WEBVTT 00:00:00.000 --> 00:00:06.000 Well, there are all sorts of reasons people apply for jobs, aren't there? It can just be the need to get some money in. 00:00:06.000 --> 00:00:10.000 But very often people apply for jobs they think they are in some way capable of doing. 00:00:10.000 --> 00:00:16.000 This point is probably right to say I never apply for any job in a church. There we go. Read into that when you will. 00:00:16.000 --> 00:00:20.000 But yes, there are excellent job application forms if you look online. 00:00:20.000 --> 00:00:25.000 For example, one person wrote, showing how well equipped they were for this, 00:00:25.000 --> 00:00:32.000 I was drawn to this global warming research position by my love of penguins and baby polar bears, 00:00:32.000 --> 00:00:37.000 and I also speak fluent Antarctican. 00:00:37.000 --> 00:00:39.000 Good luck. 00:00:39.000 --> 00:00:46.000 I was extremely motivated to find a position where I could apply my love of interpersonal communication to multifaceted colleagues. 00:00:46.000 --> 00:00:50.000 I don't know if you have multifaceted colleagues. Anyway, there we go. 00:00:50.000 --> 00:00:55.000 And perhaps my personal favourite, I'm looking for a prof reading position. 00:00:55.000 --> 00:01:01.000 If you get that in the email from me, you'll know that is the sort of thing I would write. 00:01:01.000 --> 00:01:08.000 Anyway, clearly the people in James' writings who also thought they were very qualified for a job, 00:01:08.000 --> 00:01:10.000 which they were really not qualified for. 00:01:10.000 --> 00:01:16.000 They haven't filled an application form, but James is, if you like, putting some criteria before them, 00:01:16.000 --> 00:01:19.000 by which they may assess themselves. 00:01:19.000 --> 00:01:23.000 Now these people thought they could be great teachers. 00:01:23.000 --> 00:01:26.000 Unfortunately, they couldn't. 00:01:26.000 --> 00:01:31.000 And so James gives us first of all the first part of the chapter, verses 1-12, 00:01:31.000 --> 00:01:35.000 he tells them and us, and not just these particular people, but everyone in the congregation, 00:01:35.000 --> 00:01:38.000 about our dangerous problem. 00:01:38.000 --> 00:01:45.000 And then, verses 13-18, he gets into God's gracious solutions. 00:01:45.000 --> 00:01:47.000 First of all, our dangerous problem. 00:01:47.000 --> 00:01:50.000 And reading between the lines of this whole letter, 00:01:50.000 --> 00:01:55.000 we get quite a picture of what some of the folk in this congregation were like. 00:01:55.000 --> 00:01:59.000 They really considered themselves to be pretty mature believers. 00:01:59.000 --> 00:02:04.000 So, if you look back over the chapters so far, in chapter 1, verse 19, 00:02:04.000 --> 00:02:09.000 they were obviously quite quick to voice their opinion, quite quick to get angry with other people, 00:02:09.000 --> 00:02:11.000 who didn't want to follow their suggestions. 00:02:11.000 --> 00:02:16.000 And so James has to tell them to be slow to speak and quick to listen. 00:02:16.000 --> 00:02:20.000 They thought they were good religious people, so chapter 1, verse 26, 00:02:20.000 --> 00:02:22.000 James confronts them with the truth. 00:02:22.000 --> 00:02:28.000 If you think you're religious, but cannot control your tongue, your religion is worthless, he says. 00:02:28.000 --> 00:02:33.000 In chapter 2, verse 18, there are people who were very good in their doctrine, 00:02:33.000 --> 00:02:37.000 they liked to believe the right things, and thought that was sufficient. 00:02:37.000 --> 00:02:42.000 So James had to confront them and say, no, faith is completed by works. 00:02:42.000 --> 00:02:45.000 Faith is completed by works. 00:02:45.000 --> 00:02:48.000 It's not a matter of just what you believe or what you profess. 00:02:48.000 --> 00:02:50.000 It's how you live it out in your lives. 00:02:50.000 --> 00:02:53.000 And so probably we shouldn't be surprised when he has to turn around, 00:02:53.000 --> 00:02:56.000 chapter 3, verse 1, to say this, 00:02:56.000 --> 00:02:59.000 Not many of you should become teachers, my brothers. 00:02:59.000 --> 00:03:04.000 For you know that those who teach will be judged with greater strictness. 00:03:04.000 --> 00:03:08.000 Now the government would love it if more people applied to be teachers for maths or science. 00:03:08.000 --> 00:03:10.000 There's always a shortage, isn't there? 00:03:10.000 --> 00:03:13.000 But the difference here is James is talking about the church. 00:03:13.000 --> 00:03:17.000 Now, of course, to want to teach is a good thing. 00:03:17.000 --> 00:03:18.000 Paul writes to Timothy, it says, 00:03:18.000 --> 00:03:21.000 Those who desire to be overseers, those who desire to be elders, 00:03:21.000 --> 00:03:24.000 who therefore teach in the church, desire a noble thing. 00:03:24.000 --> 00:03:26.000 It's a noble task. 00:03:26.000 --> 00:03:30.000 So James isn't saying that wanting to teach is a bad thing. 00:03:30.000 --> 00:03:33.000 Rather, he's reminding us that those who do this task, 00:03:33.000 --> 00:03:38.000 myself included, Paul included, will be judged with greater strictness. 00:03:38.000 --> 00:03:42.000 So James isn't trying to put them off the job exactly. 00:03:42.000 --> 00:03:45.000 Rather, he wants them to recognise the dangers that go with it, 00:03:45.000 --> 00:03:48.000 and therefore to examine themselves. 00:03:48.000 --> 00:03:52.000 Perhaps they wanted to be teachers because they thought they were mature. 00:03:52.000 --> 00:03:56.000 Perhaps they wanted to be teachers because of the status that came with it. 00:03:56.000 --> 00:04:00.000 Perhaps they wanted to be teachers because they wanted other people to listen to them. 00:04:00.000 --> 00:04:03.000 And dangerous for all of us who do teach. 00:04:03.000 --> 00:04:06.000 So James warns them, first of all, that's significance of the time. 00:04:06.000 --> 00:04:09.000 Teachers will be judged more severely. 00:04:09.000 --> 00:04:17.000 People who use words are always likely to be judged by their words, aren't they? 00:04:17.000 --> 00:04:20.000 Journalists can write lots of things but easily get done for libel. 00:04:20.000 --> 00:04:24.000 Lawyers have to be ever so careful about their words, don't they? 00:04:24.000 --> 00:04:26.000 What goes into contracts? 00:04:26.000 --> 00:04:30.000 Companies will spend thousands and tens of thousands, millions, 00:04:30.000 --> 00:04:34.000 making sure the contracts are alright, employing lawyers to check that out. 00:04:34.000 --> 00:04:42.000 Yet James says there's an even greater task for those who are teaching God's Word. 00:04:42.000 --> 00:04:43.000 Why? 00:04:43.000 --> 00:04:46.000 Well, firstly, because it is God's Word. 00:04:46.000 --> 00:04:51.000 If you make a mistake as a lawyer, you might get your company into a bit of trouble. 00:04:51.000 --> 00:04:53.000 If you make a mistake as a journalist, you might be subject to libel. 00:04:53.000 --> 00:04:56.000 If you make a mistake as a teacher of God's Word, 00:04:56.000 --> 00:05:01.000 you might be libeling the almighty King of the universe, our Creator. 00:05:01.000 --> 00:05:05.000 Or you might be leading people astray with false teaching. 00:05:05.000 --> 00:05:07.000 Or dividing churches. 00:05:07.000 --> 00:05:11.000 Words carry power, don't they? 00:05:11.000 --> 00:05:12.000 Words of significance. 00:05:12.000 --> 00:05:15.000 And the ultimate significance of the time, I suppose, is... 00:05:15.000 --> 00:05:18.000 James no doubt has Jesus' words in mind here. 00:05:18.000 --> 00:05:21.000 Matthew 12, verse 36. 00:05:21.000 --> 00:05:24.000 I tell you, Jesus speaking, I tell you on a day of judgment, 00:05:24.000 --> 00:05:29.000 people will have to give account for every careless word they speak. 00:05:29.000 --> 00:05:34.000 For by your words you'll be justified, and by your words you'll be condemned. 00:05:34.000 --> 00:05:39.000 In the previous chapter, it had been reminding us we're going to be judged by our works. 00:05:39.000 --> 00:05:43.000 And words are, if you like, a special sort of word, aren't they? 00:05:43.000 --> 00:05:47.000 And it's out the overflow of our hearts that our mouths speak. 00:05:47.000 --> 00:05:49.000 So words are highly significant. 00:05:49.000 --> 00:05:54.000 And especially for those of us entrusted with teaching in a church. 00:05:54.000 --> 00:05:59.000 Those words are very significant. 00:05:59.000 --> 00:06:01.000 Not that James is expecting perfection here. 00:06:01.000 --> 00:06:03.000 That's what he says in verse 2. 00:06:03.000 --> 00:06:05.000 We all stumble in many ways. 00:06:05.000 --> 00:06:08.000 As a teacher acknowledges that, we stumble in many ways. 00:06:08.000 --> 00:06:10.000 And if anyone does not stumble in what he says, 00:06:10.000 --> 00:06:14.000 he is a perfect man, able to bridle his whole body. 00:06:14.000 --> 00:06:18.000 Now when he says perfect, I don't think that's the best translation. 00:06:18.000 --> 00:06:22.000 That word is also translated mature or complete. 00:06:22.000 --> 00:06:24.000 Clearly James doesn't expect perfection. 00:06:24.000 --> 00:06:26.000 He says we all stumble in many ways. 00:06:26.000 --> 00:06:29.000 But he is looking for maturity, isn't he? 00:06:29.000 --> 00:06:32.000 It's the same word he used back in chapter 1. 00:06:32.000 --> 00:06:34.000 How do we become mature? 00:06:34.000 --> 00:06:37.000 Well, chapter 1 verse 5. 00:06:37.000 --> 00:06:39.000 It's through trials. 00:06:39.000 --> 00:06:42.000 Sorry, chapter 1 verse 4. 00:06:43.000 --> 00:06:44.000 Verse 3 really. 00:06:44.000 --> 00:06:47.000 The testing of your faith produces steadfastness. 00:06:47.000 --> 00:06:50.000 Unless steadfastness have its full effect. 00:06:50.000 --> 00:06:54.000 That you may be perfect and complete, lacking in nothing. 00:06:54.000 --> 00:06:55.000 It's the same word. 00:06:55.000 --> 00:06:56.000 How does maturity come? 00:06:56.000 --> 00:06:58.000 Through the testing of our faith. 00:06:58.000 --> 00:07:00.000 It's you cooperating with that. 00:07:00.000 --> 00:07:05.000 That's how we'll be able to gain some sort of bridle over our times. 00:07:05.000 --> 00:07:07.000 So here's James' strategy. 00:07:07.000 --> 00:07:09.000 He's telling these people who want to be teachers. 00:07:09.000 --> 00:07:14.000 He's telling them what's really needed to be a teacher is maturity. 00:07:14.000 --> 00:07:16.000 Increased maturity. 00:07:16.000 --> 00:07:21.000 And that's needed because teachers will be judged more severely when Christ returns. 00:07:21.000 --> 00:07:26.000 There's a strong movement in conservative evangelical circles today. 00:07:26.000 --> 00:07:30.000 That says if you can teach, you should be a preacher. 00:07:30.000 --> 00:07:33.000 If you can teach geography, you should be preaching in a church. 00:07:33.000 --> 00:07:39.000 And I sometimes wonder if they actually have taken this verse seriously. 00:07:39.000 --> 00:07:42.000 And various other things in scripture seriously as well. 00:07:42.000 --> 00:07:46.000 Teaching is a dangerous calling. 00:07:46.000 --> 00:07:49.000 Because of the significance of the tongue. 00:07:49.000 --> 00:07:56.000 In case anyone thinks that bridling the human tongue is a simple thing, James goes on to show us, it is not. 00:07:56.000 --> 00:08:00.000 So having shown the significance of the tongue, he then talks about the power of the tongue. 00:08:00.000 --> 00:08:02.000 Verses 3-6. 00:08:02.000 --> 00:08:09.000 And the point of all these illustrations he uses here, the bit in the mouth of a horse, the rudder on a boat, the spark that starts a fire, 00:08:09.000 --> 00:08:13.000 is that small things have profound effects. 00:08:13.000 --> 00:08:17.000 And in case we miss it, look at that last illustration he uses at the end of verse 5. 00:08:17.000 --> 00:08:22.000 How great a forest is set ablaze by such a small fire. 00:08:22.000 --> 00:08:24.000 And a tongue is a fire. 00:08:24.000 --> 00:08:26.000 A world of unrighteousness. 00:08:26.000 --> 00:08:35.000 The tongue is set among our members, staining the whole body, setting on fire the entire course of life, and set on fire by hell. 00:08:35.000 --> 00:08:37.000 See how it describes the tongue? 00:08:37.000 --> 00:08:40.000 A world of unrighteousness. 00:08:40.000 --> 00:08:43.000 John Calvin put it eloquently. 00:08:43.000 --> 00:08:47.000 A slender portion of flesh that contains in it the whole world of iniquity. 00:08:47.000 --> 00:08:54.000 A slender portion of flesh that contains in it the whole world of iniquity. 00:08:54.000 --> 00:08:59.000 With our tongues we can say things we would never do. 00:08:59.000 --> 00:09:03.000 We can destroy people in ways that we would never do physically. 00:09:03.000 --> 00:09:10.000 And of course in this day and age we can do that not just with our tongues but with our fingertips online, 00:09:10.000 --> 00:09:15.000 with our tweets, with our emails, with our Facebook posts. 00:09:15.000 --> 00:09:20.000 And so the tongue, James warns, it stains the whole body. 00:09:20.000 --> 00:09:28.000 Now that could mean that for leaders in the church, for teachers in the church, what we say with our tongues can stain the whole body of Christ, the whole congregation. 00:09:28.000 --> 00:09:30.000 And there's no truth in that. 00:09:30.000 --> 00:09:35.000 I'm sure we all know churches that have torn themselves apart with arguments and rancour, sadly. 00:09:35.000 --> 00:09:39.000 But I think James is speaking more simply here. 00:09:39.000 --> 00:09:41.000 Just with our words. 00:09:41.000 --> 00:09:43.000 We can stain our whole lives. 00:09:43.000 --> 00:09:47.000 We can say things we cannot take back. 00:09:47.000 --> 00:09:50.000 Remember James said back in chapter one. 00:09:50.000 --> 00:09:56.000 The pure religion, true religion that pleases God is to keep our tongues under control, 00:09:56.000 --> 00:10:00.000 keep ourselves unstained by the world around us. 00:10:00.000 --> 00:10:07.000 Yet how quickly the stains of the world can be picked up by our tongues and then lead to our whole bodies. 00:10:07.000 --> 00:10:09.000 It's interesting isn't it? 00:10:09.000 --> 00:10:15.000 Because I think we very often think of sexual desire as being the thing that's most likely to trip us up and destroy churches. 00:10:15.000 --> 00:10:24.000 I certainly don't want to diminish the danger of sexual sin and the very real temptation it is for us and the damage it can do. 00:10:24.000 --> 00:10:35.000 And yet, James is telling us not to overlook something that in some ways is smaller, in some ways much easier, but also hugely damaging. 00:10:35.000 --> 00:10:40.000 What a small fire, what a small spark can set up loads of great forests. 00:10:40.000 --> 00:10:45.000 And whereas sexual temptation flotches and diminishes through life, 00:10:45.000 --> 00:10:48.000 do you think it's what James says here? 00:10:48.000 --> 00:10:55.000 It sets on fire the entire course of a life, not just the direction of a life that can be changed, but throughout life, 00:10:55.000 --> 00:10:58.000 the danger of the tongue is very with us, isn't it? 00:10:58.000 --> 00:11:02.000 Matthew Henry, the Puritan Bible commentator, wrote this, 00:11:02.000 --> 00:11:07.000 When other sins are tamed and subdued by the infirmities of age, 00:11:07.000 --> 00:11:09.000 the spirit often grows more tart, 00:11:09.000 --> 00:11:11.000 nature being drawn down to the dregs, 00:11:11.000 --> 00:11:14.000 and the words used become more passionate. 00:11:14.000 --> 00:11:18.000 Actually, as we go through life, the whole course of life, 00:11:18.000 --> 00:11:20.000 we set on fire by the tongue. 00:11:20.000 --> 00:11:22.000 And why is it so dangerous? 00:11:22.000 --> 00:11:26.000 Well, James says it's set on fire by hell itself. 00:11:26.000 --> 00:11:28.000 He says in verse 6. 00:11:28.000 --> 00:11:31.000 See, all Satan's temptations are flaming arrows, aren't they? 00:11:31.000 --> 00:11:34.000 It's like the tongue is the most flammable part of our bodies. 00:11:34.000 --> 00:11:38.000 So easily, we can be tempted for that quick word which puts people down, 00:11:38.000 --> 00:11:43.000 tempted to express that anger which can destroy and hurt and maim. 00:11:43.000 --> 00:11:50.000 The tongue is very flammable, and Satan desires to set it on fire. 00:11:50.000 --> 00:11:53.000 And James is told us how words are significant. 00:11:53.000 --> 00:11:55.000 We'll be judged by them. 00:11:55.000 --> 00:11:57.000 They're also powerful. 00:11:57.000 --> 00:12:00.000 And thirdly, he tells us they are uncontrollable. 00:12:00.000 --> 00:12:03.000 And this is where he gets us to how deep our problem is. 00:12:03.000 --> 00:12:04.000 We get verses 6 to 8. 00:12:04.000 --> 00:12:06.000 And he talks about this. 00:12:06.000 --> 00:12:07.000 Well, verse 8, for example, 00:12:07.000 --> 00:12:10.000 he gives all these illustrations of these beasts that can be tamed, 00:12:10.000 --> 00:12:12.000 and birds that can be tamed by humankind. 00:12:12.000 --> 00:12:13.000 Verse 8, 00:12:13.000 --> 00:12:17.000 But no human can tame the tongue. 00:12:17.000 --> 00:12:22.000 It is a restless evil, full of deadly poison. 00:12:22.000 --> 00:12:27.000 We just cannot, 100% of the time, control what we say. 00:12:27.000 --> 00:12:29.000 We cannot do it. 00:12:29.000 --> 00:12:31.000 It is not humanly possible. 00:12:31.000 --> 00:12:38.000 We have this poison here, ready to damage, and we cannot bring it under control. 00:12:38.000 --> 00:12:39.000 So the tongue is significant. 00:12:39.000 --> 00:12:40.000 It is powerful. 00:12:40.000 --> 00:12:42.000 It is uncontrollable. 00:12:42.000 --> 00:12:45.000 And finally, it reveals our hearts. 00:12:45.000 --> 00:12:48.000 That's really the point of verses 9 to 12. 00:12:48.000 --> 00:12:49.000 It reveals our hearts. 00:12:49.000 --> 00:12:51.000 Look at verse 9. 00:12:51.000 --> 00:12:58.000 With it we bless our Lord and Father, and with it we curse people who are made in the likeness of God. 00:12:58.000 --> 00:13:03.000 It's so easy as you can sing hymns wholeheartedly on a Sunday. 00:13:03.000 --> 00:13:08.000 And maybe even just in the gossip over coffee at the end of the service. 00:13:08.000 --> 00:13:14.000 Say things about people which are judging them, and therefore cursing those who are made in the likeness of God. 00:13:14.000 --> 00:13:15.000 We don't go on a Sunday. 00:13:15.000 --> 00:13:19.000 And what about on a Monday lunchtime, sitting with colleagues? 00:13:19.000 --> 00:13:27.000 I don't know how it is in your workplace, but in my old workplace, the easiest form of conversation was to criticize the management. 00:13:27.000 --> 00:13:36.000 It could be your immediate line managers, or it could be those people over there in the head office who are making bad decisions all the time. 00:13:36.000 --> 00:13:41.000 With our tongues we can praise God and curse people made in God's likeness. 00:13:41.000 --> 00:13:48.000 From the same mouth, verse 10, come blessing and cursing my brothers, these things ought not to be so. 00:13:48.000 --> 00:13:50.000 And yet they are so, aren't they? 00:13:50.000 --> 00:13:54.000 They certainly were in James' church. Look over to chapter 4 verse 11 for a moment. 00:13:54.000 --> 00:13:56.000 This type of thing is going on all the time. 00:13:56.000 --> 00:13:59.000 Do not speak evil against one another, brothers. 00:13:59.000 --> 00:14:06.000 The one who speaks against a brother or judges his brother speaks evil against the law and judges the law. 00:14:06.000 --> 00:14:11.000 But if you judge the law, you are not a doer of the law, but a judge. 00:14:11.000 --> 00:14:13.000 You are setting yourself up as a judge, aren't you? 00:14:13.000 --> 00:14:15.000 And here comes the warning. 00:14:15.000 --> 00:14:18.000 There is only one lawgiver and judge. 00:14:18.000 --> 00:14:22.000 He who is able to save and to destroy. 00:14:22.000 --> 00:14:25.000 But who are you to judge your neighbour? 00:14:25.000 --> 00:14:31.000 In other words, if we end up judging one another, we are trying to take God's job, aren't we? 00:14:31.000 --> 00:14:38.000 It is treason. Not only with cursing people made in God's image, but pretending we are God ourselves. 00:14:38.000 --> 00:14:42.000 We are saying, oh God, you sit over there, I can sit on the throne, I can cast judgements. 00:14:42.000 --> 00:14:46.000 James says, brothers, don't do it. Don't do it. 00:14:46.000 --> 00:14:52.000 It is easy to judge, but only the true judge can save and destroy. 00:14:52.000 --> 00:14:59.000 And why shouldn't he destroy us if we are deposing him, taking his role? 00:14:59.000 --> 00:15:04.000 So the tongue is our biggest problem, James says. 00:15:04.000 --> 00:15:07.000 But do you notice what he doesn't say? 00:15:07.000 --> 00:15:08.000 Do you notice what he hasn't said? 00:15:08.000 --> 00:15:11.000 He doesn't say try, Ponder. 00:15:11.000 --> 00:15:13.000 He doesn't say speak less. 00:15:13.000 --> 00:15:15.000 He doesn't say have a swearing box. 00:15:15.000 --> 00:15:16.000 Have you ever had one of those? 00:15:16.000 --> 00:15:18.000 I know parents who have used this. 00:15:18.000 --> 00:15:22.000 If someone swears, you have to put 10p or a pound or whatever it is in the box. 00:15:22.000 --> 00:15:25.000 And that's kind of the incentive not to use that language. 00:15:25.000 --> 00:15:26.000 Here, try that. 00:15:26.000 --> 00:15:28.000 Have a criticism box or something. 00:15:28.000 --> 00:15:29.000 James doesn't say do this. 00:15:29.000 --> 00:15:31.000 Put money in every time you judge your neighbour. 00:15:31.000 --> 00:15:33.000 Every time you say something you shouldn't say about someone else. 00:15:33.000 --> 00:15:35.000 James doesn't say that, does he? 00:15:35.000 --> 00:15:38.000 He doesn't give us 10 strategies for managing our tongues. 00:15:38.000 --> 00:15:40.000 Why not? 00:15:40.000 --> 00:15:43.000 Well, the answer is simple, isn't it? 00:15:43.000 --> 00:15:45.000 It's because we can't do it. 00:15:45.000 --> 00:15:50.000 He's told us back in verse 8, no human can control the tongue. 00:15:50.000 --> 00:15:52.000 No human can control the tongue. 00:15:52.000 --> 00:15:56.000 Yet we need to take these warnings seriously in verses 11 and 12, don't we? 00:15:56.000 --> 00:16:01.000 Does a spring pour forth from the same opening both fresh and salt water? 00:16:01.000 --> 00:16:04.000 No, of course not. It doesn't. 00:16:04.000 --> 00:16:07.000 What comes out of spring is either fresh or salty. 00:16:07.000 --> 00:16:08.000 It's one or the other. 00:16:08.000 --> 00:16:10.000 It depends on the nature of the spring, doesn't it? 00:16:10.000 --> 00:16:12.000 Can a fig tree, my brothers, bear olives? 00:16:12.000 --> 00:16:14.000 Or a grapevine produce figs? 00:16:14.000 --> 00:16:17.000 Neither can a salt pond yield fresh water. 00:16:17.000 --> 00:16:19.000 Do you hear his implication? 00:16:19.000 --> 00:16:26.000 If we are bringing forth bitter speech, 00:16:26.000 --> 00:16:29.000 then it actually is telling us what's in our heart. 00:16:29.000 --> 00:16:34.000 James remembers the words of his half-brother the Lord Jesus. 00:16:34.000 --> 00:16:37.000 Out of the overflow of the mouth, the heart speaks. 00:16:37.000 --> 00:16:42.000 So your heart, James says, is like a salt pond that cannot produce fresh water. 00:16:42.000 --> 00:16:45.000 We need something to change our hearts. 00:16:45.000 --> 00:16:47.000 And who can change our hearts? 00:16:47.000 --> 00:16:49.000 Well, he's told us, don't he? 00:16:49.000 --> 00:16:50.000 Hasn't he? 00:16:50.000 --> 00:16:54.000 But in chapter 4, it's God who can save or condemn. 00:16:54.000 --> 00:17:00.000 So having seen our biggest problem, then James takes us on to God's gracious solution. 00:17:00.000 --> 00:17:02.000 In verses 13 to 18. 00:17:02.000 --> 00:17:05.000 Who is wise and understanding among you, he says. 00:17:05.000 --> 00:17:09.000 Now you can imagine, all these people who want to be teachers at that point stepping forward. 00:17:09.000 --> 00:17:11.000 Yes, I'm wise and understanding. 00:17:11.000 --> 00:17:13.000 I've read all the theology. 00:17:13.000 --> 00:17:16.000 I understand things better than the person next to me. 00:17:16.000 --> 00:17:17.000 I can articulate it. 00:17:17.000 --> 00:17:18.000 I'm wise and understanding. 00:17:18.000 --> 00:17:20.000 What do you want, James? 00:17:20.000 --> 00:17:23.000 Well, James says, here are the qualifications you really need. 00:17:23.000 --> 00:17:29.000 By his conduct, let him show his works in the meekness of wisdom. 00:17:29.000 --> 00:17:34.000 In other words, James is saying, if you're really wise, you'll see it in your life. 00:17:34.000 --> 00:17:36.000 You'll see it in the way you live. 00:17:36.000 --> 00:17:41.000 Not purely what you say or what you claim, but the way you live. 00:17:41.000 --> 00:17:44.000 Because wisdom in the Bible is never about knowledge or never purely about knowledge. 00:17:44.000 --> 00:17:47.000 It's not the same as intelligence. 00:17:47.000 --> 00:17:54.000 Rather, wisdom, to borrow someone else's phrase, is about skill in the art of godly living. 00:17:54.000 --> 00:17:57.000 Wisdom is about skill in the art of godly living. 00:17:57.000 --> 00:18:01.000 It's about skill in living in God's ways, in God's world. 00:18:01.000 --> 00:18:07.000 A generally key characteristic James mentions here about wisdom is the meekness of wisdom. 00:18:07.000 --> 00:18:11.000 That is the meekness that is produced by wisdom. 00:18:11.000 --> 00:18:14.000 Now, wisdom in the Bible begins with the fear of the Lord. 00:18:14.000 --> 00:18:16.000 Proverbs 9 verse 10. 00:18:16.000 --> 00:18:20.000 The fear of the Lord is the beginning of wisdom. 00:18:20.000 --> 00:18:22.000 A knowledge of the Holy One. 00:18:22.000 --> 00:18:25.000 A knowledge of the Holy One is insight. 00:18:25.000 --> 00:18:28.000 In other words, if we want to be wise, that's where it begins. 00:18:28.000 --> 00:18:30.000 It begins with fear in God. 00:18:30.000 --> 00:18:39.000 If we fear Him, if we understand ourselves properly in relation to God, then that's bound to bring meekness, isn't it? 00:18:39.000 --> 00:18:41.000 It's bound to bring humility. 00:18:41.000 --> 00:18:52.000 Because we all see that we are sinful creatures with nothing to offer before this holy, powerful, creator God. 00:18:52.000 --> 00:18:54.000 What do we have to offer before Him? 00:18:54.000 --> 00:19:01.000 See, if we fear the Lord, that is the beginning of wisdom, and that always results in weakness. 00:19:01.000 --> 00:19:10.000 We can't be proud and judgmental when we see ourselves true before the awesome, one true God. 00:19:10.000 --> 00:19:13.000 So meekness is a product of wisdom. 00:19:13.000 --> 00:19:16.000 And meekness is something James has talked about before. 00:19:16.000 --> 00:19:19.000 Meekness is how we are to receive God's word. 00:19:19.000 --> 00:19:22.000 Look back to chapter 1 verse 21 for a moment. 00:19:22.000 --> 00:19:29.000 In the context of people being quick to get angry, and quick to speak their minds, 00:19:29.000 --> 00:19:31.000 James tells them to be the opposite. 00:19:31.000 --> 00:19:33.000 Then chapter 1 verse 21 says, 00:19:33.000 --> 00:19:40.000 Therefore put away all filthiness and rampant wickedness, your desire to dominate, your desire to have your voice put forward. 00:19:40.000 --> 00:19:48.000 And instead, receive with meekness the implanted word which is able to save your souls. 00:19:48.000 --> 00:19:50.000 See, this is the good news James has. 00:19:50.000 --> 00:19:52.000 This is God's gracious cure. 00:19:52.000 --> 00:19:54.000 It is to receive His word. 00:19:54.000 --> 00:20:03.000 To receive the gospel message of the Lord Jesus Christ, who came to die on the cross, to take our sin with Him. 00:20:03.000 --> 00:20:09.000 It was nailed to Him on the cross that we could live a new life. 00:20:09.000 --> 00:20:11.000 That our old life could be taken away. 00:20:11.000 --> 00:20:16.000 He was raised to new life, to offer us new life. 00:20:16.000 --> 00:20:18.000 To give us new hearts. 00:20:18.000 --> 00:20:22.000 So we may think we are great teachers, says James. 00:20:22.000 --> 00:20:23.000 But you are not. 00:20:23.000 --> 00:20:27.000 You need to receive with meekness God's implanted word. 00:20:27.000 --> 00:20:33.000 And in case anyone still thought that actually they were still pretty hot and still pretty good and still capable of teaching, 00:20:33.000 --> 00:20:36.000 James goes on to lay things out for an honest self-evaluation. 00:20:36.000 --> 00:20:38.000 Look at verse 14. 00:20:38.000 --> 00:20:45.000 But, in contrast, in contrast to living this meek-like, this living out in meekness. 00:20:45.000 --> 00:20:51.000 If you have bitter jealousy and selfish ambition in your hearts, do not boast and be false to the truth. 00:20:51.000 --> 00:20:55.000 You know, we may think we are great teachers. 00:20:55.000 --> 00:20:57.000 We may think we are mature believers. 00:20:57.000 --> 00:20:58.000 We know more than others. 00:20:58.000 --> 00:21:04.000 We may think we deserve to be recognized in the church. 00:21:04.000 --> 00:21:05.000 Given a role. 00:21:05.000 --> 00:21:09.000 We may think other people should listen to our ideas. 00:21:09.000 --> 00:21:14.000 But James is saying if you think like that, look carefully at yourself. 00:21:14.000 --> 00:21:16.000 Why do you want those things? 00:21:16.000 --> 00:21:20.000 If you really are wise, show it by your actions. 00:21:20.000 --> 00:21:22.000 Consider your actions and your attitude. 00:21:22.000 --> 00:21:26.000 Does the way you live demonstrate that meekness that comes from knowing God? 00:21:26.000 --> 00:21:30.000 Or are you really just wanting more influence? 00:21:30.000 --> 00:21:31.000 Are you wanting to be admired? 00:21:31.000 --> 00:21:33.000 Is it about your ambition? 00:21:33.000 --> 00:21:36.000 Desiring to be respected? 00:21:36.000 --> 00:21:40.000 For those of us who are in full-time ministry, this is always an issue. 00:21:40.000 --> 00:21:43.000 We go to conferences and people want to know. 00:21:43.000 --> 00:21:45.000 How big is your church? 00:21:45.000 --> 00:21:47.000 How many people look at your website? 00:21:47.000 --> 00:21:50.000 How many people download stuff that you've preached? 00:21:51.000 --> 00:21:54.000 It's so easy without pride and selfish ambition. 00:21:54.000 --> 00:21:59.000 I have people who ask me, do you have a strong, cool group going with you to plant this church? 00:21:59.000 --> 00:22:04.000 There are a million ways I could answer that. 00:22:04.000 --> 00:22:07.000 And the best way I can answer is to say, yes it is strong. 00:22:07.000 --> 00:22:10.000 Because when we are weak, that's when we are strong. 00:22:10.000 --> 00:22:12.000 We're dependent on God's grace. 00:22:12.000 --> 00:22:14.000 He's the one who makes us strong. 00:22:14.000 --> 00:22:15.000 Yet so easy isn't it? 00:22:15.000 --> 00:22:19.000 Selfish ambition can easily creep in. 00:22:19.000 --> 00:22:22.000 So James is giving us this test there. 00:22:22.000 --> 00:22:24.000 Are there fits of jealousy there? 00:22:24.000 --> 00:22:25.000 Is it selfish ambition? 00:22:25.000 --> 00:22:27.000 Do you want what other people have? 00:22:27.000 --> 00:22:30.000 Do you want the status and admiration they have? 00:22:30.000 --> 00:22:35.000 Or are you living a life that shows the meekness that comes from wisdom? 00:22:35.000 --> 00:22:39.000 And by the way he says, at the end of the verse, 00:22:39.000 --> 00:22:41.000 Do not boast and be false to the truth. 00:22:41.000 --> 00:22:43.000 Don't claim you're wise. 00:22:43.000 --> 00:22:45.000 Don't boast about your wisdom. 00:22:45.000 --> 00:22:47.000 If actually you're not wise. 00:22:47.000 --> 00:22:49.000 That is being false to the truth. 00:22:49.000 --> 00:22:52.000 You're saying that wisdom is something that is not. 00:22:52.000 --> 00:22:54.000 In fact, what is it? 00:22:54.000 --> 00:22:55.000 If you're all proud. 00:22:55.000 --> 00:22:57.000 If you're full of selfish ambition. 00:22:57.000 --> 00:22:59.000 If we want others to make us this. 00:22:59.000 --> 00:23:00.000 Or verse 15. 00:23:00.000 --> 00:23:03.000 This is not the wisdom that comes from above. 00:23:03.000 --> 00:23:05.000 But it's earthly. 00:23:05.000 --> 00:23:06.000 Unspiritual. 00:23:06.000 --> 00:23:07.000 Demonic. 00:23:07.000 --> 00:23:10.000 For where jealousy and selfish ambition exist. 00:23:10.000 --> 00:23:14.000 There will be disorder and every evil practice. 00:23:14.000 --> 00:23:16.000 That word disorder. 00:23:16.000 --> 00:23:19.000 Is the same word translated back in verse 8 as restless. 00:23:19.000 --> 00:23:21.000 The tongue is restless. 00:23:21.000 --> 00:23:24.000 It's also the word James had used back in chapter 1 verse 8. 00:23:24.000 --> 00:23:28.000 Where he talks about the double minded man who is unstable. 00:23:28.000 --> 00:23:29.000 Disordered. 00:23:29.000 --> 00:23:30.000 Restless. 00:23:30.000 --> 00:23:31.000 In all his ways. 00:23:31.000 --> 00:23:35.000 So again, James is pointing at the heart of the problem. 00:23:35.000 --> 00:23:37.000 The heart of the problem. 00:23:37.000 --> 00:23:40.000 Is that many of the people he's writing to. 00:23:40.000 --> 00:23:42.000 Were double minded. 00:23:42.000 --> 00:23:45.000 They would say one thing and do another. 00:23:45.000 --> 00:23:46.000 They pray. 00:23:46.000 --> 00:23:48.000 But really be daydreaming about other stuff. 00:23:48.000 --> 00:23:49.000 Chapter 1. 00:23:49.000 --> 00:23:51.000 They would judge others. 00:23:51.000 --> 00:23:53.000 As they create divisions in the church. 00:23:53.000 --> 00:23:55.000 Because they're really judging by worldly standards. 00:23:55.000 --> 00:23:56.000 Not by God's standards. 00:23:56.000 --> 00:23:59.000 They think that faith is just about agreeing with the right doctrines. 00:23:59.000 --> 00:24:00.000 Or saying the right words. 00:24:00.000 --> 00:24:01.000 And that they don't need to do anything. 00:24:01.000 --> 00:24:03.000 It's all double mindedness. 00:24:03.000 --> 00:24:06.000 And James is pointing to that double mindedness again. 00:24:06.000 --> 00:24:07.000 You may think you're wise. 00:24:07.000 --> 00:24:09.000 But your wisdom is not God's wisdom. 00:24:09.000 --> 00:24:10.000 It's demonic. 00:24:10.000 --> 00:24:12.000 Set on fire by hell. 00:24:12.000 --> 00:24:15.000 It's not so much that these people were hypocrites. 00:24:15.000 --> 00:24:17.000 Deliberately deceiving others. 00:24:17.000 --> 00:24:20.000 Rather in their pride and naivety. 00:24:20.000 --> 00:24:22.000 They were deceiving themselves. 00:24:22.000 --> 00:24:25.000 And isn't that a danger for us as well. 00:24:25.000 --> 00:24:28.000 That's why James is putting this side by side contrast here. 00:24:28.000 --> 00:24:29.000 In verses 15 to 17. 00:24:29.000 --> 00:24:31.000 He's saying look at these two things. 00:24:31.000 --> 00:24:34.000 It's like the old washing up liquid adverts. 00:24:34.000 --> 00:24:36.000 Side by side demo. 00:24:36.000 --> 00:24:37.000 Is it clean? 00:24:37.000 --> 00:24:37.000 00:24:37.000 --> 00:24:38.000 Look at this. 00:24:38.000 --> 00:24:39.000 It isn't really clean. 00:24:39.000 --> 00:24:41.000 You think you're wise. 00:24:41.000 --> 00:24:43.000 Look at your motives. 00:24:43.000 --> 00:24:45.000 If you really are wise. 00:24:45.000 --> 00:24:47.000 The meekness of wisdom. 00:24:47.000 --> 00:24:50.000 It's what we see. 00:24:50.000 --> 00:24:53.000 So in contrast there's wisdom that is earthly. 00:24:53.000 --> 00:24:54.000 Unspiritual. 00:24:54.000 --> 00:24:55.000 Demonic. 00:24:55.000 --> 00:24:57.000 James calls us to verse 17. 00:24:57.000 --> 00:25:00.000 The wisdom from above is first pure. 00:25:00.000 --> 00:25:01.000 Then peaceable. 00:25:01.000 --> 00:25:02.000 Gentle. 00:25:02.000 --> 00:25:04.000 Open to reason. 00:25:04.000 --> 00:25:06.000 Full of mercy and good fruits. 00:25:06.000 --> 00:25:08.000 Impartial and sincere. 00:25:10.000 --> 00:25:12.000 So how do we get this wisdom? 00:25:12.000 --> 00:25:14.000 Is there a course to go on? 00:25:14.000 --> 00:25:16.000 Is there a book we need to read? 00:25:16.000 --> 00:25:19.000 Is there a group to be part of? 00:25:19.000 --> 00:25:20.000 No. 00:25:20.000 --> 00:25:23.000 We simply ask God. 00:25:23.000 --> 00:25:26.000 Right back at the beginning of this letter. 00:25:26.000 --> 00:25:27.000 Chapter 1 verse 5. 00:25:27.000 --> 00:25:29.000 James said if anyone lacks wisdom. 00:25:29.000 --> 00:25:32.000 Let him ask God who gives generously to all. 00:25:32.000 --> 00:25:33.000 Without reproach. 00:25:33.000 --> 00:25:35.000 And it will be given him. 00:25:35.000 --> 00:25:37.000 In verse 17 of chapter 1. 00:25:37.000 --> 00:25:39.000 He told us that every good and perfect gift. 00:25:39.000 --> 00:25:41.000 Is coming down. 00:25:41.000 --> 00:25:43.000 Like the wisdom that comes down from above. 00:25:43.000 --> 00:25:45.000 From the Father of light. 00:25:45.000 --> 00:25:46.000 The same expression. 00:25:46.000 --> 00:25:48.000 Chapter 1 verse 18. 00:25:48.000 --> 00:25:51.000 He told us that it is of God's own will. 00:25:51.000 --> 00:25:52.000 He brought us forth. 00:25:52.000 --> 00:25:54.000 By the word of truth. 00:25:54.000 --> 00:25:57.000 That we should be a kind of first fruits of his creatures. 00:25:57.000 --> 00:26:00.000 This is God's gracious solution. 00:26:00.000 --> 00:26:02.000 To give us new birth. 00:26:02.000 --> 00:26:04.000 To give us wisdom as we ask for it. 00:26:04.000 --> 00:26:06.000 To make us new people. 00:26:06.000 --> 00:26:11.000 And that can only happen through the Lord Jesus Christ. 00:26:11.000 --> 00:26:15.000 It can only happen because he has died on the cross. 00:26:15.000 --> 00:26:18.000 To pay for all our speech. 00:26:18.000 --> 00:26:21.000 To pay for the way we've misused our words. 00:26:21.000 --> 00:26:23.000 He's raised a new life. 00:26:23.000 --> 00:26:25.000 To offer new life to us. 00:26:25.000 --> 00:26:27.000 Because the result. 00:26:27.000 --> 00:26:30.000 Is that the barrenness and ugliness of disorder and vile practices. 00:26:30.000 --> 00:26:33.000 To be replaced by the beauty of peace. 00:26:33.000 --> 00:26:34.000 Look at verse 18. 00:26:34.000 --> 00:26:35.000 This beautiful description. 00:26:35.000 --> 00:26:38.000 And the harvest of righteousness is sown in peace. 00:26:38.000 --> 00:26:40.000 By those who make peace. 00:26:40.000 --> 00:26:44.000 See righteousness in this context is about right relationships. 00:26:44.000 --> 00:26:47.000 Particularly right relationships in the church. 00:26:47.000 --> 00:26:51.000 In chapter 1 James has said that the righteousness God requires. 00:26:51.000 --> 00:26:53.000 The right relationships in the church God requires. 00:26:53.000 --> 00:26:55.000 Is not brought about by man's anger. 00:26:55.000 --> 00:26:57.000 But by God's ways. 00:26:57.000 --> 00:27:01.000 In contrast the meekness that is produced by wisdom. 00:27:01.000 --> 00:27:04.000 Makes us peacemakers, doesn't it? 00:27:04.000 --> 00:27:07.000 When we see how great God is. 00:27:07.000 --> 00:27:09.000 How sinful we are. 00:27:09.000 --> 00:27:13.000 We see the cost that Christ has paid. 00:27:13.000 --> 00:27:16.000 To make peace between us and God. 00:27:16.000 --> 00:27:19.000 And surely that wisdom turns us into peacemakers. 00:27:19.000 --> 00:27:24.000 And that can generate a harvest of righteousness in the church. 00:27:24.000 --> 00:27:28.000 A harvest of righteousness in the sense of a church family. 00:27:28.000 --> 00:27:30.000 Where relationships are right. 00:27:30.000 --> 00:27:33.000 As God pleasing to God. 00:27:33.000 --> 00:27:35.000 The way God wants them. 00:27:35.000 --> 00:27:38.000 See James has shown us our biggest problem. 00:27:38.000 --> 00:27:40.000 The tongue we cannot tame. 00:27:40.000 --> 00:27:42.000 Because it reveals our hearts. 00:27:42.000 --> 00:27:45.000 And he's shown us God's gracious solution. 00:27:45.000 --> 00:27:47.000 Bringing us to new life. 00:27:47.000 --> 00:27:50.000 Through his word of truth implanted in us. 00:27:50.000 --> 00:27:53.000 So why is James written this? 00:27:53.000 --> 00:27:55.000 What does he want us to do about it? 00:27:55.000 --> 00:27:59.000 Well first and foremost we need to examine ourselves don't we? 00:27:59.000 --> 00:28:02.000 What's my speech going to be like at work tomorrow? 00:28:02.000 --> 00:28:06.000 Do we praise God one day and curse our neighbour the next? 00:28:06.000 --> 00:28:07.000 What does my life? 00:28:07.000 --> 00:28:13.000 What does your life reveal about the wisdom we claim to possess? 00:28:13.000 --> 00:28:14.000 Is it from above? 00:28:14.000 --> 00:28:15.000 Are we pure? 00:28:15.000 --> 00:28:16.000 Peaceful? 00:28:16.000 --> 00:28:17.000 Full of mercy? 00:28:17.000 --> 00:28:19.000 Having been shown mercy? 00:28:19.000 --> 00:28:22.000 Or do we harbour selfish ambition? 00:28:22.000 --> 00:28:23.000 And jealousy? 00:28:23.000 --> 00:28:25.000 Wanting other people's success? 00:28:25.000 --> 00:28:33.000 See James has written this because people in his community were just after their own pride. 00:28:33.000 --> 00:28:38.000 Are not concerned with meekness and God's wisdom. 00:28:38.000 --> 00:28:42.000 But is it also a temptation we feel proud about our own situation? 00:28:42.000 --> 00:28:45.000 That this church is very united. 00:28:45.000 --> 00:28:48.000 I've lived in churches where that was not the case. 00:28:48.000 --> 00:28:51.000 It's so easy for us isn't it? 00:28:51.000 --> 00:28:57.000 To look down on churches we know where there are arguments and disorder and every kind of vile practice. 00:28:57.000 --> 00:29:00.000 Yet James says don't do that. 00:29:00.000 --> 00:29:10.000 As soon as we're proud about how good we're doing, how well we're doing, then that's the opposite of meekness isn't it? 00:29:10.000 --> 00:29:14.000 We reveal our folly there rather than our God given wisdom. 00:29:14.000 --> 00:29:21.000 So if we're tempted to think we're doing alright, we need to come back to receive with meekness the word implanted in us. 00:29:21.000 --> 00:29:25.000 Maybe some of us here are tempted to think I'm not all that bad. 00:29:25.000 --> 00:29:28.000 I control my tongue a lot of the time. I don't get that angry. 00:29:28.000 --> 00:29:30.000 I think I'm basically good. 00:29:30.000 --> 00:29:33.000 Well who does James say is good? 00:29:33.000 --> 00:29:37.000 Who does James say actually controls their tongue? 00:29:37.000 --> 00:29:39.000 Verse 8. 00:29:39.000 --> 00:29:42.000 No human being can tame the tongue. 00:29:42.000 --> 00:29:44.000 It is a restless evil. 00:29:44.000 --> 00:29:48.000 That's the Bible's diagnosis of our hearts naturally. 00:29:48.000 --> 00:29:50.000 And so we need help. 00:29:50.000 --> 00:29:51.000 We need help. 00:29:51.000 --> 00:29:52.000 We need help. 00:29:52.000 --> 00:29:56.000 Maybe you're sitting here thinking I'm actually, you know, I'm a nice person. 00:29:56.000 --> 00:29:59.000 Look at your heart. 00:29:59.000 --> 00:30:01.000 Don't you acknowledge you need help? 00:30:01.000 --> 00:30:04.000 And this help is freely available. 00:30:04.000 --> 00:30:08.000 Receive with meekness the word implanted into you. 00:30:08.000 --> 00:30:10.000 Don't try and rationalise your behaviour. 00:30:10.000 --> 00:30:12.000 Don't try and say I'm alright really. 00:30:12.000 --> 00:30:14.000 Or it's okay what I said what I said back then. 00:30:14.000 --> 00:30:17.000 Rather come to the one who can help you. 00:30:17.000 --> 00:30:23.000 Come to the Lord Jesus Christ who died on the cross for our sin. 00:30:23.000 --> 00:30:29.000 Come to him in repentance and faith for the new life, for the clean heart he gives us. 00:30:29.000 --> 00:30:37.000 Every good gift comes down from the Father of lights, our heavenly Father. 00:30:37.000 --> 00:30:47.000 So please let's go to God tonight for this wisdom, for this clean heart, for this new life that only he can bring. 00:30:47.000 --> 00:30:48.000 Let's pray. 00:30:48.000 --> 00:30:48.000 00:30:48.000 --> 00:30:48.000 00:30:48.000 --> 00:30:48.000 00:30:48.000 --> 00:30:48.000 00:30:48.000 --> 00:30:48.000 00:30:48.000 --> 00:30:48.000 00:30:48.000 --> 00:30:48.000 00:30:48.000 --> 00:30:48.000 00:30:48.000 --> 00:30:48.000 00:30:48.000 --> 00:30:48.000 00:30:48.000 --> 00:30:48.000 00:30:48.000 --> 00:30:48.000 00:30:48.000 --> 00:30:48.000 00:30:48.000 --> 00:30:48.000 00:30:48.000 --> 00:30:48.000 00:30:48.000 --> 00:30:48.000 00:30:48.000 --> 00:30:48.000 00:30:48.000 --> 00:30:48.000 00:30:48.000 --> 00:30:48.000 00:30:48.000 --> 00:30:48.000 00:30:48.000 --> 00:30:48.000 00:30:48.000 --> 00:30:48.000 00:30:48.000 --> 00:30:48.000 00:30:48.000 --> 00:30:48.000 00:30:48.000 --> 00:30:48.000 00:30:48.000 --> 00:30:48.000 00:30:48.000 --> 00:30:48.000 00:30:48.000 --> 00:30:48.000 00:30:48.000 --> 00:30:48.000 00:30:48.000 --> 00:30:48.000 00:30:48.000 --> 00:30:48.000 00:30:48.000 --> 00:30:48.000 00:30:48.000 --> 00:30:48.000 00:30:48.000 --> 00:30:48.000 00:30:48.000 --> 00:30:48.000 00:30:48.000 --> 00:30:48.000 00:30:48.000 --> 00:30:48.000