 God is compassionate.

00:32:25.899 --> 00:32:26.700
 While we need

00:32:26.700 --> 00:32:27.440
 these property laws

00:32:27.440 --> 00:32:28.059
 for the sake of

00:32:28.059 --> 00:32:29.079
 justice out in

00:32:29.079 --> 00:32:30.000
 society, remember

00:32:30.000 --> 00:32:30.779
 that the ultimate

00:32:30.779 --> 00:32:31.639
 goal for the

00:32:31.639 --> 00:32:32.639
 Christian is not

00:32:32.640 --> 00:32:35.840
 just justice for

00:32:35.840 --> 00:32:36.380
 these things.

00:32:36.580 --> 00:32:37.200
 You're trying to

00:32:37.200 --> 00:32:37.940
 love your neighbor

00:32:37.940 --> 00:32:38.480
 as yourself.

00:32:40.300 --> 00:32:41.560
 So we know that

00:32:41.560 --> 00:32:42.940
 property rights, the

00:32:42.940 --> 00:32:43.880
 protecting property

00:32:43.880 --> 00:32:44.940
 rights is not the

00:32:44.940 --> 00:32:45.660
 ultimate goal of

00:32:45.660 --> 00:32:46.580
 this passage from

00:32:46.580 --> 00:32:48.360
 its even higher

00:32:48.360 --> 00:32:49.500
 reverence for human

00:32:49.500 --> 00:32:49.880
 life.

00:32:50.940 --> 00:32:51.759
 Last week we

00:32:51.759 --> 00:32:52.440
 already covered the

00:32:52.440 --> 00:32:53.280
 case where a

00:32:53.280 --> 00:32:54.520
 goring ox kills a

00:32:54.520 --> 00:32:55.360
 man or a woman,

00:32:55.840 --> 00:32:56.800
 but we find more

00:32:56.800 --> 00:32:57.820
 goring ox cases in

00:32:57.820 --> 00:32:58.720
 our passage today.

00:32:58.840 --> 00:32:59.500
 And why is that?

00:32:59.620 --> 00:33:00.980
 Why didn't Moses just

00:33:00.980 --> 00:33:02.240
 lump all the case

00:33:02.240 --> 00:33:03.039
 laws dealing with

00:33:03.039 --> 00:33:04.079
 goring oxes together?

00:33:05.180 --> 00:33:06.500
 He separated them

00:33:06.500 --> 00:33:07.500
 because one deals

00:33:07.500 --> 00:33:08.660
 with killing humans

00:33:08.660 --> 00:33:09.460
 and the other one

00:33:09.460 --> 00:33:10.319
 deals with damaging

00:33:10.319 --> 00:33:11.799
 property and those

00:33:11.799 --> 00:33:12.740
 two are very, very

00:33:12.740 --> 00:33:13.480
 different things.

00:33:14.120 --> 00:33:14.900
 And he intentionally

00:33:14.900 --> 00:33:15.759
 classifies them

00:33:15.759 --> 00:33:16.180
 separately.

00:33:17.380 --> 00:33:18.920
 According to 21-29,

00:33:19.039 --> 00:33:19.660
 if the ox was

00:33:19.660 --> 00:33:20.740
 accustomed to gore in

00:33:20.740 --> 00:33:22.059
 the past and such a

00:33:22.059 --> 00:33:23.620
 gore kills a man or

00:33:23.620 --> 00:33:24.960
 woman, that ox was

00:33:24.960 --> 00:33:25.660
 supposed to be put to

00:33:25.660 --> 00:33:26.779
 death and the owner

00:33:26.779 --> 00:33:28.120
 of the ox was guilty

00:33:28.120 --> 00:33:28.599
 of murder.

00:33:28.599 --> 00:33:31.139
 But in the case

00:33:31.139 --> 00:33:32.819
 here in 21-36, the

00:33:32.819 --> 00:33:33.480
 ox that has been

00:33:33.480 --> 00:33:34.299
 accustomed to gore in

00:33:34.299 --> 00:33:35.240
 the past, gore is

00:33:35.240 --> 00:33:36.000
 another animal to

00:33:36.000 --> 00:33:36.199
 death.

00:33:36.279 --> 00:33:37.059
 In this case, the

00:33:37.059 --> 00:33:38.000
 ox who gored the

00:33:38.000 --> 00:33:38.539
 animal to death is

00:33:38.539 --> 00:33:39.980
 not killed and the

00:33:39.980 --> 00:33:40.899
 owner is not guilty

00:33:40.899 --> 00:33:42.559
 of murder because

00:33:42.559 --> 00:33:44.759
 human life is far

00:33:44.759 --> 00:33:45.859
 more valuable than

00:33:45.859 --> 00:33:46.459
 animal life.

00:33:47.419 --> 00:33:48.919
 Both have the breath

00:33:48.919 --> 00:33:49.699
 of life in them,

00:33:50.019 --> 00:33:52.019
 but only a human is

00:33:52.019 --> 00:33:52.879
 created in the image

00:33:52.879 --> 00:33:53.299
 of God.

00:33:54.179 --> 00:33:54.939
 So this principle

00:33:54.939 --> 00:33:55.919
 comes up again and

00:33:55.919 --> 00:33:56.500
 again throughout the

00:33:56.500 --> 00:33:56.719
 Exodus.

00:33:56.720 --> 00:33:58.440
 We've seen it from

00:33:58.440 --> 00:33:59.360
 Genesis 9.

00:33:59.799 --> 00:34:00.900
 And for your life

00:34:00.900 --> 00:34:01.940
 blood, I will require

00:34:01.940 --> 00:34:02.480
 a reckoning.

00:34:02.720 --> 00:34:03.839
 From every beast, I

00:34:03.839 --> 00:34:04.680
 will require it and

00:34:04.680 --> 00:34:05.279
 from man.

00:34:05.420 --> 00:34:06.500
 From his fellow man, I

00:34:06.500 --> 00:34:07.160
 will require a

00:34:07.160 --> 00:34:07.759
 reckoning for the

00:34:07.759 --> 00:34:08.380
 life of man.

00:34:08.780 --> 00:34:09.800
 Whoever sheds the

00:34:09.800 --> 00:34:11.039
 blood of man, by man

00:34:11.039 --> 00:34:11.940
 shall his blood be

00:34:11.940 --> 00:34:12.240
 shed.

00:34:12.619 --> 00:34:12.940
 Why?

00:34:13.559 --> 00:34:16.159
 For God made man in

00:34:16.159 --> 00:34:17.440
 his own image.

00:34:18.599 --> 00:34:19.380
 That's why.

00:34:19.659 --> 00:34:20.599
 That's the reason why

00:34:20.599 --> 00:34:21.500
 human life has

00:34:21.500 --> 00:34:22.500
 in esteemable value.

00:34:23.019 --> 00:34:24.179
 Far greater than any

00:34:24.179 --> 00:34:25.019
 property, no matter

00:34:25.019 --> 00:34:26.699
 how rare or how

00:34:26.699 --> 00:34:28.460
 expensive it is.

00:34:29.579 --> 00:34:30.519
 And we see this

00:34:30.519 --> 00:34:31.899
 principle very clearly

00:34:31.899 --> 00:34:33.719
 in 22 verses 2 to 3,

00:34:33.859 --> 00:34:34.819
 which we skipped over

00:34:34.819 --> 00:34:35.179
 earlier.

00:34:35.319 --> 00:34:36.759
 So it says, if a thief

00:34:36.759 --> 00:34:38.159
 is found breaking in

00:34:38.159 --> 00:34:39.279
 and is struck so that

00:34:39.279 --> 00:34:40.199
 he dies, there shall

00:34:40.199 --> 00:34:41.480
 be no blood guilt for

00:34:41.480 --> 00:34:41.719
 him.

00:34:42.079 --> 00:34:43.159
 But if the sun has

00:34:43.159 --> 00:34:44.000
 risen on him, there

00:34:44.000 --> 00:34:44.899
 shall be blood guilt

00:34:44.899 --> 00:34:45.239
 for him.

00:34:45.279 --> 00:34:45.980
 He shall surely

00:34:45.980 --> 00:34:46.299
 die.

00:34:46.799 --> 00:34:47.699
 If he has nothing,

00:34:47.779 --> 00:34:48.599
 then he shall be sold

00:34:48.599 --> 00:34:49.419
 for his theft.

00:34:50.079 --> 00:34:50.939
 So this is a

00:34:50.939 --> 00:34:51.759
 parenthetical remark

00:34:51.759 --> 00:34:53.879
 with a case of theft.

00:34:53.880 --> 00:34:55.599
 If a homicide occurs

00:34:55.599 --> 00:34:56.619
 when a thief is in the

00:34:56.619 --> 00:34:57.599
 middle of breaking in,

00:34:57.760 --> 00:34:58.900
 someone kills the thief.

00:34:59.539 --> 00:35:00.740
 Verse 2 specifically

00:35:00.740 --> 00:35:01.860
 says that if a thief

00:35:01.860 --> 00:35:02.880
 is found breaking in

00:35:02.880 --> 00:35:03.780
 and is struck so that

00:35:03.780 --> 00:35:04.860
 he dies, there shall

00:35:04.860 --> 00:35:05.960
 be no blood guilt for

00:35:05.960 --> 00:35:06.119
 him.

00:35:06.740 --> 00:35:08.019
 Well, so that could be

00:35:08.019 --> 00:35:08.820
 misinterpreted because

00:35:08.820 --> 00:35:09.559
 we could think, well,

00:35:09.640 --> 00:35:10.460
 then if someone's

00:35:10.460 --> 00:35:11.220
 breaking into my house,

00:35:11.320 --> 00:35:12.300
 then he's fair game.

00:35:12.360 --> 00:35:13.260
 I can take him out and

00:35:13.260 --> 00:35:14.059
 do whatever I want.

00:35:14.119 --> 00:35:14.539
 I can kill him.

00:35:14.640 --> 00:35:15.720
 That's without any

00:35:15.720 --> 00:35:16.140
 consequence.

00:35:16.260 --> 00:35:16.900
 That's not what this

00:35:16.900 --> 00:35:17.660
 means because look at

00:35:17.660 --> 00:35:18.640
 what it says right after

00:35:18.640 --> 00:35:18.900
 that.

00:35:18.900 --> 00:35:21.160
 But if the sun has

00:35:21.160 --> 00:35:22.480
 risen on him, there

00:35:22.480 --> 00:35:23.960
 shall be blood guilt

00:35:23.960 --> 00:35:24.539
 for him.

00:35:25.440 --> 00:35:27.480
 So verse 3 assumes

00:35:27.480 --> 00:35:28.880
 that the thief in this

00:35:28.880 --> 00:35:30.180
 hypothetical scenario

00:35:30.180 --> 00:35:31.539
 was struck dead while

00:35:31.539 --> 00:35:33.980
 breaking in at night.

00:35:34.340 --> 00:35:35.920
 If the thief was killed

00:35:35.920 --> 00:35:37.220
 while breaking in at

00:35:37.220 --> 00:35:39.160
 night, then the property

00:35:39.160 --> 00:35:40.700
 owner is not liable for

00:35:40.700 --> 00:35:40.960
 murder.

00:35:41.440 --> 00:35:42.559
 But if the thief was

00:35:42.559 --> 00:35:43.920
 killed while breaking in

00:35:43.920 --> 00:35:45.400
 during the day, then the

00:35:45.400 --> 00:35:47.260
 property owner is liable

00:35:47.260 --> 00:35:48.059
 for murder.

00:35:48.059 --> 00:35:49.920
 But why this distinction

00:35:49.920 --> 00:35:51.039
 between nighttime and

00:35:51.039 --> 00:35:51.320
 daytime?

00:35:51.880 --> 00:35:52.820
 Well, it's because nighttime

00:35:52.820 --> 00:35:54.840
 is when criminals with the

00:35:54.840 --> 00:35:56.219
 most sinister intentions are

00:35:56.219 --> 00:35:56.639
 active.

00:35:57.420 --> 00:35:59.139
 And because it's difficult to

00:35:59.139 --> 00:36:01.019
 discern the true objective

00:36:01.019 --> 00:36:02.460
 of a thief in the middle of

00:36:02.460 --> 00:36:03.579
 the night when you can't see

00:36:03.579 --> 00:36:04.099
 him properly.

00:36:04.960 --> 00:36:07.299
 So Job 24, 13 to 14 notes

00:36:07.299 --> 00:36:08.579
 that a thief in the night has

00:36:08.579 --> 00:36:09.920
 particularly evil intentions.

00:36:10.079 --> 00:36:10.960
 It says there are those who

00:36:10.960 --> 00:36:12.799
 rebel against the light, who

00:36:12.799 --> 00:36:13.920
 are not acquainted with its

00:36:13.920 --> 00:36:15.360
 ways and do not stay in its

00:36:15.360 --> 00:36:15.739
 paths.

00:36:15.739 --> 00:36:17.960
 The murderer rises before

00:36:17.960 --> 00:36:19.320
 it is light, that he may

00:36:19.320 --> 00:36:20.820
 kill the poor and needy and

00:36:20.820 --> 00:36:22.539
 in the night he is like a

00:36:22.539 --> 00:36:22.820
 thief.

00:36:23.720 --> 00:36:25.300
 This is why other ancient

00:36:25.300 --> 00:36:26.340
 laws from different cultures

00:36:26.340 --> 00:36:27.679
 also have reserved more

00:36:27.679 --> 00:36:28.760
 severe punishment for

00:36:28.760 --> 00:36:29.800
 nighttime thievery.

00:36:30.639 --> 00:36:32.760
 So at night, the owner of

00:36:32.760 --> 00:36:34.320
 the house cannot see whether

00:36:34.320 --> 00:36:35.980
 the thief is armed or not.

00:36:36.599 --> 00:36:37.920
 So the owner doesn't know,

00:36:38.079 --> 00:36:38.920
 wait, is this guy here to

00:36:38.920 --> 00:36:40.900
 kill me, kill my wife, or

00:36:40.900 --> 00:36:41.500
 kill my kids?

00:36:41.740 --> 00:36:43.099
 Or is he just here to steal?

00:36:43.440 --> 00:36:44.599
 You can't really tell because

00:36:44.599 --> 00:36:45.460
 you can't see anything.

00:36:45.460 --> 00:36:46.420
 You don't know if he's

00:36:46.420 --> 00:36:47.599
 armed or not.

00:36:48.280 --> 00:36:49.519
 It is conceivable that in

00:36:49.519 --> 00:36:51.199
 the confusion and chaos and

00:36:51.199 --> 00:36:53.480
 surprise of the night, a

00:36:53.480 --> 00:36:54.679
 frightened property owner who

00:36:54.679 --> 00:36:56.019
 is unable to cry out for

00:36:56.019 --> 00:36:56.840
 help because it's in the

00:36:56.840 --> 00:36:57.559
 middle of night and the

00:36:57.559 --> 00:36:58.960
 neighbors are asleep, he

00:36:58.960 --> 00:37:00.659
 strikes the thief dead while

00:37:00.659 --> 00:37:02.360
 defending himself or trying to

00:37:02.360 --> 00:37:03.980
 stop the stealing.

00:37:04.699 --> 00:37:06.260
 In this case, the property

00:37:06.260 --> 00:37:07.960
 owner is given the benefit of

00:37:07.960 --> 00:37:09.460
 the doubt and he's not charged

00:37:10.099 --> 00:37:10.619
 with murder.

00:37:11.300 --> 00:37:12.559
 Especially according to

00:37:12.559 --> 00:37:14.199
 scriptural principles, you have

00:37:14.199 --> 00:37:15.399
 to have at least two or three

00:37:15.399 --> 00:37:16.599
 witnesses to convict someone

00:37:16.599 --> 00:37:17.099
 of murder.

00:37:17.460 --> 00:37:18.639
 It also would be nearly

00:37:18.639 --> 00:37:19.859
 impossible to convict this

00:37:19.859 --> 00:37:21.439
 owner, even if you tried

00:37:21.439 --> 00:37:22.000
 because there would be no

00:37:22.000 --> 00:37:22.339
 witnesses.

00:37:23.659 --> 00:37:25.159
 However, if he kills the

00:37:25.159 --> 00:37:27.980
 thief during the day, then the

00:37:27.980 --> 00:37:29.379
 law does not excuse him,

00:37:29.460 --> 00:37:29.960
 protect him.

00:37:30.099 --> 00:37:31.159
 It holds him accountable for

00:37:31.159 --> 00:37:31.419
 murder.

00:37:32.159 --> 00:37:32.659
 Because why?

00:37:32.739 --> 00:37:33.619
 During the day, you can

00:37:33.619 --> 00:37:34.719
 observe the thief clearly.

00:37:35.259 --> 00:37:36.319
 You can tell whether he is

00:37:36.319 --> 00:37:37.059
 armed or not.

00:37:37.759 --> 00:37:38.759
 If he's not armed, he's

00:37:38.759 --> 00:37:39.779
 probably not here to kill you.

00:37:39.839 --> 00:37:41.179
 He's probably just going to

00:37:41.179 --> 00:37:41.939
 steal some stuff.

00:37:41.940 --> 00:37:45.340
 You could also tell during

00:37:45.340 --> 00:37:49.360
 the day what the thief looks

00:37:49.360 --> 00:37:49.679
 like.

00:37:49.800 --> 00:37:50.700
 Maybe they're masked, maybe

00:37:50.700 --> 00:37:50.940
 not.

00:37:51.000 --> 00:37:51.900
 You could observe him

00:37:51.900 --> 00:37:52.900
 carefully and try to track

00:37:52.900 --> 00:37:54.019
 him down and find him later.

00:37:54.900 --> 00:37:55.840
 If during the day, you could

00:37:55.840 --> 00:37:56.920
 also call to your neighbors

00:37:56.920 --> 00:37:57.820
 for help because they're

00:37:57.820 --> 00:37:59.320
 awake and they can see and

00:37:59.320 --> 00:38:00.139
 you could have witnesses.

00:38:01.179 --> 00:38:02.539
 So basically during the day,

00:38:02.639 --> 00:38:04.840
 you have many recourses that

00:38:04.840 --> 00:38:06.780
 can help you to avoid a fatal

00:38:06.780 --> 00:38:08.619
 confrontation with the thief.

00:38:08.619 --> 00:38:11.179
 But if you don't take those

00:38:11.179 --> 00:38:12.559
 other recourses and you kill

00:38:12.559 --> 00:38:13.920
 the thief during the day, then

00:38:13.920 --> 00:38:15.739
 you are guilty of murder.

00:38:16.799 --> 00:38:18.259
 This precedent shows very

00:38:18.259 --> 00:38:19.880
 clearly that according to

00:38:19.880 --> 00:38:22.299
 scripture's valuation, people,

00:38:22.719 --> 00:38:25.359
 even if they are thieves and

00:38:25.359 --> 00:38:28.940
 knaves, are more valuable than

00:38:28.940 --> 00:38:29.319
 property.

00:38:31.699 --> 00:38:33.579
 Contrast this again with the

00:38:33.579 --> 00:38:35.199
 code of Hammurabi, which

00:38:35.199 --> 00:38:37.219
 stipulates that all thieves that

00:38:37.219 --> 00:38:38.440
 break into a house should be

00:38:38.440 --> 00:38:39.119
 put to death.

00:38:41.300 --> 00:38:42.800
 Regardless of their intent,

00:38:43.360 --> 00:38:44.720
 whether it happens in daytime

00:38:44.720 --> 00:38:45.599
 or nighttime.

00:38:46.860 --> 00:38:48.539
 Other ancient Near Eastern laws

00:38:48.539 --> 00:38:50.480
 do not consistently value human

00:38:50.480 --> 00:38:51.599
 life over property.

00:38:51.900 --> 00:38:53.440
 In fact, they often value property

00:38:53.440 --> 00:38:55.720
 more than human life, especially

00:38:55.720 --> 00:38:57.460
 if that property belongs to an

00:38:57.460 --> 00:38:58.420
 upper class citizen.

00:38:58.880 --> 00:39:00.240
 But that's not the case in

00:39:00.240 --> 00:39:00.480
 scripture.

00:39:01.480 --> 00:39:03.840
 When you're in a crash with

00:39:03.840 --> 00:39:07.340
 another car, is your first

00:39:07.340 --> 00:39:08.940
 impulse and concern for the

00:39:08.940 --> 00:39:10.539
 health and well-being of the

00:39:10.539 --> 00:39:12.180
 passengers and the drivers?

00:39:12.820 --> 00:39:14.240
 Or is it for your damaged

00:39:14.240 --> 00:39:14.680
 vehicle?

00:39:17.760 --> 00:39:20.900
 When your kid drops and

00:39:20.900 --> 00:39:24.240
 shatters your favorite teapot,

00:39:24.239 --> 00:39:28.019
 is your concern primarily for the

00:39:28.019 --> 00:39:28.339
 child?

00:39:28.839 --> 00:39:29.579
 He's not cut.

00:39:30.399 --> 00:39:33.419
 Or are you more upset about your

00:39:33.419 --> 00:39:34.019
 shattered mug?

00:39:37.399 --> 00:39:40.139
 In the New Testament, we see how

00:39:40.139 --> 00:39:43.099
 radically Jesus' life, death, and

00:39:43.099 --> 00:39:45.139
 resurrection transformed the way we

00:39:45.139 --> 00:39:45.939
 relate to property.

00:39:46.779 --> 00:39:48.379
 Let me briefly share a few examples.

00:39:48.380 --> 00:39:51.140
 In Luke 19, verse 8, when Zacchaeus,

00:39:51.220 --> 00:39:52.640
 who was a wealthy tax collector,

00:39:53.000 --> 00:39:55.360
 who was famous in town for stealing

00:39:55.360 --> 00:39:57.800
 from his fellow Jews and defrauding

00:39:57.800 --> 00:40:01.019
 them, when he encounters Jesus and

00:40:01.019 --> 00:40:03.360
 is converted, he repents of his sin

00:40:03.360 --> 00:40:05.820
 and he says, behold, Lord, the half of

00:40:05.820 --> 00:40:07.900
 my goods I give to the poor, and if I

00:40:07.900 --> 00:40:10.019
 have defrauded anyone of anything, I

00:40:10.019 --> 00:40:11.599
 restore it fourfold.

00:40:12.760 --> 00:40:15.900
 According to Exodus 22, Zacchaeus was

00:40:15.900 --> 00:40:19.220
 only required to pay double because he

00:40:19.220 --> 00:40:21.320
 had defrauded and he had stolen common

00:40:21.320 --> 00:40:21.660
 goods.

00:40:22.460 --> 00:40:26.940
 But he voluntarily says, I will pay back

00:40:26.940 --> 00:40:29.260
 fourfold, twice the required amount.

00:40:29.840 --> 00:40:31.900
 And he certainly did not have to pledge

00:40:31.900 --> 00:40:34.440
 half of his goods to the poor, but he

00:40:34.440 --> 00:40:34.700
 does.

00:40:34.800 --> 00:40:35.760
 Why does he do that?

00:40:36.579 --> 00:40:39.240
 Because he has found a far greater

00:40:39.240 --> 00:40:41.320
 treasure in Jesus and his gospel.

00:40:42.820 --> 00:40:44.920
 In 1 Corinthians 6, 7, Paul is

00:40:44.920 --> 00:40:46.760
 mediating between two Christian

00:40:46.760 --> 00:40:47.180
 brothers.

00:40:47.440 --> 00:40:48.880
 One has defrauded the other.

00:40:49.200 --> 00:40:50.760
 The other one is now suing the other

00:40:50.760 --> 00:40:52.200
 one to get his money back.

00:40:52.740 --> 00:40:54.940
 And Paul says to have lawsuits at all

00:40:54.940 --> 00:40:56.860
 with one another is already a defeat

00:40:56.860 --> 00:40:57.400
 for you.

00:40:58.079 --> 00:40:59.800
 Why not rather suffer wrong?

00:40:59.960 --> 00:41:01.720
 Why not rather be defrauded?

00:41:03.059 --> 00:41:04.760
 It's getting back your money so

00:41:04.760 --> 00:41:06.780
 important that you're willing to sue a

00:41:06.780 --> 00:41:09.340
 Christian brother in front of an

00:41:09.340 --> 00:41:10.340
 unbelieving judge.

00:41:10.340 --> 00:41:13.760
 What does that do for your Christian

00:41:13.760 --> 00:41:14.200
 witness?

00:41:15.559 --> 00:41:16.960
 It's getting your money and getting

00:41:16.960 --> 00:41:18.420
 your rights, getting your property

00:41:18.420 --> 00:41:19.800
 more important than the witness that

00:41:19.800 --> 00:41:21.840
 you bear to your unbelievers around

00:41:21.840 --> 00:41:22.180
 you.

00:41:23.519 --> 00:41:24.620
 Paul's saying it is not.

00:41:26.079 --> 00:41:27.579
 Because we now have an eternal

00:41:27.579 --> 00:41:29.460
 perspective and we know that we have

00:41:29.460 --> 00:41:31.360
 an imperishable inheritance in heaven,

00:41:31.740 --> 00:41:35.160
 we do not live like money and things we

00:41:35.160 --> 00:41:37.260
 own are the be all and the end all of

00:41:37.260 --> 00:41:37.540
 life.

00:41:39.700 --> 00:41:42.460
 In Victor Hugo's classic novel,

00:41:44.080 --> 00:41:47.120
 Les Miserables, John Valjean is a poor

00:41:47.120 --> 00:41:49.840
 man who serves a 19-year prison sentence

00:41:49.840 --> 00:41:52.080
 for stealing a single loaf of bread,

00:41:52.620 --> 00:41:54.180
 which, by the way, would not be

00:41:54.180 --> 00:41:56.060
 proportional punishment.

00:41:57.420 --> 00:42:00.100
 After he is released, he doesn't know

00:42:00.100 --> 00:42:03.060
 how else to live and he steals valuable

00:42:03.060 --> 00:42:05.960
 silver forks and spoons from a Christian

00:42:05.960 --> 00:42:08.720
 bishop named Muriel who shows him

00:42:08.720 --> 00:42:09.260
 hospitality.

00:42:10.480 --> 00:42:12.860
 But while John Valjean is running away

00:42:12.860 --> 00:42:15.740
 in the night, the way he's running away

00:42:15.740 --> 00:42:17.619
 arises a suspicion of the police officers

00:42:17.619 --> 00:42:19.860
 and they apprehend him and discover that

00:42:19.860 --> 00:42:22.039
 he's carrying very suspiciously this

00:42:22.039 --> 00:42:24.159
 silverware, valuable silverware, and

00:42:24.159 --> 00:42:25.559
 assume that it's stolen.

00:42:25.699 --> 00:42:27.300
 And he says, no, no, no, I didn't steal it.

00:42:27.420 --> 00:42:28.619
 This man gave it to me.

00:42:28.720 --> 00:42:30.619
 And they drag him back to the bishop's

00:42:30.619 --> 00:42:30.980
 house.

00:42:31.420 --> 00:42:33.159
 They knock on the door and the bishop

00:42:33.159 --> 00:42:35.199
 opens the door, sees the three police

00:42:35.199 --> 00:42:35.639
 officers.

00:42:35.879 --> 00:42:36.319
 Was it three?

00:42:36.420 --> 00:42:36.879
 I don't remember.

00:42:37.299 --> 00:42:39.460
 And he sees the man and he sees John

00:42:39.460 --> 00:42:41.879
 Valjean and he immediately remembers,

00:42:42.199 --> 00:42:43.420
 he figures out what's going on.

00:42:43.480 --> 00:42:44.159
 This is what he says.

00:42:44.199 --> 00:42:45.179
 Oh, here you are.

00:42:46.219 --> 00:42:48.219
 As if we're expecting John Valjean.

00:42:48.559 --> 00:42:50.480
 And he continues, I'm glad to see you.

00:42:51.480 --> 00:42:52.819
 Well, but how is this?

00:42:53.199 --> 00:42:56.019
 I gave you the candlesticks too,

00:42:56.019 --> 00:42:59.460
 which are of silver like the rest.

00:42:59.900 --> 00:43:02.420
 And for which you can certainly get 200

00:43:02.420 --> 00:43:03.079
 francs.

00:43:03.619 --> 00:43:06.039
 Why did you not carry them away with

00:43:06.039 --> 00:43:07.480
 your forks and spoons?

00:43:09.719 --> 00:43:12.099
 As the bishop's insistence that the

00:43:12.099 --> 00:43:14.320
 silverware really is a gift to the

00:43:14.320 --> 00:43:17.000
 man, the officers are dumbfounded and

00:43:17.000 --> 00:43:17.960
 they depart.

00:43:19.219 --> 00:43:20.659
 And John Valjean is stupefied.

00:43:20.960 --> 00:43:22.320
 He can't believe what is happening.

00:43:22.559 --> 00:43:23.739
 He's not going to be apprehended.

00:43:23.820 --> 00:43:24.980
 He's not going to go back to prison.

00:43:24.980 --> 00:43:26.820
 He's trembling all over.

00:43:27.039 --> 00:43:28.480
 And before John Valjean leaves,

00:43:28.579 --> 00:43:30.260
 Bishop Muriel takes a step forward to

00:43:30.260 --> 00:43:32.000
 him, draws near and whispers in his

00:43:32.000 --> 00:43:32.300
 ears.

00:43:33.019 --> 00:43:33.960
 Do not forget.

00:43:34.639 --> 00:43:37.880
 Never forget that you have promised to

00:43:37.880 --> 00:43:40.039
 use this money in becoming an honest

00:43:40.039 --> 00:43:40.440
 man.

00:43:41.420 --> 00:43:43.880
 John Valjean, my brother, you no longer

00:43:43.880 --> 00:43:45.840
 belong to evil, but to good.

00:43:46.619 --> 00:43:49.300
 It is your soul that I buy from you.

00:43:49.800 --> 00:43:52.320
 I withdraw it from black thoughts and

00:43:52.320 --> 00:43:53.380
 the spirit of perdition.

00:43:53.380 --> 00:43:56.079
 And I give it to God.

00:43:58.960 --> 00:44:01.240
 This is what Christ has done for us.

00:44:03.980 --> 00:44:05.140
 And so much more.

00:44:05.680 --> 00:44:07.380
 According to 2 Corinthians 8, 9.

00:44:07.720 --> 00:44:10.280
 For you know the grace of our Lord Jesus

00:44:10.280 --> 00:44:14.000
 Christ, that though he was rich, yet for

00:44:14.000 --> 00:44:17.300
 your sake he became poor so that you by

00:44:17.300 --> 00:44:20.500
 his poverty might become rich.

00:44:20.500 --> 00:44:22.639
 We were all thieves.

00:44:24.260 --> 00:44:24.760
 Why?

00:44:24.880 --> 00:44:27.519
 Because as David acknowledges in 1 Chronicles

00:44:27.519 --> 00:44:30.579
 29, 14, after bringing an offering to God, all

00:44:30.579 --> 00:44:32.340
 things come from you.

00:44:32.800 --> 00:44:35.639
 And of your own we have given you.

00:44:36.360 --> 00:44:38.480
 Everything we have is God's.

00:44:38.619 --> 00:44:41.199
 Everything you see belongs to God.

00:44:41.260 --> 00:44:43.320
 And we have lived like it's ours.

00:44:43.320 --> 00:44:46.480
 Instead of living like we are borrowers and

00:44:46.480 --> 00:44:49.300
 stewards, using these resources that God's given

00:44:49.300 --> 00:44:51.940
 us for God's glory, we have lived for ourselves and

00:44:51.940 --> 00:44:55.880
 used them and spent them and stolen them for our own

00:44:55.880 --> 00:44:56.640
 benefit.

00:44:57.080 --> 00:44:58.120
 We're all thieves.

00:44:58.620 --> 00:44:59.700
 That's what we have done.

00:45:00.500 --> 00:45:05.080
 But instead of arresting us and condemning us, he offers us the

00:45:05.080 --> 00:45:08.380
 free gift of righteousness through Jesus Christ.

00:45:08.380 --> 00:45:14.079
 He promises as a heavenly inheritance through Jesus Christ.

00:45:16.019 --> 00:45:19.980
 Bishop Muriel purchased John Valjean's earthly freedom with

00:45:19.980 --> 00:45:20.360
 silver.

00:45:20.960 --> 00:45:25.700
 But Jesus purchased us for God and freed us from our slavery to

00:45:25.700 --> 00:45:27.640
 sin with his own life.

00:45:28.740 --> 00:45:33.260
 It says in 1 Peter 1, 8 to 9, we were ransomed not with perishable

00:45:33.260 --> 00:45:38.520
 things such as silver or gold, but with the precious blood of

00:45:38.520 --> 00:45:42.520
 Christ like that of a lamb without blemish or spot.

00:45:44.980 --> 00:45:52.800
 You could imagine Satan, our professional accuser, just going

00:45:52.800 --> 00:45:54.700
 apoplectic over all this.

00:45:56.780 --> 00:45:58.040
 He's a thief.

00:45:59.240 --> 00:45:59.780
 Thief.

00:45:59.780 --> 00:45:59.980
 Thief.

00:46:03.260 --> 00:46:06.520
 He does not deserve your heavenly inheritance.

00:46:07.960 --> 00:46:11.440
 He does not deserve to be adopted as a child of God.

00:46:13.140 --> 00:46:16.780
 He does not deserve eternal life.

00:46:17.820 --> 00:46:23.880
 The only thing he deserves is to rot and writhe in pain in hell.

00:46:23.880 --> 00:46:33.300
 But Jesus, our redeemer, replies, he's a thief no longer because I purchased

00:46:33.300 --> 00:46:33.960
 him for God.

00:46:34.460 --> 00:46:39.559
 When I died on the cross for sin, I gave him my righteousness.

00:46:39.940 --> 00:46:42.539
 I gave him the right to sonship.

00:46:42.640 --> 00:46:48.460
 I gave him to be rich in heaven with all the inheritance out of the riches of

00:46:48.460 --> 00:46:49.340
 God's grace.

00:46:50.519 --> 00:46:54.220
 And it's because Jesus, who was rich, became poor.

00:46:55.619 --> 00:46:57.840
 So by his poverty, we might become rich.

00:46:58.559 --> 00:47:02.260
 That we can now have a transformed relationship with property.

00:47:03.059 --> 00:47:06.599
 That we can now live with sacrificial generosity toward our neighbors.

00:47:06.599 --> 00:47:09.679
 Let's pray together.

00:47:09.679 --> 00:47:09.699
 Let's pray together.

00:47:20.440 --> 00:47:22.219
 Yes, Father, it is true.

00:47:25.460 --> 00:47:30.880
 There is nothing good that we have that is our own.

00:47:33.000 --> 00:47:35.519
 They have all been gifts from you.

00:47:35.519 --> 00:47:35.619
 Thank you.

00:47:40.780 --> 00:47:46.239
 And the most precious gift you gave us, the gift of your own son.

00:47:50.199 --> 00:47:51.639
 We thank you for him.

00:47:53.420 --> 00:47:58.940
 Thank you for securing our freedom through his life, death, and resurrection.

00:47:58.940 --> 00:48:10.179
 Help us now as Christians to live in a manner that gives evidence of our heavenly inheritance,

00:48:10.940 --> 00:48:12.400
 of our eternal perspective.

00:48:13.579 --> 00:48:18.420
 May the way we safeguard our neighbor's property and love them,

00:48:19.119 --> 00:48:26.460
 and the way we sacrificially give out of what you have given to us and entrusted to us.

00:48:26.460 --> 00:48:28.539
 May it bring glory to your name, Lord.

00:48:29.840 --> 00:48:31.980
 And show the world how precious you are,

00:48:32.440 --> 00:48:35.119
 and how precious is the gift of your only son, Jesus.

00:48:36.980 --> 00:48:38.199
 It's in his name we pray.

00:48:38.720 --> 00:48:39.000
 Amen.