WEBVTT 00:00:00.000 --> 00:00:06.339 You are listening to a message from Southwood Presbyterian Church in Huntsville, Alabama. 00:00:06.799 --> 00:00:09.380 ! Our passion is to experience and express grace. 00:00:09.380 --> 00:00:10.380 ! 00:00:30.000 --> 00:00:45.000 I'll say this, I don't know if you saw, there was a pastor that did like 96 hours in a row. 00:00:45.000 --> 00:00:49.260 He preached for 96 hours, starting in Genesis all the way through Revelation. 00:00:50.400 --> 00:00:54.100 So two hours from now, it won't seem so bad compared to that. 00:00:54.100 --> 00:01:03.880 Let me, we're looking at really the issue of hasn't science disproven God? 00:01:04.500 --> 00:01:07.980 And I want to start with two stories, two real simple stories. 00:01:08.200 --> 00:01:14.020 I was on staff at a church and there was this elementary age girl that like, you know, 00:01:14.219 --> 00:01:19.920 during, you know, showing up on Wednesday for worship on Sunday, if she saw me, she would walk up. 00:01:19.920 --> 00:01:25.140 And only like how elementary age girls can do, she would go to me and she would say, 00:01:25.700 --> 00:01:29.519 Bill Nye, the science guy, and then walk off. 00:01:29.820 --> 00:01:32.540 Like, you know, and all the time. 00:01:34.159 --> 00:01:35.200 Okay, I get it. 00:01:35.240 --> 00:01:38.200 Bill Nash, Bill Nye, that kind of makes sense. 00:01:38.560 --> 00:01:40.180 I am not a science guy. 00:01:40.640 --> 00:01:41.859 Not even close. 00:01:42.520 --> 00:01:43.700 Not even close. 00:01:43.700 --> 00:01:46.100 Second story. 00:01:46.760 --> 00:01:51.120 I moved to Huntsville with my family in the mid-70s, 1975. 00:01:52.299 --> 00:01:56.020 And right away you could tell what was in Huntsville. 00:01:56.180 --> 00:01:57.280 It's NASA, right? 00:01:58.120 --> 00:02:03.300 It was really clear to me, even as a seventh grader at Whitesburg, that, you know, 00:02:03.320 --> 00:02:04.359 there was something going on. 00:02:04.379 --> 00:02:07.020 Because a lot of the kids in my class had parents that were engineers. 00:02:07.379 --> 00:02:10.860 And every school book report was on some aspect of the space shuttle. 00:02:10.860 --> 00:02:19.140 And I remember late 70s, I think it was probably the first time that they brought the space shuttle in 00:02:19.140 --> 00:02:21.900 on the back of that 747 that we used to transport it. 00:02:22.080 --> 00:02:23.760 And they flew it around town. 00:02:24.340 --> 00:02:25.520 It was so cool. 00:02:25.760 --> 00:02:28.300 I was so proud to be living in Huntsville. 00:02:28.360 --> 00:02:30.900 And I'm still proud to live in Huntsville. 00:02:31.320 --> 00:02:36.360 But if you are in Huntsville, there are a lot of PhDs, a lot of PhDs in this room. 00:02:36.700 --> 00:02:39.320 There are a lot of very smart, smart people. 00:02:39.319 --> 00:02:40.879 And it can be intimidating. 00:02:41.060 --> 00:02:43.239 It can be extremely intimidating. 00:02:43.739 --> 00:02:45.639 Because I'm not a science guy. 00:02:46.639 --> 00:02:51.959 And I know maybe some of you feel intimidated to talk about your faith, 00:02:52.039 --> 00:02:55.680 maybe with someone that's very intelligent, PhD, all that. 00:02:56.819 --> 00:02:58.740 I used to feel that way. 00:02:59.599 --> 00:03:00.759 But I found something. 00:03:00.759 --> 00:03:07.780 And it's not so much answers, like being able to answer every question, every objection. 00:03:08.000 --> 00:03:09.239 It's not so much that. 00:03:09.319 --> 00:03:10.419 It's actually a posture. 00:03:11.159 --> 00:03:12.219 It's a posture. 00:03:12.759 --> 00:03:16.079 And it's very ironic that I would say that because I have terrible posture. 00:03:16.080 --> 00:03:24.460 But it's a posture that we take because of who we are in Christ. 00:03:25.300 --> 00:03:29.220 And that posture is something that I want to point out and show you. 00:03:29.700 --> 00:03:31.100 So let's look at Psalm 14. 00:03:31.320 --> 00:03:32.080 This is the... 00:03:32.640 --> 00:03:37.020 Right now, we're going to look at the first three verses. 00:03:37.020 --> 00:03:40.560 Then we'll look at the verse number four. 00:03:40.939 --> 00:03:48.100 And at the very end of the sermon, two hours from now, we will look at the last verses. 00:03:48.740 --> 00:03:50.680 But let's start here. 00:03:51.560 --> 00:03:56.680 Let's start with verse one of Psalm 14. 00:03:56.680 --> 00:04:01.180 The fool says in his heart, there is no God. 00:04:03.180 --> 00:04:04.520 They are corrupt. 00:04:05.340 --> 00:04:06.800 They do abominable deeds. 00:04:07.200 --> 00:04:08.659 There is none who does good. 00:04:09.540 --> 00:04:17.439 The Lord looks down from heaven and on the children of man to see if there are any who understand, who seek after God. 00:04:18.280 --> 00:04:20.960 They have all turned aside together. 00:04:21.480 --> 00:04:22.639 All turned aside. 00:04:22.759 --> 00:04:24.639 Together they have become corrupt. 00:04:24.639 --> 00:04:26.540 There is none who does good. 00:04:26.680 --> 00:04:27.480 Not even one. 00:04:27.560 --> 00:04:28.600 I just want to stop there. 00:04:29.579 --> 00:04:31.280 The word fool, right? 00:04:31.300 --> 00:04:35.519 It seems like the psalmist is just, you know, calling somebody a name. 00:04:35.639 --> 00:04:42.220 But in scripture, in the Bible, a fool is not primarily someone who cannot see the truth. 00:04:42.620 --> 00:04:45.540 But someone who does not want to submit to it. 00:04:46.340 --> 00:04:50.819 Another way of saying that they suffer from destructive self-centeredness. 00:04:50.819 --> 00:04:53.740 And they respond to truth. 00:04:53.740 --> 00:04:54.439 And they respond to truth. 00:04:54.939 --> 00:04:55.899 God's truth. 00:04:56.000 --> 00:04:56.879 Revealed truth. 00:04:57.519 --> 00:05:05.639 They respond to that with an irresponsible gesture of defiance. 00:05:05.639 --> 00:05:09.599 The fool isn't someone that doesn't have the mental capacity to understand. 00:05:09.599 --> 00:05:19.219 The fool is somebody who does understand, sees it, but chooses to follow their own self-destructive heart on the matter. 00:05:19.319 --> 00:05:20.079 Whatever it is. 00:05:20.120 --> 00:05:22.159 Especially when God reveals his word. 00:05:22.160 --> 00:05:24.400 That's what a fool is. 00:05:24.400 --> 00:05:26.760 And that's what's being sort of mentioned here. 00:05:27.380 --> 00:05:31.400 And so I could summarize verses 1 through 3 this way. 00:05:31.880 --> 00:05:33.280 A fool knows the truth. 00:05:33.900 --> 00:05:35.620 In this case, it's the law of God. 00:05:35.680 --> 00:05:38.240 Because it says none do good. 00:05:38.300 --> 00:05:39.500 How do we know what's good? 00:05:39.580 --> 00:05:42.420 It's because God reveals what is good and what is evil. 00:05:42.420 --> 00:05:47.180 And we have to trust what he calls evil is evil and what is good is good. 00:05:47.300 --> 00:05:48.540 But a fool says no. 00:05:48.640 --> 00:05:50.780 I will determine what is good and what is evil. 00:05:51.400 --> 00:05:53.020 And so I am not going to listen. 00:05:53.220 --> 00:05:54.220 I'm going to go my way. 00:05:55.319 --> 00:05:58.160 It's an open disregard of God's word. 00:05:59.120 --> 00:05:59.939 God's truth. 00:06:01.700 --> 00:06:10.400 So in a commentary by Derek Kidner, he sort of ties it together this way. 00:06:10.399 --> 00:06:15.679 He says the last word on atheism, you know, the fool says there is no God. 00:06:15.839 --> 00:06:16.579 That's atheism. 00:06:16.959 --> 00:06:20.139 The last word on atheism is said in Romans 1.22. 00:06:20.879 --> 00:06:24.279 Claiming to be wise, they became fools. 00:06:26.699 --> 00:06:31.639 The judgment of that is vindicated in the sequence of verses 19 through 28. 00:06:32.179 --> 00:06:34.560 What can be known about God is plain to them. 00:06:34.779 --> 00:06:36.359 It's plain. 00:06:36.360 --> 00:06:41.819 But they did not see fit to acknowledge God. 00:06:42.259 --> 00:06:43.120 That is a fool. 00:06:44.699 --> 00:06:46.920 Now, next part, verse 4. 00:06:47.860 --> 00:06:51.540 So we see the fool that says there is no God. 00:06:51.600 --> 00:06:52.600 They want their own way. 00:06:53.020 --> 00:06:54.840 They're going to disregard God's word. 00:06:54.980 --> 00:06:59.080 And now they're going to use people to get what they want. 00:06:59.860 --> 00:07:01.020 Look at verse 4. 00:07:01.019 --> 00:07:04.899 Have they no knowledge? 00:07:05.459 --> 00:07:11.120 All the evildoers who eat up my people as they eat bread and do not call upon the Lord. 00:07:12.500 --> 00:07:13.859 So there you have it. 00:07:13.860 --> 00:07:27.639 If we don't treat people as image bearers and if we don't look after the well-being of other people, and if we're only looking after our well-being, other people can be used to get what we want. 00:07:27.720 --> 00:07:33.879 And one of the ways that you can use people is you turn them into a caricature, meaning that, eh, that's just that. 00:07:33.960 --> 00:07:35.020 That's just them. 00:07:35.080 --> 00:07:36.020 That's how they act. 00:07:36.080 --> 00:07:36.960 That's who they are. 00:07:36.959 --> 00:07:41.719 And I can disregard them and I can use them however I want to get whatever I want. 00:07:42.139 --> 00:07:44.939 You're not looking after the well-being of someone else. 00:07:45.779 --> 00:07:50.339 And so in that regard, then you can just treat people like bread. 00:07:50.699 --> 00:07:53.339 And you can eat them up if you want to and spit them out. 00:07:53.519 --> 00:07:55.579 That's what's ultimately being said there. 00:07:56.659 --> 00:08:01.759 And so where do you begin, though? 00:08:01.759 --> 00:08:10.579 If that's what's going on, and I'm not a science guy, I'm naturally intimidated by those smarter than me, which is pretty much everybody. 00:08:11.379 --> 00:08:16.139 So where to begin to answer the question, hasn't science disproven God? 00:08:16.339 --> 00:08:20.719 So if we read those texts, those four verses, where do you begin? 00:08:21.360 --> 00:08:22.680 You begin with yourself. 00:08:23.019 --> 00:08:24.139 Start with yourself. 00:08:24.500 --> 00:08:26.959 By seeing yourself in those four verses. 00:08:27.159 --> 00:08:29.939 By seeing yourself as the fool. 00:08:30.399 --> 00:08:30.800 Right? 00:08:30.800 --> 00:08:38.299 Because we are practically an atheist when we know what God says is good and what he says is evil. 00:08:38.860 --> 00:08:40.139 And we want our own way. 00:08:40.259 --> 00:08:43.320 And so we're going to do the opposite of what is good. 00:08:43.820 --> 00:08:48.419 We are functionally, practically atheists as well. 00:08:49.180 --> 00:08:50.139 Does that make sense? 00:08:50.200 --> 00:08:50.419 Right? 00:08:50.860 --> 00:08:54.139 So we see ourselves in those first three verses, certainly. 00:08:54.720 --> 00:08:59.700 And then we see ourselves as the evildoer, the fool in verse four. 00:08:59.700 --> 00:09:06.900 Because when we don't look after the, oh, we only look after our own interest, but not the interest of others or the well-being of others. 00:09:07.040 --> 00:09:08.620 We are practically atheists. 00:09:08.620 --> 00:09:13.700 Because God's great command that Jesus said is love God with every ounce of your being. 00:09:14.379 --> 00:09:16.080 And love your neighbor as yourself. 00:09:16.960 --> 00:09:19.540 And so if we don't do that, we're the fool. 00:09:19.539 --> 00:09:20.539 We're fools. 00:09:20.539 --> 00:09:21.539 We're fools. 00:09:21.539 --> 00:09:23.939 And we're practically atheists when we do that. 00:09:24.000 --> 00:09:26.279 Because we're saying, I want my way, not God's. 00:09:27.599 --> 00:09:31.559 Because if we look at the life of Jesus, what did he do? 00:09:32.019 --> 00:09:34.559 He fulfilled the law perfectly. 00:09:35.099 --> 00:09:36.459 He was without sin. 00:09:37.259 --> 00:09:38.659 He fulfilled it perfectly. 00:09:38.879 --> 00:09:41.719 And he looked after the well-being of others. 00:09:41.720 --> 00:09:44.779 He looked after my well-being, which I needed rescue. 00:09:45.060 --> 00:09:46.160 You need rescue. 00:09:46.720 --> 00:09:49.720 He looked after our well-being and went to the cross. 00:09:49.860 --> 00:09:54.180 He lived out the opposite of a fool, completely and perfectly. 00:09:54.680 --> 00:09:55.779 That's our Jesus. 00:09:57.180 --> 00:10:07.379 And so truly, if we believe at all, because we were dead in our sins, as Alan said in his prayer, we were dead in our sins. 00:10:07.379 --> 00:10:08.460 And God made us alive. 00:10:08.519 --> 00:10:09.439 We were fools. 00:10:09.980 --> 00:10:12.840 And God gave us new hearts and made us alive. 00:10:12.939 --> 00:10:17.460 It's purely a gift that we even call upon the name of the Lord. 00:10:17.519 --> 00:10:19.379 It's a gift completely. 00:10:20.240 --> 00:10:23.580 And so you start there with your own heart. 00:10:23.840 --> 00:10:25.179 Because you can relate. 00:10:26.139 --> 00:10:35.879 Because if God rescued you, gave you a new heart, because you were a fool, lost, and never wanting anything to do with God, 00:10:35.879 --> 00:10:39.200 he called you out of that by giving you a new heart. 00:10:39.439 --> 00:10:41.939 If that's true, then there's hope for everyone. 00:10:42.700 --> 00:10:51.740 The truth that we are as much an atheist when we disobey God's law, don't follow it, it humbles us. 00:10:52.019 --> 00:10:58.559 But because we know God gave us a new heart and there was hope for us and we were lost, then we know there's hope for everyone. 00:10:58.939 --> 00:11:01.840 And so in that regard, where do you begin? 00:11:02.659 --> 00:11:04.460 You begin with your own heart. 00:11:04.460 --> 00:11:12.980 But confess that you are often a fool and surrender in a posture of bold humility. 00:11:13.360 --> 00:11:14.840 That's the starting point. 00:11:15.580 --> 00:11:17.060 That is the starting point. 00:11:18.400 --> 00:11:19.980 So now what is belief? 00:11:20.639 --> 00:11:23.620 Or rather, how does anyone come to believe something? 00:11:24.200 --> 00:11:26.379 Now I'm going to give you a big grand footnote here. 00:11:26.800 --> 00:11:28.420 I'm going to tell you who I've been stealing from. 00:11:28.419 --> 00:11:33.539 Stephen C. Mayer, he wrote the book The God Hypothesis. 00:11:33.759 --> 00:11:36.879 He has a documentary out that I think everyone in this room should see. 00:11:36.979 --> 00:11:37.740 It is fantastic. 00:11:38.379 --> 00:11:39.939 It's spectacular. 00:11:40.579 --> 00:11:42.219 It's called The Story of Everything. 00:11:42.220 --> 00:11:49.820 All about what I'm about to say comes from that, except when I'm quoting Tim Keller, which is he's all over this too. 00:11:50.180 --> 00:12:03.920 Because he did an amazing job, Tim Keller, synthesizing some of the things that we'll be pointing to that indicate there is a God that created all of this. 00:12:03.919 --> 00:12:05.899 Okay, so there's my footnote. 00:12:06.860 --> 00:12:07.339 You all ready? 00:12:07.539 --> 00:12:09.360 We're going to start talking about science stuff. 00:12:11.259 --> 00:12:17.379 For the past 2,500 years, there's been two stories, two predominant stories in our culture. 00:12:17.919 --> 00:12:22.919 One story that has moved along through the years is that this is all there is. 00:12:22.979 --> 00:12:28.259 It's a materialistic view of all that is, all the energy and all the matter that exists. 00:12:28.259 --> 00:12:33.939 And all that energy and matter has just sort of fell in place. 00:12:34.039 --> 00:12:36.840 We were just this lucky, lucky, lucky universe. 00:12:37.539 --> 00:12:39.519 Everything just sort of fell into place. 00:12:39.960 --> 00:12:42.100 It went from simple to complex. 00:12:42.659 --> 00:12:46.419 And that's the materialist view, essentially. 00:12:47.279 --> 00:12:53.659 And that's been a prevailing thought for, you know, many, you know, 2,500 years. 00:12:54.120 --> 00:12:54.779 That story. 00:12:55.080 --> 00:12:57.840 It's a story of the nature of reality. 00:12:58.259 --> 00:13:02.860 The other story is that there was a creator, a mind behind everything. 00:13:03.319 --> 00:13:05.460 The first story is that there was mindlessness. 00:13:05.700 --> 00:13:08.879 There was nothing behind what is and what we see and what we touch. 00:13:08.980 --> 00:13:09.299 Nothing. 00:13:09.700 --> 00:13:10.379 It just happened. 00:13:11.360 --> 00:13:11.679 Okay? 00:13:12.240 --> 00:13:14.700 The other story is there's a mind behind it all. 00:13:14.720 --> 00:13:18.319 There's an intelligence behind everything that's created that's out there. 00:13:19.720 --> 00:13:26.000 That there was a mind that conceived and executed and planned and created. 00:13:26.000 --> 00:13:42.179 And one of the major prevailing thoughts in our world is that of those two stories, only the one materialist side is true science. 00:13:42.539 --> 00:13:45.080 Science only happens in that story. 00:13:45.080 --> 00:13:47.180 That's the prevailing thought. 00:13:47.180 --> 00:13:50.620 It's the social imaginaries, Charles Taylor would say. 00:13:50.820 --> 00:13:54.500 It's kind of the accepted idea that science is just there. 00:13:54.840 --> 00:14:00.600 Because when you start asking about an intelligent designer or a god, you're out of the realm of science. 00:14:01.259 --> 00:14:02.520 And I don't believe that. 00:14:02.940 --> 00:14:03.840 I'm going to show you why. 00:14:03.840 --> 00:14:09.740 But that prevailing thought is so overwhelming. 00:14:11.620 --> 00:14:22.700 The sort of the naturalist, materialistic science mascot of the world right now is a very brilliant man named Neil deGrasse Tyson. 00:14:23.580 --> 00:14:24.440 And he says this. 00:14:24.480 --> 00:14:32.180 He says, because this idea that science cannot determine at all, nothing, of whether there's an intelligent designer or even a god. 00:14:32.179 --> 00:14:33.659 He says this. 00:14:33.759 --> 00:14:39.579 I have no problem if as we probe the origins of things that we bump into the bearded man. 00:14:39.699 --> 00:14:41.259 That's how he refers to God. 00:14:41.319 --> 00:14:42.019 The bearded man. 00:14:43.739 --> 00:14:46.219 If that shows up, we're good to go. 00:14:46.399 --> 00:14:46.679 Okay? 00:14:46.759 --> 00:14:47.359 No problem. 00:14:47.859 --> 00:14:48.599 And this is what he said. 00:14:48.659 --> 00:14:49.639 There's just no evidence. 00:14:50.279 --> 00:14:51.879 There's just no evidence is what he says. 00:14:51.879 --> 00:14:59.980 So you see, really, the idea is that science only happens on that story. 00:15:00.840 --> 00:15:02.340 Now, I think this is helpful. 00:15:02.840 --> 00:15:06.399 Sir Isaac Newton would not have referred to himself as a scientist. 00:15:06.399 --> 00:15:10.559 And primarily because that word wasn't coined until a couple hundred years after him. 00:15:10.559 --> 00:15:18.079 But in the late 1600s, early 1700s, he would have thought of himself as a natural philosopher. 00:15:18.739 --> 00:15:30.459 And in fact, the four pillars of like education at the highest levels have always been philosophy, theology, law, and medicine. 00:15:31.079 --> 00:15:35.359 When we lived in Atlanta, there was just a great pizza place across from Emory University. 00:15:36.019 --> 00:15:38.239 That's not there anymore, which makes me so sad. 00:15:38.240 --> 00:15:50.960 But in that pizza place, there were two paintings, two almost like life-size, six feet tall or so, of those represented those four pillars of education. 00:15:51.799 --> 00:15:55.440 Philosophy, theology, law, and medicine. 00:15:56.940 --> 00:16:03.539 And in that classical study, science would be under the philosophy heading. 00:16:04.139 --> 00:16:05.259 And so would art. 00:16:05.259 --> 00:16:12.759 And so for many centuries, there was just no idea that they weren't integrated somehow. 00:16:14.000 --> 00:16:18.000 And now in our world, it's like, no, science is over here. 00:16:18.480 --> 00:16:23.259 You really, the whole theology thing is separate. 00:16:23.740 --> 00:16:24.860 Like, absolutely separate. 00:16:26.639 --> 00:16:27.240 All right. 00:16:27.279 --> 00:16:28.759 So how can we know anything? 00:16:29.019 --> 00:16:30.080 That's a little bit of background. 00:16:30.080 --> 00:16:33.220 But we have to ask the question, how can we know anything? 00:16:34.600 --> 00:16:37.400 Well, there are three aspects of knowing something. 00:16:37.759 --> 00:16:38.639 You have to have truth. 00:16:39.440 --> 00:16:41.759 You have to see its relevance for your life. 00:16:42.280 --> 00:16:43.200 See how it's relevant. 00:16:43.200 --> 00:16:52.100 And then usually the experience as it's played out, you know, out in a practical way among people. 00:16:52.780 --> 00:16:55.400 I mean, you could say the science thing is you look at truth. 00:16:56.200 --> 00:16:59.379 Does it match up to how you're thinking about it? 00:16:59.900 --> 00:17:02.960 And are there a bunch of other scientists that think the same way? 00:17:03.080 --> 00:17:05.059 And that's one possible application of that. 00:17:05.059 --> 00:17:10.819 But with all that in mind, let's go back to those two great competing stories. 00:17:11.139 --> 00:17:12.519 Does everybody follow me so far? 00:17:12.859 --> 00:17:14.159 Trying to keep everybody awake, okay? 00:17:14.419 --> 00:17:14.980 Let's go. 00:17:15.480 --> 00:17:16.559 Let's keep it happening. 00:17:18.000 --> 00:17:21.000 So those stories are marching along. 00:17:22.159 --> 00:17:29.000 And going into the 20th century, all the momentum was for one of the stories, the materialist story. 00:17:29.000 --> 00:17:40.880 Because you have Darwin doing his thing, and it seems like this world has always been, and it seems like it goes from, you know, tiny, simple cells to very, you know, organized cells. 00:17:41.079 --> 00:17:43.880 And things just grow and evolve, and it's been here a long time. 00:17:44.059 --> 00:17:48.740 And that was the momentum going into the 20th century. 00:17:49.559 --> 00:17:57.599 And what happened with the discoveries in the 20th century, actually the last 126 years, they were unexpected discoveries. 00:17:57.599 --> 00:17:59.759 These were things that were not expected. 00:18:00.599 --> 00:18:04.819 The narrative of that story, that there's all that there is, is just that it is. 00:18:04.819 --> 00:18:05.539 It's not created. 00:18:05.719 --> 00:18:07.059 It didn't have a mind behind it. 00:18:07.439 --> 00:18:13.819 The momentum there was, everything that came out really pushes against it. 00:18:14.619 --> 00:18:15.579 They were unexpected. 00:18:15.779 --> 00:18:19.279 This is Stephen Mayer, a philosophy of science. 00:18:20.019 --> 00:18:23.559 He wrote the God hypothesis in the movie I mentioned, The Story of Everything. 00:18:23.679 --> 00:18:24.359 This is the quote. 00:18:24.359 --> 00:18:31.099 He said, no one expected that the physical universe of matter, space, time, and energy would have a definite beginning. 00:18:31.859 --> 00:18:39.299 Going into the 20th century, people were moving away from the myth of what's in Scripture, the myth in quotes. 00:18:40.159 --> 00:18:45.859 And there was no expectation that they would discover anything that really said this had a beginning. 00:18:45.859 --> 00:18:53.859 And then no one expected that the universe would be finely tuned against all odds to make life possible. 00:18:54.799 --> 00:19:11.399 Richard Dawkins himself, a famous sort of, you know, popular atheist, has confessed to being knocked sideways with the wonder at the miniaturized intricacies of the data processing machinery inside the cell. 00:19:11.400 --> 00:19:16.100 Those, we are not living in a vast, meaningless universe. 00:19:16.460 --> 00:19:26.620 From the forces holding the cosmos together to the instructions in the DNA in our own bodies, we see evidence that everything was intended for a purpose. 00:19:26.860 --> 00:19:30.540 That the story of everything is not blind, pitiless, indifference. 00:19:30.960 --> 00:19:34.540 But the unfolding of a design that all of us are part of. 00:19:34.759 --> 00:19:35.960 And this is the great line. 00:19:36.060 --> 00:19:37.580 This is at the very end of this documentary. 00:19:37.579 --> 00:19:43.199 And surprisingly, perhaps it is science that has revealed this. 00:19:44.500 --> 00:19:53.339 The contention of Stephen Mayer is that science is, made these discoveries, science is revealing a designer. 00:19:53.939 --> 00:19:54.960 That's incredible. 00:19:55.799 --> 00:19:56.899 Incredible thought. 00:19:57.879 --> 00:20:03.519 Now, we're going to look at those three things that he mentioned and I break it out this way. 00:20:03.519 --> 00:20:09.460 We're going to say, we're going to, these unexpected discoveries, and it's great to maybe think of them as clues. 00:20:11.160 --> 00:20:12.279 We're going to look at a beginning. 00:20:13.119 --> 00:20:15.440 And maybe the word I would have you remember is red light. 00:20:16.039 --> 00:20:18.000 We're going to look at a Goldilocks universe. 00:20:18.500 --> 00:20:21.220 And the word I would like for you to remember for that part is entropy. 00:20:21.960 --> 00:20:23.259 And then we're going to see a designer. 00:20:23.759 --> 00:20:26.160 And the word that might help you remember would be code. 00:20:26.720 --> 00:20:28.240 So let's start with the first thing. 00:20:28.779 --> 00:20:30.680 Let's start with a beginning. 00:20:30.680 --> 00:20:34.180 So Einstein, right? 00:20:34.220 --> 00:20:36.100 We all know who Einstein is, right? 00:20:36.900 --> 00:20:39.080 Albert Einstein, brilliant man. 00:20:40.320 --> 00:20:46.380 His general relativity theory and his books, early part of the 20th century. 00:20:48.380 --> 00:20:54.019 He began to look at the universe. 00:20:55.060 --> 00:20:56.680 And especially with gravity. 00:20:56.680 --> 00:21:08.560 And one thing I've learned is to sort of maybe think about it like a trampoline that in the backyard, if you put bowling balls on a trampoline and the canvas is time and space. 00:21:08.980 --> 00:21:18.360 And if the bowling balls represent, you know, large planets, stars that have a gravitational pull, you stick them on the trampoline, it bends time and space. 00:21:18.960 --> 00:21:19.240 All right? 00:21:19.240 --> 00:21:25.220 So he was looking at the universe and he said, man, gravity is this incredible force that's out there. 00:21:25.839 --> 00:21:29.599 And it seems my equations are adding up to a beginning. 00:21:30.460 --> 00:21:31.660 He didn't like that. 00:21:31.880 --> 00:21:34.940 He came from that story that said, no, everything is all that is. 00:21:35.160 --> 00:21:39.900 And, you know, he just didn't like this idea that his equations was pointing to a start. 00:21:39.900 --> 00:21:44.040 So he threw in a fudge factor, which sounds exactly like what I did in math. 00:21:44.120 --> 00:21:46.180 I would just throw in a fudge factor, you know. 00:21:46.280 --> 00:21:47.259 Show your work, Bill. 00:21:47.540 --> 00:21:48.040 You know. 00:21:48.780 --> 00:21:50.660 Okay, here, I need a zero right there. 00:21:50.700 --> 00:21:51.860 That will make it come to the answer. 00:21:52.440 --> 00:21:53.759 But he sort of did that. 00:21:54.140 --> 00:21:56.060 He called it a cosmological constant. 00:21:56.059 --> 00:22:01.879 Because he knew that if all out there was just gravity, then that gravity would start pulling on each other. 00:22:01.960 --> 00:22:05.519 And the biggest ball of gravity would start sucking all the other things in there. 00:22:05.700 --> 00:22:08.460 And it would be an absolute mess in creation. 00:22:09.179 --> 00:22:10.000 Absolute mess. 00:22:10.079 --> 00:22:16.819 And so he had said, there must be some other force out there that gives it its static where it just stays where it is. 00:22:17.579 --> 00:22:19.839 And so he threw in that fudge factor. 00:22:19.839 --> 00:22:29.859 So across town, across the world, there was an astronomer that was looking at the stars, a guy named Vestos Slipher. 00:22:30.480 --> 00:22:32.799 I wouldn't get any of these names on a test, by the way. 00:22:34.019 --> 00:22:35.339 I wouldn't remember that. 00:22:35.699 --> 00:22:37.019 But I do remember this. 00:22:37.259 --> 00:22:40.259 As he's looking, this is the early, you know, 20th century. 00:22:40.899 --> 00:22:44.419 The telescopes, not as good as they would be and keep getting better. 00:22:44.639 --> 00:22:46.379 But he was looking up at, like, nebula. 00:22:46.380 --> 00:22:49.660 And later on, they realized these were galaxies. 00:22:50.060 --> 00:22:54.500 But they had, they were emitting, I guess, what's called the red shift. 00:22:55.220 --> 00:22:59.860 And if you take a light and you shine it through a prism, it breaks up the light into colors. 00:23:00.200 --> 00:23:02.220 And this is one thing I do remember from physics. 00:23:02.880 --> 00:23:03.800 Roy G. Biv. 00:23:03.940 --> 00:23:05.040 We all know what that is, right? 00:23:05.320 --> 00:23:08.340 Red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo, and violet. 00:23:08.339 --> 00:23:17.659 But it turns out the red, which is like electromagnetic, on the electromagnetic spectrum, is the longest wavelength. 00:23:18.379 --> 00:23:26.959 So that means that this Slipher dude, when he was looking up at the astronomer, everything was moving away because it was emitting that light, that red light. 00:23:27.319 --> 00:23:29.679 And so he's going, hey, everything's moving away. 00:23:29.680 --> 00:23:33.840 And Einstein, I don't know if he was aware of it, but just ignoring that. 00:23:34.120 --> 00:23:40.220 But he gets in, in 1927, Einstein gets in a cab, or maybe it's the other way around. 00:23:40.279 --> 00:23:45.460 This guy named George LaMatra, a Roman Catholic priest, Belgian priest, that was a scientist. 00:23:45.820 --> 00:23:49.360 He gets in a cab with Einstein, which sounds like the start of a joke, right? 00:23:49.940 --> 00:23:51.820 A Belgian priest gets in the car with Einstein. 00:23:51.819 --> 00:23:51.939 Einstein. 00:23:52.639 --> 00:23:57.679 But he's there, and this priest, scientist, he speaks up, and he goes, hey, hey, Einstein. 00:24:00.639 --> 00:24:06.879 He goes, I've done your equations, and they add up to a beginning. 00:24:07.679 --> 00:24:09.639 And he said, you know what helps me accept that? 00:24:10.039 --> 00:24:15.099 He said, they are discovering that these galaxies are moving away. 00:24:15.339 --> 00:24:16.819 They're emitting that red shift. 00:24:17.460 --> 00:24:19.359 And Einstein shut them down and said, beat it. 00:24:19.359 --> 00:24:21.319 You know, I'm Einstein, you're not. 00:24:22.679 --> 00:24:24.659 He dismissed it. 00:24:25.039 --> 00:24:27.799 Four years later, he gets invited to go out to California. 00:24:27.960 --> 00:24:34.399 Hubble, Dr. Hubble, he invites them out, and he goes, I want you to, you know, come take a look at what we're seeing. 00:24:34.639 --> 00:24:39.819 Because they had better telescopes, and they were charting every galaxy they could see. 00:24:40.359 --> 00:24:44.259 And all of them were emitting the red shift, the red light. 00:24:44.879 --> 00:24:46.019 Everything's moving out. 00:24:46.019 --> 00:24:49.539 So Einstein looks through there, and he admits. 00:24:50.039 --> 00:25:00.779 He said, he acknowledged that his fine-tuning of the cosmological constant, that fudge factor he had to stick into his equations, was the greatest blunder of his scientific career. 00:25:00.779 --> 00:25:05.180 So our universe had a beginning. 00:25:05.180 --> 00:25:06.399 Everything's moving out. 00:25:06.759 --> 00:25:07.539 Now the next thing. 00:25:08.460 --> 00:25:16.240 It turns out that we live in a Goldilocks universe, that everything is just right. 00:25:16.240 --> 00:25:17.660 Not too hot. 00:25:17.740 --> 00:25:18.420 Not too cold. 00:25:19.200 --> 00:25:19.839 Not too big. 00:25:19.900 --> 00:25:20.299 Not too little. 00:25:20.460 --> 00:25:23.400 Everything is just right for life. 00:25:24.500 --> 00:25:25.359 For life. 00:25:25.779 --> 00:25:33.980 And even Fred Hoyle, who, a famous scientist, pressed this idea of a steady state, that no, it's everything static and fixed. 00:25:33.980 --> 00:25:38.259 He had to change his mind when he started to look at the carbon. 00:25:38.400 --> 00:25:39.579 There's this thing that he did with carbon. 00:25:39.700 --> 00:25:40.660 We don't want to talk about that. 00:25:41.220 --> 00:25:44.500 But he has this famous quote, and it goes this way. 00:25:44.579 --> 00:25:54.680 He said, a common sense interpretation of the evidence suggests that a super intellect has monkeyed with physics and chemistry to make life possible. 00:25:55.500 --> 00:25:57.599 Now he went from being an atheist to agnostic. 00:25:57.720 --> 00:25:59.940 He just goes, it's just, boy, it just seems this way. 00:26:00.400 --> 00:26:01.599 Somebody monkeyed with it. 00:26:01.599 --> 00:26:07.359 But we do see fine-tuning in our universe. 00:26:08.659 --> 00:26:15.159 But even more interesting, at least for me, and I want to hopefully make it interesting for you, is this idea of entropy. 00:26:16.759 --> 00:26:19.599 The idea of entropy is that things are disintegrating. 00:26:20.299 --> 00:26:25.019 Things are going from order to disorder in our universe, and we can see that. 00:26:25.359 --> 00:26:31.379 But it's amazing to think, like right now we're looking at a universe, and it's perfectly fine-tuned for life. 00:26:31.599 --> 00:26:40.519 And if you reverse everything and you start heading back that way, the law of entropy says things are going to get more and more ordered as you go further and further and further back. 00:26:40.519 --> 00:26:44.579 That means, and it's so interesting, and Jay Richard says this. 00:26:44.660 --> 00:26:52.039 He said, but there's another type of fine-tuning, and that's the fine-tuning of the initial arrangement of matter at the very beginning of the universe. 00:26:52.740 --> 00:26:53.139 Right? 00:26:53.200 --> 00:26:55.220 You take all the matter, you go back to the universe. 00:26:55.220 --> 00:27:04.559 And if you thought the idea of a big bang was one of order emerging from chaos, he said, get that out of your mind. 00:27:04.640 --> 00:27:06.019 It's exactly the opposite. 00:27:06.600 --> 00:27:10.720 What we have is the initial moment of exquisite precision and order. 00:27:12.160 --> 00:27:14.440 At the point of creation, precision. 00:27:15.960 --> 00:27:17.700 That's like a concept, right? 00:27:17.819 --> 00:27:18.460 It can be measured. 00:27:18.460 --> 00:27:20.340 But, like, how do you get precision? 00:27:20.799 --> 00:27:22.240 That comes from a mind. 00:27:22.700 --> 00:27:24.019 That comes from an intelligence. 00:27:25.340 --> 00:27:30.900 That points, even again, to a creator. 00:27:30.900 --> 00:27:34.620 And then the third thing, a designer, a code. 00:27:36.460 --> 00:27:38.259 We, you know, I love, I'm proud of Huntsville. 00:27:38.340 --> 00:27:39.740 Now we've got Hudson Alpha, right? 00:27:39.800 --> 00:27:40.400 The genome. 00:27:40.800 --> 00:27:42.540 All this cool stuff that's going on there. 00:27:43.100 --> 00:27:52.640 You go back to Crick and Hudson, who, you know, sort of formulated and expressed how the DNA molecule, how that is ordered. 00:27:53.380 --> 00:27:54.580 And how it's structured. 00:27:55.060 --> 00:27:56.120 The double helix. 00:27:56.540 --> 00:27:59.180 But even more important, they got the Nobel Prize for that. 00:27:59.180 --> 00:28:07.880 But Crick, one of the two dudes that discovered all that, he was a World War II code breaker. 00:28:08.680 --> 00:28:14.519 And so he's looking at the DNA molecule and he is seeing these chemical subunits. 00:28:14.960 --> 00:28:18.380 They're functioning like alphabetical characters in a written text. 00:28:19.080 --> 00:28:24.080 And so he's seeing this and he's able to decode and see how things are in order. 00:28:24.180 --> 00:28:26.620 And if you do it this way and not that way. 00:28:26.619 --> 00:28:33.179 He was pointing to a genetic code that is currently being looked at now. 00:28:35.359 --> 00:28:39.559 But you can have alphabets in a range. 00:28:39.639 --> 00:28:42.679 Like if you had monkeys typing away on a typewriter. 00:28:42.680 --> 00:28:45.840 What they type out is improbable. 00:28:45.960 --> 00:28:48.220 Because you couldn't have predicted whatever they type out. 00:28:48.259 --> 00:28:49.019 But it's gibberish. 00:28:49.620 --> 00:28:53.039 But when you have something that's typed out and it has a function. 00:28:54.360 --> 00:28:56.000 And if it has a function. 00:28:57.400 --> 00:29:01.299 Then that indicates a mind. 00:29:01.380 --> 00:29:04.940 The arrangement of characters in a specific to perform a function. 00:29:04.940 --> 00:29:08.480 In fact, whenever we see information like that. 00:29:08.779 --> 00:29:10.080 We see information. 00:29:10.220 --> 00:29:11.799 We trace it back to a source. 00:29:12.779 --> 00:29:15.039 Information always goes back to a source. 00:29:16.120 --> 00:29:19.320 Whether we're looking at software code or hieroglyphics. 00:29:19.779 --> 00:29:21.500 A paragraph in a book. 00:29:22.220 --> 00:29:25.519 If we trace the information back to its ultimate source. 00:29:25.640 --> 00:29:27.140 We always come to a mind. 00:29:27.299 --> 00:29:29.200 Not a material process. 00:29:29.200 --> 00:29:33.539 Because the discoveries in science in the 20th century. 00:29:33.620 --> 00:29:35.120 The last 126 years. 00:29:35.279 --> 00:29:41.100 Are all pushing towards a designer behind all of this. 00:29:42.420 --> 00:29:42.680 Okay. 00:29:44.039 --> 00:29:45.000 Deep breath. 00:29:45.600 --> 00:29:46.480 Where are we on time? 00:29:46.600 --> 00:29:46.819 Okay. 00:29:47.039 --> 00:29:47.840 So far so good. 00:29:49.259 --> 00:29:51.740 Let's go back to the three aspects of knowledge. 00:29:51.740 --> 00:29:58.680 All the scientists for the past 126 years. 00:29:59.180 --> 00:30:02.259 Have access to that information. 00:30:02.980 --> 00:30:03.799 It's out there. 00:30:04.099 --> 00:30:04.680 These theories. 00:30:04.859 --> 00:30:05.960 Everything is out there. 00:30:07.019 --> 00:30:08.000 It's peer reviewed. 00:30:08.259 --> 00:30:08.839 It's all this. 00:30:09.039 --> 00:30:09.880 You know, it's out there. 00:30:10.859 --> 00:30:12.380 The question really is. 00:30:12.819 --> 00:30:14.680 With these unexpected discoveries. 00:30:15.940 --> 00:30:17.620 What do you do with it? 00:30:18.039 --> 00:30:18.880 What do you do with it? 00:30:20.160 --> 00:30:21.099 Richard Dawkins. 00:30:21.099 --> 00:30:25.539 He's famous for being part of what I refer to as the boy band. 00:30:25.599 --> 00:30:26.480 The New Atheists. 00:30:28.319 --> 00:30:29.879 In the early 2000s. 00:30:29.980 --> 00:30:32.019 He had a book called The Blind Watchmaker. 00:30:32.019 --> 00:30:36.899 This is how he dealt with those unexpected discoveries. 00:30:37.539 --> 00:30:37.799 He said, 00:30:37.879 --> 00:30:42.839 Biology is the study of complicated things that give the appearance of having been designed for a purpose. 00:30:43.419 --> 00:30:44.339 Just the appearance. 00:30:45.079 --> 00:30:45.719 He also said, 00:30:45.799 --> 00:30:47.139 Far from pointing to a designer. 00:30:47.140 --> 00:30:52.620 The illusion of design in the living world is explained by Darwinian natural selection. 00:30:53.259 --> 00:30:54.100 So here's the deal. 00:30:54.160 --> 00:30:55.440 They come to a fork in the road. 00:30:56.140 --> 00:30:57.340 Two stories. 00:30:58.060 --> 00:30:59.600 They come to that fork in the road. 00:31:00.280 --> 00:31:01.480 One group of scientists. 00:31:01.620 --> 00:31:01.880 And they say, 00:31:01.960 --> 00:31:02.540 If you're a scientist, 00:31:02.640 --> 00:31:03.700 You'll probably go, 00:31:04.020 --> 00:31:04.340 I don't know, 00:31:04.360 --> 00:31:05.020 To the right. 00:31:05.759 --> 00:31:06.500 My left. 00:31:06.500 --> 00:31:10.200 But then there's the story that says, 00:31:10.259 --> 00:31:11.660 This has all been done by a creator. 00:31:11.759 --> 00:31:13.619 There's the intellectual mind behind all of this. 00:31:13.660 --> 00:31:14.359 And they go to the right. 00:31:14.440 --> 00:31:15.180 How is that? 00:31:18.019 --> 00:31:18.359 You know, 00:31:18.400 --> 00:31:19.200 What do we do with that? 00:31:19.259 --> 00:31:21.539 Is one science and the other one not? 00:31:21.539 --> 00:31:23.299 Well, 00:31:23.339 --> 00:31:24.440 There's this great illustration. 00:31:25.200 --> 00:31:26.539 Let's see if I can do it justice. 00:31:26.859 --> 00:31:27.960 It's done by Luke Barnes. 00:31:28.119 --> 00:31:30.019 He's a PhD astrophysicist. 00:31:30.220 --> 00:31:31.180 And this is how he said it. 00:31:31.200 --> 00:31:31.539 He said, 00:31:32.079 --> 00:31:33.339 Imagine you were a detective. 00:31:34.220 --> 00:31:34.539 Okay. 00:31:34.659 --> 00:31:36.259 And you get called down to this bank. 00:31:36.480 --> 00:31:37.639 It's just been robbed. 00:31:38.099 --> 00:31:40.339 And they've got the security video. 00:31:40.579 --> 00:31:43.099 And you sit there and you watch the security video. 00:31:43.359 --> 00:31:45.180 And you see the bank robbers come in. 00:31:45.420 --> 00:31:46.659 They go up to the safe. 00:31:47.000 --> 00:31:48.500 And on the right is this, 00:31:48.579 --> 00:31:49.000 You know, 00:31:49.039 --> 00:31:50.000 Security code. 00:31:50.000 --> 00:31:51.940 And they walk straight up to it. 00:31:52.240 --> 00:31:53.400 Punch in an eight-digit number. 00:31:53.519 --> 00:31:54.000 And boom. 00:31:54.200 --> 00:31:55.160 The safe opens. 00:31:56.839 --> 00:31:58.480 You have two things you can think. 00:31:58.980 --> 00:31:59.259 Either, 00:31:59.420 --> 00:31:59.660 Man, 00:31:59.720 --> 00:32:00.359 That was lucky. 00:32:00.700 --> 00:32:01.279 Those guys, 00:32:01.339 --> 00:32:02.339 They just walked up and said, 00:32:02.759 --> 00:32:05.259 I'm just going to think of the first eight-digit number. 00:32:05.339 --> 00:32:06.279 And I'm just going to punch it in. 00:32:06.720 --> 00:32:07.519 And it worked. 00:32:07.579 --> 00:32:08.400 That's one theory. 00:32:08.559 --> 00:32:09.599 The other theory is, 00:32:10.119 --> 00:32:11.319 It was an inside job. 00:32:11.900 --> 00:32:13.099 Somebody told them the code. 00:32:13.539 --> 00:32:15.000 And they went in and punched it in. 00:32:15.660 --> 00:32:16.000 Now, 00:32:16.099 --> 00:32:16.700 Here's the deal. 00:32:17.119 --> 00:32:17.640 He said, 00:32:17.779 --> 00:32:18.920 In his analogy, 00:32:18.920 --> 00:32:19.400 He said, 00:32:19.400 --> 00:32:20.160 Now, 00:32:20.519 --> 00:32:21.400 What happens? 00:32:21.480 --> 00:32:22.280 And what are you thinking? 00:32:22.380 --> 00:32:23.440 What are your expectations? 00:32:23.600 --> 00:32:28.280 If you're the part of the first theory that it was just dumb luck that they did this, 00:32:28.720 --> 00:32:30.580 Right before they punch in the code, 00:32:30.640 --> 00:32:31.920 If you pause the video, 00:32:33.200 --> 00:32:33.460 You would, 00:32:33.560 --> 00:32:34.660 The question is, 00:32:35.140 --> 00:32:36.140 What would you, 00:32:36.340 --> 00:32:36.840 Would you, 00:32:37.280 --> 00:32:42.140 What would be your expectation of them putting in the right code the first time? 00:32:42.780 --> 00:32:44.660 Your expectation would be, 00:32:45.060 --> 00:32:45.759 No way. 00:32:45.759 --> 00:32:47.019 Your expectation. 00:32:47.019 --> 00:32:51.019 The highest degree of certainty that you could say is, 00:32:51.700 --> 00:32:52.059 There is, 00:32:52.180 --> 00:32:54.900 There are millions of combinations. 00:32:55.440 --> 00:32:57.379 The fact that they would be lucky for that first one, 00:32:57.480 --> 00:32:59.039 Your expectation is, 00:32:59.139 --> 00:32:59.299 No, 00:32:59.440 --> 00:33:00.759 They'll punch in the wrong code. 00:33:01.099 --> 00:33:02.119 That's your expectation. 00:33:02.960 --> 00:33:04.059 And if that's that theory, 00:33:04.180 --> 00:33:05.200 It's just been dumb luck, 00:33:06.039 --> 00:33:06.259 Hmm, 00:33:06.500 --> 00:33:07.220 That's a toughie. 00:33:07.619 --> 00:33:10.160 But if you knew there was an inside job, 00:33:10.720 --> 00:33:14.259 What would you be your expectation as the finger is hovering over the code? 00:33:14.259 --> 00:33:15.839 Your expectation would be, 00:33:15.920 --> 00:33:16.879 They would punch it in perfect, 00:33:17.200 --> 00:33:18.079 And they would open it up, 00:33:18.099 --> 00:33:18.599 And it would be done. 00:33:20.319 --> 00:33:20.680 So, 00:33:20.799 --> 00:33:22.259 All that to say this, 00:33:22.779 --> 00:33:23.079 Right? 00:33:23.160 --> 00:33:24.900 We got two people come to the fork in the road, 00:33:25.000 --> 00:33:25.440 One says, 00:33:25.640 --> 00:33:26.700 This is all science, 00:33:26.759 --> 00:33:27.180 This other one, 00:33:27.259 --> 00:33:27.720 You guys are, 00:33:28.259 --> 00:33:29.339 The God thing, 00:33:29.420 --> 00:33:30.000 That's crazy. 00:33:31.759 --> 00:33:32.099 All right, 00:33:32.140 --> 00:33:32.440 Again, 00:33:32.519 --> 00:33:33.700 Maybe a little lengthy quote here, 00:33:33.700 --> 00:33:34.580 But it's possible, 00:33:34.799 --> 00:33:35.779 This is from Stephen Mayer, 00:33:35.860 --> 00:33:37.900 It's possible by random means, 00:33:38.500 --> 00:33:39.720 That some process, 00:33:40.160 --> 00:33:44.400 Would have stumbled on exactly the parameters needed to create a life-friendly universe. 00:33:44.740 --> 00:33:44.940 Right? 00:33:45.200 --> 00:33:48.200 That's what the materialists are hoping for when they go, 00:33:48.299 --> 00:33:48.480 Well, 00:33:48.600 --> 00:33:49.680 It's just dumb luck. 00:33:50.039 --> 00:33:50.880 We're going that way. 00:33:52.380 --> 00:33:52.620 He said, 00:33:52.740 --> 00:33:52.980 But, 00:33:53.059 --> 00:33:54.680 Our overwhelming expectation, 00:33:55.620 --> 00:33:57.519 If we consider the odds, 00:33:57.900 --> 00:33:59.299 Is that without guidance, 00:33:59.460 --> 00:34:01.900 We would get a life-unfriendly universe. 00:34:02.860 --> 00:34:03.340 Right? 00:34:03.339 --> 00:34:04.559 That's the expectation. 00:34:05.240 --> 00:34:07.079 If you just know it's all random, 00:34:07.319 --> 00:34:08.420 And there's nothing behind this, 00:34:08.460 --> 00:34:09.159 There's no intelligence, 00:34:10.480 --> 00:34:11.400 The expectation is, 00:34:11.480 --> 00:34:13.099 This would be an unfriendly universe. 00:34:14.340 --> 00:34:14.819 But, 00:34:14.880 --> 00:34:16.519 That's not the kind of universe we see. 00:34:16.679 --> 00:34:16.940 Instead, 00:34:17.179 --> 00:34:19.539 We see the kind of universe we would expect, 00:34:20.019 --> 00:34:22.099 If it had been intentionally set up for life, 00:34:22.619 --> 00:34:24.539 Suggesting that it was intended. 00:34:24.900 --> 00:34:26.759 Fine-tuning implies a fine-tuner. 00:34:28.219 --> 00:34:28.719 So, 00:34:28.819 --> 00:34:30.360 While chance is logically possible, 00:34:30.779 --> 00:34:33.179 Design or intention becomes the most reasonable, 00:34:33.179 --> 00:34:33.659 Inference. 00:34:34.399 --> 00:34:35.919 And scientists in the room, 00:34:36.980 --> 00:34:39.000 Every scientist looks at the data, 00:34:39.199 --> 00:34:40.879 And they infer certain things. 00:34:41.759 --> 00:34:42.279 They just, 00:34:42.399 --> 00:34:42.759 They do. 00:34:43.579 --> 00:34:44.819 And that's part of it. 00:34:45.699 --> 00:34:46.500 And so, 00:34:47.339 --> 00:34:48.879 And this is to paraphrase Keller. 00:34:49.480 --> 00:34:49.980 Guys, 00:34:50.039 --> 00:34:51.079 We're getting close to the end here. 00:34:51.139 --> 00:34:52.159 Just stick with me. 00:34:52.159 --> 00:34:55.719 He said it this way. 00:34:55.779 --> 00:34:56.599 As proof, 00:34:56.839 --> 00:34:57.159 Again, 00:34:57.339 --> 00:34:58.139 As proof, 00:34:59.199 --> 00:35:00.059 As proof, 00:35:00.539 --> 00:35:02.259 You have a finite beginning argument, 00:35:02.920 --> 00:35:04.819 The Goldilocks fine-tuning argument, 00:35:05.019 --> 00:35:06.460 The existence of information, 00:35:07.000 --> 00:35:09.199 Are rationally avoidable. 00:35:09.500 --> 00:35:11.039 You can rationally avoid them. 00:35:12.099 --> 00:35:12.579 Rationally. 00:35:13.319 --> 00:35:13.659 Okay, 00:35:13.719 --> 00:35:14.179 You can say, 00:35:14.259 --> 00:35:15.559 I think it's luck. 00:35:16.480 --> 00:35:17.019 Multiverse, 00:35:17.139 --> 00:35:17.859 Whatever you would say. 00:35:17.860 --> 00:35:18.420 However, 00:35:19.920 --> 00:35:21.360 As a clue, 00:35:21.840 --> 00:35:22.660 This is the difference. 00:35:23.280 --> 00:35:23.940 Is it proof? 00:35:25.120 --> 00:35:25.880 It's true. 00:35:26.000 --> 00:35:28.260 Science can't prove or disprove God. 00:35:28.760 --> 00:35:29.620 The existence of God. 00:35:29.920 --> 00:35:31.599 That's just not in its realm. 00:35:32.420 --> 00:35:33.280 But are there clues? 00:35:34.140 --> 00:35:39.460 Are there clues that would give you reasonable expectation that there's a designer behind all of this? 00:35:40.260 --> 00:35:41.139 In that case, 00:35:41.220 --> 00:35:41.539 Yes. 00:35:42.240 --> 00:35:43.820 So we don't have to say, 00:35:45.039 --> 00:35:51.380 Seeing the clues and saying there's a designer behind this is not outside the realm of science. 00:35:51.940 --> 00:35:53.440 It's totally inside of it. 00:35:53.900 --> 00:35:55.099 The question really is, 00:35:55.500 --> 00:35:56.940 What are you going to believe? 00:35:57.920 --> 00:35:58.460 And so then, 00:35:58.539 --> 00:35:58.639 Now, 00:35:58.679 --> 00:36:01.460 If we go back to the idea of, 00:36:01.539 --> 00:36:01.679 Like, 00:36:01.699 --> 00:36:03.039 What are the aspects of belief? 00:36:03.740 --> 00:36:04.860 So you have your friend, 00:36:04.980 --> 00:36:06.240 This person that's a, 00:36:06.240 --> 00:36:06.720 You know, 00:36:06.800 --> 00:36:07.519 A scientist, 00:36:07.820 --> 00:36:09.019 Or just somebody that's very smart. 00:36:09.539 --> 00:36:10.759 We just can't believe, 00:36:10.780 --> 00:36:12.059 I just can't believe in a God. 00:36:12.440 --> 00:36:12.860 You can say, 00:36:12.920 --> 00:36:13.320 Well, look. 00:36:14.440 --> 00:36:15.759 You explain as much as you can. 00:36:15.840 --> 00:36:16.039 You go, 00:36:16.139 --> 00:36:17.000 It is a rational, 00:36:17.259 --> 00:36:20.239 It's rational to accept Genesis 1-1. 00:36:20.800 --> 00:36:21.759 That in the beginning, 00:36:21.920 --> 00:36:24.119 God created the heavens. 00:36:24.219 --> 00:36:25.800 He created everything there is. 00:36:26.460 --> 00:36:27.300 It's rational. 00:36:28.659 --> 00:36:29.920 And if that's rational, 00:36:30.119 --> 00:36:31.519 Now you go to the second thing. 00:36:32.300 --> 00:36:32.480 You know, 00:36:32.539 --> 00:36:33.719 Personal experience. 00:36:34.340 --> 00:36:35.139 You want to get, 00:36:35.259 --> 00:36:36.840 Whoever it is that's questioning like that, 00:36:37.000 --> 00:36:37.920 Get them into the word. 00:36:37.920 --> 00:36:40.159 Because this is how God's revealed himself. 00:36:40.480 --> 00:36:41.180 That God, 00:36:41.460 --> 00:36:43.119 That is rational to believe in, 00:36:43.559 --> 00:36:44.880 Has revealed himself, 00:36:45.119 --> 00:36:45.980 In his written word, 00:36:46.079 --> 00:36:46.760 And in the word, 00:36:46.980 --> 00:36:47.240 Jesus. 00:36:47.680 --> 00:36:48.579 And even John, 00:36:48.659 --> 00:36:49.579 The apostle John, 00:36:49.900 --> 00:36:51.280 In the beginning was the word. 00:36:52.000 --> 00:36:52.280 Right? 00:36:52.360 --> 00:36:53.579 Going all the way back to Genesis, 00:36:53.760 --> 00:36:55.639 And he writes that amazing opening lines, 00:36:55.700 --> 00:36:56.280 To his gospel. 00:36:57.539 --> 00:36:58.240 And so, 00:36:58.380 --> 00:36:59.659 You get them into the word, 00:36:59.700 --> 00:37:02.000 To show how relevant this is to their lives. 00:37:02.200 --> 00:37:03.099 And then you invite them, 00:37:03.099 --> 00:37:04.079 To hang around with us. 00:37:04.079 --> 00:37:05.639 You bring them into the community, 00:37:05.639 --> 00:37:06.920 To see how it's lived out. 00:37:07.219 --> 00:37:08.819 Do you see your role in all of this? 00:37:08.900 --> 00:37:10.039 It's not to answer everything. 00:37:10.420 --> 00:37:12.840 It's for you to bow your knee completely to Jesus. 00:37:13.819 --> 00:37:15.480 To listen to him, 00:37:15.599 --> 00:37:17.559 Experience him through his word, 00:37:18.099 --> 00:37:19.519 Through his preached word, 00:37:19.639 --> 00:37:20.599 Through his written word, 00:37:20.940 --> 00:37:21.840 Through prayer, 00:37:22.019 --> 00:37:22.340 Meditate, 00:37:22.460 --> 00:37:23.219 All of that. 00:37:23.659 --> 00:37:25.500 And then to go and be in the community. 00:37:25.500 --> 00:37:30.940 Because we become clues for the world of Jesus. 00:37:32.519 --> 00:37:34.300 And there's your posture, right? 00:37:36.340 --> 00:37:37.159 John Lennox, 00:37:37.280 --> 00:37:38.159 Famous mathematician, 00:37:38.440 --> 00:37:39.239 Brilliant man, 00:37:39.320 --> 00:37:39.699 A Christian. 00:37:40.039 --> 00:37:41.739 He was on a very popular podcast. 00:37:42.440 --> 00:37:44.019 And he was answering all the questions, 00:37:44.019 --> 00:37:46.260 That I've been attempting to sort of do here. 00:37:46.739 --> 00:37:48.019 But the podcast host, 00:37:48.860 --> 00:37:49.920 Very famous guy. 00:37:51.139 --> 00:37:52.820 I was not familiar with him, 00:37:52.820 --> 00:37:55.160 But John Bartlett, 00:37:55.620 --> 00:37:56.480 He said, 00:37:56.559 --> 00:37:56.800 You know, 00:37:57.140 --> 00:37:58.539 I've had lots of Christians on, 00:37:58.820 --> 00:38:00.180 And you all do the same thing. 00:38:00.320 --> 00:38:00.519 He said, 00:38:00.740 --> 00:38:02.300 You have peace. 00:38:02.620 --> 00:38:03.840 I can see it in you. 00:38:04.320 --> 00:38:06.580 It's not all the great answers you gave me 00:38:06.580 --> 00:38:08.519 That's telling me something about 00:38:08.519 --> 00:38:09.940 What you believe. 00:38:10.000 --> 00:38:10.680 It's you. 00:38:11.160 --> 00:38:12.240 You exude hope. 00:38:12.720 --> 00:38:13.840 You exude peace. 00:38:14.519 --> 00:38:16.400 Your soul is anchored in something 00:38:16.400 --> 00:38:17.539 Deep 00:38:17.539 --> 00:38:18.780 And hopeful. 00:38:18.780 --> 00:38:21.320 See, 00:38:21.420 --> 00:38:23.760 That's where we want people to meet Jesus. 00:38:24.940 --> 00:38:25.920 In that world. 00:38:26.000 --> 00:38:26.860 Because it's relevant. 00:38:27.080 --> 00:38:27.540 There's hope. 00:38:27.700 --> 00:38:28.200 There's meaning. 00:38:28.340 --> 00:38:28.820 There's purpose. 00:38:29.540 --> 00:38:30.600 That's what we give. 00:38:31.360 --> 00:38:31.580 So, 00:38:31.920 --> 00:38:32.820 And that's our posture. 00:38:33.400 --> 00:38:35.080 I said it was a posture, right? 00:38:35.300 --> 00:38:36.280 Not giving answers. 00:38:36.380 --> 00:38:37.060 It's a posture. 00:38:37.220 --> 00:38:38.000 It's what Jesus, 00:38:38.400 --> 00:38:39.600 The Holy Spirit in us. 00:38:40.360 --> 00:38:40.640 Okay. 00:38:40.760 --> 00:38:41.920 And so let's wrap this up. 00:38:44.000 --> 00:38:45.160 Let's look at the last, 00:38:45.660 --> 00:38:47.000 Verses five through seven. 00:38:47.000 --> 00:38:49.519 Psalm 14. 00:38:50.679 --> 00:38:52.099 There they are in great terror. 00:38:52.480 --> 00:38:54.599 For God is with the generation of the righteous. 00:38:55.019 --> 00:38:55.619 Very simply. 00:38:55.739 --> 00:38:57.079 It just means God is with his people. 00:38:57.320 --> 00:38:58.039 God's with us. 00:38:59.119 --> 00:38:59.639 Verse six. 00:39:00.039 --> 00:39:01.760 You would shame the plans of the poor. 00:39:01.860 --> 00:39:02.920 That's talking about the fool. 00:39:03.059 --> 00:39:04.719 The fool would shame the plans of the poor. 00:39:04.800 --> 00:39:06.679 But the Lord is his refuge. 00:39:07.099 --> 00:39:08.400 See, the Lord is our refuge. 00:39:08.920 --> 00:39:09.739 We have everything. 00:39:09.900 --> 00:39:10.860 The Lord is our shepherd. 00:39:11.019 --> 00:39:12.800 We have everything we need. 00:39:13.159 --> 00:39:15.780 Jesus became poor that we would become rich. 00:39:15.780 --> 00:39:17.680 Being poor is, 00:39:18.420 --> 00:39:19.760 We have the kingdom of God. 00:39:20.120 --> 00:39:20.340 Right? 00:39:21.080 --> 00:39:22.640 And that posture, 00:39:23.100 --> 00:39:25.200 That place where we rest in Jesus, 00:39:25.860 --> 00:39:28.580 That posture is everything. 00:39:28.580 --> 00:39:29.800 Because we have peace. 00:39:30.380 --> 00:39:31.880 Because we have looked at the evidence. 00:39:32.000 --> 00:39:33.200 It plays out in our lives. 00:39:33.340 --> 00:39:34.900 And I have seen it in other people. 00:39:36.300 --> 00:39:36.940 And then verse seven. 00:39:37.000 --> 00:39:39.240 Oh, that salvation for Israel would come out of Zion. 00:39:39.380 --> 00:39:41.840 When the Lord restores the fortunes of his people. 00:39:42.180 --> 00:39:43.320 Let Jacob rejoice. 00:39:43.820 --> 00:39:45.019 Let Israel be glad. 00:39:45.019 --> 00:39:47.280 Zion is another word for Jerusalem. 00:39:47.480 --> 00:39:49.179 Jerusalem was set on a hill. 00:39:49.519 --> 00:39:51.300 And outside of Jerusalem was another hill. 00:39:51.500 --> 00:39:53.179 With the cross of Jesus. 00:39:54.059 --> 00:39:56.300 And that's where he took our sin. 00:39:56.960 --> 00:40:00.000 It says in scripture that the day went dark. 00:40:00.280 --> 00:40:01.059 Midday. 00:40:02.199 --> 00:40:03.759 And I couldn't help but think, 00:40:03.920 --> 00:40:05.699 This is new creation. 00:40:06.179 --> 00:40:06.780 It is. 00:40:06.780 --> 00:40:10.860 It's playing out just how God created everything. 00:40:11.260 --> 00:40:12.660 From the darkness. 00:40:14.660 --> 00:40:18.560 All the gravity of sin. 00:40:19.720 --> 00:40:21.620 All the gravity. 00:40:22.620 --> 00:40:24.580 All the gravity of our sin. 00:40:24.579 --> 00:40:28.599 All the gravity and matter of our sin. 00:40:29.079 --> 00:40:30.179 Concentrated on Jesus. 00:40:30.860 --> 00:40:32.679 Who if we take the sort of the law of entropy. 00:40:32.819 --> 00:40:33.519 He's perfect. 00:40:33.980 --> 00:40:36.500 He's perfect at that moment of new creation. 00:40:37.059 --> 00:40:39.000 You know, where from him. 00:40:39.000 --> 00:40:43.420 Is the salvation and the forgiveness of sins. 00:40:44.380 --> 00:40:47.199 And it's as if like the, 00:40:47.639 --> 00:40:49.179 He's perfect. 00:40:49.340 --> 00:40:52.519 And it just goes out from him through us. 00:40:53.380 --> 00:40:56.320 We become the image bearers. 00:40:56.539 --> 00:40:58.820 The clues to this new creation. 00:40:58.820 --> 00:41:00.380 And I would even say, 00:41:00.480 --> 00:41:02.559 You know, the whole idea of the red spectrum. 00:41:03.080 --> 00:41:04.500 Where do we see red on the cross? 00:41:04.559 --> 00:41:06.360 In the spilt blood of Jesus. 00:41:07.100 --> 00:41:08.920 It covers our sins. 00:41:09.980 --> 00:41:12.940 And all placed on one man. 00:41:13.039 --> 00:41:14.180 Like all concentrated. 00:41:14.360 --> 00:41:15.620 And then this explosion. 00:41:15.780 --> 00:41:18.180 That now we go out as image bearers. 00:41:19.720 --> 00:41:21.539 To give clues to other people. 00:41:21.640 --> 00:41:22.840 That point back to Jesus. 00:41:24.380 --> 00:41:26.460 And Jesus, you know, experienced. 00:41:27.360 --> 00:41:28.800 Essentially with the relationship. 00:41:28.820 --> 00:41:30.340 With his father was broken. 00:41:30.440 --> 00:41:32.100 It was like the disintegration of his soul. 00:41:32.200 --> 00:41:33.220 But he did that for us. 00:41:33.260 --> 00:41:35.080 So that we don't have to experience that. 00:41:35.900 --> 00:41:37.260 And you know, there was a code. 00:41:37.539 --> 00:41:39.019 Written at that moment too. 00:41:39.720 --> 00:41:42.820 Because that moment was planned. 00:41:43.039 --> 00:41:45.180 From before the foundations of the world. 00:41:45.800 --> 00:41:47.019 Father, Son, Holy Spirit. 00:41:47.080 --> 00:41:48.160 In the happy land of the Trinity. 00:41:48.260 --> 00:41:49.240 Above all worlds. 00:41:49.440 --> 00:41:51.120 They executed a plan. 00:41:51.200 --> 00:41:52.640 To come and save you and me. 00:41:54.500 --> 00:41:55.960 So where do you stay? 00:41:56.180 --> 00:41:57.100 This is the last point. 00:41:57.100 --> 00:41:58.360 At the foot of the cross. 00:41:58.360 --> 00:42:00.760 Seeing the beauty and wonder of God's love. 00:42:01.579 --> 00:42:03.000 I want to close with this. 00:42:03.920 --> 00:42:05.420 I know it's long. 00:42:05.720 --> 00:42:07.039 Hang with me just a little bit more. 00:42:08.000 --> 00:42:11.180 There is a huge problem in evolutionary biology. 00:42:11.340 --> 00:42:12.660 It's called gratuitous beauty. 00:42:13.420 --> 00:42:16.680 There are things out in the world that are so beautiful. 00:42:16.940 --> 00:42:20.380 And they have nothing to do or are relevant for the survival of that species. 00:42:20.539 --> 00:42:22.940 It's just gratuitous beauty that's out there. 00:42:22.940 --> 00:42:27.900 Charles Murray in his book, Taking Religion Seriously. 00:42:28.039 --> 00:42:31.460 This is an atheist all his life. 00:42:31.720 --> 00:42:32.760 Very brilliant man. 00:42:33.360 --> 00:42:34.780 Came to Christ. 00:42:36.220 --> 00:42:37.099 Just recently. 00:42:37.220 --> 00:42:37.760 Wrote a book. 00:42:38.659 --> 00:42:42.200 That would be a good book to give an intellectual friend of yours, by the way. 00:42:42.199 --> 00:42:48.439 He said when things began to change for him and he began to wonder. 00:42:48.980 --> 00:42:49.939 Because he just accepted. 00:42:50.059 --> 00:42:52.159 He was in academic circles. 00:42:52.579 --> 00:42:55.279 And no one believed that stuff of Christianity. 00:42:55.339 --> 00:42:56.099 That was all myth. 00:42:57.000 --> 00:43:00.099 But something his wife said when she was holding their firstborn. 00:43:00.099 --> 00:43:01.719 She said this. 00:43:01.860 --> 00:43:12.460 She said her empathy was that she had trouble distinguishing where she stopped and baby Anna began. 00:43:13.000 --> 00:43:17.360 Her epiphany was that she loved Anna far more than evolution required. 00:43:19.400 --> 00:43:23.119 There is gratuitous beauty in the new creation. 00:43:24.360 --> 00:43:29.880 If we look at the cross of Jesus, it's referencing how he created everything. 00:43:30.119 --> 00:43:32.860 And what we are seeing is new creation. 00:43:33.059 --> 00:43:39.320 For Jesus, through us, we expand out into the world as image bearers and clues of a creator and savior. 00:43:39.800 --> 00:43:42.640 Jesus atones for sin and brings new creation. 00:43:43.720 --> 00:43:45.619 Our God is a kind God. 00:43:45.860 --> 00:43:48.119 He took on flesh to rescue us from ourselves. 00:43:48.539 --> 00:43:51.320 He left his fingerprints everywhere to feed our souls. 00:43:51.420 --> 00:43:55.519 So we can be his fingerprints and feed souls through loving well. 00:43:56.640 --> 00:43:57.400 Surrender all. 00:43:57.460 --> 00:43:58.579 That's what I would tell you, guys. 00:43:58.579 --> 00:43:59.139 Bow. 00:43:59.139 --> 00:43:59.460 Bow. 00:43:59.799 --> 00:44:02.739 The creation just points to an amazing God. 00:44:02.840 --> 00:44:04.019 The detail in the cell. 00:44:04.759 --> 00:44:08.079 He can handle and manage your details in your life. 00:44:08.159 --> 00:44:09.219 So go ahead and surrender. 00:44:09.420 --> 00:44:11.139 Surrender everything that you have. 00:44:11.239 --> 00:44:11.759 Your will. 00:44:12.099 --> 00:44:12.559 Your way. 00:44:12.719 --> 00:44:13.319 Your life. 00:44:13.860 --> 00:44:15.159 Begin again today. 00:44:15.900 --> 00:44:18.400 We serve a powerful, loving, and wise God. 00:44:18.619 --> 00:44:19.819 He has rescued you. 00:44:20.139 --> 00:44:23.019 You have nothing to prove, protect, or lose. 00:44:23.400 --> 00:44:24.940 He's making all things new. 00:44:24.940 --> 00:44:27.599 And the best is yet to come. 00:44:28.059 --> 00:44:28.559 Let's pray. 00:44:30.780 --> 00:44:38.679 Father, oh, Lord, that we would see the gratuitous beauty of just the lavish beauty of Jesus. 00:44:38.679 --> 00:44:47.079 Father, if there's been any confusion or anything that I've said, Holy Spirit, correct it somehow, maybe in the next hour. 00:44:48.599 --> 00:44:51.239 But, Lord, we bow a knee. 00:44:51.379 --> 00:44:54.699 We are just astonished at your creation. 00:44:54.699 --> 00:45:01.500 And it speaks of you and your detail and love for us. 00:45:01.819 --> 00:45:02.799 It's amazing. 00:45:03.059 --> 00:45:03.779 It really is. 00:45:03.859 --> 00:45:04.419 Thank you, Father. 00:45:05.099 --> 00:45:05.399 Amen. 00:45:06.399 --> 00:45:09.980 For more information, visit us online at southwood.org. 00:45:10.139 --> 00:45:10.139 00:45:10.139 --> 00:45:10.139 00:45:10.139 --> 00:45:10.139 00:45:10.139 --> 00:45:10.139 00:45:10.139 --> 00:45:10.139 00:45:10.139 --> 00:45:10.139 00:45:10.139 --> 00:45:10.139 00:45:10.139 --> 00:45:10.139 00:45:10.139 --> 00:45:10.139 00:45:10.139 --> 00:45:10.139 00:45:10.139 --> 00:45:10.139 00:45:10.139 --> 00:45:10.139 00:45:10.139 --> 00:45:10.139 00:45:10.139 --> 00:45:10.139 00:45:10.139 --> 00:45:10.139 00:45:10.139 --> 00:45:10.139 00:45:10.139 --> 00:45:10.139 00:45:10.139 --> 00:45:10.139 00:45:10.139 --> 00:45:10.139 00:45:10.139 --> 00:45:10.139 00:45:10.139 --> 00:45:10.139 00:45:10.139 --> 00:45:10.139 00:45:10.139 --> 00:45:10.139 00:45:10.139 --> 00:45:10.139 00:45:10.139 --> 00:45:10.139 00:45:10.139 --> 00:45:10.139 00:45:10.139 --> 00:45:10.139 00:45:10.139 --> 00:45:10.139 00:45:10.139 --> 00:45:10.139 00:45:10.139 --> 00:45:10.139 00:45:10.139 --> 00:45:10.139 00:45:10.139 --> 00:45:10.139 00:45:10.139 --> 00:45:10.139 00:45:10.139 --> 00:45:10.139 00:45:10.139 --> 00:45:10.139 00:45:10.139 --> 00:45:10.139 00:45:10.139 --> 00:45:10.139 00:45:10.139 --> 00:45:10.139 00:45:10.139 --> 00:45:10.139 00:45:10.139 --> 00:45:10.139 00:45:10.139 --> 00:45:10.139 00:45:10.139 --> 00:45:10.139 00:45:10.139 --> 00:45:10.139 00:45:10.139 --> 00:45:10.139 00:45:10.139 --> 00:45:10.139 00:45:10.139 --> 00:45:10.139 00:45:10.139 --> 00:45:10.139 00:45:10.139 --> 00:45:40.119 Thank you.