WEBVTT

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 Good morning.

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 We open us up in a word of prayer, and then we'll begin.

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 Our Father in Heaven, O Lord, as we read your word today,

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 Lord, give us eyes to see and ears to hear.

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 Incline our hearts to your testimonies.

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 Revive us again as we look to your word.

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 Open our eyes, open our minds to see wondrous things in your word, Lord.

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 For yours is the kingdom, the power, and the glory forever and ever. Amen.

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 For yours is the kingdom, the power, and the glory forever and ever. Amen.

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 Familiar words.

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 So Jesus taught us to pray.

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 And Jesus taught us to live by first seeking that kingdom before anything else.

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 Jesus told Herod, my kingdom is not of this world.

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 We know a lot about this kingdom.

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 The New Testament says a lot about this kingdom.

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 And God's kingdom isn't just one of the many themes running through the Bible.

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 Therefore, the kingdom lies just beneath the surface of almost every passage in every book in the Bible.

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 So as a church, right now, we're going through the book of Philippians.

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 And what does Paul tell the church at Philippi?

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 He says, you are a citizen of God's kingdom.

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 Your allegiance lies into God's kingdom, not Rome, to God's.

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 So the thread of the kingdom can be seen from Adam to Abraham.

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 From Abraham to Moses.

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 Moses to David through the Psalms.

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 To Isaiah.

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 To Nehemiah.

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 And eventually to Jesus, his church.

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 And eventually to the point where Christ reigns with his people forever and ever.

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 In the new heavens and the new earth.

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 That thread of the kingdom runs straight through from the narrative from Genesis to Revelation.

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 And as we said last week, it is both true that the Bible has one author and multiple authors at the same time.

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 Since there is only one author, the divine author,

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 the Bible has a single coherent plot line that is centered on Christ, as we discussed.

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 So a caveat, I don't mean to say the kingdom of God is the center of all biblical theology.

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 I only mean that the kingdom is going to be the means by which the story will advance from Genesis to Revelation.

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 And by the end of this series, my hope is, as we look at a lot of the themes in the Bible

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 and how they run through the thread, the narrative,

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 that you can drop into any point within the scriptures and know where you are in the storyline.

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 So that's my hope and my prayer.

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 So to understand the kingdom, before we get started,

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 and we talked about the systematic versus biblical theology last week,

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 to understand the kingdom, we have to understand the idea of a covenant.

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 The Bible uses the term covenant throughout the Bible.

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 What is a covenant?

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 So this class is called The Kingdom Through the Covenant.

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 And by the way, there's a great book about this, if you're interested in learning more,

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 by authors Stephen Wellam and Peter Gentry.

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 Their book is called The Kingdom Through the Covenant.

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 So it's a fantastic book.

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 So what is a covenant exactly, and how does it relate to the kingdom?

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 So today, we typically think of covenants as dry, legal relationships.

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 So if you have a mortgage, you may have covenanted with the bank to make those payments on time.

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 First of the month.

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 You've entered into a covenant.

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 But in the Bible, covenants are different.

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 They're different.

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 They are bonds of life and death out of love.

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 So the word lovenant would be a great word to describe this kind of relationship in the English language.

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 But alas, we're stuck with the word covenant.

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 So covenants are bonds of life and death.

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 And that's the idea of a covenant the Bible presents to us.

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 And when I say the theme of the kingdom of God,

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 what do I mean when I say kingdom of God?

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 So eight words to define the kingdom of God.

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 God's people and God's place under God's rule.

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 That's how Graham Goldworthy described the kingdom of God.

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 The kingdom is the place where God as king rules over his people.

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 And so by tracing, as Stephen, Wellam, and Gentry know,

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 the covenant is the entire backbone of the entire storyline of the scripture.

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 So it's important we get our arms around this idea of covenant and kingdom.

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 So in fact, many Christians across the centuries have made the idea of a covenant

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 the organizing principle by which the Bible is cemented together.

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 So we say the Bible has two testaments, right?

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 The Old Testament and the New Testament.

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 But that can easily be translated as the old covenant of God's kingdom

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 and the new covenant of God's kingdom.

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 And so by tracing that trajectory from its conception to its consummation

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 in the new heavens and new earth,

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 we'll begin to see how the Bible really is one grand story centered on Christ.

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 And so I hope this class helps us to read our Bibles better,

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 but also for us to reflect on the majesty and beauty of the biblical message.

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 So let's jump right in.

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 Turn to Genesis 1.1.

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 In the beginning, God created the heavens and the earth.

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 Verse 3,

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 And God said,

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 Let there be light.

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 And there was light.

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 Ten times in this opening chapter of Genesis 1,

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 we read,

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 And God said,

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 and it was so.

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 So we see God speaks as a king.

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 And his lordship is on full display.

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 The king and the author of creation

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 has authority over his creation.

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 And so while it is true that God alone is the ultimate king,

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 God portrays Adam,

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 the first person bearing his image,

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 as a king.

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 Look at verse 26.

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 This is the pattern of the kingdom of God.

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 Then God said,

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 Let us make man in our image,

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 after our likeness,

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 and let them have dominion over the fish of the sea,

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 and over the birds of the heavens,

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 and over the livestock,

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 and over all the earth,

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 and over every creeping thing that creeps on the earth.

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 So God created man in his own image.

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 In the image of God,

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 he created him.

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 Male and female,

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 he created them.

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 So kingship to Adam

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 is at the heart of the commission

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 that God gives to Adam and Eve.

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 They are granted dominion

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 over animal life on the earth.

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 So the language of being given dominion

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 means God has appointed humans

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 as his vice regents.

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 Vice regents.

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 So just like the vice president

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 acts on behalf of the president,

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 Adam and Eve act as the vice regents

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 on behalf of the king in creation.

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 And in the creation mandate,

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 in verse 28,

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 Adam and Eve were to be fruitful

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 and multiply and fill the earth

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 and thus spread God's own dominion

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 outside the boundaries of the Garden of Eden

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 so that it reached the furthest points of creation.

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 God reigned over his creation

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 in and through the partnership

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 of Adam and Eve together.

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 So the kingdom of God

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 in the garden would spread.

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 And later in the Bible,

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 God even calls Adam a son.

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 So he's royalty.

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 Right?

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 Luke 3 tells us that.

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 And so,

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 think about the dignity

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 of all people created

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 in the image of God here.

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 The Imago Dei.

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 And this is scandalous, friends.

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 When Moses wrote this,

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 only Pharaoh would ever claim

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 to be made in the image of king.

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 Right?

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 So imagine how the Israelites

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 would have felt

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 after years of being slaves in Egypt

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 that they too were created

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 in the image of the creator God.

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 So friends,

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 Adam and Eve

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 had an exalted position in creation

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 as all human beings do.

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 Right?

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 And the Garden of Eden

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 where God places them

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 is significant.

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 The garden is portrayed

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 as a microcosm

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 of the blessing God intended

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 for the whole earth.

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 So Eden,

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 we can say,

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 is the center

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 for the world's blessing

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 reflected in the depiction

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 of four rivers

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 flowing from the garden

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 in chapters 2,

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 verses 10 to 14.

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 So in that blessing

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 would extend

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 the ends of the earth

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 as Adam and Eve

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 were fruitful

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 and multiplied

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 and populated the earth

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 with image bearers.

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 So the kingdom of God

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 would bring blessing.

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 So this is paradise.

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 This is God's kingdom.

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 And then disaster strikes.

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 Right?

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 In Genesis 3.

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 A disaster strikes.

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 Adam and Eve

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 reject God's rule

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 through that serpent's deception.

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 The first great conflict

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 in the story

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 emerges at this point.

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 Has the kingdom perished?

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 Has the kingdom perished?

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 Sin jeopardized

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 God's divine plan

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 to bless the world,

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 but was it eradicated

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 by human rebellion?

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 So in the first few chapters,

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 we see that

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 although sin had entered

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 the world through Adam,

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 God's sovereign plan

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 was not abandoned.

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 So surprisingly,

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 I think the reader

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 would be surprised

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 at this point,

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 and very unexpectedly,

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 the plot thickens.

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 The plot thickens.

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 Genesis 3.15

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 is that first musical note

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 of God's redemptive intention

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 in this grand symphony

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 of the Bible.

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 Following the fall,

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 God says this,

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 I will put enmity

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 between you and the woman

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 and between your offspring

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 and her offspring.

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 He shall bruise your head

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 and you shall bruise his heel.

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 Sometimes called

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 the proto-evangelion.

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 Proto-first evangelion

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 is the gospel.

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 The first gospel promise

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 in the Bible.

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 God did not destroy them,

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 but he promised a savior.

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 Surprising.

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 So the author here

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 is foreshadowing a solution

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 to solve the problem

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 of sin.

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 To solve the problem

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 of this conflict

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 by providing a savior.

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 God is going to rebuild

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 his kingdom

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 that had been destroyed

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 by sin

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 through this offspring

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 promised to Adam and Eve.

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 God will do something

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 in the history of Israel

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 that has its genesis

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 in this promise

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 given in Eden.

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 So Adam's temptation

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 in the garden

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 should make us think

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 of temptation

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 in another garden.

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 Jesus in the garden

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 of Gethsemane.

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 Both Adam and Jesus

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 faced temptation,

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 but only one was faithful.

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 The original Adam

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 wilted under temptation

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 of eating the forbidden fruit.

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 But in another garden,

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 Jesus,

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 the last Adam,

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 overcame temptation.

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 Adam's choice

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 to sin

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 by rejecting God

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 had the potential

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 of bringing condemnation

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 and death

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 to everyone.

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 But in the garden

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 of Gethsemane,

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 Christ's decision

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 to die for sins

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 brought life.

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 Adam disobeyed

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 God's will

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 by eating of the tree,

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 whereas Jesus submitted

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 to the Father's will

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 by going to the cross

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 and being nailed

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 to a tree.

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 So in biblical theology,

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 as we discussed

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 last week,

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 this is known

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 as typology.

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 Typology.

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 Adam is the type.

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 Christ is the antitype,

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 the fulfillment.

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 So are we being clever

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 in making this comparison?

00:12:17.100 --> 00:12:17.659
 No, rather,

00:12:17.860 --> 00:12:18.720
 Paul makes his connection

00:12:18.720 --> 00:12:19.360
 for us

00:12:19.360 --> 00:12:20.759
 in Romans 5,

00:12:20.819 --> 00:12:21.399
 verse 14.

00:12:21.759 --> 00:12:23.139
 He uses the word type

00:12:23.139 --> 00:12:25.039
 to describe Adam

00:12:25.039 --> 00:12:25.580
 and the one

00:12:25.580 --> 00:12:26.179
 who is to come,

00:12:26.279 --> 00:12:26.600
 Christ.

00:12:26.600 --> 00:12:28.659
 So Paul is comparing

00:12:28.659 --> 00:12:29.399
 the two for us,

00:12:29.480 --> 00:12:30.259
 but he's also knowing

00:12:30.259 --> 00:12:30.759
 the differences

00:12:30.759 --> 00:12:31.879
 between Adam and Christ.

00:12:33.080 --> 00:12:33.899
 So in reading

00:12:33.899 --> 00:12:34.860
 the Bible canonically,

00:12:35.279 --> 00:12:36.460
 we can say the scene

00:12:36.460 --> 00:12:36.960
 in the garden

00:12:36.960 --> 00:12:37.659
 in Genesis

00:12:37.659 --> 00:12:39.440
 is anticipating Christ.

00:12:40.139 --> 00:12:41.300
 That's biblical theology.

00:12:41.460 --> 00:12:42.259
 According to Paul,

00:12:42.600 --> 00:12:44.100
 Christ is the second Adam.

00:12:46.019 --> 00:12:47.300
 So just a sidebar

00:12:47.300 --> 00:12:48.220
 conference here.

00:12:48.580 --> 00:12:50.440
 There's a question

00:12:50.440 --> 00:12:51.680
 that many have

00:12:51.680 --> 00:12:52.720
 about whether God

00:12:52.720 --> 00:12:53.980
 made a conditional

00:12:53.980 --> 00:12:54.899
 covenant with Adam.

00:12:54.899 --> 00:12:57.279
 was there a covenant

00:12:57.279 --> 00:12:58.299
 with Adam in the garden?

00:12:59.659 --> 00:13:00.699
 And I would say,

00:13:00.759 --> 00:13:01.679
 I think there's good reason

00:13:01.679 --> 00:13:02.279
 to believe

00:13:02.279 --> 00:13:03.419
 there is a covenant,

00:13:03.620 --> 00:13:04.480
 but people differ on this.

00:13:05.840 --> 00:13:07.179
 So the argument

00:13:07.179 --> 00:13:08.559
 for why there is a covenant

00:13:08.559 --> 00:13:09.399
 pretty much is,

00:13:09.480 --> 00:13:09.579
 look,

00:13:09.639 --> 00:13:10.799
 if it quacks like a duck

00:13:10.799 --> 00:13:12.139
 and it smells like a duck,

00:13:12.179 --> 00:13:12.779
 it looks like a duck,

00:13:13.139 --> 00:13:13.340
 well,

00:13:13.379 --> 00:13:14.139
 it's probably a duck then.

00:13:14.819 --> 00:13:16.360
 So people say

00:13:16.360 --> 00:13:16.919
 there's a covenant

00:13:16.919 --> 00:13:17.659
 with Adam

00:13:17.659 --> 00:13:19.419
 because there are

00:13:19.419 --> 00:13:20.460
 binding promises

00:13:20.460 --> 00:13:21.579
 between two parties.

00:13:21.580 --> 00:13:23.340
 God would establish

00:13:23.340 --> 00:13:23.920
 Adam and Eve

00:13:23.920 --> 00:13:24.480
 in the garden

00:13:24.480 --> 00:13:25.700
 if they obeyed the Lord.

00:13:26.300 --> 00:13:27.379
 But they would be cursed

00:13:27.379 --> 00:13:28.420
 if they transgressed

00:13:28.420 --> 00:13:28.840
 the command

00:13:28.840 --> 00:13:29.780
 to not eat

00:13:29.780 --> 00:13:30.259
 of the tree

00:13:30.259 --> 00:13:30.800
 of the life

00:13:30.800 --> 00:13:32.440
 of good and evil.

00:13:33.400 --> 00:13:34.720
 So there are covenant blessings

00:13:34.720 --> 00:13:35.720
 and covenant curses.

00:13:37.100 --> 00:13:38.680
 So the account

00:13:38.680 --> 00:13:39.500
 has all the elements

00:13:39.500 --> 00:13:40.000
 of a covenant

00:13:40.000 --> 00:13:40.700
 except officially

00:13:40.700 --> 00:13:41.379
 calling it one.

00:13:42.639 --> 00:13:43.740
 So one more reason

00:13:43.740 --> 00:13:45.220
 that people think

00:13:45.220 --> 00:13:45.960
 there's a covenant here

00:13:45.960 --> 00:13:47.980
 is the prophets

00:13:47.980 --> 00:13:48.980
 sometimes are called

00:13:48.980 --> 00:13:50.300
 the covenant prosecutors.

00:13:50.299 --> 00:13:53.000
 So like a prosecutor

00:13:53.000 --> 00:13:53.719
 in a courtroom,

00:13:54.459 --> 00:13:55.279
 the prophets lay out

00:13:55.279 --> 00:13:56.339
 a case of why

00:13:56.339 --> 00:13:57.099
 Israel has failed

00:13:57.099 --> 00:13:57.959
 to keep its commitments

00:13:57.959 --> 00:13:58.459
 in the covenant.

00:13:59.179 --> 00:14:00.959
 And Hosea does this

00:14:00.959 --> 00:14:02.339
 and compares Israel

00:14:02.339 --> 00:14:02.859
 to Adam

00:14:02.859 --> 00:14:04.139
 in transgressing

00:14:04.139 --> 00:14:04.679
 its covenant

00:14:04.679 --> 00:14:05.219
 to the Lord.

00:14:07.179 --> 00:14:07.620
 So however,

00:14:07.740 --> 00:14:08.199
 people find

00:14:08.199 --> 00:14:09.399
 the reason why people

00:14:09.399 --> 00:14:10.159
 don't think

00:14:10.159 --> 00:14:10.740
 there's a covenant here

00:14:10.740 --> 00:14:11.559
 is because nowhere

00:14:11.559 --> 00:14:12.240
 in Genesis

00:14:12.240 --> 00:14:13.259
 is the word covenant used.

00:14:13.899 --> 00:14:14.799
 And there's no covenant

00:14:14.799 --> 00:14:15.359
 ceremony

00:14:15.359 --> 00:14:17.099
 which is a weakness.

00:14:17.759 --> 00:14:18.519
 You'd expect to see

00:14:18.519 --> 00:14:19.539
 a covenant ceremony here.

00:14:19.539 --> 00:14:20.759
 But there's not.

00:14:21.579 --> 00:14:23.059
 So why does it even matter

00:14:23.059 --> 00:14:24.120
 why am I bringing this up?

00:14:25.519 --> 00:14:26.000
 Because,

00:14:26.279 --> 00:14:26.919
 and this is using

00:14:26.919 --> 00:14:28.539
 the tool of continuity,

00:14:29.419 --> 00:14:30.939
 it helps us to understand

00:14:30.939 --> 00:14:31.559
 our redemption.

00:14:32.659 --> 00:14:33.500
 Theologians will say

00:14:33.500 --> 00:14:34.559
 the covenant with Adam,

00:14:35.439 --> 00:14:36.059
 they will call it

00:14:36.059 --> 00:14:37.000
 the covenant of works,

00:14:38.120 --> 00:14:40.779
 puts Christ's active obedience

00:14:40.779 --> 00:14:41.639
 into perspective.

00:14:42.419 --> 00:14:43.279
 His active obedience.

00:14:43.279 --> 00:14:43.959
 So,

00:14:43.959 --> 00:14:45.240
 Paul makes clear

00:14:45.240 --> 00:14:46.139
 in Romans 5,

00:14:46.539 --> 00:14:47.819
 both Adam and Christ

00:14:47.819 --> 00:14:49.539
 stand in covenant relation

00:14:49.539 --> 00:14:50.199
 to humanity.

00:14:50.939 --> 00:14:51.100
 Right?

00:14:51.559 --> 00:14:52.759
 We are either in Adam

00:14:52.759 --> 00:14:54.000
 or in Christ.

00:14:54.679 --> 00:14:56.019
 And when Christ comes

00:14:56.019 --> 00:14:57.019
 as a second Adam,

00:14:57.679 --> 00:14:59.120
 Christ is keeping the covenant

00:14:59.120 --> 00:15:00.939
 that Adam failed to keep.

00:15:01.679 --> 00:15:02.579
 So in that respect,

00:15:02.799 --> 00:15:04.259
 Christ is the covenant keeper

00:15:04.259 --> 00:15:05.360
 for a new humanity.

00:15:05.360 --> 00:15:08.600
 And God means to always

00:15:08.600 --> 00:15:10.120
 relate to his people

00:15:10.120 --> 00:15:11.120
 through their obedience.

00:15:12.120 --> 00:15:12.460
 Right?

00:15:12.519 --> 00:15:13.759
 But we know even in paradise,

00:15:14.080 --> 00:15:15.480
 human beings in ourselves

00:15:15.480 --> 00:15:16.620
 are unable to maintain

00:15:16.620 --> 00:15:17.600
 that perfect obedience

00:15:17.600 --> 00:15:18.419
 that God requires.

00:15:18.580 --> 00:15:19.419
 Even in paradise,

00:15:19.539 --> 00:15:20.100
 we can't obey.

00:15:21.080 --> 00:15:22.519
 And God's good law

00:15:22.519 --> 00:15:23.139
 commands us,

00:15:23.200 --> 00:15:23.980
 but we're unable

00:15:23.980 --> 00:15:26.240
 to obey it ourselves.

00:15:27.200 --> 00:15:28.779
 So Christ did this perfectly

00:15:28.779 --> 00:15:29.740
 on our behalf.

00:15:30.180 --> 00:15:31.440
 He fulfilled the covenant

00:15:31.440 --> 00:15:32.080
 of works,

00:15:32.240 --> 00:15:33.279
 theologians will say.

00:15:33.679 --> 00:15:33.939
 However,

00:15:34.019 --> 00:15:34.919
 if you're a dispensationalist,

00:15:34.959 --> 00:15:35.959
 you see these in a different way.

00:15:36.319 --> 00:15:37.319
 So a dispensationalist

00:15:37.319 --> 00:15:38.519
 sees a lot of discontinuity

00:15:38.519 --> 00:15:39.600
 like we talked about last week.

00:15:40.199 --> 00:15:41.439
 And so biblical history

00:15:41.439 --> 00:15:42.220
 is thus divided

00:15:42.220 --> 00:15:43.279
 into dispensations.

00:15:43.919 --> 00:15:44.500
 And they would say

00:15:44.500 --> 00:15:45.439
 that in Adam,

00:15:45.559 --> 00:15:46.740
 it's a dispensation of,

00:15:46.860 --> 00:15:47.659
 usually it's called innocence.

00:15:48.659 --> 00:15:50.179
 And that was very short-lived

00:15:50.179 --> 00:15:51.279
 because Adam and Eve

00:15:51.279 --> 00:15:52.639
 failed pretty quickly.

00:15:53.419 --> 00:15:55.240
 So getting back

00:15:55.240 --> 00:15:56.039
 to the story in Genesis.

00:15:57.799 --> 00:15:58.699
 Adam and Eve fell.

00:16:00.019 --> 00:16:01.279
 And as the story unfolds,

00:16:01.279 --> 00:16:01.919
 unfolds,

00:16:02.360 --> 00:16:03.860
 the horrific consequences

00:16:03.860 --> 00:16:05.319
 of Adam and Eve's sin

00:16:05.319 --> 00:16:06.559
 become evident very quickly.

00:16:07.379 --> 00:16:08.959
 So Genesis 6, verse 5,

00:16:09.419 --> 00:16:10.699
 the Lord saw

00:16:10.699 --> 00:16:11.819
 that the wickedness of man

00:16:11.819 --> 00:16:12.799
 was great in the earth

00:16:12.799 --> 00:16:14.220
 and that every intention

00:16:14.220 --> 00:16:15.699
 of the thoughts of his heart

00:16:15.699 --> 00:16:17.019
 was only evil continually.

00:16:18.079 --> 00:16:19.019
 So by the time of Noah,

00:16:19.399 --> 00:16:21.139
 there were only eight righteous people

00:16:21.139 --> 00:16:22.079
 in the entire world.

00:16:22.699 --> 00:16:23.240
 Only eight.

00:16:24.079 --> 00:16:24.679
 So if you think about

00:16:24.679 --> 00:16:25.519
 living in today's day

00:16:25.519 --> 00:16:26.139
 and age is bad,

00:16:26.740 --> 00:16:27.000
 friends,

00:16:27.100 --> 00:16:27.939
 think about how bad

00:16:27.939 --> 00:16:28.919
 it got in Noah's day.

00:16:28.919 --> 00:16:31.099
 There were only eight people

00:16:31.099 --> 00:16:32.219
 in the entire world

00:16:32.219 --> 00:16:33.219
 that followed God.

00:16:34.179 --> 00:16:34.860
 There were more than

00:16:34.860 --> 00:16:35.740
 eight people in this room.

00:16:35.860 --> 00:16:36.719
 Praise the Lord.

00:16:37.019 --> 00:16:37.779
 And of course,

00:16:37.839 --> 00:16:38.559
 we have the Holy Spirit.

00:16:39.439 --> 00:16:40.579
 But God is not taken

00:16:40.579 --> 00:16:41.279
 by surprise,

00:16:41.419 --> 00:16:41.659
 friends,

00:16:41.740 --> 00:16:42.860
 by an entire culture

00:16:42.860 --> 00:16:43.860
 and even an entire world

00:16:43.860 --> 00:16:44.559
 that reject him.

00:16:46.439 --> 00:16:48.079
 So I'm thinking about

00:16:48.079 --> 00:16:48.579
 Noah's day.

00:16:48.740 --> 00:16:49.360
 It must have been hard.

00:16:49.539 --> 00:16:49.679
 I mean,

00:16:49.779 --> 00:16:51.199
 your only family

00:16:51.199 --> 00:16:52.419
 is the only people

00:16:52.419 --> 00:16:53.319
 that follow Christ

00:16:53.319 --> 00:16:55.459
 or follow God as king.

00:16:55.460 --> 00:16:57.960
 So in Noah's day,

00:16:58.040 --> 00:16:58.720
 the promise

00:16:58.720 --> 00:16:59.879
 of redemption

00:16:59.879 --> 00:17:00.620
 of the offspring

00:17:00.620 --> 00:17:01.160
 of the woman

00:17:01.160 --> 00:17:02.060
 was a distant memory.

00:17:02.720 --> 00:17:03.500
 Barely remembered.

00:17:03.980 --> 00:17:05.500
 A dream within a dream.

00:17:06.600 --> 00:17:07.640
 But God would not

00:17:07.640 --> 00:17:08.579
 wipe out everyone.

00:17:09.120 --> 00:17:09.380
 Why?

00:17:09.980 --> 00:17:10.920
 Because the promise

00:17:10.920 --> 00:17:12.180
 God made in Genesis 3.

00:17:13.299 --> 00:17:13.420
 Right?

00:17:13.700 --> 00:17:15.259
 Noah is in the line

00:17:15.259 --> 00:17:16.299
 of the promised offspring

00:17:16.299 --> 00:17:16.880
 of Eve.

00:17:17.500 --> 00:17:18.519
 The human race

00:17:18.519 --> 00:17:19.259
 would not again

00:17:19.259 --> 00:17:20.079
 be annihilated

00:17:20.079 --> 00:17:21.299
 until the plan

00:17:21.299 --> 00:17:21.799
 of redemption

00:17:21.799 --> 00:17:22.600
 through the offspring

00:17:22.600 --> 00:17:23.120
 of the woman

00:17:23.120 --> 00:17:24.019
 was fulfilled.

00:17:24.019 --> 00:17:26.039
 And God promises this

00:17:26.039 --> 00:17:27.079
 in the Noahic covenant

00:17:27.079 --> 00:17:28.279
 in Genesis 9, verse 8.

00:17:29.859 --> 00:17:31.180
 Then God said to Noah

00:17:31.180 --> 00:17:32.079
 and to his sons

00:17:32.079 --> 00:17:33.200
 with him,

00:17:33.700 --> 00:17:34.539
 I now establish

00:17:34.539 --> 00:17:35.480
 my covenant with you

00:17:35.480 --> 00:17:36.359
 and with all your

00:17:36.359 --> 00:17:37.700
 descendants after you.

00:17:38.000 --> 00:17:39.039
 I will establish

00:17:39.039 --> 00:17:40.039
 my covenant with you.

00:17:40.779 --> 00:17:41.480
 Never again

00:17:41.480 --> 00:17:42.480
 will all life

00:17:42.480 --> 00:17:43.019
 be destroyed

00:17:43.019 --> 00:17:43.660
 by the waters

00:17:43.660 --> 00:17:44.180
 of a flood.

00:17:44.720 --> 00:17:45.359
 Never again

00:17:45.359 --> 00:17:46.500
 will there be a flood

00:17:46.500 --> 00:17:47.359
 to destroy the earth.

00:17:47.839 --> 00:17:49.079
 I have set my rainbow

00:17:49.079 --> 00:17:49.839
 in the clouds

00:17:49.839 --> 00:17:51.379
 and it will be the sign

00:17:51.379 --> 00:17:51.859
 of the covenant

00:17:51.859 --> 00:17:52.900
 between me and the earth.

00:17:52.900 --> 00:17:54.420
 So covenants

00:17:54.420 --> 00:17:55.420
 always have a sign.

00:17:56.600 --> 00:17:57.560
 This one is the rainbow.

00:17:58.240 --> 00:17:59.519
 God's bow of war

00:17:59.519 --> 00:18:00.280
 set down.

00:18:00.880 --> 00:18:01.360
 So the Hebrew

00:18:01.360 --> 00:18:02.040
 root for rainbow

00:18:02.040 --> 00:18:03.780
 and bow as an archery

00:18:03.780 --> 00:18:04.460
 are the same word.

00:18:05.420 --> 00:18:06.019
 So when you see

00:18:06.019 --> 00:18:06.519
 the rainbow,

00:18:07.620 --> 00:18:08.220
 it's a reminder

00:18:08.220 --> 00:18:08.840
 that God

00:18:08.840 --> 00:18:09.500
 will withhold

00:18:09.500 --> 00:18:10.100
 his judgment.

00:18:11.140 --> 00:18:11.759
 So this covenant

00:18:11.759 --> 00:18:13.019
 is not directly tied up

00:18:13.019 --> 00:18:14.920
 to God's plan

00:18:14.920 --> 00:18:15.440
 of redemption

00:18:15.440 --> 00:18:16.460
 in Genesis 3.

00:18:17.140 --> 00:18:17.519
 However,

00:18:17.519 --> 00:18:18.340
 it did preserve

00:18:18.340 --> 00:18:19.280
 the created order

00:18:19.280 --> 00:18:20.780
 long enough

00:18:20.780 --> 00:18:21.300
 for that plan

00:18:21.300 --> 00:18:21.740
 of redemption

00:18:21.740 --> 00:18:22.819
 to come to pass.

00:18:24.180 --> 00:18:25.019
 It also shows,

00:18:25.160 --> 00:18:25.460
 I think,

00:18:25.519 --> 00:18:26.259
 God is committed

00:18:26.259 --> 00:18:27.559
 to his creation

00:18:27.559 --> 00:18:29.140
 and anticipating

00:18:29.140 --> 00:18:29.779
 the new heavens

00:18:29.779 --> 00:18:30.400
 and the new earth

00:18:30.400 --> 00:18:31.079
 where God will

00:18:31.079 --> 00:18:31.900
 eventually restore

00:18:31.900 --> 00:18:32.519
 his creation.

00:18:34.200 --> 00:18:34.819
 But even after

00:18:34.819 --> 00:18:35.319
 the flood,

00:18:36.220 --> 00:18:37.220
 the fundamental

00:18:37.220 --> 00:18:38.180
 problem with human

00:18:38.180 --> 00:18:39.180
 beings was not solved.

00:18:40.039 --> 00:18:40.940
 The Tower of Babel

00:18:40.940 --> 00:18:41.940
 illustrates that

00:18:41.940 --> 00:18:42.460
 the human heart

00:18:42.460 --> 00:18:43.420
 had not changed at all.

00:18:44.240 --> 00:18:45.720
 In Genesis 3-11,

00:18:45.880 --> 00:18:46.299
 it is like

00:18:46.299 --> 00:18:47.240
 William Golding's

00:18:47.240 --> 00:18:48.039
 Lord of the Flies.

00:18:49.019 --> 00:18:49.539
 Left to us,

00:18:49.539 --> 00:18:50.259
 human beings

00:18:50.259 --> 00:18:51.119
 would devolve

00:18:51.119 --> 00:18:51.960
 into savagery

00:18:51.960 --> 00:18:52.500
 and evil.

00:18:53.960 --> 00:18:55.039
 So the only hope

00:18:55.039 --> 00:18:55.659
 at this point

00:18:55.659 --> 00:18:57.200
 for redemption

00:18:57.200 --> 00:18:57.980
 must come from

00:18:57.980 --> 00:18:58.960
 God himself.

00:18:59.879 --> 00:19:01.759
 God must carry out

00:19:01.759 --> 00:19:02.659
 a rescue plan.

00:19:03.759 --> 00:19:03.940
 Indeed,

00:19:04.039 --> 00:19:05.500
 God does this

00:19:05.500 --> 00:19:06.259
 by choosing

00:19:06.259 --> 00:19:06.879
 one man,

00:19:07.319 --> 00:19:07.599
 Abraham,

00:19:08.059 --> 00:19:08.680
 as the one

00:19:08.680 --> 00:19:09.259
 through whom

00:19:09.259 --> 00:19:10.019
 the promise

00:19:10.019 --> 00:19:12.019
 of Genesis 3-15

00:19:12.019 --> 00:19:12.420
 would become

00:19:12.420 --> 00:19:12.899
 a reality.

00:19:13.779 --> 00:19:14.700
 So the covenant

00:19:14.700 --> 00:19:15.480
 of Abraham

00:19:15.480 --> 00:19:17.519
 is fulfilling

00:19:17.519 --> 00:19:18.039
 the promise

00:19:18.039 --> 00:19:18.839
 of Genesis 3.

00:19:19.599 --> 00:19:20.480
 So in a sense,

00:19:20.660 --> 00:19:21.879
 Abraham would be

00:19:21.879 --> 00:19:22.480
 a new Adam.

00:19:23.279 --> 00:19:23.859
 And Abraham

00:19:23.859 --> 00:19:25.180
 would be a new Adam

00:19:25.180 --> 00:19:25.740
 and Canaan

00:19:25.740 --> 00:19:27.299
 would be a new Eden

00:19:27.299 --> 00:19:28.539
 where God would dwell

00:19:28.539 --> 00:19:29.059
 with his people

00:19:29.059 --> 00:19:29.619
 once again.

00:19:30.859 --> 00:19:32.019
 In Genesis 12,

00:19:32.480 --> 00:19:33.200
 God promised

00:19:33.200 --> 00:19:34.680
 Abraham three things

00:19:34.680 --> 00:19:35.940
 in the Abrahamic covenant.

00:19:36.759 --> 00:19:37.559
 Numerous offspring,

00:19:38.339 --> 00:19:38.779
 land,

00:19:39.779 --> 00:19:40.259
 and that he would be

00:19:40.259 --> 00:19:41.019
 the source of blessing

00:19:41.019 --> 00:19:41.900
 to all nations

00:19:41.900 --> 00:19:43.299
 through one

00:19:43.299 --> 00:19:43.900
 of his descendants.

00:19:43.900 --> 00:19:50.580
 So Abraham

00:19:50.580 --> 00:19:51.220
 is faltering

00:19:51.220 --> 00:19:52.320
 about God's promise

00:19:52.320 --> 00:19:52.860
 of an offspring

00:19:52.860 --> 00:19:54.340
 since he's in his 70s.

00:19:54.860 --> 00:19:55.900
 That's an old age

00:19:55.900 --> 00:19:57.220
 to have children.

00:19:58.100 --> 00:19:59.160
 And God showed him

00:19:59.160 --> 00:19:59.880
 the stars

00:19:59.880 --> 00:20:01.160
 and told him

00:20:01.160 --> 00:20:02.800
 his offspring

00:20:02.800 --> 00:20:04.019
 would be as numerous

00:20:04.019 --> 00:20:04.960
 as the stars.

00:20:06.500 --> 00:20:07.519
 And so God

00:20:07.519 --> 00:20:08.080
 kind of gives

00:20:08.080 --> 00:20:08.960
 Abraham

00:20:08.960 --> 00:20:09.920
 the Rafiki treatment.

00:20:10.180 --> 00:20:10.240
 Like,

00:20:10.380 --> 00:20:10.440
 hey,

00:20:10.960 --> 00:20:11.180
 Simba,

00:20:11.240 --> 00:20:12.140
 look at the stars here.

00:20:12.300 --> 00:20:12.360
 Like,

00:20:12.460 --> 00:20:13.340
 your offspring

00:20:13.339 --> 00:20:13.899
 was numerous

00:20:13.899 --> 00:20:14.659
 as the stars.

00:20:16.000 --> 00:20:17.619
 And as Romans 4 says,

00:20:17.819 --> 00:20:18.799
 it's in that moment

00:20:18.799 --> 00:20:21.599
 Abraham believed God

00:20:21.599 --> 00:20:22.699
 and God

00:20:22.699 --> 00:20:23.699
 would provide an heir

00:20:23.699 --> 00:20:25.799
 and it was accounted

00:20:25.799 --> 00:20:26.759
 to him

00:20:26.759 --> 00:20:27.559
 as righteousness.

00:20:28.220 --> 00:20:29.199
 So Genesis 15,

00:20:29.299 --> 00:20:29.599
 6,

00:20:29.699 --> 00:20:31.000
 a very famous verse.

00:20:31.720 --> 00:20:32.599
 And he believed

00:20:32.599 --> 00:20:33.000
 the Lord

00:20:33.000 --> 00:20:34.720
 and he counted it

00:20:34.720 --> 00:20:35.079
 to him

00:20:35.079 --> 00:20:35.879
 as righteousness.

00:20:37.019 --> 00:20:37.799
 So here,

00:20:37.899 --> 00:20:38.879
 Abraham is believing

00:20:38.879 --> 00:20:39.599
 a promise.

00:20:40.559 --> 00:20:40.859
 The Lord

00:20:40.859 --> 00:20:41.659
 counts him,

00:20:42.339 --> 00:20:43.079
 reckons him,

00:20:43.339 --> 00:20:44.579
 as a righteous man.

00:20:45.720 --> 00:20:46.159
 So righteousness

00:20:46.159 --> 00:20:47.359
 means walking

00:20:47.359 --> 00:20:47.980
 before God,

00:20:48.019 --> 00:20:48.539
 loving him,

00:20:48.619 --> 00:20:49.359
 and obeying him.

00:20:50.500 --> 00:20:51.980
 So a theological

00:20:51.980 --> 00:20:53.679
 word here is

00:20:53.679 --> 00:20:56.059
 this is an imputation

00:20:56.059 --> 00:20:56.980
 of righteousness

00:20:56.980 --> 00:20:57.619
 to Abraham.

00:20:58.019 --> 00:20:59.299
 This is an alien

00:20:59.299 --> 00:21:00.039
 righteousness

00:21:00.039 --> 00:21:01.379
 coming to Abraham.

00:21:01.819 --> 00:21:02.799
 To use a biblical

00:21:02.799 --> 00:21:03.220
 metaphor,

00:21:03.500 --> 00:21:04.159
 Isaiah will say

00:21:04.159 --> 00:21:05.419
 this is a white robe

00:21:05.419 --> 00:21:06.439
 that clothes us.

00:21:08.079 --> 00:21:09.220
 Abraham in himself

00:21:09.220 --> 00:21:10.299
 is not a righteous man.

00:21:10.299 --> 00:21:12.500
 So the very next chapter,

00:21:12.539 --> 00:21:13.200
 I think it's significant

00:21:13.200 --> 00:21:13.740
 in the narrative,

00:21:14.559 --> 00:21:15.240
 Abraham commits

00:21:15.240 --> 00:21:16.059
 a heinous sin

00:21:16.059 --> 00:21:17.680
 with Hagar.

00:21:18.339 --> 00:21:18.859
 So Abraham

00:21:18.859 --> 00:21:19.859
 is a polygamist.

00:21:20.700 --> 00:21:21.460
 And who's the only

00:21:21.460 --> 00:21:22.500
 other polygamist

00:21:22.500 --> 00:21:23.419
 to this point

00:21:23.419 --> 00:21:23.879
 in Genesis?

00:21:24.740 --> 00:21:25.960
 A man called Lamech.

00:21:26.440 --> 00:21:27.379
 It's not a good company

00:21:27.379 --> 00:21:27.799
 to be in.

00:21:27.940 --> 00:21:28.539
 You don't want to be

00:21:28.539 --> 00:21:29.399
 compared to Lamech.

00:21:30.099 --> 00:21:30.799
 But Abraham,

00:21:31.259 --> 00:21:32.059
 after he's accounted

00:21:32.059 --> 00:21:33.240
 as righteous,

00:21:33.619 --> 00:21:34.099
 he commits

00:21:34.099 --> 00:21:34.819
 a heinous sin.

00:21:34.819 --> 00:21:37.740
 So Moses here

00:21:37.740 --> 00:21:38.779
 is not whitewashing

00:21:38.779 --> 00:21:39.379
 the heroes

00:21:39.379 --> 00:21:40.279
 of the Jewish faith.

00:21:41.659 --> 00:21:43.539
 Faith was the key.

00:21:45.200 --> 00:21:46.839
 God accounted Abraham

00:21:46.839 --> 00:21:48.539
 as a righteous man.

00:21:48.639 --> 00:21:50.579
 It wasn't his ethnicity

00:21:50.579 --> 00:21:52.220
 or any kind of works

00:21:52.220 --> 00:21:53.299
 done by Abraham.

00:21:53.879 --> 00:21:54.740
 Abraham was justified

00:21:54.740 --> 00:21:55.460
 by faith.

00:21:56.359 --> 00:21:57.399
 That's what Paul tells us.

00:21:57.939 --> 00:21:58.419
 And the kingdom

00:21:58.419 --> 00:21:59.419
 that God is starting

00:21:59.419 --> 00:22:00.359
 through Abraham,

00:22:00.960 --> 00:22:01.220
 seed,

00:22:01.559 --> 00:22:02.119
 will be those

00:22:02.119 --> 00:22:02.799
 who are justified

00:22:02.799 --> 00:22:03.939
 by faith.

00:22:03.940 --> 00:22:05.440
 Right?

00:22:06.299 --> 00:22:07.460
 In Genesis 15,

00:22:08.539 --> 00:22:09.640
 there's this curious

00:22:09.640 --> 00:22:10.880
 ceremony that happens

00:22:10.880 --> 00:22:12.380
 that takes place

00:22:12.380 --> 00:22:13.820
 to seal this solemn covenant

00:22:13.820 --> 00:22:15.100
 between God and Abraham,

00:22:15.640 --> 00:22:16.580
 which highlights

00:22:16.580 --> 00:22:17.820
 the unconditional aspects

00:22:17.820 --> 00:22:18.920
 of this covenant

00:22:18.920 --> 00:22:19.580
 for us.

00:22:20.240 --> 00:22:20.779
 So covenants

00:22:20.779 --> 00:22:21.820
 in the ancient Near East

00:22:21.820 --> 00:22:23.960
 were sometimes ratified

00:22:23.960 --> 00:22:24.880
 through a ceremony

00:22:24.880 --> 00:22:26.799
 in which animals

00:22:26.799 --> 00:22:27.539
 were cut up

00:22:27.539 --> 00:22:28.860
 and the pieces

00:22:28.860 --> 00:22:30.200
 arranged on the ground.

00:22:31.120 --> 00:22:31.640
 And that's what's

00:22:31.640 --> 00:22:32.740
 happening in Genesis 15.

00:22:32.740 --> 00:22:34.019
 The two parties

00:22:34.019 --> 00:22:34.640
 would walk

00:22:34.640 --> 00:22:35.940
 between the pieces

00:22:35.940 --> 00:22:38.359
 stating that a similar fate

00:22:38.359 --> 00:22:39.900
 should befall them

00:22:39.900 --> 00:22:40.819
 if either party

00:22:40.819 --> 00:22:41.519
 broke the agreement.

00:22:42.180 --> 00:22:43.400
 They would be torn apart

00:22:43.400 --> 00:22:44.039
 like those animals

00:22:44.039 --> 00:22:44.559
 on the ground.

00:22:45.539 --> 00:22:47.000
 But something very interesting

00:22:47.000 --> 00:22:48.160
 happens in Genesis 15.

00:22:48.299 --> 00:22:49.259
 Something very unexpected

00:22:49.259 --> 00:22:50.480
 happens in the ceremony.

00:22:51.180 --> 00:22:52.019
 God puts Abraham

00:22:52.019 --> 00:22:52.700
 to sleep.

00:22:53.720 --> 00:22:54.779
 And it was only God

00:22:54.779 --> 00:22:55.400
 who walked

00:22:55.400 --> 00:22:56.900
 between the animal pieces

00:22:56.900 --> 00:22:57.579
 in the figures

00:22:57.579 --> 00:22:59.279
 of a smoking fire pot

00:22:59.279 --> 00:23:00.319
 and a flaming torch

00:23:00.319 --> 00:23:01.939
 in Abraham's place.

00:23:03.019 --> 00:23:03.919
 Very strange.

00:23:04.279 --> 00:23:04.859
 God is saying,

00:23:05.399 --> 00:23:06.240
 I will keep my end

00:23:06.240 --> 00:23:06.679
 of the deal.

00:23:07.119 --> 00:23:07.559
 And Abraham,

00:23:07.700 --> 00:23:08.899
 if you fail on your side,

00:23:09.259 --> 00:23:09.639
 God is saying,

00:23:09.839 --> 00:23:10.980
 I will take on myself

00:23:10.980 --> 00:23:11.480
 the curse

00:23:11.480 --> 00:23:12.319
 of breaking the covenant.

00:23:13.339 --> 00:23:15.460
 So God has sole responsibility

00:23:15.460 --> 00:23:17.279
 for keeping the covenant

00:23:17.279 --> 00:23:18.220
 by providing offspring.

00:23:18.439 --> 00:23:19.379
 It's unconditional.

00:23:20.099 --> 00:23:21.359
 I am going to do it.

00:23:21.359 --> 00:23:23.359
 And the sign of this covenant

00:23:23.359 --> 00:23:24.319
 was circumcision,

00:23:24.939 --> 00:23:26.959
 showing that God's people,

00:23:27.379 --> 00:23:27.799
 the Israelites,

00:23:27.919 --> 00:23:28.979
 had a special place

00:23:28.979 --> 00:23:31.059
 in God's redemptive plan.

00:23:32.799 --> 00:23:33.139
 However,

00:23:33.259 --> 00:23:34.319
 one question

00:23:34.319 --> 00:23:35.740
 that people typically have

00:23:35.740 --> 00:23:36.879
 about the Abrahamic covenant

00:23:36.879 --> 00:23:37.439
 is whether

00:23:37.439 --> 00:23:39.119
 this is a conditional

00:23:39.119 --> 00:23:40.539
 or unconditional covenant

00:23:40.539 --> 00:23:41.379
 and how do we think

00:23:41.379 --> 00:23:42.259
 about those aspects

00:23:42.259 --> 00:23:43.319
 in Genesis.

00:23:44.099 --> 00:23:44.699
 So,

00:23:45.159 --> 00:23:45.919
 I would say

00:23:45.919 --> 00:23:46.719
 the covenant with Abraham

00:23:46.719 --> 00:23:47.599
 has both conditional

00:23:47.599 --> 00:23:49.459
 and unconditional elements.

00:23:49.460 --> 00:23:51.640
 So we see in Genesis 17,

00:23:51.720 --> 00:23:52.380
 verse 1,

00:23:53.100 --> 00:23:54.100
 God commands Abraham

00:23:54.100 --> 00:23:55.559
 to walk before him

00:23:55.559 --> 00:23:56.120
 faithfully

00:23:56.120 --> 00:23:56.819
 and be blameless.

00:23:57.740 --> 00:23:58.480
 So in that sense,

00:23:58.519 --> 00:23:59.059
 it's conditional.

00:24:00.079 --> 00:24:00.519
 The people,

00:24:00.680 --> 00:24:01.500
 Abraham's descendants,

00:24:01.940 --> 00:24:02.880
 would not experience

00:24:02.880 --> 00:24:03.759
 the covenant blessings

00:24:03.759 --> 00:24:04.819
 of the Abrahamic covenant

00:24:04.819 --> 00:24:05.880
 if they are not faithful.

00:24:07.220 --> 00:24:07.539
 However,

00:24:08.440 --> 00:24:09.480
 so in this respect,

00:24:09.960 --> 00:24:10.700
 Abraham himself

00:24:10.700 --> 00:24:11.380
 was even called

00:24:11.380 --> 00:24:12.920
 to walk by faith

00:24:12.920 --> 00:24:13.620
 before God.

00:24:14.299 --> 00:24:15.200
 But in another sense,

00:24:15.279 --> 00:24:15.420
 though,

00:24:15.519 --> 00:24:16.059
 God is committing

00:24:16.059 --> 00:24:18.039
 to meet all the conditions

00:24:18.039 --> 00:24:19.059
 of the covenant.

00:24:19.059 --> 00:24:19.679
 So in that sense,

00:24:19.740 --> 00:24:20.440
 it is unconditional.

00:24:21.019 --> 00:24:22.019
 So it's both conditional

00:24:22.019 --> 00:24:22.919
 and unconditional.

00:24:24.019 --> 00:24:24.799
 Some people think

00:24:24.799 --> 00:24:25.659
 it's only unconditional.

00:24:26.359 --> 00:24:26.700
 Fine.

00:24:27.179 --> 00:24:28.319
 A lot of people believe that.

00:24:28.940 --> 00:24:29.980
 But I think there's both,

00:24:30.059 --> 00:24:31.259
 I think there's both elements here.

00:24:32.940 --> 00:24:34.220
 By the end of Genesis,

00:24:35.039 --> 00:24:36.139
 these promises to Abraham

00:24:36.139 --> 00:24:37.099
 of numerous offspring,

00:24:37.559 --> 00:24:37.980
 land,

00:24:38.099 --> 00:24:39.779
 or international blessing

00:24:39.779 --> 00:24:41.740
 have scarcely been advanced at all.

00:24:42.599 --> 00:24:43.480
 So by the end of Genesis,

00:24:43.740 --> 00:24:44.799
 Israel was not in Canaan,

00:24:44.899 --> 00:24:45.659
 but in Egypt.

00:24:46.519 --> 00:24:47.200
 And obviously,

00:24:47.299 --> 00:24:47.899
 the whole world

00:24:47.899 --> 00:24:48.740
 was not being renewed

00:24:48.740 --> 00:24:49.680
 through Abraham's family.

00:24:50.720 --> 00:24:51.359
 So clearly,

00:24:51.539 --> 00:24:52.740
 like Hebrews 11 says,

00:24:53.299 --> 00:24:54.559
 the patriarchs

00:24:54.559 --> 00:24:55.640
 lived by faith

00:24:55.640 --> 00:24:56.880
 that the Lord

00:24:56.880 --> 00:24:57.940
 would fulfill his promises

00:24:57.940 --> 00:24:58.559
 in the future.

00:25:00.720 --> 00:25:01.740
 So by the end of the book,

00:25:01.799 --> 00:25:02.819
 the entire family of Abraham

00:25:02.819 --> 00:25:04.299
 is limited to about 70 people.

00:25:06.480 --> 00:25:07.460
 So how does

00:25:07.460 --> 00:25:08.299
 the Abrahamic covenant

00:25:08.299 --> 00:25:10.420
 relate to the promise

00:25:10.420 --> 00:25:12.059
 that God made

00:25:12.059 --> 00:25:12.839
 to Adam and Eve?

00:25:12.839 --> 00:25:14.399
 the Abrahamic covenant

00:25:14.399 --> 00:25:16.039
 is fulfilling the promise

00:25:16.039 --> 00:25:16.679
 of offspring

00:25:16.679 --> 00:25:17.980
 in Genesis 3.15.

00:25:18.519 --> 00:25:19.959
 The promised offspring

00:25:19.959 --> 00:25:20.639
 of Eve

00:25:20.639 --> 00:25:21.699
 would come

00:25:21.699 --> 00:25:22.759
 through Abraham's line.

00:25:23.220 --> 00:25:24.259
 So the story is unfolding.

00:25:24.519 --> 00:25:25.539
 That promised Savior

00:25:25.539 --> 00:25:26.759
 will now be a descendant

00:25:26.759 --> 00:25:27.279
 of Abraham.

00:25:29.039 --> 00:25:30.599
 And as the Bible continues,

00:25:30.599 --> 00:25:33.980
 we see how committed

00:25:33.980 --> 00:25:35.000
 God is to keeping

00:25:35.000 --> 00:25:35.599
 those promises.

00:25:36.419 --> 00:25:37.519
 So the promise

00:25:37.519 --> 00:25:39.139
 of Abraham's family

00:25:39.139 --> 00:25:39.980
 was like the stars

00:25:39.980 --> 00:25:40.459
 of heaven

00:25:40.459 --> 00:25:42.019
 began to be fulfilled

00:25:42.019 --> 00:25:42.500
 in Exodus.

00:25:43.279 --> 00:25:45.279
 So we read in Exodus 1.7,

00:25:45.279 --> 00:25:47.079
 but the people of Israel

00:25:47.079 --> 00:25:47.720
 were fruitful

00:25:47.720 --> 00:25:48.879
 and increased greatly.

00:25:49.379 --> 00:25:49.980
 They multiplied

00:25:49.980 --> 00:25:51.539
 and grew exceedingly strong

00:25:51.539 --> 00:25:53.139
 so that the land

00:25:53.139 --> 00:25:54.019
 was filled with them.

00:25:55.220 --> 00:25:56.460
 But they were suffering

00:25:56.460 --> 00:25:58.099
 miserably under Egyptian rule

00:25:58.099 --> 00:25:58.740
 and cried out

00:25:58.740 --> 00:25:59.579
 for deliverance.

00:26:00.240 --> 00:26:01.319
 So would Pharaoh

00:26:01.319 --> 00:26:02.440
 ultimately frustrate

00:26:02.440 --> 00:26:03.099
 the Lord's plan?

00:26:04.980 --> 00:26:07.720
 Exodus 2.23-25

00:26:07.720 --> 00:26:09.440
 During those many days,

00:26:09.559 --> 00:26:10.539
 the king of Egypt died

00:26:10.539 --> 00:26:12.220
 and the people of Israel

00:26:12.220 --> 00:26:14.059
 groaned because of their slavery

00:26:14.059 --> 00:26:15.220
 and cried out for help.

00:26:16.019 --> 00:26:17.240
 Their cry for rescue

00:26:17.240 --> 00:26:18.000
 from slavery

00:26:18.000 --> 00:26:19.319
 came up to God

00:26:19.319 --> 00:26:21.180
 and God heard their groaning

00:26:21.180 --> 00:26:22.119
 and God remembered

00:26:22.119 --> 00:26:23.339
 his covenant with Abraham,

00:26:23.700 --> 00:26:24.119
 with Isaac,

00:26:24.200 --> 00:26:24.639
 with Jacob.

00:26:25.019 --> 00:26:26.480
 God saw the people of Israel

00:26:26.480 --> 00:26:27.480
 and God knew.

00:26:28.859 --> 00:26:29.859
 The Lord remembered

00:26:29.859 --> 00:26:30.920
 his covenant promise.

00:26:31.619 --> 00:26:32.859
 But what will God do?

00:26:33.680 --> 00:26:35.440
 God showed his unfailing love

00:26:35.440 --> 00:26:36.599
 for his people

00:26:36.599 --> 00:26:37.500
 in the Exodus

00:26:37.500 --> 00:26:39.059
 by rescuing them

00:26:39.059 --> 00:26:39.660
 from slavery.

00:26:40.220 --> 00:26:41.480
 So the entire book of Exodus

00:26:41.480 --> 00:26:42.899
 is building off

00:26:42.899 --> 00:26:43.579
 the book of Genesis.

00:26:43.980 --> 00:26:44.940
 The story is unfolding.

00:26:45.279 --> 00:26:46.759
 God brought them

00:26:46.759 --> 00:26:47.399
 through the Exodus

00:26:47.399 --> 00:26:48.720
 to the foot of Mount Sinai

00:26:48.720 --> 00:26:51.279
 and made another major covenant

00:26:51.279 --> 00:26:52.379
 with them there,

00:26:53.099 --> 00:26:54.960
 promising to take them

00:26:54.960 --> 00:26:56.139
 as his treasured possession

00:26:56.139 --> 00:26:57.299
 and dwell among them

00:26:57.299 --> 00:26:58.059
 as their God

00:26:58.059 --> 00:26:58.819
 if,

00:26:59.500 --> 00:27:01.180
 if they would obey him.

00:27:01.720 --> 00:27:02.460
 So this is called

00:27:02.460 --> 00:27:03.359
 the Mosaic Covenant.

00:27:03.359 --> 00:27:09.799
 This is the Mosaic Covenant.

00:27:10.799 --> 00:27:12.419
 Here's what Exodus 19

00:27:12.419 --> 00:27:13.639
 verses 5 and 6 say.

00:27:13.640 --> 00:27:14.960
 Now therefore,

00:27:15.320 --> 00:27:17.620
 if you will indeed obey my voice

00:27:17.620 --> 00:27:18.620
 and keep my covenant,

00:27:19.160 --> 00:27:20.700
 you shall be to me

00:27:20.700 --> 00:27:21.700
 a treasured possession

00:27:21.700 --> 00:27:23.120
 among all peoples

00:27:23.120 --> 00:27:25.180
 for all the earth is mine

00:27:25.180 --> 00:27:27.000
 and you shall be to me

00:27:27.000 --> 00:27:28.200
 a kingdom of priests

00:27:28.200 --> 00:27:30.240
 and a holy nation.

00:27:31.840 --> 00:27:32.640
 Israel would be

00:27:32.640 --> 00:27:33.700
 a kingdom of priests

00:27:33.700 --> 00:27:35.500
 who would mediate God's blessing

00:27:35.500 --> 00:27:37.060
 to the rest of the earth

00:27:37.060 --> 00:27:38.300
 just like Adam and Eve

00:27:38.300 --> 00:27:39.100
 were meant to in the garden.

00:27:39.920 --> 00:27:41.180
 They would be the new Adams

00:27:41.180 --> 00:27:42.259
 in the land of Canaan.

00:27:43.320 --> 00:27:44.820
 God's new humanity.

00:27:46.000 --> 00:27:47.380
 In order to mediate

00:27:47.380 --> 00:27:47.960
 the blessing,

00:27:49.580 --> 00:27:50.380
 Israel must model

00:27:50.380 --> 00:27:51.299
 the kingdom of God

00:27:51.299 --> 00:27:52.400
 by living according

00:27:52.400 --> 00:27:53.259
 to the Mosaic Law.

00:27:54.680 --> 00:27:54.779
 Right?

00:27:54.920 --> 00:27:56.100
 So God gave Israel

00:27:56.100 --> 00:27:57.019
 a law code

00:27:57.019 --> 00:27:59.320
 summarized in the Ten Commandments.

00:27:59.940 --> 00:28:00.700
 And the Sabbath

00:28:00.700 --> 00:28:01.799
 was a covenant sign

00:28:01.799 --> 00:28:03.160
 that they were set apart

00:28:03.160 --> 00:28:04.140
 to bless the nations.

00:28:04.880 --> 00:28:05.799
 They were meant to be

00:28:05.799 --> 00:28:06.759
 a holy nation.

00:28:08.480 --> 00:28:09.480
 So would Israel

00:28:09.480 --> 00:28:10.480
 be a truly righteous

00:28:10.480 --> 00:28:11.259
 kingdom of priests

00:28:11.259 --> 00:28:12.059
 that blessed the world?

00:28:12.980 --> 00:28:13.880
 We'll find out.

00:28:15.779 --> 00:28:16.620
 So how does

00:28:16.620 --> 00:28:17.559
 the Mosaic Covenant

00:28:17.559 --> 00:28:19.559
 relate to

00:28:19.559 --> 00:28:21.160
 the Abrahamic Covenant?

00:28:22.440 --> 00:28:23.599
 The Mosaic Covenant

00:28:23.599 --> 00:28:24.759
 is implementing

00:28:24.759 --> 00:28:25.900
 the Abrahamic Covenant.

00:28:26.620 --> 00:28:27.420
 The story is unfolding.

00:28:28.019 --> 00:28:28.920
 The Abrahamic Covenant

00:28:28.920 --> 00:28:30.059
 fulfilled that promise

00:28:30.059 --> 00:28:30.940
 given to Adam and Eve

00:28:30.940 --> 00:28:31.940
 and now the Mosaic Covenant

00:28:31.940 --> 00:28:32.940
 is implementing it.

00:28:33.700 --> 00:28:34.599
 So God promised

00:28:34.599 --> 00:28:35.680
 a kingdom to Abraham

00:28:35.680 --> 00:28:36.920
 and now Israel

00:28:36.920 --> 00:28:38.259
 be that kingdom of priests

00:28:38.259 --> 00:28:39.220
 in the land of Canaan

00:28:39.220 --> 00:28:40.940
 mediating God's blessing

00:28:40.940 --> 00:28:41.519
 to the earth

00:28:41.519 --> 00:28:43.100
 like God had planned

00:28:43.100 --> 00:28:44.200
 for Adam and Eve

00:28:44.200 --> 00:28:44.620
 in the garden.

00:28:46.059 --> 00:28:47.299
 So the Mosaic Covenant

00:28:47.299 --> 00:28:48.920
 would be

00:28:48.920 --> 00:28:49.799
 the most conditional

00:28:49.799 --> 00:28:50.880
 of all the covenants

00:28:50.880 --> 00:28:51.860
 that we'll see

00:28:51.860 --> 00:28:53.339
 with extensive promises

00:28:53.339 --> 00:28:53.920
 of blessing

00:28:53.920 --> 00:28:55.079
 for obedience

00:28:55.079 --> 00:28:55.579
 and curses

00:28:55.579 --> 00:28:56.480
 for disobedience.

00:28:56.980 --> 00:28:57.799
 The worst being

00:28:57.799 --> 00:28:58.700
 ultimate exile

00:28:58.700 --> 00:28:59.279
 in the land.

00:29:00.079 --> 00:29:02.000
 So you should notice

00:29:02.000 --> 00:29:02.960
 there's a real tension

00:29:02.960 --> 00:29:04.299
 in the progression

00:29:04.299 --> 00:29:05.380
 of these biblical covenants.

00:29:05.880 --> 00:29:06.740
 There are unconditional

00:29:06.740 --> 00:29:08.160
 and unilateral promises

00:29:08.160 --> 00:29:10.299
 that God of grace

00:29:10.299 --> 00:29:11.599
 that God will do something

00:29:11.599 --> 00:29:13.019
 but there are real

00:29:13.019 --> 00:29:14.200
 two-sided conditions

00:29:14.200 --> 00:29:16.000
 that the people

00:29:16.000 --> 00:29:16.519
 must meet

00:29:16.519 --> 00:29:17.299
 in the Mosaic Covenant.

00:29:17.940 --> 00:29:18.960
 So there's a real tension

00:29:18.960 --> 00:29:19.460
 in the narrative

00:29:19.460 --> 00:29:20.000
 that's developing

00:29:20.000 --> 00:29:20.579
 at this point.

00:29:21.920 --> 00:29:23.099
 But the real drama

00:29:23.099 --> 00:29:23.980
 in Exodus

00:29:23.980 --> 00:29:25.299
 is how are these

00:29:25.299 --> 00:29:26.019
 sinful people

00:29:26.019 --> 00:29:27.120
 going to dwell

00:29:27.120 --> 00:29:27.819
 with the Holy God

00:29:27.819 --> 00:29:29.240
 who cannot tolerate sin?

00:29:30.079 --> 00:29:30.720
 And Exodus makes

00:29:30.720 --> 00:29:31.259
 that point.

00:29:31.819 --> 00:29:32.640
 Figuratively speaking

00:29:32.640 --> 00:29:33.759
 the Mosaic Covenant

00:29:33.759 --> 00:29:34.319
 was broken

00:29:34.319 --> 00:29:35.460
 before the ink

00:29:35.460 --> 00:29:36.159
 was even dry

00:29:36.159 --> 00:29:37.599
 in the covenant document.

00:29:37.939 --> 00:29:38.819
 The people violated

00:29:38.819 --> 00:29:39.279
 the covenant

00:29:39.279 --> 00:29:40.460
 by doing what?

00:29:40.799 --> 00:29:42.019
 Making and worshipping

00:29:42.019 --> 00:29:43.039
 a golden calf.

00:29:44.019 --> 00:29:45.200
 And Moses intercedes

00:29:45.200 --> 00:29:46.639
 for Israel

00:29:46.639 --> 00:29:47.419
 and they were forgiven

00:29:47.419 --> 00:29:49.159
 but the question's raised

00:29:49.159 --> 00:29:50.460
 how is Yahweh

00:29:50.460 --> 00:29:51.700
 going to dwell

00:29:51.700 --> 00:29:52.619
 with the stubborn people?

00:29:53.740 --> 00:29:54.519
 The people were

00:29:54.519 --> 00:29:55.299
 delivered from Egypt

00:29:55.299 --> 00:29:57.200
 but were they really changed

00:29:57.200 --> 00:29:58.200
 on the inside

00:29:58.200 --> 00:29:58.759
 spiritually?

00:29:59.899 --> 00:30:00.899
 By the end of Exodus

00:30:00.899 --> 00:30:02.179
 this is a lingering question

00:30:02.179 --> 00:30:03.039
 in the reader's mind.

00:30:04.319 --> 00:30:05.339
 And in Deuteronomy

00:30:05.339 --> 00:30:05.879
 and Joshua

00:30:05.879 --> 00:30:08.379
 there is an intimation

00:30:08.379 --> 00:30:09.159
 of what is to come.

00:30:09.939 --> 00:30:10.480
 A hint.

00:30:10.939 --> 00:30:11.759
 There's a hint

00:30:11.759 --> 00:30:12.939
 that the Mosaic Covenant

00:30:12.939 --> 00:30:14.579
 might actually be defective

00:30:14.579 --> 00:30:16.460
 because it did not change

00:30:16.460 --> 00:30:17.339
 the hearts of the people

00:30:17.339 --> 00:30:17.779
 in Israel.

00:30:19.240 --> 00:30:20.099
 I don't say that

00:30:20.099 --> 00:30:22.159
 God meant for it

00:30:22.159 --> 00:30:22.819
 to be defective

00:30:22.819 --> 00:30:23.759
 as we'll understand.

00:30:23.960 --> 00:30:25.379
 God meant for the Mosaic Covenant

00:30:25.379 --> 00:30:26.220
 to be defective.

00:30:30.220 --> 00:30:31.839
 So Deuteronomy

00:30:31.839 --> 00:30:34.599
 really is one long exposition

00:30:34.599 --> 00:30:35.619
 of the Mosaic Covenant

00:30:35.619 --> 00:30:36.819
 that Moses preaches

00:30:36.819 --> 00:30:38.379
 right before the people

00:30:38.379 --> 00:30:39.559
 enter into the Promised Land.

00:30:40.899 --> 00:30:41.819
 And Moses unpacks

00:30:41.819 --> 00:30:42.519
 what it means

00:30:42.519 --> 00:30:43.599
 for Israel

00:30:43.599 --> 00:30:44.099
 to be loyal

00:30:44.099 --> 00:30:45.079
 to its covenant God

00:30:45.079 --> 00:30:45.919
 in the Mosaic Covenant.

00:30:46.699 --> 00:30:47.799
 And the most famous verse

00:30:47.799 --> 00:30:48.339
 in Deuteronomy

00:30:48.339 --> 00:30:48.839
 is the Shema.

00:30:49.899 --> 00:30:50.240
 The Shema.

00:30:50.240 --> 00:30:51.460
 Hear, O Israel,

00:30:51.819 --> 00:30:52.920
 the Lord our God,

00:30:53.000 --> 00:30:54.059
 the Lord is one.

00:30:54.519 --> 00:30:55.220
 You shall love

00:30:55.220 --> 00:30:56.039
 the Lord your God

00:30:56.039 --> 00:30:56.759
 with all your heart,

00:30:57.180 --> 00:30:58.839
 with all your soul,

00:30:58.920 --> 00:30:59.599
 with all your might.

00:31:00.099 --> 00:31:00.799
 In these words

00:31:00.799 --> 00:31:01.599
 that I command you today

00:31:01.599 --> 00:31:02.539
 shall be on your heart.

00:31:03.380 --> 00:31:03.579
 Right?

00:31:03.720 --> 00:31:04.660
 Famous Shema.

00:31:05.519 --> 00:31:06.519
 Israel must keep

00:31:06.519 --> 00:31:07.140
 his law

00:31:07.140 --> 00:31:08.299
 and regulations

00:31:08.299 --> 00:31:09.259
 to be a kingdom

00:31:09.259 --> 00:31:09.859
 of priests

00:31:09.859 --> 00:31:10.700
 that God had intended

00:31:10.700 --> 00:31:11.200
 them to be.

00:31:11.740 --> 00:31:12.539
 God commanded them

00:31:12.539 --> 00:31:13.140
 to love him,

00:31:13.500 --> 00:31:14.200
 to fear him,

00:31:14.420 --> 00:31:15.099
 to treasure him,

00:31:15.259 --> 00:31:16.099
 to cling to him.

00:31:16.539 --> 00:31:17.220
 If they obey,

00:31:17.940 --> 00:31:18.579
 covenant blessings

00:31:18.579 --> 00:31:19.079
 will follow.

00:31:19.079 --> 00:31:19.819
 They will be established

00:31:19.819 --> 00:31:20.339
 in the land.

00:31:20.939 --> 00:31:21.859
 But if they turn away

00:31:21.859 --> 00:31:22.460
 from the Lord,

00:31:23.000 --> 00:31:23.619
 covenant curses

00:31:23.619 --> 00:31:24.659
 will descend upon them.

00:31:25.939 --> 00:31:26.720
 So, but interestingly,

00:31:27.000 --> 00:31:27.839
 right in the heart

00:31:27.839 --> 00:31:28.819
 of Deuteronomy,

00:31:28.939 --> 00:31:30.059
 the author is hinting

00:31:30.059 --> 00:31:31.500
 that the law

00:31:31.500 --> 00:31:32.359
 and the Mosaic Covenant

00:31:32.359 --> 00:31:33.199
 could not change

00:31:33.199 --> 00:31:33.980
 anyone's hearts.

00:31:34.720 --> 00:31:35.519
 So Moses declares

00:31:35.519 --> 00:31:36.119
 to the people,

00:31:37.099 --> 00:31:37.919
 but to this day,

00:31:38.419 --> 00:31:39.099
 the Lord has not

00:31:39.099 --> 00:31:39.799
 given you a heart

00:31:39.799 --> 00:31:40.399
 to understand

00:31:40.399 --> 00:31:41.259
 or eyes to see

00:31:41.259 --> 00:31:42.059
 or ears to hear.

00:31:43.439 --> 00:31:44.399
 And in Deuteronomy

00:31:44.399 --> 00:31:45.199
 chapter 30,

00:31:45.960 --> 00:31:46.720
 in order to keep

00:31:46.720 --> 00:31:47.099
 the covenant

00:31:47.099 --> 00:31:47.919
 God declared,

00:31:47.919 --> 00:31:48.460
 he,

00:31:48.460 --> 00:31:50.480
 must circumcise

00:31:50.480 --> 00:31:51.279
 the people's heart

00:31:51.279 --> 00:31:52.880
 so they will love him

00:31:52.880 --> 00:31:53.620
 with all their heart

00:31:53.620 --> 00:31:54.440
 and with all their soul

00:31:54.440 --> 00:31:55.000
 and live.

00:31:56.000 --> 00:31:56.779
 So the very thing

00:31:56.779 --> 00:31:58.120
 Moses tells the people

00:31:58.120 --> 00:31:58.900
 they needed to do

00:31:58.900 --> 00:31:59.519
 in the Shema,

00:32:00.299 --> 00:32:01.319
 he later tells them

00:32:01.319 --> 00:32:02.000
 they can't do

00:32:02.000 --> 00:32:03.440
 unless God gave them

00:32:03.440 --> 00:32:04.360
 new hearts to understand.

00:32:05.180 --> 00:32:05.860
 Isn't that interesting?

00:32:06.039 --> 00:32:06.660
 So in the middle

00:32:06.660 --> 00:32:07.559
 of the Mosaic Covenant,

00:32:08.400 --> 00:32:09.779
 Moses is prophesying

00:32:09.779 --> 00:32:10.819
 about a new covenant

00:32:10.819 --> 00:32:12.259
 that would need to come.

00:32:12.259 --> 00:32:13.759
 So you see,

00:32:13.879 --> 00:32:14.599
 the new covenant

00:32:14.599 --> 00:32:15.640
 would involve

00:32:15.640 --> 00:32:17.559
 a total change

00:32:17.559 --> 00:32:18.160
 of heart

00:32:18.160 --> 00:32:19.019
 for God's people.

00:32:20.039 --> 00:32:20.759
 God needed

00:32:20.759 --> 00:32:21.559
 to give them

00:32:21.559 --> 00:32:22.440
 new hearts

00:32:22.440 --> 00:32:24.619
 or what we would say

00:32:24.619 --> 00:32:24.960
 today,

00:32:25.279 --> 00:32:25.740
 conversion.

00:32:27.940 --> 00:32:29.059
 The people

00:32:29.059 --> 00:32:29.960
 need to be converted

00:32:29.960 --> 00:32:30.619
 by the Spirit.

00:32:32.059 --> 00:32:32.879
 I don't think

00:32:32.879 --> 00:32:34.079
 Moses fully understood

00:32:34.079 --> 00:32:34.940
 what he was saying here,

00:32:35.500 --> 00:32:36.259
 but the new covenant

00:32:36.259 --> 00:32:36.940
 doesn't really become

00:32:36.940 --> 00:32:37.779
 explicit until

00:32:37.779 --> 00:32:38.660
 Jeremiah's day.

00:32:39.580 --> 00:32:40.340
 But you can see

00:32:40.340 --> 00:32:41.420
 the progressive revelation

00:32:41.420 --> 00:32:43.140
 of the new covenant

00:32:43.140 --> 00:32:43.820
 that would establish

00:32:43.820 --> 00:32:45.220
 a truly righteous kingdom.

00:32:46.019 --> 00:32:46.540
 So you can see

00:32:46.540 --> 00:32:47.660
 it starts dimly

00:32:47.660 --> 00:32:48.660
 in the Mosaic Covenant,

00:32:48.880 --> 00:32:49.600
 but then the Bible

00:32:49.600 --> 00:32:50.240
 is going to become

00:32:50.240 --> 00:32:50.980
 much clearer

00:32:50.980 --> 00:32:52.480
 as the story goes along.

00:32:53.720 --> 00:32:54.540
 So in Joshua,

00:32:55.480 --> 00:32:57.960
 there's a major advance

00:32:57.960 --> 00:32:58.640
 in the storyline

00:32:58.640 --> 00:33:00.620
 because the second dimension

00:33:00.620 --> 00:33:01.120
 of the promise

00:33:01.120 --> 00:33:01.560
 to Abraham

00:33:01.560 --> 00:33:02.420
 is now fulfilled.

00:33:03.420 --> 00:33:04.519
 Israel now possesses

00:33:04.519 --> 00:33:05.259
 the land of Canaan.

00:33:06.259 --> 00:33:07.980
 But with the universal blessing

00:33:07.980 --> 00:33:08.640
 promised to Abraham,

00:33:08.660 --> 00:33:09.320
 Abraham become

00:33:09.320 --> 00:33:10.460
 a reality through them.

00:33:11.700 --> 00:33:12.240
 Toward the end

00:33:12.240 --> 00:33:13.120
 of the book of Joshua,

00:33:13.279 --> 00:33:13.840
 when renewing

00:33:13.840 --> 00:33:14.820
 the Mosaic Covenant,

00:33:15.540 --> 00:33:16.259
 Joshua echoes

00:33:16.259 --> 00:33:17.060
 Moses' words

00:33:17.060 --> 00:33:17.880
 and tells the people,

00:33:18.259 --> 00:33:18.940
 you are not able

00:33:18.940 --> 00:33:19.640
 to serve the Lord

00:33:19.640 --> 00:33:21.220
 and God's jealous wrath

00:33:21.220 --> 00:33:22.040
 will burn against you.

00:33:23.019 --> 00:33:24.279
 So the key theme

00:33:24.279 --> 00:33:25.180
 in Deuteronomy

00:33:25.180 --> 00:33:25.640
 and Joshua

00:33:25.640 --> 00:33:26.180
 is this.

00:33:27.180 --> 00:33:28.140
 It explains

00:33:28.140 --> 00:33:28.980
 that the law

00:33:28.980 --> 00:33:31.019
 gave Israel

00:33:31.019 --> 00:33:32.340
 a set of moral requirements

00:33:32.340 --> 00:33:33.680
 but not the power

00:33:33.680 --> 00:33:34.380
 to obey them.

00:33:35.120 --> 00:33:35.700
 So the law

00:33:35.700 --> 00:33:36.340
 gave Israel

00:33:36.340 --> 00:33:37.460
 a set of moral requirements

00:33:37.460 --> 00:33:38.700
 but not the power

00:33:38.700 --> 00:33:39.579
 to obey them.

00:33:40.299 --> 00:33:41.079
 So the Jews

00:33:41.079 --> 00:33:41.779
 weren't asking

00:33:41.779 --> 00:33:42.740
 whether Adam

00:33:42.740 --> 00:33:43.440
 had a belly button.

00:33:44.000 --> 00:33:44.660
 That really wasn't

00:33:44.660 --> 00:33:45.240
 on their minds.

00:33:45.700 --> 00:33:46.299
 The mystery

00:33:46.299 --> 00:33:48.120
 is how is Israel

00:33:48.120 --> 00:33:49.000
 going to be a blessing

00:33:49.000 --> 00:33:50.079
 to the whole earth,

00:33:50.240 --> 00:33:51.039
 the whole world,

00:33:51.180 --> 00:33:52.000
 if they don't have

00:33:52.000 --> 00:33:52.400
 the power

00:33:52.400 --> 00:33:53.079
 to obey the law

00:33:53.079 --> 00:33:53.620
 in their hearts?

00:33:53.619 --> 00:33:55.439
 How is God

00:33:55.439 --> 00:33:56.279
 going to build

00:33:56.279 --> 00:33:56.879
 a kingdom

00:33:56.879 --> 00:33:57.519
 that would bless

00:33:57.519 --> 00:33:58.419
 the whole world?

00:33:59.339 --> 00:34:00.159
 It's a mystery.

00:34:00.579 --> 00:34:01.219
 We don't know

00:34:01.219 --> 00:34:01.819
 at this point.

00:34:03.319 --> 00:34:04.779
 And as the story

00:34:04.779 --> 00:34:05.699
 unfolds,

00:34:05.739 --> 00:34:06.559
 the book of Judges

00:34:06.559 --> 00:34:07.159
 and Ruth

00:34:07.159 --> 00:34:08.279
 would form a bridge

00:34:08.279 --> 00:34:09.079
 to the next major

00:34:09.079 --> 00:34:09.839
 part of the Bible.

00:34:11.119 --> 00:34:12.259
 The book of Judges

00:34:12.259 --> 00:34:13.420
 dashes any hope,

00:34:13.900 --> 00:34:14.539
 any hope,

00:34:14.739 --> 00:34:15.279
 that a kingdom

00:34:15.279 --> 00:34:16.219
 of worldwide blessing

00:34:16.219 --> 00:34:16.980
 would come through Israel

00:34:16.980 --> 00:34:17.739
 anytime soon.

00:34:18.480 --> 00:34:19.440
 So God had told

00:34:19.440 --> 00:34:20.440
 the people in Deuteronomy,

00:34:20.440 --> 00:34:22.599
 you shall not do

00:34:22.599 --> 00:34:23.760
 according to all

00:34:23.760 --> 00:34:24.360
 that we are doing

00:34:24.360 --> 00:34:24.880
 here today,

00:34:25.320 --> 00:34:26.039
 everyone doing

00:34:26.039 --> 00:34:26.700
 whatever is right

00:34:26.700 --> 00:34:27.500
 in his own eyes.

00:34:28.539 --> 00:34:29.679
 A recurring verse

00:34:29.679 --> 00:34:30.280
 in Judges is,

00:34:30.720 --> 00:34:32.019
 every man did

00:34:32.019 --> 00:34:32.740
 that which was right

00:34:32.740 --> 00:34:33.480
 in his own eyes.

00:34:34.000 --> 00:34:35.039
 So the people

00:34:35.039 --> 00:34:35.579
 of Israel

00:34:35.579 --> 00:34:36.360
 are doing a downward

00:34:36.360 --> 00:34:37.179
 nosedive

00:34:37.179 --> 00:34:38.900
 as they break

00:34:38.900 --> 00:34:39.639
 the Mosaic Covenant

00:34:39.639 --> 00:34:40.980
 and how they're living.

00:34:41.720 --> 00:34:42.220
 And with these

00:34:42.220 --> 00:34:43.039
 gruesome episodes

00:34:43.039 --> 00:34:44.460
 of depravity,

00:34:44.940 --> 00:34:45.519
 instead of being

00:34:45.519 --> 00:34:45.960
 a blessing,

00:34:46.860 --> 00:34:47.519
 Israel seemed to be

00:34:47.519 --> 00:34:48.700
 cursed with the world.

00:34:48.699 --> 00:34:50.739
 So Israel needed

00:34:50.739 --> 00:34:51.739
 a new direction,

00:34:51.899 --> 00:34:52.539
 a new direction.

00:34:53.079 --> 00:34:54.119
 And a common refrain

00:34:54.119 --> 00:34:55.039
 in Judges is,

00:34:55.519 --> 00:34:56.460
 in those days,

00:34:56.799 --> 00:34:57.559
 there was no king

00:34:57.559 --> 00:34:58.039
 in Israel.

00:34:58.739 --> 00:34:59.399
 There was no king.

00:34:59.960 --> 00:35:00.960
 So according to Judges,

00:35:01.399 --> 00:35:02.019
 Israel needed

00:35:02.019 --> 00:35:02.980
 a righteous king

00:35:02.980 --> 00:35:03.659
 for Israel

00:35:03.659 --> 00:35:04.579
 to truly be

00:35:04.579 --> 00:35:05.659
 a righteous kingdom

00:35:05.659 --> 00:35:06.219
 in the world.

00:35:07.199 --> 00:35:07.279
 Right?

00:35:07.719 --> 00:35:08.500
 But Ruth,

00:35:08.819 --> 00:35:09.299
 the book of Ruth,

00:35:09.379 --> 00:35:10.579
 in contrast to Judges,

00:35:11.039 --> 00:35:12.000
 shows us the beauty

00:35:12.000 --> 00:35:12.599
 of living

00:35:12.599 --> 00:35:14.460
 under the Mosaic Covenant

00:35:14.460 --> 00:35:15.539
 and Yahweh's rule.

00:35:16.339 --> 00:35:17.379
 The beautiful

00:35:17.380 --> 00:35:20.559
 picture that we get

00:35:20.559 --> 00:35:21.360
 of life under

00:35:21.360 --> 00:35:22.500
 Yahweh's rule.

00:35:22.980 --> 00:35:23.680
 So Boaz,

00:35:24.200 --> 00:35:24.480
 right,

00:35:24.539 --> 00:35:25.240
 is that kinsman

00:35:25.240 --> 00:35:25.680
 redeemer.

00:35:26.680 --> 00:35:27.160
 Interestingly,

00:35:27.480 --> 00:35:28.260
 Boaz is from

00:35:28.260 --> 00:35:29.559
 Bethlehem in Judah.

00:35:31.640 --> 00:35:32.460
 And he was

00:35:32.460 --> 00:35:33.360
 that kinsman redeemer,

00:35:33.780 --> 00:35:34.400
 the relative

00:35:34.400 --> 00:35:35.079
 that can redeem

00:35:35.079 --> 00:35:35.680
 someone by

00:35:35.680 --> 00:35:36.440
 bearing the cost

00:35:36.440 --> 00:35:36.980
 himself.

00:35:38.099 --> 00:35:38.960
 Just like Yahweh

00:35:38.960 --> 00:35:39.860
 redeemed his people

00:35:39.860 --> 00:35:40.380
 from Egypt

00:35:40.380 --> 00:35:40.920
 in the Exodus,

00:35:41.519 --> 00:35:42.039
 the redeemer

00:35:42.039 --> 00:35:43.059
 images Yahweh

00:35:43.059 --> 00:35:43.880
 who helps

00:35:43.880 --> 00:35:44.380
 the helpless.

00:35:44.380 --> 00:35:46.740
 And Boaz

00:35:46.740 --> 00:35:47.460
 redeeming Ruth

00:35:47.460 --> 00:35:48.039
 pictures what

00:35:48.039 --> 00:35:48.660
 God would do

00:35:48.660 --> 00:35:49.140
 for Israel

00:35:49.140 --> 00:35:49.720
 in the future.

00:35:50.720 --> 00:35:51.099
 In the fullness

00:35:51.099 --> 00:35:51.940
 of God's plan,

00:35:52.579 --> 00:35:53.599
 Boaz foreshadows

00:35:53.599 --> 00:35:54.720
 the work

00:35:54.720 --> 00:35:55.380
 of the greater

00:35:55.380 --> 00:35:55.940
 redeemer,

00:35:56.760 --> 00:35:57.099
 Jesus,

00:35:57.539 --> 00:35:58.079
 who came to

00:35:58.079 --> 00:35:58.559
 the spiritually

00:35:58.559 --> 00:35:59.220
 destitute,

00:35:59.680 --> 00:36:00.480
 those enslaved

00:36:00.480 --> 00:36:01.000
 in sin

00:36:01.000 --> 00:36:01.980
 and in helpless

00:36:01.980 --> 00:36:02.400
 estate,

00:36:02.559 --> 00:36:03.180
 and he bore

00:36:03.180 --> 00:36:04.099
 the cost himself.

00:36:05.019 --> 00:36:05.640
 And just like

00:36:05.640 --> 00:36:06.260
 Ruth,

00:36:06.559 --> 00:36:07.240
 a Gentile

00:36:07.240 --> 00:36:08.059
 was brought

00:36:08.059 --> 00:36:08.660
 into the fold

00:36:08.660 --> 00:36:09.360
 of God's people

00:36:09.360 --> 00:36:10.019
 by the redeemer,

00:36:11.140 --> 00:36:12.059
 that future

00:36:12.059 --> 00:36:12.660
 descendant of

00:36:12.660 --> 00:36:12.960
 Ruth,

00:36:12.960 --> 00:36:14.119
 the son of David,

00:36:14.500 --> 00:36:15.039
 would one day

00:36:15.039 --> 00:36:15.780
 bring many more

00:36:15.780 --> 00:36:17.039
 Ruths and many

00:36:17.039 --> 00:36:17.780
 more Gentiles

00:36:17.780 --> 00:36:18.340
 into the fold

00:36:18.340 --> 00:36:19.000
 of God's people.

00:36:19.760 --> 00:36:20.300
 So if someone

00:36:20.300 --> 00:36:20.980
 invited you to

00:36:20.980 --> 00:36:21.619
 listen to a story,

00:36:21.699 --> 00:36:22.000
 sit down,

00:36:22.039 --> 00:36:22.380
 let me tell you

00:36:22.380 --> 00:36:23.159
 a story about

00:36:23.159 --> 00:36:23.699
 a redeemer

00:36:23.699 --> 00:36:24.840
 who performed

00:36:24.840 --> 00:36:25.519
 great acts

00:36:25.519 --> 00:36:26.019
 of mercy

00:36:26.019 --> 00:36:27.139
 before entering

00:36:27.139 --> 00:36:27.980
 into a covenant

00:36:27.980 --> 00:36:28.720
 with a bribe

00:36:28.720 --> 00:36:29.460
 from the nations.

00:36:30.280 --> 00:36:30.960
 That story

00:36:30.960 --> 00:36:31.480
 could be about

00:36:31.480 --> 00:36:32.019
 Boaz,

00:36:32.420 --> 00:36:32.900
 or it could be

00:36:32.900 --> 00:36:33.440
 about Jesus.

00:36:34.079 --> 00:36:35.039
 That's typology.

00:36:35.579 --> 00:36:36.380
 So it's a shadow

00:36:36.380 --> 00:36:37.019
 in reality.

00:36:37.240 --> 00:36:37.940
 God is giving us

00:36:37.940 --> 00:36:39.119
 preparatory shadows

00:36:39.119 --> 00:36:39.880
 for the real

00:36:39.880 --> 00:36:41.039
 saving events

00:36:41.039 --> 00:36:41.679
 that will come

00:36:41.679 --> 00:36:42.780
 along.

00:36:42.960 --> 00:36:44.159
 along the way.

00:36:44.820 --> 00:36:45.280
 And the book

00:36:45.280 --> 00:36:45.760
 of Ruth

00:36:45.760 --> 00:36:47.019
 closes with

00:36:47.019 --> 00:36:47.920
 a genealogy.

00:36:48.579 --> 00:36:49.480
 The last word

00:36:49.480 --> 00:36:49.960
 in the book

00:36:49.960 --> 00:36:50.400
 of Ruth

00:36:50.400 --> 00:36:51.260
 is the name

00:36:51.260 --> 00:36:52.019
 David.

00:36:52.860 --> 00:36:53.500
 So the book

00:36:53.500 --> 00:36:54.220
 culminates with

00:36:54.220 --> 00:36:54.599
 the man who

00:36:54.599 --> 00:36:55.019
 served as

00:36:55.019 --> 00:36:55.699
 Israel's king,

00:36:55.840 --> 00:36:56.039
 David.

00:36:56.920 --> 00:36:57.619
 And the need

00:36:57.619 --> 00:36:58.059
 for a king

00:36:58.059 --> 00:36:58.659
 is immediately

00:36:58.659 --> 00:36:59.159
 fulfilled in

00:36:59.159 --> 00:36:59.579
 the reign of

00:36:59.579 --> 00:36:59.840
 David.

00:37:00.019 --> 00:37:00.760
 The need

00:37:00.760 --> 00:37:01.199
 for a king

00:37:01.199 --> 00:37:01.619
 that judges

00:37:01.619 --> 00:37:02.559
 says in order

00:37:02.559 --> 00:37:02.980
 for Israel

00:37:02.980 --> 00:37:03.280
 to be a

00:37:03.280 --> 00:37:03.900
 righteous nation.

00:37:05.240 --> 00:37:06.199
 And David

00:37:06.199 --> 00:37:06.679
 comes.

00:37:07.400 --> 00:37:07.860
 And of course,

00:37:08.019 --> 00:37:08.720
 Boaz and Ruth

00:37:08.720 --> 00:37:09.920
 are not only

00:37:09.920 --> 00:37:11.179
 ancestors of David,

00:37:11.340 --> 00:37:12.199
 but also of Jesus.

00:37:12.199 --> 00:37:14.239
 So this far

00:37:14.239 --> 00:37:15.699
 in the story,

00:37:16.199 --> 00:37:17.059
 we know the promise

00:37:17.059 --> 00:37:18.179
 of victory over the serpent

00:37:18.179 --> 00:37:18.899
 and his offspring

00:37:18.899 --> 00:37:20.399
 will come through a child

00:37:20.399 --> 00:37:20.919
 of Abraham.

00:37:21.639 --> 00:37:23.139
 But in 1 and 2 Samuel,

00:37:23.659 --> 00:37:24.519
 the author gives us

00:37:24.519 --> 00:37:25.399
 a new feature

00:37:25.399 --> 00:37:26.659
 about this much

00:37:26.659 --> 00:37:27.819
 anticipated promised

00:37:27.819 --> 00:37:28.299
 offspring.

00:37:28.899 --> 00:37:30.099
 But the divine author

00:37:30.099 --> 00:37:30.719
 has been giving us

00:37:30.719 --> 00:37:31.739
 hints along the way.

00:37:31.739 --> 00:37:32.239
 Yeah.

00:37:32.239 --> 00:37:32.299
 Yeah.

00:37:32.299 --> 00:37:32.359
 Yeah.

00:37:32.359 --> 00:37:34.359
 Yeah.

00:37:34.359 --> 00:37:34.419
 Yeah.

00:37:34.419 --> 00:37:34.460
 Yeah.

00:37:34.460 --> 00:37:34.480
 Yeah.

00:37:34.480 --> 00:37:34.500
 Yeah.

00:37:34.500 --> 00:37:34.559
 Yeah.

00:37:34.559 --> 00:37:34.579
 Yeah.

00:37:34.579 --> 00:37:34.639
 Yeah.

00:37:34.639 --> 00:37:34.659
 Yeah.

00:37:34.659 --> 00:37:34.679
 Yeah.

00:37:34.679 --> 00:37:34.739
 Yeah.

00:37:34.739 --> 00:37:35.239
 Yeah.

00:37:35.239 --> 00:37:42.179
 Yeah.

00:37:42.179 --> 00:37:43.579
 Here we go.

00:37:45.579 --> 00:37:46.519
 So remember that

00:37:46.519 --> 00:37:47.699
 false prophet character

00:37:47.699 --> 00:37:48.139
 Balaam,

00:37:48.679 --> 00:37:50.079
 who hated Israel

00:37:50.079 --> 00:37:50.739
 in the wilderness

00:37:50.739 --> 00:37:51.639
 back in the book

00:37:51.639 --> 00:37:52.119
 of Numbers?

00:37:52.980 --> 00:37:53.819
 Balaam is looking

00:37:53.819 --> 00:37:54.679
 to get rich quick.

00:37:55.519 --> 00:37:55.599
 All right.

00:37:55.659 --> 00:37:56.500
 In Numbers 24,

00:37:56.679 --> 00:37:57.619
 God just takes over

00:37:57.619 --> 00:37:58.239
 and starts speaking

00:37:58.239 --> 00:37:58.839
 through Balaam.

00:37:59.339 --> 00:38:00.019
 Listen to what Balaam

00:38:00.019 --> 00:38:00.839
 prophesied back

00:38:00.839 --> 00:38:01.719
 in the wilderness.

00:38:01.719 --> 00:38:03.339
 I see him,

00:38:03.699 --> 00:38:04.239
 but not now.

00:38:04.799 --> 00:38:05.679
 I behold him,

00:38:05.759 --> 00:38:06.219
 but not near.

00:38:06.759 --> 00:38:08.119
 A star shall come

00:38:08.119 --> 00:38:08.639
 out of Jacob

00:38:08.639 --> 00:38:09.939
 and a scepter

00:38:09.939 --> 00:38:11.019
 shall rise

00:38:11.019 --> 00:38:11.779
 out of Israel

00:38:11.779 --> 00:38:12.839
 and it shall crush

00:38:12.839 --> 00:38:14.119
 the forehead of Moab

00:38:14.119 --> 00:38:14.679
 and break down

00:38:14.679 --> 00:38:16.000
 all the sons of Sheph.

00:38:18.379 --> 00:38:19.319
 Crush the forehead

00:38:19.319 --> 00:38:20.039
 of Moab?

00:38:20.759 --> 00:38:21.679
 Does that sound familiar?

00:38:22.239 --> 00:38:23.519
 It echoes those words

00:38:23.519 --> 00:38:24.219
 that God made

00:38:24.219 --> 00:38:24.799
 to Adam and Eve,

00:38:24.879 --> 00:38:25.279
 doesn't it?

00:38:25.480 --> 00:38:26.539
 Back in Genesis 3.

00:38:27.239 --> 00:38:27.959
 The offspring

00:38:27.959 --> 00:38:28.899
 would crush

00:38:28.899 --> 00:38:29.759
 the serpent's head.

00:38:29.760 --> 00:38:31.500
 So the story's unfolding.

00:38:32.020 --> 00:38:32.680
 The promise

00:38:32.680 --> 00:38:35.000
 to Abraham

00:38:35.000 --> 00:38:36.320
 and to Adam and Eve

00:38:36.320 --> 00:38:37.500
 will be fulfilled

00:38:37.500 --> 00:38:38.060
 through a king.

00:38:38.820 --> 00:38:38.960
 Right?

00:38:39.040 --> 00:38:39.700
 So that's progressive

00:38:39.700 --> 00:38:40.220
 revelation.

00:38:41.960 --> 00:38:42.560
 And God makes

00:38:42.560 --> 00:38:42.960
 a covenant

00:38:42.960 --> 00:38:43.680
 with this king,

00:38:43.820 --> 00:38:44.600
 with David,

00:38:44.720 --> 00:38:45.780
 in 2 Samuel 7.

00:38:48.680 --> 00:38:49.440
 Think about how

00:38:49.440 --> 00:38:49.820
 the covenant

00:38:49.820 --> 00:38:50.160
 with David

00:38:50.160 --> 00:38:50.660
 might relate

00:38:50.660 --> 00:38:51.280
 to the promise

00:38:51.280 --> 00:38:52.340
 that God made

00:38:52.340 --> 00:38:53.120
 with Abraham

00:38:53.120 --> 00:38:53.840
 and Adam and Eve.

00:38:54.340 --> 00:38:55.600
 So 2 Samuel 7,

00:38:55.640 --> 00:38:56.960
 verse 11 to 16.

00:38:57.120 --> 00:38:57.500
 This is called

00:38:57.500 --> 00:38:58.460
 the Davidic covenant.

00:38:58.460 --> 00:39:00.019
 The Davidic covenant.

00:39:00.720 --> 00:39:01.559
 The Lord declared

00:39:01.559 --> 00:39:02.119
 to David

00:39:02.119 --> 00:39:03.659
 that the Lord himself

00:39:03.659 --> 00:39:04.280
 will establish

00:39:04.280 --> 00:39:05.079
 a house for you.

00:39:05.800 --> 00:39:06.760
 When your days

00:39:06.760 --> 00:39:07.260
 are over

00:39:07.260 --> 00:39:08.260
 and you rest

00:39:08.260 --> 00:39:09.059
 with your ancestors,

00:39:09.480 --> 00:39:10.360
 I will raise up

00:39:10.360 --> 00:39:10.860
 your offspring

00:39:10.860 --> 00:39:11.699
 to succeed you.

00:39:12.199 --> 00:39:12.880
 Your own flesh

00:39:12.880 --> 00:39:13.320
 and blood

00:39:13.320 --> 00:39:14.380
 and I will establish

00:39:14.380 --> 00:39:14.920
 his kingdom.

00:39:15.480 --> 00:39:16.139
 He is the one

00:39:16.139 --> 00:39:16.539
 who will build

00:39:16.539 --> 00:39:17.460
 a house for my name

00:39:17.460 --> 00:39:18.619
 and I will establish

00:39:18.619 --> 00:39:18.960
 the throne

00:39:18.960 --> 00:39:19.920
 of his kingdom forever.

00:39:20.559 --> 00:39:21.639
 I will be his father

00:39:21.639 --> 00:39:22.760
 and he will be my son.

00:39:23.519 --> 00:39:24.420
 When he does wrong,

00:39:24.579 --> 00:39:25.340
 I will punish him

00:39:25.340 --> 00:39:26.179
 with a rod wielded

00:39:26.179 --> 00:39:26.599
 by men,

00:39:26.599 --> 00:39:27.699
 with floggings

00:39:27.699 --> 00:39:28.940
 inflicted by human hands.

00:39:29.239 --> 00:39:30.019
 But my love

00:39:30.019 --> 00:39:31.119
 will never be taken

00:39:31.119 --> 00:39:31.739
 away from him

00:39:31.739 --> 00:39:33.019
 as I took it away

00:39:33.019 --> 00:39:33.539
 from Saul,

00:39:33.839 --> 00:39:34.539
 whom I removed

00:39:34.539 --> 00:39:35.199
 from before you.

00:39:35.500 --> 00:39:36.039
 Your house

00:39:36.039 --> 00:39:36.619
 and your kingdom

00:39:36.619 --> 00:39:37.960
 will endure forever.

00:39:38.219 --> 00:39:38.799
 Before me,

00:39:38.920 --> 00:39:39.460
 your throne

00:39:39.460 --> 00:39:40.159
 will be established

00:39:40.159 --> 00:39:40.980
 forever.

00:39:42.480 --> 00:39:43.259
 So there's an

00:39:43.259 --> 00:39:44.179
 unconditional aspect

00:39:44.179 --> 00:39:44.839
 to this covenant.

00:39:45.380 --> 00:39:46.019
 God will never,

00:39:46.159 --> 00:39:46.420
 ever,

00:39:46.539 --> 00:39:46.880
 ever,

00:39:47.019 --> 00:39:47.400
 ever,

00:39:47.400 --> 00:39:48.980
 ever revoke

00:39:48.980 --> 00:39:49.339
 his love

00:39:49.339 --> 00:39:50.079
 for David's house.

00:39:50.819 --> 00:39:51.259
 However,

00:39:51.339 --> 00:39:52.039
 there is a conditional

00:39:52.039 --> 00:39:52.960
 aspect to it as well.

00:39:52.960 --> 00:39:53.960
 The king

00:39:53.960 --> 00:39:55.159
 could not presume

00:39:55.159 --> 00:39:56.159
 upon God's grace.

00:39:56.740 --> 00:39:57.820
 The Lord would discipline

00:39:57.820 --> 00:39:58.800
 David's line

00:39:58.800 --> 00:39:59.880
 for his transgressions.

00:40:00.740 --> 00:40:01.980
 So how do these

00:40:01.980 --> 00:40:02.720
 two things relate?

00:40:02.920 --> 00:40:03.740
 How is the Davidic covenant

00:40:03.740 --> 00:40:05.420
 related to the previous covenant?

00:40:06.900 --> 00:40:08.119
 The Davidic covenant

00:40:08.119 --> 00:40:09.019
 is an exposition

00:40:09.019 --> 00:40:10.199
 of the previous covenants.

00:40:11.539 --> 00:40:13.000
 The promised offspring

00:40:13.000 --> 00:40:15.159
 in Genesis 3

00:40:15.159 --> 00:40:17.400
 was fulfilled

00:40:17.400 --> 00:40:18.820
 with Abraham.

00:40:18.820 --> 00:40:20.620
 Moses implemented

00:40:20.620 --> 00:40:21.320
 that promise

00:40:21.320 --> 00:40:22.860
 and now

00:40:22.860 --> 00:40:23.500
 we see

00:40:23.500 --> 00:40:24.800
 that

00:40:24.800 --> 00:40:25.800
 offspring

00:40:25.800 --> 00:40:26.440
 will be a king

00:40:26.440 --> 00:40:27.840
 from the house

00:40:27.840 --> 00:40:28.220
 of David.

00:40:30.420 --> 00:40:31.620
 The promised offspring

00:40:31.620 --> 00:40:32.380
 will be a king

00:40:32.380 --> 00:40:33.200
 that establishes

00:40:33.200 --> 00:40:34.039
 a truly just

00:40:34.039 --> 00:40:34.900
 and righteous kingdom.

00:40:36.880 --> 00:40:37.800
 So as you read

00:40:37.800 --> 00:40:38.300
 this narrative

00:40:38.300 --> 00:40:39.440
 of 1 and 2 Samuel,

00:40:39.980 --> 00:40:40.680
 you see that David

00:40:40.680 --> 00:40:41.260
 was a good king,

00:40:41.360 --> 00:40:41.700
 of course.

00:40:41.920 --> 00:40:42.539
 He was a good king.

00:40:43.100 --> 00:40:43.840
 But Israel needed

00:40:43.840 --> 00:40:44.400
 a better king.

00:40:45.660 --> 00:40:47.019
 David obeyed Yahweh

00:40:47.019 --> 00:40:48.360
 and trusted in the Lord

00:40:48.360 --> 00:40:49.640
 rather than taking

00:40:49.640 --> 00:40:50.780
 revenge against Saul

00:40:50.780 --> 00:40:51.700
 but he sinned

00:40:51.700 --> 00:40:52.460
 extravagantly

00:40:52.460 --> 00:40:53.960
 by committing adultery

00:40:53.960 --> 00:40:54.640
 with Bathsheba

00:40:54.640 --> 00:40:55.840
 and then turning around

00:40:55.840 --> 00:40:56.200
 and murdering

00:40:56.200 --> 00:40:57.099
 her husband, Uriah.

00:40:57.740 --> 00:40:58.680
 So a better king

00:40:58.680 --> 00:40:59.200
 was needed

00:40:59.200 --> 00:41:00.400
 for the promise

00:41:00.400 --> 00:41:00.860
 that Israel

00:41:00.860 --> 00:41:02.019
 would be a universal blessing.

00:41:02.920 --> 00:41:03.340
 So here are

00:41:03.340 --> 00:41:04.579
 David's last words.

00:41:06.420 --> 00:41:07.019
 I don't know

00:41:07.019 --> 00:41:07.680
 if you can read that.

00:41:07.860 --> 00:41:08.800
 His last words

00:41:08.800 --> 00:41:09.760
 in 2 Samuel.

00:41:11.900 --> 00:41:13.019
 David draws attention

00:41:13.019 --> 00:41:14.340
 to this ideal king.

00:41:16.059 --> 00:41:17.260
 The spirit of the Lord

00:41:17.260 --> 00:41:18.099
 spoke through me.

00:41:18.360 --> 00:41:21.000
 His word was on my tongue.

00:41:21.519 --> 00:41:22.800
 The God of Israel spoke.

00:41:23.180 --> 00:41:24.019
 The rock of Israel

00:41:24.019 --> 00:41:24.720
 said to me,

00:41:25.260 --> 00:41:25.760
 when one,

00:41:26.000 --> 00:41:26.760
 that is the king,

00:41:27.660 --> 00:41:28.519
 rules over people

00:41:28.519 --> 00:41:29.059
 in righteousness,

00:41:29.519 --> 00:41:30.400
 when he rules

00:41:30.400 --> 00:41:31.260
 in the fear of God,

00:41:31.780 --> 00:41:32.720
 he is like the light

00:41:32.720 --> 00:41:33.320
 of the morning

00:41:33.320 --> 00:41:34.120
 at sunrise

00:41:34.120 --> 00:41:35.500
 on a cloudless morning,

00:41:35.720 --> 00:41:36.680
 like the brightness

00:41:36.680 --> 00:41:37.599
 after rain

00:41:37.599 --> 00:41:38.900
 that brings grass

00:41:38.900 --> 00:41:39.720
 from the earth.

00:41:40.599 --> 00:41:41.760
 So God is speaking

00:41:41.760 --> 00:41:43.300
 to David clearly

00:41:43.300 --> 00:41:44.500
 in verse 2.

00:41:45.579 --> 00:41:46.039
 And this king

00:41:46.039 --> 00:41:47.460
 is radically God-centered.

00:41:47.460 --> 00:41:48.900
 He rules

00:41:48.900 --> 00:41:50.199
 in the fear of God

00:41:50.199 --> 00:41:51.320
 and dispenses

00:41:51.320 --> 00:41:52.559
 justice in the land.

00:41:53.659 --> 00:41:54.300
 Israel needed

00:41:54.300 --> 00:41:54.860
 a king

00:41:54.860 --> 00:41:55.880
 who dawns

00:41:55.880 --> 00:41:56.340
 like the light

00:41:56.340 --> 00:41:56.880
 of the sun

00:41:56.880 --> 00:41:58.079
 and blessed the people

00:41:58.079 --> 00:41:59.099
 through gentle rains.

00:41:59.500 --> 00:41:59.980
 That king

00:41:59.980 --> 00:42:00.340
 would bless

00:42:00.340 --> 00:42:01.019
 the whole world.

00:42:02.300 --> 00:42:02.920
 And Israel needed

00:42:02.920 --> 00:42:03.500
 a better king

00:42:03.500 --> 00:42:03.940
 than David.

00:42:04.780 --> 00:42:05.460
 So who would be

00:42:05.460 --> 00:42:06.280
 that promised king?

00:42:06.280 --> 00:42:08.920
 Like the classic story

00:42:08.920 --> 00:42:09.480
 in King Arthur

00:42:09.480 --> 00:42:10.980
 where the people

00:42:10.980 --> 00:42:11.720
 waited for that

00:42:11.720 --> 00:42:12.320
 promised king

00:42:12.320 --> 00:42:12.780
 who would come

00:42:12.780 --> 00:42:13.340
 and pull out

00:42:13.340 --> 00:42:14.240
 the sword of Excalibur

00:42:14.240 --> 00:42:14.940
 out of the stone.

00:42:15.860 --> 00:42:16.780
 The Bible asks

00:42:16.780 --> 00:42:17.280
 the question,

00:42:17.420 --> 00:42:18.120
 who is that king

00:42:18.120 --> 00:42:18.920
 that's going to come?

00:42:20.040 --> 00:42:20.780
 Who will be

00:42:20.780 --> 00:42:21.440
 the promised king?

00:42:21.500 --> 00:42:21.960
 It's a mystery.

00:42:22.820 --> 00:42:23.460
 It's a mystery.

00:42:23.580 --> 00:42:23.860
 And the Jews

00:42:23.860 --> 00:42:24.780
 talked about this.

00:42:25.260 --> 00:42:25.800
 The Psalms

00:42:25.800 --> 00:42:26.740
 are full of promises

00:42:26.740 --> 00:42:27.560
 of that promised

00:42:27.560 --> 00:42:28.940
 Davidic king

00:42:28.940 --> 00:42:30.660
 when he would

00:42:30.660 --> 00:42:31.980
 one day come

00:42:31.980 --> 00:42:32.640
 and exercise

00:42:32.640 --> 00:42:33.420
 his rule.

00:42:33.420 --> 00:42:34.840
 And the future

00:42:34.840 --> 00:42:35.539
 Davidic king

00:42:35.539 --> 00:42:36.579
 came to be known

00:42:36.579 --> 00:42:37.579
 as the Messiah

00:42:37.579 --> 00:42:38.380
 or the Christ.

00:42:39.559 --> 00:42:40.360
 Who will be

00:42:40.360 --> 00:42:40.900
 the Messiah?

00:42:42.320 --> 00:42:43.059
 So just like

00:42:43.059 --> 00:42:43.800
 we ask ourselves

00:42:43.800 --> 00:42:44.559
 when will Christ

00:42:44.559 --> 00:42:45.000
 return?

00:42:45.840 --> 00:42:46.260
 When will be

00:42:46.260 --> 00:42:47.039
 that promised day

00:42:47.039 --> 00:42:47.400
 when we will

00:42:47.400 --> 00:42:47.900
 be with him

00:42:47.900 --> 00:42:48.240
 forever?

00:42:48.860 --> 00:42:49.260
 The Jews

00:42:49.260 --> 00:42:49.980
 ask themselves

00:42:49.980 --> 00:42:50.920
 when will

00:42:50.920 --> 00:42:51.500
 this Messiah

00:42:51.500 --> 00:42:52.079
 arrive?

00:42:52.200 --> 00:42:52.440
 When will

00:42:52.440 --> 00:42:52.880
 that righteous

00:42:52.880 --> 00:42:53.500
 king come

00:42:53.500 --> 00:42:54.599
 and make Israel

00:42:54.599 --> 00:42:55.460
 a truly righteous

00:42:55.460 --> 00:42:55.820
 kingdom

00:42:55.820 --> 00:42:56.579
 that will bless

00:42:56.579 --> 00:42:57.000
 the world?

00:42:57.740 --> 00:42:58.280
 Will Solomon

00:42:58.280 --> 00:42:58.940
 be that king

00:42:58.940 --> 00:43:00.159
 who ruled

00:43:00.159 --> 00:43:00.559
 into the fear

00:43:00.559 --> 00:43:00.900
 of God

00:43:00.900 --> 00:43:01.440
 bringing blessing

00:43:01.440 --> 00:43:02.079
 to the nations?

00:43:03.420 --> 00:43:04.240
 For a brief time

00:43:04.240 --> 00:43:04.960
 it almost seemed

00:43:04.960 --> 00:43:05.280
 like yeah

00:43:05.280 --> 00:43:06.480
 he's the guy.

00:43:07.200 --> 00:43:07.860
 It almost seemed

00:43:07.860 --> 00:43:08.400
 like the promises

00:43:08.400 --> 00:43:09.280
 were right around

00:43:09.280 --> 00:43:09.720
 the corner

00:43:09.720 --> 00:43:10.860
 in Solomon's reign.

00:43:11.700 --> 00:43:12.280
 Solomon's kingdom

00:43:12.280 --> 00:43:13.139
 blessed the surrounding

00:43:13.139 --> 00:43:13.619
 nations.

00:43:14.539 --> 00:43:15.059
 But sadly

00:43:15.059 --> 00:43:16.639
 Solomon turned

00:43:16.639 --> 00:43:17.360
 away from God.

00:43:18.400 --> 00:43:18.760
 And Solomon

00:43:18.760 --> 00:43:19.440
 wasn't that king

00:43:19.440 --> 00:43:20.099
 the people needed

00:43:20.099 --> 00:43:21.059
 for Israel

00:43:21.059 --> 00:43:21.780
 to truly be a

00:43:21.780 --> 00:43:22.519
 blessing to the world.

00:43:23.460 --> 00:43:23.820
 And things

00:43:23.820 --> 00:43:25.059
 rapidly deteriorate

00:43:25.059 --> 00:43:25.760
 from here on

00:43:25.760 --> 00:43:26.280
 with the kings.

00:43:26.800 --> 00:43:27.599
 Will Solomon's son

00:43:27.599 --> 00:43:28.099
 Rehoboam

00:43:28.099 --> 00:43:28.840
 be the promised

00:43:28.840 --> 00:43:29.260
 Christ

00:43:29.260 --> 00:43:29.980
 to the king

00:43:29.980 --> 00:43:30.680
 to bless the world?

00:43:31.180 --> 00:43:31.420
 No.

00:43:31.760 --> 00:43:31.980
 No.

00:43:32.059 --> 00:43:32.740
 He sinned greatly

00:43:32.739 --> 00:43:34.039
 by setting up

00:43:34.039 --> 00:43:35.259
 false gods

00:43:35.259 --> 00:43:35.899
 at the altars.

00:43:37.039 --> 00:43:37.279
 What about

00:43:37.279 --> 00:43:37.699
 the next king

00:43:37.699 --> 00:43:38.059
 Abijah?

00:43:38.199 --> 00:43:38.959
 Was he the Christ?

00:43:39.339 --> 00:43:39.579
 No.

00:43:39.659 --> 00:43:40.359
 His son Asaph?

00:43:40.479 --> 00:43:40.699
 No.

00:43:41.439 --> 00:43:42.259
 So for centuries

00:43:42.259 --> 00:43:42.739
 the kings

00:43:42.739 --> 00:43:43.219
 were wicked

00:43:43.219 --> 00:43:44.219
 in Israel.

00:43:44.799 --> 00:43:45.359
 And the cancer

00:43:45.359 --> 00:43:45.719
 of sin

00:43:45.719 --> 00:43:46.679
 residing in Israel

00:43:46.679 --> 00:43:47.539
 was spreading

00:43:47.539 --> 00:43:48.019
 rapidly

00:43:48.019 --> 00:43:49.599
 with no godly

00:43:49.599 --> 00:43:50.259
 king in sight.

00:43:52.119 --> 00:43:52.299
 So

00:43:52.299 --> 00:43:53.959
 by the time

00:43:53.959 --> 00:43:54.579
 you get to

00:43:54.579 --> 00:43:55.459
 the book of

00:43:55.460 --> 00:43:58.059
 by the time

00:43:58.059 --> 00:43:58.260
 you get

00:43:58.260 --> 00:43:58.500
 to the book

00:43:58.500 --> 00:43:58.980
 of Isaiah

00:43:58.980 --> 00:44:00.960
 the people

00:44:00.960 --> 00:44:02.220
 were experiencing

00:44:02.220 --> 00:44:02.639
 the covenant

00:44:02.639 --> 00:44:03.260
 curses

00:44:03.260 --> 00:44:04.179
 right back

00:44:04.179 --> 00:44:04.720
 in Deuteronomy

00:44:04.720 --> 00:44:05.139
 if you

00:44:05.139 --> 00:44:05.619
 if you

00:44:05.619 --> 00:44:06.079
 disobey

00:44:06.079 --> 00:44:06.460
 the Mosaic

00:44:06.460 --> 00:44:06.840
 covenant

00:44:06.840 --> 00:44:07.699
 you'll be

00:44:07.699 --> 00:44:08.059
 cursed

00:44:08.059 --> 00:44:09.599
 and now

00:44:09.599 --> 00:44:10.260
 they're experiencing

00:44:10.260 --> 00:44:10.679
 the covenant

00:44:10.679 --> 00:44:11.240
 curses.

00:44:12.539 --> 00:44:13.019
 Widespread

00:44:13.019 --> 00:44:13.440
 famine.

00:44:13.900 --> 00:44:14.260
 The king

00:44:14.260 --> 00:44:14.679
 had split

00:44:14.679 --> 00:44:15.460
 into two kingdoms

00:44:15.460 --> 00:44:16.199
 Israel

00:44:16.199 --> 00:44:16.679
 and Judah.

00:44:17.079 --> 00:44:17.619
 The northern

00:44:17.619 --> 00:44:18.000
 kingdom

00:44:18.000 --> 00:44:18.559
 Israel

00:44:18.559 --> 00:44:19.619
 experienced

00:44:19.619 --> 00:44:20.500
 this devastating

00:44:20.500 --> 00:44:20.940
 storm

00:44:20.940 --> 00:44:21.400
 of God's

00:44:21.400 --> 00:44:21.679
 judgment.

00:44:22.519 --> 00:44:22.980
 The judgment

00:44:22.980 --> 00:44:23.559
 described

00:44:23.559 --> 00:44:24.739
 is Yahweh's

00:44:24.739 --> 00:44:26.019
 strange work

00:44:26.019 --> 00:44:27.320
 in Isaiah 28

00:44:27.320 --> 00:44:28.320
 for he longed

00:44:28.320 --> 00:44:28.759
 to save his

00:44:28.759 --> 00:44:29.059
 people

00:44:29.059 --> 00:44:30.480
 but he judges

00:44:30.480 --> 00:44:31.039
 them as well

00:44:31.039 --> 00:44:31.500
 if they turn

00:44:31.500 --> 00:44:32.099
 away from his

00:44:32.099 --> 00:44:32.460
 goodness.

00:44:33.139 --> 00:44:33.579
 And Yahweh

00:44:33.579 --> 00:44:34.259
 in Isaiah 6

00:44:34.259 --> 00:44:34.880
 is the thrice

00:44:34.880 --> 00:44:35.480
 holy one

00:44:35.480 --> 00:44:35.719
 right?

00:44:35.840 --> 00:44:36.159
 Holy

00:44:36.159 --> 00:44:36.599
 holy

00:44:36.599 --> 00:44:37.019
 holy

00:44:37.019 --> 00:44:37.079
 holy

00:44:37.079 --> 00:44:38.599
 he cannot

00:44:38.599 --> 00:44:39.480
 tolerate sin

00:44:39.480 --> 00:44:40.759
 and Israel

00:44:40.759 --> 00:44:41.480
 had made a mess

00:44:41.480 --> 00:44:42.039
 of things

00:44:42.039 --> 00:44:43.559
 and it almost

00:44:43.559 --> 00:44:44.000
 seems as if

00:44:44.000 --> 00:44:46.219
 the promise

00:44:46.219 --> 00:44:46.779
 of triumph

00:44:46.779 --> 00:44:47.519
 over the serpent

00:44:47.519 --> 00:44:47.880
 had been

00:44:47.880 --> 00:44:48.299
 withdrawn.

00:44:49.460 --> 00:44:49.860
 Just like

00:44:49.860 --> 00:44:50.500
 Adam was

00:44:50.500 --> 00:44:51.320
 exiled from

00:44:51.320 --> 00:44:51.659
 the garden

00:44:51.659 --> 00:44:52.940
 these nations

00:44:52.940 --> 00:44:53.480
 were exiled

00:44:53.480 --> 00:44:53.760
 from the

00:44:53.760 --> 00:44:54.219
 promised land

00:44:54.219 --> 00:44:54.579
 of Canaan.

00:44:56.599 --> 00:44:57.300
 The people

00:44:57.300 --> 00:44:57.599
 were like

00:44:57.599 --> 00:44:57.900
 Gomer

00:44:57.900 --> 00:44:58.920
 back in

00:44:58.920 --> 00:44:59.340
 Hosea.

00:44:59.639 --> 00:45:00.099
 Aren't we

00:45:00.099 --> 00:45:00.860
 the same?

00:45:01.780 --> 00:45:02.380
 The Lord

00:45:02.380 --> 00:45:02.940
 is a faithful

00:45:02.940 --> 00:45:03.380
 husband

00:45:03.380 --> 00:45:04.280
 but Gomer

00:45:04.280 --> 00:45:04.820
 keeps going

00:45:04.820 --> 00:45:05.260
 back into

00:45:05.260 --> 00:45:05.860
 the brothel

00:45:05.860 --> 00:45:07.099
 and God

00:45:07.099 --> 00:45:07.940
 says my

00:45:07.940 --> 00:45:08.420
 people are

00:45:08.420 --> 00:45:08.840
 like that.

00:45:09.420 --> 00:45:09.880
 I'm the

00:45:09.880 --> 00:45:10.420
 faithful husband

00:45:10.420 --> 00:45:10.659
 and my

00:45:10.659 --> 00:45:12.099
 people keep

00:45:12.099 --> 00:45:12.679
 going back

00:45:12.679 --> 00:45:13.440
 into idolatry.

00:45:16.880 --> 00:45:17.740
 But God

00:45:17.740 --> 00:45:18.139
 remember

00:45:18.139 --> 00:45:18.679
 God had

00:45:18.679 --> 00:45:19.360
 taken sole

00:45:19.360 --> 00:45:20.179
 responsibility

00:45:20.179 --> 00:45:21.360
 to fulfill

00:45:21.360 --> 00:45:22.000
 the promise.

00:45:22.000 --> 00:45:23.500
 what is

00:45:23.500 --> 00:45:23.900
 God going

00:45:23.900 --> 00:45:24.139
 to do

00:45:24.139 --> 00:45:24.380
 at this

00:45:24.380 --> 00:45:24.659
 point?

00:45:25.559 --> 00:45:26.300
 What can

00:45:26.300 --> 00:45:26.699
 he do?

00:45:27.380 --> 00:45:27.800
 The people

00:45:27.800 --> 00:45:28.119
 are wicked.

00:45:28.280 --> 00:45:28.559
 They're not

00:45:28.559 --> 00:45:28.900
 a blessing.

00:45:30.639 --> 00:45:31.059
 They're

00:45:31.059 --> 00:45:31.480
 cursed.

00:45:32.820 --> 00:45:33.460
 But in a

00:45:33.460 --> 00:45:34.119
 pivotal moment

00:45:34.119 --> 00:45:34.659
 in Isaiah

00:45:34.659 --> 00:45:36.559
 God repeats

00:45:36.559 --> 00:45:37.679
 the Davidic

00:45:37.679 --> 00:45:37.920
 covenant.

00:45:38.099 --> 00:45:38.480
 The promise

00:45:38.480 --> 00:45:38.940
 had not been

00:45:38.940 --> 00:45:39.320
 revoked.

00:45:39.800 --> 00:45:40.199
 God is going

00:45:40.199 --> 00:45:40.400
 to do

00:45:40.400 --> 00:45:40.739
 something in

00:45:40.739 --> 00:45:41.079
 the future.

00:45:41.079 --> 00:45:46.900
 come everyone

00:45:46.900 --> 00:45:47.799
 who thirsts

00:45:47.799 --> 00:45:48.480
 come to

00:45:48.480 --> 00:45:49.019
 the waters

00:45:49.019 --> 00:45:49.440
 and he

00:45:49.440 --> 00:45:49.759
 who has

00:45:49.759 --> 00:45:50.179
 no money

00:45:50.179 --> 00:45:50.980
 come

00:45:50.980 --> 00:45:51.779
 buy

00:45:51.779 --> 00:45:52.239
 and eat

00:45:52.239 --> 00:45:53.039
 and I

00:45:53.039 --> 00:45:53.400
 will make

00:45:53.400 --> 00:45:53.699
 with you

00:45:53.699 --> 00:45:54.340
 an everlasting

00:45:54.340 --> 00:45:54.840
 covenant

00:45:54.840 --> 00:45:56.219
 my steadfast

00:45:56.219 --> 00:45:57.360
 sure love

00:45:57.360 --> 00:45:57.819
 for David.

00:45:59.199 --> 00:45:59.360
 Right?

00:46:00.699 --> 00:46:01.400
 Jesus says

00:46:01.400 --> 00:46:02.279
 if anyone

00:46:02.279 --> 00:46:02.599
 is thirsty

00:46:02.599 --> 00:46:02.880
 let him

00:46:02.880 --> 00:46:03.219
 come to

00:46:03.219 --> 00:46:03.440
 me and

00:46:03.440 --> 00:46:03.679
 drink.

00:46:04.739 --> 00:46:05.199
 Promise

00:46:05.199 --> 00:46:05.519
 kept.

00:46:06.719 --> 00:46:06.860
 Right?

00:46:07.700 --> 00:46:08.059
 So

00:46:08.059 --> 00:46:09.579
 the

00:46:09.579 --> 00:46:10.140
 Davidic

00:46:10.140 --> 00:46:10.420
 covenant

00:46:10.420 --> 00:46:11.120
 had not

00:46:11.120 --> 00:46:11.700
 been revoked.

00:46:12.180 --> 00:46:12.500
 God is

00:46:12.500 --> 00:46:12.900
 still going

00:46:12.900 --> 00:46:13.160
 to do

00:46:13.160 --> 00:46:13.539
 something

00:46:13.539 --> 00:46:14.300
 to establish

00:46:14.300 --> 00:46:14.680
 a truly

00:46:14.680 --> 00:46:15.039
 righteous

00:46:15.039 --> 00:46:15.340
 kingdom

00:46:15.340 --> 00:46:15.579
 in the

00:46:15.579 --> 00:46:15.880
 world.

00:46:16.780 --> 00:46:17.260
 In Isaiah

00:46:17.260 --> 00:46:17.760
 one of the

00:46:17.760 --> 00:46:18.180
 most famous

00:46:18.180 --> 00:46:18.640
 prophecies

00:46:18.640 --> 00:46:18.860
 of a

00:46:18.860 --> 00:46:19.160
 Davidic

00:46:19.160 --> 00:46:19.380
 king

00:46:19.380 --> 00:46:19.800
 is found

00:46:19.800 --> 00:46:20.079
 in

00:46:20.079 --> 00:46:20.680
 Isaiah

00:46:20.680 --> 00:46:21.059
 9

00:46:21.059 --> 00:46:26.079
 that we

00:46:26.079 --> 00:46:27.000
 read

00:46:27.000 --> 00:46:27.180
 during

00:46:27.180 --> 00:46:27.599
 Christmas.

00:46:28.000 --> 00:46:28.220
 A new

00:46:28.220 --> 00:46:28.680
 prophecy

00:46:28.680 --> 00:46:28.980
 of this

00:46:28.980 --> 00:46:29.300
 future

00:46:29.300 --> 00:46:29.720
 Davidic

00:46:29.720 --> 00:46:29.940
 king

00:46:29.940 --> 00:46:30.360
 is given.

00:46:31.599 --> 00:46:31.880
 Isaiah

00:46:31.880 --> 00:46:32.599
 explains

00:46:32.599 --> 00:46:33.180
 that a

00:46:33.180 --> 00:46:33.519
 son is

00:46:33.519 --> 00:46:33.820
 coming.

00:46:34.340 --> 00:46:34.900
 A child

00:46:34.900 --> 00:46:35.380
 is on the

00:46:35.380 --> 00:46:35.760
 horizon

00:46:35.760 --> 00:46:36.099
 who will

00:46:36.099 --> 00:46:36.460
 sit on

00:46:36.460 --> 00:46:36.820
 David's

00:46:36.820 --> 00:46:37.140
 throne.

00:46:38.460 --> 00:46:38.700
 This

00:46:38.700 --> 00:46:39.140
 child

00:46:39.140 --> 00:46:40.680
 will reign

00:46:40.680 --> 00:46:41.019
 as the

00:46:41.019 --> 00:46:41.280
 governor

00:46:41.280 --> 00:46:42.320
 and rule

00:46:42.320 --> 00:46:42.740
 over the

00:46:42.740 --> 00:46:42.960
 land

00:46:42.960 --> 00:46:43.300
 forever.

00:46:44.100 --> 00:46:44.500
 Peace,

00:46:44.900 --> 00:46:45.340
 righteousness,

00:46:45.620 --> 00:46:46.140
 and justice

00:46:46.140 --> 00:46:46.960
 will never

00:46:46.960 --> 00:46:47.620
 cease upon

00:46:47.620 --> 00:46:48.059
 his coming.

00:46:48.500 --> 00:46:48.700
 This

00:46:48.700 --> 00:46:49.039
 king is

00:46:49.039 --> 00:46:49.960
 remarkable

00:46:49.960 --> 00:46:50.620
 for he

00:46:50.620 --> 00:46:51.260
 is the

00:46:51.260 --> 00:46:51.660
 wonderful

00:46:51.660 --> 00:46:52.180
 counselor,

00:46:52.760 --> 00:46:53.019
 mighty

00:46:53.019 --> 00:46:53.440
 God,

00:46:53.680 --> 00:46:54.120
 everlasting

00:46:54.120 --> 00:46:54.640
 father,

00:46:54.820 --> 00:46:55.300
 prince of

00:46:55.300 --> 00:46:55.720
 peace.

00:46:56.360 --> 00:46:56.880
 So these

00:46:56.880 --> 00:46:57.340
 descriptions

00:46:57.340 --> 00:46:58.300
 explode.

00:46:58.580 --> 00:46:59.380
 They explode

00:46:59.380 --> 00:47:00.140
 the expectation

00:47:00.140 --> 00:47:00.660
 of this

00:47:00.660 --> 00:47:01.760
 coming king

00:47:01.760 --> 00:47:02.140
 who would

00:47:02.140 --> 00:47:02.440
 bring the

00:47:02.440 --> 00:47:02.900
 kingdom of

00:47:02.900 --> 00:47:03.200
 God.

00:47:03.700 --> 00:47:03.980
 He is

00:47:03.980 --> 00:47:04.519
 much more

00:47:04.519 --> 00:47:04.900
 than just

00:47:04.900 --> 00:47:05.260
 a mere

00:47:05.260 --> 00:47:05.780
 descendant

00:47:05.780 --> 00:47:06.200
 of David.

00:47:06.199 --> 00:47:07.239
 He is

00:47:07.239 --> 00:47:07.539
 that.

00:47:07.899 --> 00:47:08.519
 But clearly

00:47:08.519 --> 00:47:09.159
 Isaiah's

00:47:09.159 --> 00:47:10.219
 promise of

00:47:10.219 --> 00:47:10.599
 a king

00:47:10.599 --> 00:47:10.980
 who is

00:47:10.980 --> 00:47:11.579
 a mighty

00:47:11.579 --> 00:47:11.899
 God,

00:47:11.980 --> 00:47:12.339
 everlasting

00:47:12.339 --> 00:47:12.839
 father,

00:47:13.339 --> 00:47:13.980
 was not

00:47:13.980 --> 00:47:14.399
 fulfilled in

00:47:14.399 --> 00:47:14.799
 his day.

00:47:15.859 --> 00:47:16.539
 In chapter

00:47:16.539 --> 00:47:17.000
 11,

00:47:17.659 --> 00:47:17.919
 Isaiah

00:47:17.919 --> 00:47:18.639
 elaborates on

00:47:18.639 --> 00:47:19.059
 this king.

00:47:19.299 --> 00:47:19.619
 He is

00:47:19.619 --> 00:47:20.379
 the shoot

00:47:20.379 --> 00:47:21.159
 from the

00:47:21.159 --> 00:47:21.539
 stump of

00:47:21.539 --> 00:47:21.839
 Jesse,

00:47:22.279 --> 00:47:22.500
 and a

00:47:22.500 --> 00:47:23.119
 branch from

00:47:23.119 --> 00:47:23.659
 his roots,

00:47:24.359 --> 00:47:24.839
 which is a

00:47:24.839 --> 00:47:25.419
 description that

00:47:25.419 --> 00:47:26.379
 anticipates the

00:47:26.379 --> 00:47:27.099
 suffering servant

00:47:27.099 --> 00:47:27.639
 described in

00:47:27.639 --> 00:47:28.359
 Isaiah 53.

00:47:28.939 --> 00:47:29.639
 So he is

00:47:29.639 --> 00:47:30.139
 equipped with

00:47:30.139 --> 00:47:30.719
 the spirit to

00:47:30.719 --> 00:47:31.339
 rule over

00:47:31.339 --> 00:47:31.699
 Israel,

00:47:31.799 --> 00:47:32.019
 and he

00:47:32.019 --> 00:47:32.859
 surpasses all

00:47:32.859 --> 00:47:33.719
 previous kings.

00:47:33.719 --> 00:47:34.859
 And this

00:47:34.859 --> 00:47:36.279
 salvation reaches

00:47:36.279 --> 00:47:36.879
 to the ends

00:47:36.879 --> 00:47:37.419
 of the earth.

00:47:38.219 --> 00:47:38.879
 The promise

00:47:38.879 --> 00:47:39.500
 of worldwide

00:47:39.500 --> 00:47:40.519
 blessing made

00:47:40.519 --> 00:47:41.139
 to Abraham

00:47:41.139 --> 00:47:42.399
 will become a

00:47:42.399 --> 00:47:43.199
 reality because

00:47:43.199 --> 00:47:44.379
 he will bring

00:47:44.379 --> 00:47:45.259
 salvation even

00:47:45.259 --> 00:47:46.079
 to the Gentiles

00:47:46.079 --> 00:47:47.359
 in Isaiah 11.

00:47:48.039 --> 00:47:48.379
 And in that

00:47:48.379 --> 00:47:48.599
 day,

00:47:48.679 --> 00:47:49.219
 Isaiah says,

00:47:49.299 --> 00:47:49.959
 your eyes will

00:47:49.959 --> 00:47:50.739
 behold the king

00:47:50.739 --> 00:47:51.319
 and his beauty.

00:47:52.279 --> 00:47:52.980
 So God is

00:47:52.980 --> 00:47:53.699
 going to redeem

00:47:53.699 --> 00:47:54.679
 Israel, not only

00:47:54.679 --> 00:47:55.359
 physically, but

00:47:55.359 --> 00:47:56.179
 spiritually too.

00:47:57.179 --> 00:47:57.779
 And so God was

00:47:57.779 --> 00:47:58.419
 determined to offer

00:47:58.419 --> 00:47:59.159
 a new covenant

00:47:59.159 --> 00:48:00.500
 which would relate

00:48:00.500 --> 00:48:01.079
 to his people

00:48:01.079 --> 00:48:03.259
 in which he

00:48:03.259 --> 00:48:03.579
 would relate

00:48:03.579 --> 00:48:04.079
 to his people.

00:48:04.319 --> 00:48:04.860
 In this covenant

00:48:04.860 --> 00:48:05.659
 would establish

00:48:05.659 --> 00:48:06.779
 a truly just

00:48:06.779 --> 00:48:07.440
 and righteous

00:48:07.440 --> 00:48:08.900
 kingdom, not

00:48:08.900 --> 00:48:09.539
 like the covenant

00:48:09.539 --> 00:48:10.119
 made at Mount

00:48:10.119 --> 00:48:10.599
 Sinai.

00:48:11.279 --> 00:48:12.519
 And the famous

00:48:12.519 --> 00:48:13.019
 verse in

00:48:13.019 --> 00:48:14.019
 Jeremiah 31

00:48:14.019 --> 00:48:16.299
 says this.

00:48:17.159 --> 00:48:17.599
 This is the

00:48:17.599 --> 00:48:18.340
 covenant I will

00:48:18.340 --> 00:48:20.119
 make, says God.

00:48:20.219 --> 00:48:20.699
 And notice the

00:48:20.699 --> 00:48:21.319
 terms of this

00:48:21.319 --> 00:48:21.579
 covenant.

00:48:22.279 --> 00:48:23.099
 Jeremiah 31.

00:48:23.779 --> 00:48:24.380
 Behold, the

00:48:24.380 --> 00:48:25.099
 days are coming,

00:48:25.219 --> 00:48:25.659
 declares the

00:48:25.659 --> 00:48:26.579
 Lord, when I

00:48:26.579 --> 00:48:27.119
 will make a

00:48:27.119 --> 00:48:27.659
 new covenant

00:48:27.659 --> 00:48:28.440
 with the house

00:48:28.440 --> 00:48:28.920
 of Israel and

00:48:28.920 --> 00:48:29.340
 the house of

00:48:29.340 --> 00:48:30.500
 Judah, not like

00:48:30.500 --> 00:48:30.900
 the covenant

00:48:30.900 --> 00:48:31.340
 that I made

00:48:31.340 --> 00:48:31.599
 with their

00:48:31.599 --> 00:48:32.260
 fathers on the

00:48:32.260 --> 00:48:32.639
 day when I

00:48:32.639 --> 00:48:33.139
 took them by

00:48:33.139 --> 00:48:34.480
 the hand to

00:48:34.480 --> 00:48:35.059
 bring them out

00:48:35.059 --> 00:48:35.680
 the land of

00:48:35.680 --> 00:48:35.940
 Egypt.

00:48:36.160 --> 00:48:36.660
 My covenant

00:48:36.660 --> 00:48:37.300
 that they broke

00:48:37.300 --> 00:48:38.139
 though I was

00:48:38.139 --> 00:48:38.619
 their husband,

00:48:38.760 --> 00:48:39.160
 declares the

00:48:39.160 --> 00:48:39.380
 Lord.

00:48:39.980 --> 00:48:40.840
 For this is the

00:48:40.840 --> 00:48:41.400
 covenant that I

00:48:41.400 --> 00:48:41.780
 will make with

00:48:41.780 --> 00:48:42.260
 the house of

00:48:42.260 --> 00:48:42.780
 Israel after

00:48:42.780 --> 00:48:43.340
 those days,

00:48:43.440 --> 00:48:43.880
 declares the

00:48:43.880 --> 00:48:44.039
 Lord.

00:48:44.460 --> 00:48:45.340
 I will put my

00:48:45.340 --> 00:48:45.880
 law within

00:48:45.880 --> 00:48:46.760
 them and I

00:48:46.760 --> 00:48:47.160
 will write it

00:48:47.160 --> 00:48:47.400
 on their

00:48:47.400 --> 00:48:48.519
 hearts and I

00:48:48.519 --> 00:48:48.980
 will be their

00:48:48.980 --> 00:48:49.559
 God and they

00:48:49.559 --> 00:48:50.180
 shall be my

00:48:50.180 --> 00:48:51.260
 people and no

00:48:51.260 --> 00:48:51.820
 longer shall

00:48:51.820 --> 00:48:52.740
 each one teach

00:48:52.740 --> 00:48:53.300
 his neighbor and

00:48:53.300 --> 00:48:53.820
 each his brother

00:48:53.820 --> 00:48:54.480
 saying, know the

00:48:54.480 --> 00:48:55.460
 Lord, for they

00:48:55.460 --> 00:48:56.400
 shall all know me

00:48:56.400 --> 00:48:57.139
 from the least of

00:48:57.139 --> 00:48:57.460
 them to the

00:48:57.460 --> 00:48:58.139
 greatest, declares

00:48:58.139 --> 00:48:59.420
 the Lord, for I

00:48:59.420 --> 00:49:00.119
 will forgive their

00:49:00.119 --> 00:49:01.840
 iniquity and I

00:49:01.840 --> 00:49:02.220
 will remember

00:49:02.220 --> 00:49:03.220
 their sin no

00:49:03.220 --> 00:49:03.800
 more.

00:49:04.800 --> 00:49:05.480
 So when this new

00:49:05.480 --> 00:49:06.320
 David arrives,

00:49:07.000 --> 00:49:07.519
 Israel will be

00:49:07.519 --> 00:49:08.280
 forgiven its sin

00:49:08.280 --> 00:49:09.940
 and given new

00:49:09.940 --> 00:49:11.059
 hearts to obey

00:49:11.059 --> 00:49:11.480
 the Lord.

00:49:11.920 --> 00:49:12.800
 The law will be

00:49:12.800 --> 00:49:13.300
 written on their

00:49:13.300 --> 00:49:14.700
 hearts as Jeremiah

00:49:14.700 --> 00:49:16.019
 says and they'll

00:49:16.019 --> 00:49:16.519
 be given new

00:49:16.519 --> 00:49:18.180
 hearts as God

00:49:18.180 --> 00:49:18.960
 had promised back

00:49:18.960 --> 00:49:19.800
 in Deuteronomy

00:49:19.800 --> 00:49:20.400
 with Moses.

00:49:21.220 --> 00:49:21.820
 Yahweh will show

00:49:21.820 --> 00:49:22.559
 compassion and

00:49:22.559 --> 00:49:22.980
 mercy on his

00:49:22.980 --> 00:49:23.820
 people once again.

00:49:24.920 --> 00:49:25.260
 So the Old

00:49:25.260 --> 00:49:26.860
 Testament history

00:49:26.860 --> 00:49:28.680
 concludes and

00:49:28.680 --> 00:49:29.079
 Ezra and

00:49:29.079 --> 00:49:29.400
 Nehemiah

00:49:29.400 --> 00:49:30.019
 with Israel

00:49:30.019 --> 00:49:30.700
 returning from

00:49:30.700 --> 00:49:31.119
 exile.

00:49:31.760 --> 00:49:32.519
 But the return

00:49:32.519 --> 00:49:33.180
 from exile did

00:49:33.180 --> 00:49:34.000
 not bring expected

00:49:34.000 --> 00:49:34.380
 blessing.

00:49:34.980 --> 00:49:35.660
 A new David

00:49:35.660 --> 00:49:36.260
 ruling over

00:49:36.260 --> 00:49:36.940
 Israel did not

00:49:36.940 --> 00:49:37.340
 appear.

00:49:38.180 --> 00:49:38.820
 So the Old

00:49:38.820 --> 00:49:39.680
 Testament concludes

00:49:39.680 --> 00:49:40.180
 on a note of

00:49:40.180 --> 00:49:40.740
 expectation.

00:49:41.800 --> 00:49:42.740
 The great promises

00:49:42.740 --> 00:49:43.340
 for Israel and

00:49:43.340 --> 00:49:43.780
 the world were

00:49:43.780 --> 00:49:44.539
 not realized.

00:49:46.519 --> 00:49:47.000
 And then

00:49:47.000 --> 00:49:50.360
 it's with all

00:49:50.360 --> 00:49:50.980
 this background

00:49:50.980 --> 00:49:53.740
 that an obscure

00:49:53.740 --> 00:49:54.840
 person from

00:49:54.840 --> 00:49:56.260
 Bethlehem named

00:49:56.260 --> 00:49:57.800
 Jesus shows up

00:49:57.800 --> 00:49:58.280
 preaching about

00:49:58.280 --> 00:49:58.820
 the kingdom of

00:49:58.820 --> 00:49:59.079
 God.

00:49:59.400 --> 00:50:00.539
 So if you turn

00:50:00.539 --> 00:50:01.180
 to Matthew 1.

00:50:01.180 --> 00:50:01.440
 1.

00:50:02.740 --> 00:50:03.519
 Basically this

00:50:03.519 --> 00:50:04.800
 genealogy about

00:50:04.800 --> 00:50:06.039
 Jesus screams

00:50:06.039 --> 00:50:07.340
 out to us that

00:50:07.340 --> 00:50:08.139
 God who made

00:50:08.139 --> 00:50:08.840
 that promise in

00:50:08.840 --> 00:50:09.820
 Genesis 3 is now

00:50:09.820 --> 00:50:10.380
 fulfilling that

00:50:10.380 --> 00:50:10.780
 promise.

00:50:11.880 --> 00:50:12.519
 In the very two

00:50:12.519 --> 00:50:13.420
 first words of the

00:50:13.420 --> 00:50:14.000
 first book of the

00:50:14.000 --> 00:50:14.440
 New Testament,

00:50:15.160 --> 00:50:16.000
 Matthew grabs the

00:50:16.000 --> 00:50:17.340
 very language of

00:50:17.340 --> 00:50:18.139
 the opening chapters

00:50:18.139 --> 00:50:18.579
 of Genesis.

00:50:19.240 --> 00:50:19.720
 The words

00:50:19.720 --> 00:50:21.480
 genealogy can be

00:50:21.480 --> 00:50:22.440
 replaced with the

00:50:22.440 --> 00:50:23.280
 book of Genesis,

00:50:23.519 --> 00:50:24.280
 of Jesus Christ.

00:50:24.280 --> 00:50:25.920
 God's name is

00:50:25.920 --> 00:50:27.019
 the firstborn of

00:50:27.019 --> 00:50:27.860
 a new creation.

00:50:28.860 --> 00:50:29.280
 And who is he

00:50:29.280 --> 00:50:30.000
 saying Jesus is at

00:50:30.000 --> 00:50:30.360
 this point?

00:50:30.460 --> 00:50:31.060
 He's a new Adam.

00:50:32.060 --> 00:50:32.540
 According to

00:50:32.540 --> 00:50:32.960
 Matthew, he's not

00:50:32.960 --> 00:50:33.560
 only a new Adam,

00:50:33.920 --> 00:50:35.019
 he's the son of

00:50:35.019 --> 00:50:35.280
 David.

00:50:36.140 --> 00:50:36.700
 Who else?

00:50:37.120 --> 00:50:38.000
 He's the promised

00:50:38.000 --> 00:50:39.240
 seed of Abraham.

00:50:40.620 --> 00:50:41.580
 And God is keeping

00:50:41.580 --> 00:50:42.160
 his promise to

00:50:42.160 --> 00:50:43.620
 Abraham of providing

00:50:43.620 --> 00:50:44.440
 an offspring through

00:50:44.440 --> 00:50:44.780
 him that would

00:50:44.780 --> 00:50:45.440
 bless the entire

00:50:45.440 --> 00:50:45.780
 world.

00:50:45.780 --> 00:50:48.780
 So the gospel of

00:50:48.780 --> 00:50:49.560
 Matthew opens up

00:50:49.560 --> 00:50:50.220
 saying the king of

00:50:50.220 --> 00:50:50.980
 kings is on the

00:50:50.980 --> 00:50:51.260
 scene.

00:50:52.400 --> 00:50:52.960
 The king has

00:50:52.960 --> 00:50:53.880
 finally returned,

00:50:54.720 --> 00:50:55.180
 but no one

00:50:55.180 --> 00:50:55.860
 recognizes him.

00:50:57.080 --> 00:50:58.019
 The magi come to

00:50:58.019 --> 00:50:59.360
 worship him, but the

00:50:59.360 --> 00:51:00.100
 other kings like

00:51:00.100 --> 00:51:00.700
 Herod are even

00:51:00.700 --> 00:51:01.360
 troubled.

00:51:02.140 --> 00:51:02.540
 They're even

00:51:02.540 --> 00:51:03.420
 threatened by this

00:51:03.420 --> 00:51:04.580
 competitor to his

00:51:04.580 --> 00:51:04.900
 rule.

00:51:05.720 --> 00:51:06.280
 And there's no

00:51:06.280 --> 00:51:07.240
 pomp or fanfare

00:51:07.240 --> 00:51:07.720
 when this king

00:51:07.720 --> 00:51:08.200
 arrives.

00:51:09.640 --> 00:51:10.040
 You know, the

00:51:10.040 --> 00:51:10.880
 king comes riding

00:51:10.880 --> 00:51:12.200
 into Jerusalem on

00:51:12.200 --> 00:51:12.660
 a donkey.

00:51:13.420 --> 00:51:14.380
 The crowds yell

00:51:14.380 --> 00:51:15.300
 out, Hosanna!

00:51:15.300 --> 00:51:15.460
 Hosanna!

00:51:15.700 --> 00:51:16.100
 Hosanna!

00:51:16.180 --> 00:51:16.539
 The son of

00:51:16.539 --> 00:51:16.800
 David!

00:51:16.860 --> 00:51:17.320
 The king is

00:51:17.320 --> 00:51:17.900
 finally here!

00:51:17.960 --> 00:51:18.539
 He's arrived!

00:51:18.920 --> 00:51:19.660
 He's returned!

00:51:21.960 --> 00:51:23.019
 But do the people

00:51:23.019 --> 00:51:23.740
 enthrone this

00:51:23.740 --> 00:51:23.960
 king?

00:51:24.519 --> 00:51:24.800
 No.

00:51:25.140 --> 00:51:25.400
 They don't

00:51:25.400 --> 00:51:25.860
 enthrone the

00:51:25.860 --> 00:51:26.019
 king.

00:51:26.080 --> 00:51:26.480
 Instead, the

00:51:26.480 --> 00:51:26.860
 king is

00:51:26.860 --> 00:51:27.240
 crucified.

00:51:27.580 --> 00:51:28.360
 The king is

00:51:28.360 --> 00:51:30.120
 crucified by his

00:51:30.120 --> 00:51:30.460
 people.

00:51:31.640 --> 00:51:32.460
 There's a sign on

00:51:32.460 --> 00:51:33.100
 this cross that

00:51:33.100 --> 00:51:34.160
 read, Hail the

00:51:34.160 --> 00:51:34.620
 king of the

00:51:34.620 --> 00:51:35.060
 Jews!

00:51:35.720 --> 00:51:36.780
 The king wears a

00:51:36.780 --> 00:51:37.660
 purple robe.

00:51:38.519 --> 00:51:38.940
 Instead of a

00:51:38.940 --> 00:51:40.000
 crown of gold, a

00:51:40.000 --> 00:51:40.820
 crown of thorns

00:51:40.820 --> 00:51:41.539
 is twisted onto

00:51:41.539 --> 00:51:42.019
 his head.

00:51:43.240 --> 00:51:43.920
 And when the

00:51:43.920 --> 00:51:44.340
 thief on the

00:51:44.340 --> 00:51:44.880
 cross looked at

00:51:44.880 --> 00:51:45.280
 this crucifixion,

00:51:45.300 --> 00:51:46.200
 king, he said,

00:51:46.720 --> 00:51:48.080
 Jesus, remember

00:51:48.080 --> 00:51:48.600
 me when you

00:51:48.600 --> 00:51:49.080
 come into your

00:51:49.080 --> 00:51:49.300
 kingdom.

00:51:50.400 --> 00:51:52.019
 Somehow, this

00:51:52.019 --> 00:51:53.780
 thief thought Jesus

00:51:53.780 --> 00:51:54.740
 was presently ruling

00:51:54.740 --> 00:51:55.420
 over a kingdom

00:51:55.420 --> 00:51:56.640
 while he was being

00:51:56.640 --> 00:51:57.000
 crucified.

00:51:58.640 --> 00:51:59.680
 At the cross, the

00:51:59.680 --> 00:52:00.400
 kingdom had come.

00:52:00.800 --> 00:52:01.500
 God's will had been

00:52:01.500 --> 00:52:03.820
 done on earth as it

00:52:03.820 --> 00:52:04.220
 is in heaven.

00:52:04.820 --> 00:52:05.680
 The kingdom of God

00:52:05.680 --> 00:52:07.260
 comes in power, but

00:52:07.260 --> 00:52:07.920
 the power of this

00:52:07.920 --> 00:52:08.660
 kingdom is through

00:52:08.660 --> 00:52:09.200
 Christ being

00:52:09.200 --> 00:52:09.660
 crucified.

00:52:10.760 --> 00:52:11.680
 And Jesus rises

00:52:11.680 --> 00:52:12.300
 from the dead and

00:52:12.300 --> 00:52:12.900
 ascends to his

00:52:12.900 --> 00:52:13.220
 throne.

00:52:13.219 --> 00:52:14.559
 We have to admit,

00:52:14.639 --> 00:52:15.459
 this is a strange

00:52:15.459 --> 00:52:15.980
 and unexpected

00:52:15.980 --> 00:52:16.359
 kingdom.

00:52:17.059 --> 00:52:17.439
 We weren't

00:52:17.439 --> 00:52:18.139
 expecting this.

00:52:18.519 --> 00:52:20.279
 The readers of the

00:52:20.279 --> 00:52:21.399
 Bible, this is a

00:52:21.399 --> 00:52:21.899
 plot twist.

00:52:23.179 --> 00:52:23.779
 And so how does a

00:52:23.779 --> 00:52:24.819
 cross relate to the

00:52:24.819 --> 00:52:25.519
 kingdom of God?

00:52:26.339 --> 00:52:26.759
 Well, through the

00:52:26.759 --> 00:52:28.099
 cross, Christ

00:52:28.099 --> 00:52:29.279
 inaugurated a new

00:52:29.279 --> 00:52:30.579
 covenant to bring

00:52:30.579 --> 00:52:31.839
 about a truly just

00:52:31.839 --> 00:52:32.279
 and righteous

00:52:32.279 --> 00:52:32.599
 kingdom.

00:52:32.599 --> 00:52:37.219
 turn to 1 Corinthians

00:52:37.219 --> 00:52:37.719
 11.

00:52:38.920 --> 00:52:39.819
 We say this when we

00:52:39.819 --> 00:52:40.779
 celebrate the Lord's

00:52:40.779 --> 00:52:40.960
 Supper.

00:52:41.440 --> 00:52:42.299
 For I received from

00:52:42.299 --> 00:52:42.980
 the Lord what I also

00:52:42.980 --> 00:52:43.619
 passed to you.

00:52:44.059 --> 00:52:45.039
 The Lord Jesus, on

00:52:45.039 --> 00:52:45.659
 the night he was

00:52:45.659 --> 00:52:46.980
 betrayed, took bread.

00:52:47.759 --> 00:52:48.119
 When he had given

00:52:48.119 --> 00:52:48.880
 thanks, he broke it

00:52:48.880 --> 00:52:49.719
 and said, this is my

00:52:49.719 --> 00:52:50.739
 body, which is for

00:52:50.739 --> 00:52:50.940
 you.

00:52:51.079 --> 00:52:51.779
 Do this in remembrance

00:52:51.779 --> 00:52:52.199
 of me.

00:52:52.559 --> 00:52:53.480
 In the same way, after

00:52:53.480 --> 00:52:54.279
 supper, he took the

00:52:54.279 --> 00:52:55.460
 cup, saying, this

00:52:55.460 --> 00:52:57.179
 cup is the new

00:52:57.179 --> 00:52:58.059
 covenant in my blood.

00:52:58.460 --> 00:52:59.679
 Do this, as often as

00:52:59.679 --> 00:53:00.619
 you drink it, in

00:53:00.619 --> 00:53:01.420
 remembrance of me.

00:53:01.420 --> 00:53:03.139
 For as often as you

00:53:03.139 --> 00:53:03.820
 eat this bread and

00:53:03.820 --> 00:53:05.099
 drink this cup, you

00:53:05.099 --> 00:53:05.860
 proclaim the Lord's

00:53:05.860 --> 00:53:06.760
 death until he comes.

00:53:07.659 --> 00:53:08.920
 So, through Jesus'

00:53:09.119 --> 00:53:10.139
 death at the cross

00:53:10.139 --> 00:53:10.720
 and resurrection,

00:53:11.599 --> 00:53:12.940
 Jesus inaugurated the

00:53:12.940 --> 00:53:13.440
 new covenant.

00:53:14.320 --> 00:53:15.760
 That truly just and

00:53:15.760 --> 00:53:16.680
 righteous kingdom is

00:53:16.680 --> 00:53:18.159
 here, that Jeremiah

00:53:18.159 --> 00:53:19.019
 prophesied about.

00:53:19.500 --> 00:53:20.639
 And the people of the

00:53:20.639 --> 00:53:21.700
 new covenant are to

00:53:21.700 --> 00:53:22.400
 be the people of his

00:53:22.400 --> 00:53:23.159
 kingdom, who

00:53:23.159 --> 00:53:24.460
 especially represent

00:53:24.460 --> 00:53:24.860
 God.

00:53:25.320 --> 00:53:26.539
 The new covenant is

00:53:26.539 --> 00:53:27.400
 bound up with the

00:53:27.400 --> 00:53:28.039
 kingdom of God.

00:53:28.400 --> 00:53:29.500
 The universal blessing,

00:53:29.800 --> 00:53:30.539
 blessing for all

00:53:30.539 --> 00:53:31.400
 nations, is the

00:53:31.400 --> 00:53:32.800
 people's, come to

00:53:32.800 --> 00:53:34.180
 pass in Jesus and

00:53:34.180 --> 00:53:35.220
 through his church.

00:53:36.200 --> 00:53:36.760
 So, in the old

00:53:36.760 --> 00:53:37.500
 covenant, God's people

00:53:37.500 --> 00:53:38.220
 consisted almost

00:53:38.220 --> 00:53:40.059
 exclusively of Israel.

00:53:40.579 --> 00:53:41.639
 But the fullness of

00:53:41.639 --> 00:53:42.360
 God's promise to

00:53:42.360 --> 00:53:43.260
 Abraham has now become

00:53:43.260 --> 00:53:43.740
 a reality.

00:53:44.079 --> 00:53:45.079
 Every tribe, tongue,

00:53:45.280 --> 00:53:46.059
 people, and nation are

00:53:46.059 --> 00:53:47.500
 now blessed in Christ as

00:53:47.500 --> 00:53:48.180
 they trust in him for

00:53:48.180 --> 00:53:48.780
 eternal life.

00:53:49.920 --> 00:53:50.960
 So, now in the New

00:53:50.960 --> 00:53:52.019
 Testament, no one, no

00:53:52.019 --> 00:53:53.139
 one, not even the

00:53:53.139 --> 00:53:54.800
 disciples, ever expected

00:53:54.800 --> 00:53:55.820
 the kingdom to come in

00:53:55.820 --> 00:53:56.519
 two stages.

00:53:57.200 --> 00:53:57.720
 Two stages.

00:53:58.519 --> 00:53:59.619
 Jesus is the king who

00:53:59.619 --> 00:54:01.059
 came to establish God's

00:54:01.059 --> 00:54:01.719
 kingdom through the new

00:54:01.719 --> 00:54:01.980
 covenant.

00:54:02.599 --> 00:54:03.579
 But the kingdom is not

00:54:03.579 --> 00:54:04.159
 consummated.

00:54:04.899 --> 00:54:05.739
 It's not consummated.

00:54:06.039 --> 00:54:06.759
 So, we live in the

00:54:06.759 --> 00:54:07.759
 already-but-not-yet

00:54:07.759 --> 00:54:08.199
 period.

00:54:08.959 --> 00:54:09.859
 Jesus is the righteous

00:54:09.859 --> 00:54:11.319
 king who presently is

00:54:11.319 --> 00:54:12.019
 ruling wisely.

00:54:12.819 --> 00:54:13.599
 And God's special

00:54:13.599 --> 00:54:14.679
 kingdom will endure until

00:54:14.679 --> 00:54:15.779
 it conquers and fills the

00:54:15.779 --> 00:54:16.059
 world.

00:54:16.619 --> 00:54:17.339
 And that's the final

00:54:17.339 --> 00:54:18.399
 destination of biblical

00:54:18.399 --> 00:54:19.739
 prophecy, when Jesus

00:54:19.739 --> 00:54:20.799
 returns in glory.

00:54:21.319 --> 00:54:22.519
 And God's special reign

00:54:22.519 --> 00:54:23.399
 will encompass every

00:54:23.399 --> 00:54:24.119
 kingdom on earth.

00:54:24.119 --> 00:54:26.880
 So, as Richard Sibbes

00:54:26.880 --> 00:54:28.859
 once said, faith makes

00:54:28.859 --> 00:54:30.000
 us kings, because

00:54:30.000 --> 00:54:31.440
 thereby we marry the

00:54:31.440 --> 00:54:32.019
 king of heaven.

00:54:33.079 --> 00:54:34.559
 So, just like Adam, now

00:54:34.559 --> 00:54:35.559
 because we're married to

00:54:35.559 --> 00:54:38.500
 Christ, we are kings

00:54:38.500 --> 00:54:39.440
 because he is the king

00:54:39.440 --> 00:54:40.380
 of heaven, and we are

00:54:40.380 --> 00:54:40.859
 in Christ.

00:54:42.079 --> 00:54:43.519
 Revelation 22, we see

00:54:43.519 --> 00:54:44.679
 the kingdom is perfected.

00:54:44.920 --> 00:54:45.659
 It's perfected.

00:54:45.659 --> 00:54:47.119
 The conquering king is on

00:54:47.119 --> 00:54:47.659
 his throne.

00:54:48.319 --> 00:54:49.659
 Revelation 22, verse 3

00:54:49.659 --> 00:54:51.460
 says, no longer will there

00:54:51.460 --> 00:54:53.019
 be anything accursed, but

00:54:53.019 --> 00:54:54.099
 the throne of God,

00:54:54.119 --> 00:54:55.000
 and of the Lamb will be

00:54:55.000 --> 00:54:56.440
 in it, and his servants

00:54:56.440 --> 00:54:57.639
 will worship him.

00:54:59.099 --> 00:54:59.539
 Amen.

00:54:59.859 --> 00:55:01.019
 So we sing, come thou

00:55:01.019 --> 00:55:02.339
 long expected Jesus in

00:55:02.339 --> 00:55:03.159
 Christmas, to rightly

00:55:03.159 --> 00:55:04.380
 recognize that Jesus is

00:55:04.380 --> 00:55:05.239
 the long-awaited king.

00:55:05.619 --> 00:55:06.500
 But this hymn is a

00:55:06.500 --> 00:55:07.159
 window into the

00:55:07.159 --> 00:55:08.659
 storyline about God's

00:55:08.659 --> 00:55:08.859
 kingdom.

00:55:09.199 --> 00:55:10.159
 The Old Testament saints

00:55:10.159 --> 00:55:11.239
 long to see the coming

00:55:11.239 --> 00:55:12.619
 of the Messiah, but they

00:55:12.619 --> 00:55:13.239
 didn't know the Messiah

00:55:13.239 --> 00:55:13.739
 was Jesus.

00:55:14.559 --> 00:55:15.739
 And Jesus is our only

00:55:15.739 --> 00:55:17.299
 hope for salvation, born

00:55:17.299 --> 00:55:18.380
 a child and yet a king.

00:55:19.039 --> 00:55:20.339
 So the promised king is

00:55:20.339 --> 00:55:21.219
 that all the scriptures

00:55:21.219 --> 00:55:22.079
 point to, and we are

00:55:22.079 --> 00:55:23.119
 waiting for Jesus to

00:55:23.119 --> 00:55:23.839
 return once again.

00:55:24.119 --> 00:55:26.559
 So here's the lyrics.

00:55:26.799 --> 00:55:28.480
 I'd love to sing it together

00:55:28.480 --> 00:55:29.019
 if we can.

00:55:32.279 --> 00:55:33.139
 I'll start.

00:55:33.139 --> 00:55:40.739
 Come thou long expected Jesus,

00:55:40.739 --> 00:55:46.039
 born to set thy people free.

00:55:46.039 --> 00:55:52.799
 From our fears and sins release us.

00:55:53.019 --> 00:55:58.179
 Let us find our rest in thee.

00:55:58.179 --> 00:56:10.919
 Israel's strength and consolation, hope of all the earth, thou art.

00:56:10.919 --> 00:56:25.659
 Dear desire of every nation, joy of every longing heart.

00:56:25.659 --> 00:56:44.819
 born thy people to deliver, born a child and yet a king, born to reign in us forever.

00:56:44.820 --> 00:56:51.820
 Now thy gracious kingdom bring.

00:56:51.820 --> 00:57:05.320
 By thine own eternal spirit, rule in all our hearts alone.

00:57:05.320 --> 00:57:06.320
 By thine own, raise us to thy glorious throne.

00:57:06.320 --> 00:57:18.320
 By thine all sufficient merit, raise us to thy glorious throne.

00:57:18.320 --> 00:57:20.320
 Amen.

00:57:20.320 --> 00:57:21.800
 Amen.

00:57:21.800 --> 00:57:23.700
 Let me close this in a word of prayer.

00:57:23.700 --> 00:57:24.700
 Amen.

00:57:24.700 --> 00:57:27.800
 I'm happy to have questions.

00:57:27.800 --> 00:57:33.740
 Father in heaven, oh Lord, we thank you that Jesus came, born a child yet a king.

00:57:33.860 --> 00:57:36.640
 The king that was Israel's hope.

00:57:36.639 --> 00:57:46.259
 And we thank you that we know this king because of your spirit who has regenerated our hearts to love the king more than sin.

00:57:46.639 --> 00:57:53.480
 And I pray that you would help us to set our eyes on this king today.

00:57:53.679 --> 00:57:54.440
 In Jesus' name.

00:57:55.000 --> 00:57:55.199
 Amen.

00:57:55.199 --> 00:57:55.299
 Amen.

00:57:57.599 --> 00:57:59.599
 So I have this slide here.

00:57:59.819 --> 00:58:09.339
 It's more for, it's more, this is going back to our talk last week about allegory versus typology.

00:58:10.299 --> 00:58:12.879
 And I came across this and I'm like, oh, this is interesting.

00:58:13.279 --> 00:58:15.059
 Is that allegory or is that typology?

00:58:15.759 --> 00:58:18.919
 And if so, is it good allegory or is it bad allegory?

00:58:18.920 --> 00:58:26.940
 But we had other questions, happy to answer them, but this was our, we were talking a lot about allegory and typology last week.

00:58:29.180 --> 00:58:29.940
 Any questions?

00:58:34.940 --> 00:58:35.639
 No questions.

00:58:36.320 --> 00:58:37.320
 Allegory or typology?

00:58:37.440 --> 00:58:37.860
 Oh, Tom.

00:58:37.860 --> 00:58:38.460
 I have a question.

00:58:38.619 --> 00:58:47.260
 So I was fascinated by you were drawing similarities between various thoughts, especially the new covenant of Jesus,

00:58:47.260 --> 00:58:53.380
 the covenant or whatever you want to call it, the promise that God made when they fell,

00:58:53.560 --> 00:58:58.840
 that there would be a promise to see who would crush the serpent's head, that his heel would be bruised.

00:58:59.640 --> 00:59:04.700
 But I never realized, I guess, potential connection is what I want to ask you about,

00:59:04.780 --> 00:59:12.920
 between the Abrahamic covenant and that God made that involved, you know, the killing of animals and that God became.

00:59:12.920 --> 00:59:18.519
 Between them and that, I was wondering if you could talk about that a little more.

00:59:18.680 --> 00:59:26.039
 I missed a little bit what you were saying, but it seems like potentially a dramatic kind of further elaboration of God's future suffering.

00:59:26.539 --> 00:59:26.820
 Yeah.

00:59:27.519 --> 00:59:27.940
 Yeah.

00:59:28.039 --> 00:59:37.380
 No, I think it does foreshadow Christ's taking a curse at Calvary, especially when, Abraham, if you fail on your side,

00:59:37.380 --> 00:59:39.300
 I'm going to take the curse on myself, God says.

00:59:41.380 --> 00:59:48.480
 That's an interesting question because I think here's what people have said,

00:59:48.680 --> 00:59:54.440
 that the conditionality of the Abrahamic covenant may have been, like, republished in the Mosaic covenant.

00:59:55.340 --> 01:00:01.380
 In that sense, we can understand that Christ has taken the covenant curses at the cross at Calvary,

01:00:01.380 --> 01:00:09.160
 DeNorma 27, 28, so there is question about whether, though, that conditionality is being republished.

01:00:11.519 --> 01:00:19.039
 Because I don't think, otherwise, I don't think that when we talk about covenant curses,

01:00:19.180 --> 01:00:23.039
 I think we're, people are referring to the Mosaic covenant at Mount Sinai.

01:00:23.039 --> 01:00:27.519
 I haven't heard people talk about the Abrahamic curses that have happened.

01:00:28.480 --> 01:00:30.539
 But I think there is a continuity there.

01:00:30.679 --> 01:00:37.940
 There's a string that, there's a single flow of thought that is definitely foreshadowed in the cross,

01:00:38.679 --> 01:00:40.259
 in that ceremony, especially in Genesis 15.

01:00:41.099 --> 01:00:48.900
 Yeah, it's also interesting that, it's so, it needs to be on this idea that these covenants were about,

01:00:48.900 --> 01:00:53.079
 we have to do, do, do, and work, work, work, to earn our righteousness,

01:00:53.420 --> 01:00:56.720
 and then all of a sudden, the new covenant comes along, and it's like, oh, it's all changed now.

01:00:57.079 --> 01:01:01.960
 But it's beautiful to see that that really, I mean, that wasn't the case,

01:01:02.019 --> 01:01:07.360
 that these covenants had these illusions or predictions or images of God from family.

01:01:07.920 --> 01:01:13.599
 When you point out the Mosaic covenant, I never realized that Moses is saying,

01:01:13.700 --> 01:01:17.320
 you've got to do all this, and you've got to be served, and then again, he's like, yeah, God's going to have to talk.

01:01:17.320 --> 01:01:23.539
 It's just, it's beautiful, it's encouraging, it's inspiring to see that.

01:01:23.920 --> 01:01:24.760
 Thank you, Sharon.

01:01:24.780 --> 01:01:26.120
 Yeah, thank you, Billy, I appreciate that.

01:01:26.660 --> 01:01:31.820
 It is wonderful to see that God is, it is really one story centered on Christ.

01:01:32.340 --> 01:01:33.840
 And that's really biblical theology.

01:01:34.460 --> 01:01:39.280
 It's tracing that promise that God made to Adam and Eve

01:01:39.280 --> 01:01:43.280
 that goes through each covenant and finds its climax in Christ.

01:01:43.280 --> 01:01:47.880
 And that was the goal of trying to walk through all these chapters together.

01:01:48.019 --> 01:01:48.740
 It was really, that was a lot.

01:01:48.860 --> 01:01:49.900
 We walked through a lot.

01:01:52.800 --> 01:01:58.340
 So you mentioned the Noahic, not the covenant,

01:01:58.920 --> 01:02:05.460
 not quite being a continuation of the covenant with Adam.

01:02:05.460 --> 01:02:09.019
 Adam, I kind of wanted to push back on that.

01:02:09.659 --> 01:02:09.820
 Yeah.

01:02:09.820 --> 01:02:12.440
 Because you see in, I think it's Peter,

01:02:12.699 --> 01:02:17.420
 comparing using the flood as a shadow of baptism.

01:02:18.220 --> 01:02:18.400
 Yeah.

01:02:18.679 --> 01:02:21.920
 So it seems like it's almost kind of being pulled back in.

01:02:22.159 --> 01:02:22.380
 Hmm.

01:02:22.920 --> 01:02:23.179
 Then.

01:02:24.139 --> 01:02:27.480
 Yeah, no, thank you for, feel free to push back anybody.

01:02:27.740 --> 01:02:30.559
 I'm happy, but I think it's a good point.

01:02:30.559 --> 01:02:37.000
 I think that's well taken because I think the way covenant is reestablishing

01:02:37.000 --> 01:02:39.840
 sort of the covenant that God made with Adam,

01:02:40.019 --> 01:02:45.239
 but a little different because he, and, because, and Noah,

01:02:45.500 --> 01:02:47.380
 you're recognizing the fall at that point.

01:02:47.659 --> 01:02:51.480
 And he's like, you know, you're going to experience pain and death,

01:02:51.639 --> 01:02:54.920
 but he is commissioning them similar, Noah,

01:02:55.119 --> 01:02:56.380
 similar to how he did with Adam.

01:02:56.380 --> 01:03:00.900
 And there's a similar sort of foreshadowing of God's

01:03:00.900 --> 01:03:08.940
 unconditional nature kind of underlying all of these covenants.

01:03:09.420 --> 01:03:12.059
 I think it's interesting to look through these and realize, like,

01:03:12.960 --> 01:03:16.039
 God sticks out and open the garden before they do anything,

01:03:16.320 --> 01:03:19.840
 and he promises to see before they've really done anything

01:03:19.840 --> 01:03:21.280
 that you can tell as a repentance.

01:03:21.840 --> 01:03:23.720
 And in each of these covenants, God's going,

01:03:24.599 --> 01:03:26.119
 let's say, okay, we'll see how this goes.

01:03:26.380 --> 01:03:29.400
 And there's this.

01:03:31.200 --> 01:03:33.099
 Yeah, there's that unconditional aspect.

01:03:33.320 --> 01:03:35.940
 It's kind of like sitting just underneath all the conditions.

01:03:37.180 --> 01:03:39.980
 And God says, I'm promising to do this if you do that.

01:03:40.400 --> 01:03:43.480
 But I really want to do this, so we're going to make sure you do that.

01:03:43.680 --> 01:03:44.260
 Yeah, yeah.

01:03:44.680 --> 01:03:45.160
 Amen.

01:03:46.039 --> 01:03:48.740
 It is called the great riddle of the Old Testament

01:03:48.740 --> 01:03:51.860
 of how is God going to fulfill the promise to Abraham,

01:03:51.860 --> 01:03:56.860
 but also there is two sided conditions in the Mosaic covenant.

01:03:57.860 --> 01:03:59.960
 If you obey me, then I will do this.

01:04:00.420 --> 01:04:02.240
 But God says, look, I'm going to do this.

01:04:02.640 --> 01:04:05.260
 You're going to be a righteous kingdom, and it's going to bless the whole world.

01:04:05.260 --> 01:04:10.480
 So there is tension in the narrative, and I think God is like,

01:04:11.160 --> 01:04:15.720
 that's probably a storyline tool to point us to the cross and the new covenants,

01:04:15.860 --> 01:04:22.800
 because God in Christ is keeping all the covenant conditions for his people on their behalf.

01:04:22.800 --> 01:04:27.380
 And he's also fulfilling the covenant that God made with Abraham to bless the world through Christ.

01:04:28.360 --> 01:04:30.700
 So we find, that's why Paul thinks in Christ,

01:04:30.940 --> 01:04:35.900
 because like we're in, even Paul will say, Christ is the new Israel.

01:04:36.539 --> 01:04:40.539
 Like, so all that Israel was meant to be, Christ is.

01:04:40.700 --> 01:04:42.060
 And we find ourselves in Christ.

01:04:42.580 --> 01:04:44.080
 So it's fascinating.

01:04:44.079 --> 01:04:53.380
 You see, there are these divergent parallel plot lines that just find their climax in Christ.

01:04:56.099 --> 01:04:58.259
 One of the interesting things with theologians,

01:04:58.380 --> 01:05:02.159
 tracing any one of these things and then trying to elaborate,

01:05:02.940 --> 01:05:05.719
 what does the gospel look like by focusing on this thing?

01:05:06.539 --> 01:05:08.000
 So what is the gospel in terms of covenant?

01:05:08.619 --> 01:05:13.380
 What is the gospel in terms of sacrifice, priesthood, light?

01:05:14.079 --> 01:05:15.159
 Yeah.

01:05:16.539 --> 01:05:17.139
 Retelling.

01:05:18.079 --> 01:05:21.860
 It's the same gospel, but it gives us different endpoints of the other.

01:05:23.000 --> 01:05:27.159
 So are you saying through it all that man has no responsibility?

01:05:28.380 --> 01:05:30.099
 I don't think that at all.

01:05:30.119 --> 01:05:33.619
 What is the tension you're talking about?

01:05:34.480 --> 01:05:38.420
 The tension of how God is going to relate to his people.

01:05:38.420 --> 01:05:46.340
 So in Genesis 12, we see God is making an unconditional promise to Abraham.

01:05:46.579 --> 01:05:48.139
 I'm going to do something for you.

01:05:48.559 --> 01:05:52.460
 And I'm going to establish a righteous kingdom through your line, Abraham.

01:05:52.860 --> 01:05:56.519
 And that ceremony is saying, God's saying, look, I'm going to take the curse on myself

01:05:56.519 --> 01:05:58.619
 if you fail on your side, Abraham.

01:05:58.619 --> 01:06:03.279
 So in that sense, God's going to do it no matter what.

01:06:04.299 --> 01:06:10.319
 Another sense, though, the Mosaic covenant is a conditional covenant between God and his people,

01:06:10.699 --> 01:06:14.000
 where he's like, if you don't keep the terms of this covenant, you're exiled.

01:06:14.000 --> 01:06:16.179
 You're gone.

01:06:16.760 --> 01:06:21.679
 And so I think that's a tension between the terms of both those covenants.

01:06:22.079 --> 01:06:29.260
 I think man is responsible and Christ is, and God will do his redemption, redemptive plan,

01:06:29.960 --> 01:06:32.000
 without any help from anybody.

01:06:32.119 --> 01:06:32.940
 He's going to do it himself.

01:06:32.940 --> 01:06:44.320
 Those two covenants paired together kind of set up the riddle that's solved in the spirit's empowerment of us.

01:06:44.700 --> 01:06:44.840
 Yeah.

01:06:45.260 --> 01:06:45.420
 Yeah.

01:06:46.159 --> 01:06:46.380
 Right.

01:06:46.380 --> 01:06:50.880
 Now, you know, the covenants that, you know, have changed from generation to generation.

01:06:52.240 --> 01:06:57.440
 Do you feel that these covenants are made to make it easier for us to reach heaven,

01:06:57.440 --> 01:07:03.240
 or is it to encompass more people to reach heaven, or do you think this is each?

01:07:04.119 --> 01:07:06.800
 It seems like it's easier to get to heaven.

01:07:07.139 --> 01:07:18.780
 Yeah, I think the covenant there, each covenant is just saying how God is going to relate to his people.

01:07:18.780 --> 01:07:25.320
 I think Abraham, the account of Abraham is important in Genesis 12,

01:07:25.320 --> 01:07:28.080
 because it says Abraham was justified by faith.

01:07:28.660 --> 01:07:32.680
 And Paul in Romans 4 says, now we are justified by faith.

01:07:33.100 --> 01:07:36.580
 I think God has always related to his people the same way, and that's by faith.

01:07:37.360 --> 01:07:38.680
 That hasn't changed.

01:07:39.460 --> 01:07:44.500
 But I will say, now that we have the spirit, we have a fuller understanding,

01:07:44.640 --> 01:07:48.160
 a fuller revelation of God's plan through the church.

01:07:48.160 --> 01:07:54.640
 So, in some ways, it's easier just because it's clearer.

01:07:54.639 --> 01:07:57.839
 Like, we have God's plan, now it's laid out for us.

01:07:57.960 --> 01:08:01.659
 But he always means to relate by faith for his people.

01:08:01.659 --> 01:08:09.119
 I think that, I agree with that, and I think that's a good point of the progressive revelation,

01:08:09.339 --> 01:08:17.220
 is that I think that when Adam used in the week, chose to depart from God's covenant,

01:08:17.559 --> 01:08:19.779
 I know there's some debate whether that's the covenant,

01:08:19.779 --> 01:08:22.979
 but, I mean, there's sort of an agreement that God is holy,

01:08:23.159 --> 01:08:25.079
 and that he is glorious,

01:08:25.439 --> 01:08:31.279
 and that to depart from that, to desire to be like God apart from his plan and wisdom,

01:08:31.739 --> 01:08:34.179
 that so profoundly broke the world,

01:08:34.460 --> 01:08:38.559
 and just all of creation thrown into futility,

01:08:38.560 --> 01:08:44.580
 that I think that for humans it was almost necessary to have progressive revelation,

01:08:44.580 --> 01:08:47.220
 because we're just now so thick-headed.

01:08:47.980 --> 01:08:52.220
 You know, it took a little bit at a time,

01:08:52.640 --> 01:08:54.100
 God revealing his nature,

01:08:54.440 --> 01:08:56.660
 while at the same time,

01:08:57.760 --> 01:09:00.980
 Paul talks about his divine forbearance,

01:09:00.979 --> 01:09:01.399
 you know,

01:09:02.139 --> 01:09:07.779
 God's glory and his nature was transgressed so profoundly,

01:09:08.199 --> 01:09:10.459
 that he should have had nothing to do with this,

01:09:10.639 --> 01:09:12.559
 but he was very gracious,

01:09:13.379 --> 01:09:17.539
 and he revealed more and more of his nature to us,

01:09:17.599 --> 01:09:19.159
 I think, as a mercy,

01:09:19.839 --> 01:09:22.099
 instead of either doing away with us all at once,

01:09:22.239 --> 01:09:25.159
 or requiring everything of us all at once,

01:09:25.459 --> 01:09:30.539
 I think he was very gracious to work slowly with a family of people,

01:09:30.539 --> 01:09:32.960
 that would then be encompassable,

01:09:33.279 --> 01:09:41.939
 so I think progressive revelation is a good answer for why God chose to work with a small group of people slowly,

01:09:42.359 --> 01:09:45.899
 because we just need time to get to it.

01:09:46.539 --> 01:09:47.019
 That's so true.

01:09:47.119 --> 01:09:51.300
 He's teaching his people what it's going to mean for them when Jesus eventually comes.

01:09:51.519 --> 01:09:54.579
 And he's setting up the categories for understanding the gospel.

01:09:55.220 --> 01:09:55.319
 Yeah.

01:09:58.260 --> 01:09:58.659
 Amen.

01:09:58.659 --> 01:10:00.139
 That's such a good thought, brother.

01:10:00.260 --> 01:10:00.619
 Thank you.

01:10:01.819 --> 01:10:03.319
 So, by the end,

01:10:03.840 --> 01:10:06.019
 the Bible really is about Christ,

01:10:06.399 --> 01:10:08.279
 and I think the apostles share that conviction,

01:10:08.439 --> 01:10:11.039
 so I think if you just walk through each text,

01:10:11.119 --> 01:10:11.659
 you kind of see,

01:10:11.760 --> 01:10:14.439
 yeah, this is actually heading in that direction.

01:10:14.939 --> 01:10:16.460
 The offspring will come through David,

01:10:16.460 --> 01:10:19.180
 and David's looking forward to the Messiah.

01:10:19.180 --> 01:10:21.840
 The Messiah eventually comes and establishes a new covenant,

01:10:22.039 --> 01:10:26.039
 a truly just and righteous kingdom that Genesis 3 had always,

01:10:26.260 --> 01:10:27.640
 that's what it was going toward.

01:10:28.239 --> 01:10:34.079
 So, the structure of the New Testament is pointed to the cross.

01:10:36.220 --> 01:10:37.760
 I think if you do faithful exposition,

01:10:37.960 --> 01:10:38.859
 you'll see that.

01:10:38.859 --> 01:10:39.799
 It's not,

01:10:40.299 --> 01:10:43.859
 I don't think we're imposing anything on the text that's not there itself.

01:10:50.339 --> 01:10:50.779
 All right.

01:10:50.779 --> 01:10:51.479
 Well, thank you all.

01:10:51.599 --> 01:10:52.139
 Thank you all.

01:10:52.259 --> 01:10:52.819
 Appreciate it.

01:10:52.819 --> 01:10:53.819
 Thank you.

01:10:53.819 --> 01:10:54.819
 Thank you.

01:10:54.819 --> 01:10:55.819
 Thank you.

01:10:55.819 --> 01:10:56.199
 Thank you.

01:10:56.199 --> 01:10:56.779
 Thank you.

01:10:56.779 --> 01:10:57.319
 Thank you.

01:10:57.319 --> 01:10:57.399
 Thank you.

01:10:57.399 --> 01:10:57.699
 Thank you.

01:10:57.699 --> 01:10:58.279
 Thank you.

01:11:12.960 --> 01:11:13.759
 Yeah, I know.

01:11:14.679 --> 01:11:15.319
 I know.

01:11:15.399 --> 01:11:17.399
 It was the light being broken.

01:11:19.880 --> 01:11:21.479
 Light being broken was one thing.

01:11:21.479 --> 01:11:22.199
 I was like, wow.

01:11:22.399 --> 01:11:23.379
 God was like, yeah.

01:11:23.379 --> 01:11:23.479
 I was like, yeah.

01:11:23.479 --> 01:11:24.479
 I was like, yeah.

01:11:24.479 --> 01:11:25.479
 I was like, yeah.

01:11:26.479 --> 01:11:27.119
 That's Sam?

01:11:27.879 --> 01:11:28.659
 Sam Alvarez.

01:11:28.679 --> 01:11:33.000
 God was not presuming Newman's understanding of physics.

01:11:33.000 --> 01:11:33.500
 Yeah, yeah.

01:11:33.500 --> 01:11:34.359
 He inspired that.

01:11:38.019 --> 01:11:42.619
 But you're not wrong about why you're, yeah.

01:11:42.739 --> 01:11:43.359
 That's one of those.

01:11:45.459 --> 01:11:47.500
 You're not getting any false doctrine out of it.

01:11:47.500 --> 01:11:48.059
 Yeah, yeah.

01:11:48.679 --> 01:11:49.559
 Like, if I heard that.

01:11:49.560 --> 01:11:52.080
 Don't preach that as an exegesis text.

01:11:52.080 --> 01:11:52.360
 I know.

01:11:53.360 --> 01:11:58.780
 If I heard that, I wouldn't be like, he's pushing people to Christ.

01:11:58.980 --> 01:11:59.440
 I'm like, hey.

01:11:59.620 --> 01:11:59.820
 Right.

01:11:59.980 --> 01:12:00.460
 Praise God.

01:12:00.900 --> 01:12:06.080
 If we just take our bow and just send our prayers.

01:12:06.660 --> 01:12:09.100
 Yeah, that one was a little bit like, oh.

01:12:09.100 --> 01:12:13.780
 I don't know if I like that analogy.

01:12:14.320 --> 01:12:17.620
 I feel like it makes it sound a little bit too worksy.

01:12:17.960 --> 01:12:19.320
 But I'd have to see the rest of the time.

01:12:20.120 --> 01:12:21.780
 Because there's one of those.

01:12:23.460 --> 01:12:26.520
 Not knowing Spurgeon, I would have real issues with that.

01:12:26.620 --> 01:12:30.420
 But knowing Spurgeon, I suspect there's better theology going on in the background there.

01:12:30.420 --> 01:12:31.800
 So, yeah.

01:12:35.880 --> 01:12:36.279
 Yeah.

01:12:37.619 --> 01:12:38.159
 It was good.

01:12:38.500 --> 01:12:38.699
 Thanks.

01:12:38.800 --> 01:12:39.279
 I...

01:12:40.000 --> 01:12:40.279
 ...

01:12:40.639 --> 01:12:42.179
 ...

01:12:42.179 --> 01:12:44.759
 The next question you Qualified play.

01:12:45.960 --> 01:12:46.519
 Yes.

01:12:46.619 --> 01:12:47.399
 ...

01:12:47.399 --> 01:12:47.619
 You have to kinda like that.

01:12:47.619 --> 01:12:48.739
 I was going to might berr реш.

01:12:48.739 --> 01:12:49.259
 Exactly.