WEBVTT

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 Good morning.

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 If you want to go ahead and turn to Hebrews chapter 4.

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 Sharper than any two-edged sword.

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 Piercing to the division of soul and of spirit.

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 Of joints and of marrow.

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 And discerning the thoughts and intentions of the heart.

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 And no creature is hidden from his sight.

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 But all are naked and exposed to the eyes of him to whom we must give account.

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 Father, thank you for this word from you.

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 By your spirit, enlighten our eyes to understand.

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 In Jesus' name.

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 I consider it a great privilege to be a part of a congregation that highly values the Bible.

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 When you look through the pages of scripture, you see how often the word of God is extolled.

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 Is lifted up.

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 Is shown to be an important part of what God does.

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 And he has given it, his word, a major role in the preservation of the church and of our faith.

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 And so it seems obvious that we would, that we who claim to follow Christ, love God, would place the same value on the word that he does.

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 But this is not true of every church.

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 Many, even those with a rich gospel heritage, have lost that perspective.

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 Those folks who study church trends and life have outlined what they call the four stages of church decline.

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 In the first stage, the gospel is central.

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 That's the good church.

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 In that stage, the Bible has a central role in defining the issues of life.

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 The Bible sets the agenda for what the leadership, what the congregation does.

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 In the second stage, the gospel is assumed.

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 When the gospel is assumed, the Bible takes on a secondary role.

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 Its message, its emphases, its agenda are replaced with those of the culture, the latest trends, current events.

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 And then by the third stage, the gospel is lost and the Bible has very little place at all.

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 And in the fourth stage, the church is withered into complete spiritual indifference.

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 Now, most of what many of us have experienced or observed would probably be considered the first or second stage.

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 At least, that's my experience.

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 But I do not believe that the downtrend is inevitable.

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 Churches do persevere.

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 Churches do persevere.

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 Revivals do happen.

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 And that's because the Lord is present.

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 And he's left his spirit in the church to

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 give it strength, to lead and guide it,

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 to help it guard against the drifting from the gospel.

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 God has given us the privilege of participating in that preserving work of his spirit.

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 When we belong or participate in a church that highly values the word of God.

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 God wants you to hear his spirit.

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 This morning, I believe God wants you and me to hear his voice through his word.

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 And to respond with a faith and obedience that are appropriate.

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 And a renewed determination to make and keep his word central in our hearts.

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 God wants you to appreciate the role he has given to the word in the church.

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 And in appreciating that, then benefiting from it.

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 Not only in salvation, but also in transformation.

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 And effectiveness.

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 Now, Hebrews chapter 4, verses 12 and 13.

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 This is a passage that highlights the importance of God's word.

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 It's a reminder of the role that God has given to his word in strengthening and preserving faith.

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 By bringing about repentance and growth.

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 It's a passage that calls you to do everything you can do to keep the word central in your life.

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 To trust it.

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 And to respond appropriately.

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 So this morning, I'd like to look at three aspects of the word of God given here in the text.

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 That God says are reasons why you should keep the word of God central in your life.

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 So first, let's look at verse 12 again.

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 The first part.

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 For the word of God is alive.

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 Or living.

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 Word of God is living.

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 Alive.

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 Now, the context is very important to understanding the reason this passage occurs here.

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 So, I will come back to it.

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 But to begin with, I'd like to look closely at the main point.

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 And that is that God wants you to value his word because it is alive.

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 God's word is living.

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 In a grammatical sense, the word alive here is the emphasis of this verse.

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 It occurs first.

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 So, if you looked into the Greek, you would see living for the word of God.

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 In other words, the word of God is living.

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 But it begins with living.

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 It's emphatic.

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 This is the point that the author wants to draw our attention to.

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 The idea of the word of God being alive.

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 And simply speaking, this is the main reason why we should value the word of God.

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 Because it is a living word.

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 The other descriptors in the text really flow out of this.

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 The idea that the word of God is alive might seem a bit strange to us.

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 But it makes sense when you see it in light of whose word it is.

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 28 times in the ESV, the phrase, the living God occurs.

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 Three of those times are in the book of Hebrews.

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 In a basic sense, the word living when attached to God simply refers to the fact that unlike the idols of the nations,

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 the idols that surrounded the Israelites and so on,

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 unlike those gods, our God is alive.

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 The psalmists and even the prophets mock the nations,

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 saying those idols have eyes, but they can't see.

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 They have ears, but they can't hear.

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 They have mouths, but they neither speak nor breathe.

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 This contrast is true, but I think there's something more to the phrase,

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 the living God.

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 Because when you understand God in all of his attributes and who he really is,

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 you realize that God is life itself.

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 This life, God's life, is not derived as we understand life,

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 derived from anything outside of himself.

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 He's not dependent upon breath to live.

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 He's not dependent upon electrochemical processes in your nervous system in order to think like we are.

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 And he's not dependent upon calorie intake for energy.

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 God's life itself.

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 Life is his nature.

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 I think understanding this aids our understanding of what is being communicated here about the word of God.

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 God's good news to us is a message about life.

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 But it's more than that.

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 The gospel itself is a living message.

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 The word of God is living.

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 The proclamation of the word is life.

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 And when it is proclaimed faithfully, it imparts life.

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 In the same way, I believe this is how we should understand and view the written word, the Bible.

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 It is a living document.

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 Early on in my Christian experience, I was given some advice about how to study the Bible.

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 And it was found in this old, small book of Falling Apart, probably written 100 or 200 years ago.

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 I don't even know who the author was.

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 But I looked through it and it said there's two ways to study the Bible.

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 And both are important.

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 First, you should study the Bible just like any other book.

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 There are common elements that need to be understood.

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 There's genre and grammar and structure and historical context and idiomatic language that you need to try to understand.

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 In this way, the Bible is just like any other book.

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 And we should be diligent to seek to understand what is being communicated.

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 But second, it advised, you should study the Bible unlike any other book.

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 You see, the Bible is not just a collection of ancient stories and conventional wisdom.

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 It's not simply a collection of practical principles.

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 And it's certainly not like a magic book full of formulas to follow or pronounce in order to gain health and wealth and success in life.

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 The Bible is God's very word spoken and recorded in the context of human experience.

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 I think it's very interesting.

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 As we've been going through Hebrews, you see that the author of Hebrews quotes an Old Testament passage back in chapter 3 in verse 7.

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 But when you look there, what does he say?

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 He says, therefore, as the Holy Spirit says...

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 Oh, he made a mistake.

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 Didn't the Holy Spirit say that?

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 Past tense?

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 Past tense?

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 It's not what it says.

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 And the passage begins today if you hear his voice.

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 And what he's doing is taking that word written so many years before and saying it applies to you, to me now.

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 Today, if you hear his voice, don't harden your hearts.

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 Well, how can he do that?

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 Is he just speaking metaphorically?

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 Or...

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 I don't think so.

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 He's indicating that God was presently, at the time he wrote this,

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 giving the very same warning to the readers of his book.

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 God speaks to us in his word.

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 You can expect God to speak to you in his word.

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 And his word is life.

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 It's your food.

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 It's your drink.

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 It's your energy.

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 It's your strength.

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 It's your wisdom.

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 It's your guidance.

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 It's your comfort.

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 It's your comfort.

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 This is the very thing God wants you to make every effort to understand and depend upon.

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 And in order to do this, you must value it.

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 But the passage continues, doesn't it?

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 Not only is it alive, but it effectively accomplishes what God intends.

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 That's the second aspect we see.

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 God wants you to value his word because it is effective.

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 Look at verse 12 again.

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 For the word of God is alive, living, and effective.

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 Now, some versions have the word active or powerful instead of effective.

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 But really, the word effective carries the idea best.

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 By effective, it means that it accomplishes something.

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 It's effective in what it is designed to do.

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 Sure, it's powerful.

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 But the point is that it's powerful to accomplish what it's sent to do or what it's given for.

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 I think the best argument for that is in the words of the prophet Isaiah in chapter 55 and verses 10 and 11.

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 He records,

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 And shall succeed in the thing for which I sent it.

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 That's how God views his word.

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 That effectiveness is observed in creation.

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 Isn't it amazing that God just said, let there be light and there was light?

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 He just spoke and it happened.

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 It did just what he said.

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 In Ezekiel 37, God had the prophet speak his word over the bones that typified Israel.

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 And when he did that, those bones came back to life.

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 And it's observed also in Lazarus' resurrection.

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 When Jesus said, come forth.

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 And what happened?

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 He came forth.

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 And even in the story that we heard this morning for you children.

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 All Jesus had to do was say, peace, be still.

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 And it happened.

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 That's the effectiveness of God's word.

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 It's powerful and effectively accomplishes his will.

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 Now, the word of God has many aspects to this effectiveness.

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 There are several metaphors in the Bible that highlight these.

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 And I'll list just a few.

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 And some are the ones that I found.

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 Psalm 119, 105.

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 The word of God is a lamp that gives light.

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 The light of his instruction and direction.

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 In Jeremiah 23 and verse 29, God's word is called a fire that consumes and a hammer that shatters.

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 Referring to its capacity to destroy false representations of God and his truth.

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 According to James, the word of God is a mirror that reflects the real person.

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 And the apostle Peter says that the word of God is a seed that births new life and milk that nourishes the people of God.

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 But in this passage in Hebrews, the word of God is compared to a sharp double-edged sword that pierces and separates and discerns.

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 Look again at verse 12.

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 For the word of God is living and active.

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 Sharper than any two-edged sword.

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 Piercing to the division of soul and spirit of joints and marrow.

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 And discerning the thoughts and intentions of the heart.

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 That is how in this chapter the word of God is described.

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 And I think we would be right to ask why a sword is used in this context.

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 It's understandable in Ephesians 6, 17 where the word of God is called the sword of the spirit.

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 And is part of the armor of the Christian in the fight for the saints in the war against those powers of darkness that seek to undermine our faith.

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 And it's understandable in the book of Revelation where the sharp two-edged sword proceeds from the mouth of Jesus himself to slay those who reject his kingdom.

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 Chapter 19.

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 But here in Hebrews, the idea seems a bit different.

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 It's more like a fisherman's knife.

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 Although the word is sword, but it's a small sword.

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 Instead of an instrument of war.

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 The imagery of the division of soul and spirit and joint and marrow reflect this.

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 Maybe you can think of it as being filleted.

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 The last part of verse 12 makes this point.

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 And I think that's what the image leads up to when it says,

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 Discerning the thoughts and intentions of the heart.

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 It's one of the chief characteristics of the word of God to then expose us.

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 To expose our motives.

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 We sang about the fear we have of being exposed.

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 But that's a good thing.

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 According to the scriptures.

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 Sin is very deceitful.

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 And according to the Bible, we can't even always know our own hearts.

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 1 Corinthians chapter 4.

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 But the message of the gospel exposes us.

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 It distinguishes between religious practice and faith.

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 It exposes the difference between the desire to be recognized and self-sacrificing charity.

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 It demonstrates the great contrast between lust and love.

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 And it reveals the difference between works that are produced through a need to be acceptance and those that are generated through gratitude and grace.

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 God knows us.

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 God knows us very well.

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 And he's given his word to help us.

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 You see, the deceitfulness of sin is just that.

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 It's deceitful.

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 That means we can't always see it.

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 It's powerful.

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 It wants to lead us astray.

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 Cause us to drift.

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 Urge us to harden our hearts.

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 It says, God really can't be trusted.

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 You know a lot about this.

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 Anyway.

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 It whispers,

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 Your happiness is more important than the life that's inside.

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 It attempts to minimize the effects of small sins.

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 Of white lies.

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 Neglect of prayer and worship.

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 It attempts to make greed and self-preservation appear as responsibility.

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 But the word of God exposes all of this.

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 This role of the Bible, of the word of God, fits the context of Hebrews.

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 And it's reinforced by the following verse.

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 Verse 13.

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 God's word is alive.

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 It's effective.

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 And thus, it requires a response from us.

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 And that's the next aspect of the word of God that we want to look at in this passage.

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 God wants you to value his word.

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 Yes, because it is alive and effective.

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 But also because valuing his word is what you need to do in order to respond appropriately.

00:23:23.939 --> 00:23:25.599
 Look at verse 13 again.

00:23:25.599 --> 00:23:48.059
 Now, in this verse, there is a switch from the sword metaphor to a focus on God's omniscience and his eyes that are able to see everything.

00:23:48.059 --> 00:23:52.259
 But the point is the same.

00:23:52.480 --> 00:23:56.759
 It's just a reinforcement of what he said previously.

00:23:56.940 --> 00:23:58.679
 Nothing is hidden from God.

00:23:59.599 --> 00:24:01.579
 Your innermost thoughts, nothing.

00:24:02.279 --> 00:24:04.179
 We are all exposed from him.

00:24:04.240 --> 00:24:06.259
 We can't hide anything from him.

00:24:07.119 --> 00:24:09.200
 Your thoughts, your motives, nothing.

00:24:09.720 --> 00:24:12.859
 You are completely vulnerable and exposed before him.

00:24:12.859 --> 00:24:20.000
 And God wants to remind you of this so that you can respond in faith.

00:24:22.179 --> 00:24:29.059
 I mentioned earlier that the context is important for understanding the reason why these verses are here at this point in the book of Hebrews.

00:24:29.339 --> 00:24:38.039
 And until now, the author has been emphasizing the superiority of Christ over angels and over Moses.

00:24:38.039 --> 00:24:49.119
 But his intent in highlighting these things is clearly and predominantly to warn the readers against replacing Jesus with anything.

00:24:52.720 --> 00:24:56.180
 In chapter 2, he warns against drifting away.

00:24:56.319 --> 00:24:56.879
 Verse 1.

00:24:58.680 --> 00:25:03.200
 In chapter 3, he warns against falling away from the living God.

00:25:03.279 --> 00:25:03.940
 In verse 12.

00:25:03.940 --> 00:25:13.420
 Then again, in the verse before today's text, in verse 11, we see another warning against the same disobedience that brought judgment on the Israelites in the wilderness.

00:25:14.240 --> 00:25:20.200
 Each of these warnings is in the context of the word of God.

00:25:22.600 --> 00:25:26.920
 The warning against drifting away refers to what we have heard.

00:25:26.920 --> 00:25:31.019
 Be careful that we don't drift away from what we have heard.

00:25:31.640 --> 00:25:33.160
 The message of the gospel.

00:25:33.940 --> 00:25:34.759
 God's word.

00:25:37.019 --> 00:25:44.920
 In verse 12 of chapter 3, the falling away is described as an evil, unbelieving heart.

00:25:45.660 --> 00:25:46.559
 Unbelieving what?

00:25:47.340 --> 00:25:49.600
 Unbelieving of the word of God.

00:25:49.940 --> 00:25:52.480
 Of the promises that God made to them.

00:25:54.400 --> 00:25:55.680
 To the Israelites.

00:25:55.680 --> 00:26:05.100
 And the disobedience mentioned in verse 11 of chapter 4 is the response of those same Israelites to the promise of rest.

00:26:06.140 --> 00:26:09.759
 Which in verse 6 is called the good news or the gospel.

00:26:10.640 --> 00:26:23.140
 So in every case here we have a caution, a warning about leaving, about not trusting God's word.

00:26:23.140 --> 00:26:32.120
 So the focus of the word of God or on the word of God in verses 11 or 12 and 13 aligns with this emphasis.

00:26:32.119 --> 00:26:37.579
 But it also directly relates to the exhortation in verse 11.

00:26:39.199 --> 00:26:43.199
 You see, in view of the Israelites' failure to receive God's promised rest,

00:26:43.359 --> 00:26:47.379
 we, on the other hand, are encouraged to strive to enter that rest.

00:26:48.219 --> 00:26:49.199
 Well, what does that mean?

00:26:49.200 --> 00:26:51.700
 What does it mean to strive to enter rest?

00:26:51.779 --> 00:26:53.580
 That sounds like an oxymoron to me.

00:26:56.279 --> 00:26:59.759
 What does it mean?

00:27:04.860 --> 00:27:13.940
 But when we consider that this rest there is a type of our eternal rest, the promise of the gospel.

00:27:13.940 --> 00:27:18.720
 And when we consider the context of what is being warned against here,

00:27:19.080 --> 00:27:29.299
 then striving to enter should be then understood as simply being diligent to hear and to trust the word of God.

00:27:30.220 --> 00:27:31.840
 That's what he's calling us to do.

00:27:32.559 --> 00:27:39.380
 Not neglect it, but earnestly seek to hear it,

00:27:39.380 --> 00:27:41.680
 to understand it,

00:27:42.060 --> 00:27:43.900
 and to believe it.

00:27:46.340 --> 00:27:51.620
 I think it's likely that in the short period of our time together this morning in the worship

00:27:51.620 --> 00:27:54.800
 and even in reading these few passages in the Bible,

00:27:54.900 --> 00:28:02.220
 that the Spirit of God has used the word of God to draw your attention to some area of lack or of trust

00:28:02.220 --> 00:28:07.460
 or some area of fear or some desire that you know that will not trust you

00:28:07.460 --> 00:28:10.640
 or draw you close to the Lord.

00:28:17.360 --> 00:28:20.240
 And I think he's doing that because he loves you.

00:28:22.180 --> 00:28:25.519
 And he wants you to turn to him and expect in faith

00:28:25.519 --> 00:28:27.100
 that he can help,

00:28:28.240 --> 00:28:31.120
 that he can change you and me.

00:28:32.220 --> 00:28:34.039
 If that isn't happening,

00:28:34.180 --> 00:28:35.220
 we're really in big trouble.

00:28:38.120 --> 00:28:45.339
 But the encouragement is that he does it so that we would respond appropriately.

00:28:47.279 --> 00:28:49.000
 At the end of verse 13,

00:28:49.079 --> 00:28:50.339
 there is this phrase,

00:28:50.759 --> 00:28:52.680
 to whom we must give account.

00:28:52.880 --> 00:28:54.779
 And if you take it at face value,

00:28:55.680 --> 00:28:59.700
 it appears to be a sense in which,

00:28:59.700 --> 00:29:00.420
 you know,

00:29:00.440 --> 00:29:01.500
 listen to what I'm saying

00:29:01.500 --> 00:29:06.860
 because one day you're going to be held accountable for everything that you've heard

00:29:06.860 --> 00:29:08.940
 and all the things that God has called you to

00:29:08.940 --> 00:29:10.819
 and whether you responded right or not.

00:29:11.039 --> 00:29:15.980
 And it's possible that that is what is intended.

00:29:15.980 --> 00:29:21.680
 But other versions have something a little more vague.

00:29:22.360 --> 00:29:27.220
 With whom we have to do instead of to whom we must give an account.

00:29:27.779 --> 00:29:32.620
 And the lack of agreement on the translation here

00:29:32.620 --> 00:29:36.860
 is simply because this is one of those idiomatic phrases

00:29:36.860 --> 00:29:39.700
 that isn't easy to be translated into English.

00:29:39.700 --> 00:29:44.779
 If you looked at a literal translation of this,

00:29:44.880 --> 00:29:45.460
 you would read,

00:29:45.900 --> 00:29:46.660
 to whom,

00:29:47.380 --> 00:29:48.299
 for us,

00:29:48.860 --> 00:29:49.480
 the word.

00:29:51.980 --> 00:29:54.279
 If that sounds odd to you,

00:29:54.740 --> 00:29:55.519
 you're in good company.

00:29:55.680 --> 00:29:57.740
 I think it should sound odd to all of us.

00:29:57.819 --> 00:29:59.100
 What in the world does that mean?

00:30:00.059 --> 00:30:00.720
 To whom,

00:30:01.340 --> 00:30:01.940
 to us,

00:30:02.039 --> 00:30:02.559
 the word.

00:30:02.559 --> 00:30:03.399
 Well,

00:30:05.659 --> 00:30:07.139
 there is some similarity here

00:30:07.139 --> 00:30:09.579
 with the word being used

00:30:09.579 --> 00:30:12.740
 in other texts in the Bible

00:30:12.740 --> 00:30:14.179
 with accountability,

00:30:14.799 --> 00:30:18.879
 with the concept of accounting.

00:30:19.779 --> 00:30:24.639
 But it's normally used in a different sense

00:30:24.639 --> 00:30:26.240
 and with a different verb.

00:30:26.399 --> 00:30:27.119
 So really,

00:30:27.119 --> 00:30:29.819
 it's just hard to say

00:30:29.819 --> 00:30:33.039
 that to whom we must give an account

00:30:33.039 --> 00:30:34.939
 is what he's trying to communicate.

00:30:35.500 --> 00:30:35.819
 Of course,

00:30:35.919 --> 00:30:37.039
 those people who have studied this

00:30:37.039 --> 00:30:39.339
 are much smarter than I am

00:30:39.339 --> 00:30:40.319
 and maybe they

00:30:40.319 --> 00:30:42.619
 see things that I don't.

00:30:42.699 --> 00:30:43.679
 But other people

00:30:43.679 --> 00:30:45.799
 aren't convinced either.

00:30:48.119 --> 00:30:49.099
 It's possible

00:30:49.099 --> 00:30:52.339
 that what is presented here

00:30:52.339 --> 00:30:53.619
 is a play on words

00:30:53.619 --> 00:30:54.779
 that reaches back

00:30:54.779 --> 00:30:56.179
 to the beginning of the text.

00:30:57.119 --> 00:30:58.299
 The word,

00:30:59.279 --> 00:31:01.139
 this passage ends with that.

00:31:01.199 --> 00:31:02.099
 Remember I said it says

00:31:02.099 --> 00:31:04.119
 to whom,

00:31:04.359 --> 00:31:05.059
 to us,

00:31:05.179 --> 00:31:05.839
 the word.

00:31:06.779 --> 00:31:07.500
 And it's possible

00:31:07.500 --> 00:31:08.500
 that that is

00:31:08.500 --> 00:31:10.119
 a play on words

00:31:10.119 --> 00:31:12.500
 that reaches back

00:31:12.500 --> 00:31:13.159
 to the beginning

00:31:13.159 --> 00:31:15.259
 of verse 12

00:31:15.259 --> 00:31:15.699
 where

00:31:15.699 --> 00:31:18.219
 living is the word.

00:31:19.419 --> 00:31:19.599
 That

00:31:19.599 --> 00:31:22.119
 there is some sense

00:31:22.119 --> 00:31:22.579
 in which

00:31:22.579 --> 00:31:24.419
 we're to see

00:31:24.419 --> 00:31:25.539
 a relationship

00:31:25.539 --> 00:31:26.279
 between

00:31:26.279 --> 00:31:27.839
 the living word

00:31:27.839 --> 00:31:28.399
 of God

00:31:28.399 --> 00:31:30.039
 and for us

00:31:30.039 --> 00:31:30.759
 the word.

00:31:32.399 --> 00:31:33.059
 Those that

00:31:33.059 --> 00:31:34.279
 see that

00:31:34.279 --> 00:31:35.399
 in the passage

00:31:35.399 --> 00:31:36.460
 consider this

00:31:36.460 --> 00:31:38.440
 a response.

00:31:40.500 --> 00:31:41.399
 One scholar

00:31:41.399 --> 00:31:42.799
 put it this way.

00:31:45.139 --> 00:31:45.839
 He said,

00:31:46.039 --> 00:31:46.639
 now the ball

00:31:46.639 --> 00:31:48.359
 is in our court,

00:31:48.519 --> 00:31:49.200
 so to speak.

00:31:49.799 --> 00:31:50.440
 In other words,

00:31:50.539 --> 00:31:51.200
 God is saying

00:31:51.200 --> 00:31:52.559
 all this about his word

00:31:52.559 --> 00:31:53.919
 and now the ball

00:31:53.919 --> 00:31:54.720
 is in our court.

00:31:55.879 --> 00:31:56.039
 Well,

00:31:56.919 --> 00:31:58.440
 however you look at this,

00:31:59.139 --> 00:32:00.460
 the idea of a response

00:32:00.460 --> 00:32:02.059
 is

00:32:02.059 --> 00:32:03.079
 inevitable.

00:32:05.659 --> 00:32:06.639
 And I think that

00:32:06.639 --> 00:32:07.619
 last understanding

00:32:07.619 --> 00:32:08.779
 would agree

00:32:08.779 --> 00:32:09.779
 with the rest of the book

00:32:09.779 --> 00:32:10.339
 so far.

00:32:10.579 --> 00:32:11.299
 It's essential

00:32:11.299 --> 00:32:12.599
 that we hear

00:32:12.599 --> 00:32:13.720
 and respond

00:32:13.720 --> 00:32:14.700
 appropriately

00:32:14.700 --> 00:32:16.319
 with trust

00:32:16.319 --> 00:32:17.860
 in the word

00:32:17.860 --> 00:32:18.340
 of God.

00:32:19.519 --> 00:32:20.620
 How have you

00:32:20.620 --> 00:32:21.140
 responded

00:32:21.140 --> 00:32:22.860
 to the gospel?

00:32:23.759 --> 00:32:24.360
 How have you

00:32:24.360 --> 00:32:25.340
 responded today

00:32:25.340 --> 00:32:27.580
 when that

00:32:27.580 --> 00:32:28.740
 word

00:32:28.740 --> 00:32:30.059
 pricked

00:32:30.059 --> 00:32:31.059
 your heart,

00:32:32.640 --> 00:32:33.140
 filleted

00:32:33.140 --> 00:32:34.059
 your heart?

00:32:34.860 --> 00:32:35.460
 How did you

00:32:35.460 --> 00:32:35.900
 respond?

00:32:37.340 --> 00:32:37.960
 Did you

00:32:37.960 --> 00:32:38.900
 respond like

00:32:38.900 --> 00:32:39.860
 a

00:32:39.860 --> 00:32:41.500
 sacrificial

00:32:41.500 --> 00:32:42.080
 animal

00:32:42.080 --> 00:32:42.980
 waiting to be

00:32:42.980 --> 00:32:44.019
 cut

00:32:44.019 --> 00:32:45.019
 by throwing

00:32:45.019 --> 00:32:45.420
 your head

00:32:45.420 --> 00:32:45.720
 back

00:32:45.720 --> 00:32:46.200
 and saying,

00:32:46.420 --> 00:32:46.640
 yes,

00:32:46.740 --> 00:32:46.920
 God,

00:32:46.980 --> 00:32:47.500
 that's me.

00:32:49.620 --> 00:32:50.140
 Help.

00:32:51.559 --> 00:32:52.059
 That's

00:32:52.059 --> 00:32:52.819
 really what

00:32:52.819 --> 00:32:53.180
 the word

00:32:53.180 --> 00:32:53.839
 refers to

00:32:53.839 --> 00:32:54.059
 there

00:32:54.059 --> 00:32:54.460
 when it

00:32:54.460 --> 00:32:54.700
 says

00:32:54.700 --> 00:32:55.000
 we're

00:32:55.000 --> 00:32:55.920
 exposed.

00:32:56.839 --> 00:32:57.220
 It's

00:32:57.220 --> 00:32:57.740
 the same

00:32:57.740 --> 00:32:58.099
 word

00:32:58.099 --> 00:32:58.640
 that's used

00:32:58.640 --> 00:32:59.120
 in these

00:32:59.120 --> 00:32:59.880
 sacrificial

00:32:59.880 --> 00:33:00.400
 rites

00:33:00.400 --> 00:33:01.839
 where the

00:33:01.839 --> 00:33:02.620
 sacrifice

00:33:02.620 --> 00:33:03.240
 is laid

00:33:03.240 --> 00:33:03.660
 open,

00:33:04.000 --> 00:33:04.500
 ready to

00:33:04.500 --> 00:33:04.819
 be

00:33:04.819 --> 00:33:05.819
 cut.

00:33:07.480 --> 00:33:08.019
 Thankfully,

00:33:08.140 --> 00:33:08.579
 God won't

00:33:08.579 --> 00:33:09.140
 do that

00:33:09.140 --> 00:33:11.039
 to those

00:33:11.039 --> 00:33:12.559
 that

00:33:12.559 --> 00:33:13.359
 humble

00:33:13.359 --> 00:33:13.720
 themselves

00:33:13.720 --> 00:33:14.259
 in that

00:33:14.259 --> 00:33:14.559
 way.

00:33:15.480 --> 00:33:15.839
 I think

00:33:15.839 --> 00:33:17.420
 Psalm 139,

00:33:17.619 --> 00:33:18.180
 in Psalm

00:33:18.180 --> 00:33:18.779
 139,

00:33:18.879 --> 00:33:19.240
 David

00:33:19.240 --> 00:33:21.519
 represents

00:33:21.519 --> 00:33:22.639
 this idea

00:33:22.639 --> 00:33:23.460
 very well.

00:33:25.139 --> 00:33:25.940
 He

00:33:25.940 --> 00:33:26.759
 portrays

00:33:26.759 --> 00:33:27.539
 God's

00:33:27.539 --> 00:33:28.039
 intimate

00:33:28.039 --> 00:33:28.740
 awareness

00:33:28.740 --> 00:33:29.299
 of him

00:33:29.299 --> 00:33:29.980
 in the

00:33:29.980 --> 00:33:30.359
 first

00:33:30.359 --> 00:33:31.099
 six

00:33:31.099 --> 00:33:31.519
 verses.

00:33:32.879 --> 00:33:33.819
 And there

00:33:33.819 --> 00:33:34.339
 he says,

00:33:34.460 --> 00:33:35.059
 O Lord,

00:33:35.220 --> 00:33:35.819
 you have

00:33:35.819 --> 00:33:36.339
 searched

00:33:36.339 --> 00:33:37.180
 me and

00:33:37.180 --> 00:33:37.480
 known

00:33:37.480 --> 00:33:37.799
 me.

00:33:38.759 --> 00:33:39.019
 You

00:33:39.019 --> 00:33:39.599
 know when

00:33:39.599 --> 00:33:39.980
 I sit

00:33:39.980 --> 00:33:40.599
 down and

00:33:40.599 --> 00:33:40.919
 when I

00:33:40.919 --> 00:33:41.579
 rise up.

00:33:42.099 --> 00:33:42.399
 You

00:33:42.399 --> 00:33:42.919
 discern

00:33:42.919 --> 00:33:43.299
 my

00:33:43.299 --> 00:33:43.719
 thoughts

00:33:43.719 --> 00:33:44.539
 from afar.

00:33:45.599 --> 00:33:45.799
 You

00:33:45.799 --> 00:33:46.219
 search

00:33:46.219 --> 00:33:46.679
 out my

00:33:46.679 --> 00:33:47.299
 path and

00:33:47.299 --> 00:33:47.799
 my lying

00:33:47.799 --> 00:33:48.359
 down and

00:33:48.359 --> 00:33:48.899
 are acquainted

00:33:48.899 --> 00:33:49.339
 with all

00:33:49.339 --> 00:33:50.059
 my ways.

00:33:50.439 --> 00:33:50.699
 Even

00:33:50.699 --> 00:33:51.859
 before a

00:33:51.859 --> 00:33:52.240
 word is

00:33:52.240 --> 00:33:52.559
 on my

00:33:52.559 --> 00:33:52.859
 tongue,

00:33:52.959 --> 00:33:53.299
 behold,

00:33:53.480 --> 00:33:53.980
 O Lord,

00:33:54.099 --> 00:33:54.599
 you know

00:33:54.599 --> 00:33:55.619
 it altogether.

00:33:56.799 --> 00:33:57.059
 You

00:33:57.059 --> 00:33:57.319
 hem

00:33:57.319 --> 00:33:57.959
 me in

00:33:57.959 --> 00:33:58.839
 behind

00:33:58.839 --> 00:33:59.559
 and before.

00:33:59.959 --> 00:34:00.039
 You

00:34:00.039 --> 00:34:00.500
 lay

00:34:00.500 --> 00:34:01.000
 your

00:34:01.000 --> 00:34:01.619
 hand

00:34:01.619 --> 00:34:02.439
 upon

00:34:02.439 --> 00:34:02.859
 me.

00:34:04.099 --> 00:34:04.459
 Such

00:34:04.459 --> 00:34:04.919
 knowledge

00:34:04.919 --> 00:34:05.480
 is too

00:34:05.480 --> 00:34:05.919
 wonderful

00:34:05.919 --> 00:34:06.399
 for me.

00:34:06.519 --> 00:34:06.799
 It is

00:34:06.799 --> 00:34:07.240
 high.

00:34:07.619 --> 00:34:07.879
 I

00:34:07.879 --> 00:34:08.380
 cannot

00:34:08.380 --> 00:34:09.360
 attain

00:34:09.360 --> 00:34:09.699
 it.

00:34:10.599 --> 00:34:13.239
 And in

00:34:13.239 --> 00:34:13.559
 light of

00:34:13.559 --> 00:34:13.759
 this

00:34:13.759 --> 00:34:14.279
 knowledge,

00:34:15.539 --> 00:34:16.039
 he

00:34:16.039 --> 00:34:16.920
 responds

00:34:16.920 --> 00:34:18.279
 in the

00:34:18.279 --> 00:34:18.779
 last two

00:34:18.779 --> 00:34:19.179
 verses

00:34:19.179 --> 00:34:20.440
 with this

00:34:20.440 --> 00:34:20.839
 word.

00:34:21.639 --> 00:34:21.960
 Search

00:34:21.960 --> 00:34:22.380
 me,

00:34:22.579 --> 00:34:23.319
 O God,

00:34:23.739 --> 00:34:24.480
 and know

00:34:24.480 --> 00:34:25.199
 my heart.

00:34:25.880 --> 00:34:26.339
 Try

00:34:26.339 --> 00:34:27.779
 me and

00:34:27.779 --> 00:34:28.199
 know

00:34:28.199 --> 00:34:29.279
 my thoughts

00:34:29.279 --> 00:34:30.159
 and see

00:34:30.159 --> 00:34:31.159
 if there

00:34:31.159 --> 00:34:31.880
 be any

00:34:31.880 --> 00:34:32.239
 grievous

00:34:32.239 --> 00:34:32.860
 way in

00:34:32.860 --> 00:34:33.659
 me and

00:34:33.659 --> 00:34:34.480
 lead me

00:34:34.480 --> 00:34:35.179
 in the

00:34:35.179 --> 00:34:35.599
 way

00:34:35.599 --> 00:34:37.360
 everlasting.

00:34:37.360 --> 00:34:37.820
 God

00:34:37.820 --> 00:34:39.360
 is

00:34:39.360 --> 00:34:40.360
 not

00:34:40.360 --> 00:34:41.920
 God

00:34:41.920 --> 00:34:42.240
 what

00:34:42.240 --> 00:34:42.460
 God

00:34:42.460 --> 00:34:42.820
 wants

00:34:42.820 --> 00:34:43.120
 from

00:34:43.120 --> 00:34:43.400
 each

00:34:43.400 --> 00:34:43.519
 of

00:34:43.519 --> 00:34:43.700
 us

00:34:43.700 --> 00:34:44.019
 today?

00:34:44.820 --> 00:34:45.019
 To

00:34:45.019 --> 00:34:45.240
 have

00:34:45.240 --> 00:34:45.460
 that

00:34:45.460 --> 00:34:45.820
 kind

00:34:45.820 --> 00:34:45.960
 of

00:34:45.960 --> 00:34:46.680
 responsiveness

00:34:46.680 --> 00:34:47.039
 to

00:34:47.039 --> 00:34:47.220
 his

00:34:47.220 --> 00:34:47.539
 word?

00:34:48.200 --> 00:34:48.780
 That

00:34:48.780 --> 00:34:49.059
 kind

00:34:49.059 --> 00:34:49.180
 of

00:34:49.180 --> 00:34:49.940
 responsiveness

00:34:49.940 --> 00:34:50.240
 to

00:34:50.240 --> 00:34:50.420
 the

00:34:50.420 --> 00:34:50.760
 word

00:34:50.760 --> 00:34:51.000
 that

00:34:51.000 --> 00:34:51.700
 exposes

00:34:51.700 --> 00:34:52.340
 us?

00:34:54.920 --> 00:34:55.579
 To

00:34:55.579 --> 00:34:55.940
 those

00:34:55.940 --> 00:34:56.120
 who

00:34:56.120 --> 00:34:56.640
 ultimately

00:34:56.640 --> 00:34:57.160
 reject

00:34:57.160 --> 00:34:57.539
 God's

00:34:57.539 --> 00:34:57.860
 word,

00:34:58.240 --> 00:34:58.620
 it

00:34:58.620 --> 00:34:59.180
 becomes

00:34:59.180 --> 00:34:59.420
 a

00:34:59.420 --> 00:34:59.700
 sort

00:34:59.700 --> 00:34:59.860
 of

00:34:59.860 --> 00:35:00.260
 judgment.

00:35:01.320 --> 00:35:01.700
 But

00:35:01.700 --> 00:35:01.860
 to

00:35:01.860 --> 00:35:02.200
 those

00:35:02.200 --> 00:35:02.380
 of

00:35:02.380 --> 00:35:02.700
 us

00:35:02.700 --> 00:35:02.880
 who

00:35:02.880 --> 00:35:03.620
 believe,

00:35:04.420 --> 00:35:04.820
 we

00:35:04.820 --> 00:35:05.200
 have

00:35:05.200 --> 00:35:05.360
 the

00:35:05.360 --> 00:35:05.880
 assurance

00:35:05.880 --> 00:35:06.099
 that

00:35:06.099 --> 00:35:06.360
 God

00:35:06.360 --> 00:35:06.500
 is

00:35:06.500 --> 00:35:06.680
 at

00:35:06.680 --> 00:35:07.059
 work

00:35:07.059 --> 00:35:07.860
 to

00:35:07.860 --> 00:35:08.180
 make

00:35:08.180 --> 00:35:08.640
 us

00:35:08.640 --> 00:35:08.960
 a

00:35:08.960 --> 00:35:09.579
 vibrant,

00:35:10.140 --> 00:35:11.420
 gospel-centered,

00:35:12.140 --> 00:35:13.300
 Christ-exalting,

00:35:13.860 --> 00:35:15.519
 spirit-sanctified

00:35:15.519 --> 00:35:16.260
 church.

00:35:17.360 --> 00:35:18.460
 And it's

00:35:18.460 --> 00:35:19.000
 truly a

00:35:19.000 --> 00:35:19.460
 privilege

00:35:19.460 --> 00:35:21.700
 to see

00:35:21.700 --> 00:35:21.960
 that

00:35:21.960 --> 00:35:22.400
 happening.

00:35:24.619 --> 00:35:25.460
 So

00:35:25.460 --> 00:35:26.160
 in review,

00:35:27.220 --> 00:35:27.740
 let me

00:35:27.740 --> 00:35:28.599
 repeat

00:35:28.599 --> 00:35:29.340
 what I've

00:35:29.340 --> 00:35:31.680
 said

00:35:31.680 --> 00:35:32.019
 are the

00:35:32.019 --> 00:35:32.480
 points,

00:35:32.780 --> 00:35:33.140
 the main

00:35:33.140 --> 00:35:33.740
 points of

00:35:33.740 --> 00:35:34.440
 this passage.

00:35:35.880 --> 00:35:37.079
 God

00:35:37.079 --> 00:35:37.480
 wants

00:35:37.480 --> 00:35:37.720
 you,

00:35:38.599 --> 00:35:39.440
 it's

00:35:39.440 --> 00:35:39.960
 all about

00:35:39.960 --> 00:35:40.579
 response.

00:35:40.780 --> 00:35:40.960
 God

00:35:40.960 --> 00:35:41.380
 wants

00:35:41.380 --> 00:35:41.640
 you

00:35:41.640 --> 00:35:42.000
 to

00:35:42.000 --> 00:35:42.619
 respond

00:35:42.619 --> 00:35:43.539
 appropriately

00:35:43.539 --> 00:35:43.820
 to

00:35:43.820 --> 00:35:44.119
 him

00:35:44.119 --> 00:35:44.800
 in

00:35:44.800 --> 00:35:45.160
 faith.

00:35:46.019 --> 00:35:46.200
 God

00:35:46.200 --> 00:35:46.480
 wants

00:35:46.480 --> 00:35:46.579
 you

00:35:46.579 --> 00:35:46.760
 to

00:35:46.760 --> 00:35:47.200
 believe

00:35:47.200 --> 00:35:47.619
 his

00:35:47.619 --> 00:35:47.960
 word.

00:35:48.740 --> 00:35:48.960
 He

00:35:48.960 --> 00:35:49.200
 wants

00:35:49.200 --> 00:35:49.320
 you

00:35:49.320 --> 00:35:49.480
 to

00:35:49.480 --> 00:35:49.940
 value

00:35:49.940 --> 00:35:51.260
 his

00:35:51.260 --> 00:35:51.539
 word

00:35:51.539 --> 00:35:51.860
 because

00:35:51.860 --> 00:35:52.059
 it

00:35:52.059 --> 00:35:52.200
 is

00:35:52.200 --> 00:35:52.640
 alive.

00:35:53.180 --> 00:35:53.440
 He

00:35:53.440 --> 00:35:53.680
 wants

00:35:53.680 --> 00:35:53.780
 you

00:35:53.780 --> 00:35:53.940
 to

00:35:53.940 --> 00:35:54.400
 value

00:35:54.400 --> 00:35:54.820
 his

00:35:54.820 --> 00:35:55.360
 word

00:35:55.360 --> 00:35:56.079
 because

00:35:56.079 --> 00:35:56.599
 it

00:35:56.599 --> 00:35:56.740
 is

00:35:56.740 --> 00:35:57.240
 effective.

00:35:58.140 --> 00:35:58.460
 And

00:35:58.460 --> 00:35:58.559
 he

00:35:58.559 --> 00:35:58.820
 wants

00:35:58.820 --> 00:35:58.940
 you

00:35:58.940 --> 00:35:59.140
 to

00:35:59.140 --> 00:35:59.660
 value

00:35:59.660 --> 00:36:00.059
 it

00:36:00.059 --> 00:36:01.059
 because

00:36:01.059 --> 00:36:01.860
 valuing

00:36:01.860 --> 00:36:02.039
 the

00:36:02.039 --> 00:36:02.220
 word

00:36:02.220 --> 00:36:02.380
 of

00:36:02.380 --> 00:36:02.720
 God

00:36:02.719 --> 00:36:02.919
 is

00:36:02.919 --> 00:36:03.139
 what

00:36:03.139 --> 00:36:03.339
 you

00:36:03.339 --> 00:36:03.539
 need

00:36:03.539 --> 00:36:03.699
 to

00:36:03.699 --> 00:36:04.019
 do

00:36:04.019 --> 00:36:04.379
 in

00:36:04.379 --> 00:36:04.739
 order

00:36:04.739 --> 00:36:05.439
 to

00:36:05.439 --> 00:36:06.139
 respond

00:36:06.139 --> 00:36:07.059
 in

00:36:07.059 --> 00:36:07.619
 faith.

00:36:10.739 --> 00:36:11.359
 We

00:36:11.359 --> 00:36:12.839
 might

00:36:12.839 --> 00:36:13.259
 say,

00:36:13.459 --> 00:36:13.480
 well,

00:36:13.519 --> 00:36:13.639
 I

00:36:13.639 --> 00:36:13.959
 believe

00:36:13.959 --> 00:36:14.139
 in

00:36:14.139 --> 00:36:14.579
 God,

00:36:14.759 --> 00:36:14.939
 but

00:36:14.939 --> 00:36:15.779
 there's

00:36:15.779 --> 00:36:15.980
 some

00:36:15.980 --> 00:36:16.339
 things

00:36:16.339 --> 00:36:16.539
 that

00:36:16.539 --> 00:36:16.739
 I

00:36:16.739 --> 00:36:17.379
 just

00:36:17.379 --> 00:36:19.039
 not

00:36:19.039 --> 00:36:19.439
 sure

00:36:19.439 --> 00:36:19.779
 of

00:36:19.779 --> 00:36:19.980
 in

00:36:19.980 --> 00:36:20.099
 the

00:36:20.099 --> 00:36:20.419
 Bible.

00:36:22.739 --> 00:36:23.339
 And

00:36:23.339 --> 00:36:23.459
 we

00:36:23.459 --> 00:36:23.619
 can

00:36:23.619 --> 00:36:23.919
 listen

00:36:23.919 --> 00:36:24.159
 to

00:36:24.159 --> 00:36:24.299
 the

00:36:24.299 --> 00:36:24.619
 culture

00:36:24.619 --> 00:36:25.039
 around

00:36:25.039 --> 00:36:25.439
 us.

00:36:27.219 --> 00:36:27.819
 And

00:36:27.819 --> 00:36:27.919
 we

00:36:27.919 --> 00:36:28.099
 can

00:36:28.099 --> 00:36:28.719
 hear

00:36:28.719 --> 00:36:28.980
 what

00:36:28.980 --> 00:36:29.159
 they're

00:36:29.159 --> 00:36:29.759
 saying

00:36:29.760 --> 00:36:30.360
 about

00:36:30.360 --> 00:36:30.760
 different

00:36:30.760 --> 00:36:31.500
 issues.

00:36:33.140 --> 00:36:33.760
 And

00:36:33.760 --> 00:36:33.860
 we

00:36:33.860 --> 00:36:33.980
 have

00:36:33.980 --> 00:36:34.120
 a

00:36:34.120 --> 00:36:34.620
 choice

00:36:34.620 --> 00:36:35.700
 when

00:36:35.700 --> 00:36:35.860
 we

00:36:35.860 --> 00:36:36.080
 see

00:36:36.080 --> 00:36:36.340
 that

00:36:36.340 --> 00:36:36.920
 comparison.

00:36:38.960 --> 00:36:39.420
 Where

00:36:39.420 --> 00:36:40.140
 do

00:36:40.140 --> 00:36:40.320
 you

00:36:40.320 --> 00:36:40.600
 put

00:36:40.600 --> 00:36:40.800
 your

00:36:40.800 --> 00:36:41.340
 trust

00:36:41.340 --> 00:36:42.140
 first?

00:36:43.400 --> 00:36:43.840
 No

00:36:43.840 --> 00:36:44.000
 matter

00:36:44.000 --> 00:36:44.440
 how

00:36:44.440 --> 00:36:44.900
 well

00:36:44.900 --> 00:36:45.720
 reasoned

00:36:45.720 --> 00:36:46.140
 the

00:36:46.140 --> 00:36:46.640
 arguments

00:36:46.640 --> 00:36:47.260
 are

00:36:47.260 --> 00:36:50.260
 about

00:36:50.260 --> 00:36:51.140
 marriage,

00:36:51.400 --> 00:36:51.620
 about

00:36:51.620 --> 00:36:52.400
 life,

00:36:52.520 --> 00:36:52.720
 about

00:36:52.720 --> 00:36:53.240
 children,

00:36:53.440 --> 00:36:53.660
 about

00:36:53.660 --> 00:36:54.420
 sexuality,

00:36:55.480 --> 00:36:55.780
 about

00:36:55.780 --> 00:36:57.560
 human

00:36:57.560 --> 00:36:58.160
 preference,

00:36:58.300 --> 00:36:58.520
 about

00:36:58.520 --> 00:36:59.100
 life.

00:36:59.760 --> 00:37:00.040
 In

00:37:00.040 --> 00:37:00.200
 the

00:37:00.200 --> 00:37:00.580
 womb,

00:37:02.040 --> 00:37:02.440
 where

00:37:02.440 --> 00:37:02.820
 do

00:37:02.820 --> 00:37:03.120
 you

00:37:03.120 --> 00:37:04.000
 place

00:37:04.000 --> 00:37:04.220
 your

00:37:04.220 --> 00:37:04.740
 trust?

00:37:06.400 --> 00:37:06.820
 To

00:37:06.820 --> 00:37:07.260
 respond

00:37:07.260 --> 00:37:07.960
 appropriately

00:37:07.960 --> 00:37:08.740
 means to

00:37:08.740 --> 00:37:09.580
 trust what

00:37:09.580 --> 00:37:10.040
 God is

00:37:10.040 --> 00:37:10.520
 saying to

00:37:10.520 --> 00:37:11.020
 you now.

00:37:11.900 --> 00:37:12.380
 Today,

00:37:12.620 --> 00:37:12.820
 if you

00:37:12.820 --> 00:37:13.220
 hear his

00:37:13.220 --> 00:37:13.560
 voice,

00:37:13.640 --> 00:37:13.860
 still

00:37:13.860 --> 00:37:14.540
 applies.

00:37:15.420 --> 00:37:15.580
 And

00:37:15.580 --> 00:37:15.900
 the only

00:37:15.900 --> 00:37:16.220
 right

00:37:16.220 --> 00:37:16.820
 choice is

00:37:16.820 --> 00:37:17.300
 to humble

00:37:17.300 --> 00:37:17.800
 yourself

00:37:17.800 --> 00:37:18.240
 before

00:37:18.240 --> 00:37:18.740
 God's

00:37:18.740 --> 00:37:19.360
 exposing

00:37:19.360 --> 00:37:20.060
 sword.

00:37:21.440 --> 00:37:21.900
 Trust

00:37:21.900 --> 00:37:22.100
 in

00:37:22.100 --> 00:37:22.620
 Christ's

00:37:22.620 --> 00:37:23.040
 work on

00:37:23.040 --> 00:37:23.180
 your

00:37:23.180 --> 00:37:23.600
 behalf.

00:37:24.440 --> 00:37:24.820
 Trust

00:37:24.820 --> 00:37:25.060
 in

00:37:25.060 --> 00:37:25.220
 his

00:37:25.220 --> 00:37:25.760
 ongoing

00:37:25.760 --> 00:37:26.220
 work

00:37:26.220 --> 00:37:26.460
 to

00:37:26.460 --> 00:37:26.960
 conform

00:37:26.960 --> 00:37:27.340
 you

00:37:27.340 --> 00:37:27.560
 into

00:37:27.560 --> 00:37:27.820
 his

00:37:27.820 --> 00:37:28.300
 image.

00:37:28.300 --> 00:37:29.200
 and

00:37:29.200 --> 00:37:29.840
 trust

00:37:29.840 --> 00:37:30.280
 in

00:37:30.280 --> 00:37:30.440
 his

00:37:30.440 --> 00:37:30.920
 word

00:37:30.920 --> 00:37:31.620
 to

00:37:31.620 --> 00:37:31.760
 be

00:37:31.760 --> 00:37:32.260
 effective

00:37:32.260 --> 00:37:33.080
 in

00:37:33.080 --> 00:37:33.240
 your

00:37:33.240 --> 00:37:33.660
 life.