WEBVTT

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 Well, friends, we are in a series, this is the last week of the series, that we are in looking

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! at Acts chapter 17, and we're looking at Paul's ministry in Athens. And Athens, as we have said,

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 is a lot like Washington, D.C. It was a very religiously pluralistic place. It was a center

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 for intellectualism. A lot of the most well-educated people in the region lived in Athens. They

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 gravitated there. It was a cultural center. And so, a lot like D.C. And Paul has been invited at

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 this point in the story to come and essentially give a kind of TED Talk at Harvard University,

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 so to speak, or Oxford. He's been invited to present the gospel at the Areopagus,

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 which is this rocky outcrop where all of the philosophical elites would gather to discuss

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 the various competing worldviews in the age. And so, Paul is invited to make the case for Christ.

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 And we come to this moment, it's kind of a climactic moment, and recognize that this is Paul's big

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 moment. This is his big chance. Everybody gets quiet, they listen, and he begins to lay out the

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 case for Christ. And we looked at, last week, the content of his message. And this week, we're going

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 to look at the way people respond. And what we're going to see is that there are three general

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 categories of response to Paul. And those map onto the three general categories of response that we see

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 more broadly.

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 And...

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 Paul didn't have a microphone.

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 phone? And now neither do I. I'll use this one. So anyway, Paul is invited to present,

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 and we're going to see his responses. There are three general categories of response,

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 and each of the ways that we see people in Athens responding to Paul are the ways that we will

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 always see people respond whenever they hear the gospel. So three general categories of response.

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 We're going to look at these, and I invite you as we are looking at these ways of responding to the

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 gospel. I invite you to reflect on your own heart, your own life, to ask, how have I responded to the

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 gospel? So let's pray. Lord, we thank you for your word, and we thank you that it has a power

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 independent of our preaching or our human wisdom, that your word is the way through which you do

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 your work in us. And we pray, Lord, that as we open your word together, that you would guide us and

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 lead us and ultimately do your work in us, that we might encounter the living word, Jesus Christ,

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 and become more like him, Lord. We pray that you would do this for our good and for your glory.

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 In Jesus' name, amen.

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 Amen. So here's the first category of response that we see to Paul's preaching, verse 32.

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 Now, when they heard of the resurrection of the dead, some mocked. We get to recognize here, we got

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 probably the greatest church planter who's ever lived. This man has seen Jesus face to face.

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 He is theologically and rhetorically brilliant. He is filled with the Holy Spirit.

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 And he gets laughed out of the room. They don't even let him finish his sermon before they start

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 mocking and deriding what he's saying. So he has no other option but to turn around and walk out.

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 And, you know, it's instructive to us because I think there are a lot of people who live in this

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 day and age who assume that the people who came before us, the people who lived 2,000 years ago,

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 were much less sophisticated. They were much more superstitious. They were much more gullible and

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 because of those things, something like a claim of resurrection, a lot more people would buy it

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 because they were just less sophisticated than we are in the 21st century. And this is something that

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 C.S. Lewis famously called chronological snobbery. And the truth is that from the very beginning,

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 people have mocked and ridiculed the claims of Christianity. We see that going all the way back

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 to the Apostle Paul getting laughed out of the room. And especially in a place like Athens, the idea

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 of resurrection went directly against the founding charter of the Areopagus. Traditionally, the god

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 Apollo inaugurated the court of the Areopagus. And when he did, he made this declaration, quote,

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 when a man dies and his blood is spilled on the ground, there is no resurrection.

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 That's in the founding charter of the Areopagus. So Paul is directly challenging one of the founding

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 principles upon which the Areopagus and everything it represented was built. So no wonder people mock him.

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 But let's imagine that's not the case. Let's imagine that there was nothing specifically against the idea

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 of resurrection. Let's imagine that we're in another place. Regardless of when and where you might be,

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 there will always be some people who immediately reject the claims of the gospel when they first hear

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 them. And for some people, this is simply a spiritual block. We know that the Lord needs to open the hearts

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 of people to hear and respond to the gospel. But along with that, in general, it's important for us to

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 recognize, especially those of us who desire to, and I hope we all do, share our faith with people around

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 us who don't know the Lord. One of the things we have observed about human nature is that in general,

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 people have a very hard time changing their mind. People have a hard time changing their mind.

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 When you have a settled way of thinking about things, that creates a sense of peace. You kind of know how

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 the pieces fit together. You have a settled worldview, a settled way of seeing things. And then when you're

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 presented with new information or evidence that challenges those presuppositions, that causes a lot

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 of anxiety. Because all of a sudden, everything is kind of up in the air, it causes what we call cognitive

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 dissonance. Where you have thoughts over here that are not in harmony with thoughts over here and thoughts

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 over here. And all of a sudden, there's a lot of internal stress caused by that cognitive dissonance.

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 And so because of that, some people respond by doubling down on their original position.

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 They double down. It's called the backfire effect. So you present people with a strong argument and

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 evidence that challenges their views, but instead of changing their mind, they become more entrenched

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 in their original position. And there was a big study, a kind of meta-analysis done in 2019

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 on this effect. And what they found is that with more neutral issues, you don't really see this

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 effect that much. With more neutral issues, people are more likely to change their minds

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 in the face of strong evidence. The key is, if you're dealing with issues that are more closely

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 linked to identity, such as political or religious or moral ideas, that is where you see the backfire

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 effect most strongly pronounced. And whenever we are engaging with people across lines of difference,

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 whenever you're talking to people and there's a difference in views and you're dealing with topics

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 that are political or moral or religious, it's incredibly important that you keep in mind,

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 you are not just having an intellectual debate. People on both sides are having to manage their own

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 internal stress and anxiety that is being caused by cognitive dissonance. For most all of us, just being

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 open to the possibility that you might be wrong on anything causes an enormous amount of discomfort.

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 So Paul comes in and he's claiming that Jesus was resurrected. That runs directly against the worldview

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 that was held by many of his listeners. And so that causes an enormous amount of cognitive dissonance.

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 And so some of these people double down and they become more certain and more sure than ever that

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 there's no possibility of resurrection and they can't even let him finish and they mock him and they drive him

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 out. So for those of us who are contending for the gospel, some people are immediately going to shut down.

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 And don't think that you can talk them through or convince them or present more evidence.

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 That's really not what's going on. They're trying to manage the storm of anxiety that this is causing

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 inside. And many times you just have to accept you're not going to change that person's mind anytime soon.

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 So some people mock and immediately reject Paul's message. The next response is very interesting.

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 We go on to read, others said, we will hear you again about this. Now it's possible that some of

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 these people are genuinely curious and that's probably the case. I mean, certainly there are

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 legitimate reasons why people would want to discuss and investigate the claims of Christianity more.

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 And I would always tell anyone who is exploring Christianity, you should ask all the hard questions.

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 You should not be afraid to investigate these claims. Christianity does not ask people to take a

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 blind leap of faith. It's a faith that's actually based on strong evidence and eyewitness testimony.

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 It has a rich intellectual tradition spanning 2,000 years. Some of history's greatest thinkers have been

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 faithful followers of Jesus. So I would always encourage people, if you're genuinely wanting to

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 investigate this, you should. There's a lot there. But a lot of commentators read this response from the

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 Athenians more as a form of procrastination. In other words, they're putting off what they really believe

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 about Jesus as long as they can. And I think that there are a lot of reasons why a person would be

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 tempted to procrastinate. We live in a culture that prizes open-mindedness. I heard one professor lamenting

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 his students and how there is a kind of overwhelming cynicism that pervades. His students are so afraid

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 to appear earnest or that they might genuinely be passionate about or believe something because

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 they're afraid that they will be mocked and outed as being intellectually unsophisticated.

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 And so there's a kind of cynical open-mindedness that says we can't ever really be sure about anything

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 that holds sway and masquerades as intellectual sophistication. And so people on the issue of

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 religion on something like the truth of the gospel believe that if they remain perpetually open-minded

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 about everything, that that is the most secure place to be. You'll never be seen as being naive

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 or having been taken in by something. You know, the words of G.K. Chesterton come to mind where he

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 famously said, an open mind is like an open mouth. It's meant to be shut again on something solid.

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 And, you know, if you're never prepared to close your mouth on something solid,

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 you'll ultimately experience spiritual starvation. And your mind is the same way. If you always ask

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 questions, never prepared to receive an answer, you're going to experience, eventually, starvation.

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 So that's one reason potentially why people might procrastinate, the desire to remain open-minded and

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 appear intellectually sophisticated. Another reason, I believe, is that some people think that as long

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 as they don't have strongly held convictions, they can't be held accountable to those convictions.

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 Because once you say you believe something, then you're accountable to that thing.

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 And over the years, I have seen many, many people hover right on the edge of faith for years and years

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 and years. These are people I love, people with whom I've had long conversations, people for whom I have

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 great respect. But I've seen people hover right on the edge of faith for years and years and years.

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 They clearly feel compelled by the truth of Jesus and the gospel, but they will never step fully into faith

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 because they know that it means that things will begin to change in their life.

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 So they're not willing to let that happen. And what you begin to realize is

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 the real obstacle for such a person is not intellectual. So again, no amount of evidence

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 is going to make a dent. The real obstacle is control. These are people who would prefer to stay

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 in control, to not have to surrender their lives to something or someone greater. And so they are

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 incentivized to hover right on the edge of faith. So there are a number of incentives to procrastinate

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 where people never really decide what they believe and commit to it. But I think that we need to

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 understand that if we respond this way to something like the gospel, we are deeply misunderstanding

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 the nature of the gospel message. Because say, if you go to a wine tasting and somebody says,

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 you know, I think the Pinot is better than the Cab, you might say, well, thanks for the input. I'll

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 consider it and I'll decide what I think about it and what my opinion is. And there's no incentive to

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 do that anytime soon. You can go the rest of your life and never really be sure if you like Pinot or

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 Cabernet more and you're okay. You'll survive and do just fine. But if somebody calls and says,

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 your house is on fire, or if the bank calls and says, your mortgage payment is late, or if somebody

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 calls and says, you've just won the lottery and you only have so many days to reply. See, that kind

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 of message is fundamentally different. You wouldn't in any of those cases say, well, you know, that's your

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 opinion and I'm just going to take some time and decide what I think. That kind of message demands

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 a response. So if you understand what the gospel message is saying, it's saying the God of the

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 universe made you and loves you beyond all comprehension. And he has now made it possible

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 for you to know him intimately, to be forgiven for all the ways that you've rebelled against him and to

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 become part of the new creation for all eternity, to be renewed from the inside out. So that's the gospel

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 message. So either it's not true and you shouldn't do anything, or it is true and it changes everything.

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 But if you understand the nature of the message, there is no third option that says, spend the next

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 10 years of your life on the periphery taking that into consideration. You know, Paul says,

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 the times of ignorance God overlooked, but now is the time to decide. And that brings us to the third

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 response, which is the response of faith. And these two converts that we learn about in verse 34 are

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 wonderful examples of this. As Paul starts to walk away, it says in verse 34, some men joined him and

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 believed, among whom also were Dionysius the Areopagite and a woman named Damaris and others with them.

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 And so we're told about some men who leave with Paul and then we're told about two converts by name,

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 Dionysius the Areopagite. This is the equivalent of someone who's on the faculty of Harvard or Oxford.

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 Right? So Dionysius is somebody who is highly respected. He is a scholar in first century Athenian terms.

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 And then Damaris is a woman who we can only imagine must have been a very high status to be allowed in the

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 Areopagus, where most of the time women were not allowed. And the fact that these two people are mentioned by name

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 strongly suggests that they were well-known and respected, if not leaders, in the church that formed

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 in Athens after Paul's ministry. In the Eastern Orthodox tradition, they're both held up as saints

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 and celebrated for that reason. So these people, including these two that are mentioned by name,

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 hear Paul's message and they respond with faith.

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 So what is Paul's message? Well, it's the same message that Jesus preached during his earthly ministry.

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 And it has two parts, repent and believe. Repent and believe. In modern English, you know, we say,

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 I believe something. And what we mean by that often is, you know, I think that's true. It's intellectual

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 assent. But in the New Testament, the word pistou is far richer. It doesn't just mean that you assent

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 to facts being true. It means entrusting yourself. Entrusting yourself. It's even used sometimes to

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 describe entrusting yourself to another person. So when you say, I believe something, pistou, you're

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 saying, I entrust myself to this. So that's the difference between saying, I believe that this

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 chair can hold my weight and actually sitting down in the chair. One is an opinion. The other is a

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 commitment. And if believing means entrusting yourself to someone, what that means is that you

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 have to turn away from the things that you used to trust and rely on. And that's really what the word

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 repentance means. So when Jesus says, repent and believe the gospel, he's not inviting us simply to

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 nod our heads to a creed. He's saying, you need to turn away from every lesser trust.

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 Your achievements, the control you believe you have over your life or the people around you or the

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 future, the idols, the things that you have built your life on. He says, you need to turn away from

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 every lesser trust. Every other thing that you look to give you peace and security as you lay down at

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 night to go to sleep. Every other thing that you live for that you can't imagine your life without.

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 And throw yourself entirely into his arms. In other words, to believe in Christ is to trust him

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 to bear the weight of your life. I believe that this person can bear the weight of my life.

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 To entrust your past, your present, and your future to him and to follow him.

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 If you remember the movie Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade, some of you know I love this

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 illustration. There's a powerful illustration of repentance. And I pull it out every few years

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 because it bears repeating. At the end of the movie, there's this chasm that is opened in the

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 ground and Indiana Jones is hanging over the chasm. And his father is holding him by one hand,

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 but with the other hand, he's reaching out trying to grab the grail. So if you can imagine, he's hanging

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 like this and the grail is just out of reach. And he's just struggling and trying to reach out for the

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 grail. And he keeps saying, I've almost got it. I've almost got it. I've almost got it.

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 And his hand is slipping. And we know as the audience that if he keeps reaching for it,

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 he's going to lose his grip and he's going to plummet into the chasm. And so his father very

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 calmly speaks his name. And he says in a very calm and loving voice, Indiana, let it go.

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 And then Indy stops reaching out for the cup and he turns and he looks into his father's eyes.

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 And then he reaches up and he takes his father's hand and his father pulls him out.

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 And in my opinion, it's probably one of the best illustrations of repentance

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 in pop culture. Every single one of us sins because we are constantly tempted to pursue things,

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 to worship things, to give our allegiance to things other than God. And often these are good

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 things that we've just allowed to become too important. But we all have kind of holy grails

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 in our lives, like things that we are reaching for that we believe are the thing that we most need,

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 like security or comfort or affirmation. And eventually, pursuing those things instead of God

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 will ultimately lead to our demise. And so repentance means listening to the voice of our father

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 who is calling us each by name in a calm and gentle and loving voice and responding to his invitation,

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 let it go. The things that we're pursuing instead of him. And it means turning around and taking his hand

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 and trusting him to bear us up. That's repentance. So think back for a moment to the second group,

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 the procrastinators, the people who we said ultimately are procrastinating,

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 not for intellectual reasons necessarily, but possibly because they want to stay in control

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 of their lives. The barrier really here, now that we understand this, is that they don't want to repent.

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 They don't want to have to let it go. They want to, many times, have both. I want to have a little bit

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 of Jesus in my life. I want to have a little bit of faith. And I also want to have the things that I

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 most want. And it keeps you in this state of perpetual uncertainty and uncommitment and ultimately

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 spiritually hungry. They want to stay in control. You know, there's a guy in the news this week.

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 Some of you may know who I'm talking about. He's the CEO of a tech company.

00:23:36.559 --> 00:23:42.240
 You know exactly what I'm talking about. And he's been having an affair, it's such a cliche,

00:23:43.039 --> 00:23:48.839
 with a woman from his company, head of HR or something like that. And they're at a Coldplay concert

00:23:48.839 --> 00:23:55.980
 and they get out the kiss cam and they're pointing it at different people. And all of a sudden,

00:23:55.980 --> 00:24:01.420
 they come over to this couple and they look up and they realize that they're on the jumbotron.

00:24:03.180 --> 00:24:10.420
 And they're horrified. And they start scrambling, trying to hide. You know, the woman just turns

00:24:10.420 --> 00:24:16.360
 around and the guy just sort of awkwardly just kind of lays down on the ground. And of course,

00:24:16.460 --> 00:24:20.500
 you know, people have pointed out that it's their attempts to hide that outed them. You know,

00:24:20.519 --> 00:24:24.200
 if they just played it cool, probably nobody would have known. But the more they try to hide,

00:24:24.200 --> 00:24:28.519
 the more guilty they look. And of course, the internet has done its thing.

00:24:30.019 --> 00:24:35.100
 And this man's poor wife wakes up to thousands of messages on her Facebook page, I think,

00:24:35.720 --> 00:24:41.259
 outing her husband as a cheater. And people are tearing him to shreds and mocking him. And

00:24:41.259 --> 00:24:49.180
 I mean, it's a feeding frenzy. You know, you see that. And I just, I don't know if this thought

00:24:49.180 --> 00:24:57.580
 struck you, but I mean, you know, imagine what it would be like to have your sin projected up on a

00:24:57.580 --> 00:25:03.980
 jumbotron. You know, you think you're there. He made some comment about we should be able to

00:25:03.980 --> 00:25:08.380
 expect some measure of privacy. And I can't believe you outed us, you know.

00:25:08.380 --> 00:25:16.700
 But imagine if that was you. And imagine if your sin was just put on display on a jumbotron

00:25:16.700 --> 00:25:21.680
 for everybody to see. Here's the thing. He probably thinks this is the worst thing that could have

00:25:21.680 --> 00:25:29.540
 happened to him. Spiritually speaking, this could be the best thing that ever happened to him.

00:25:30.400 --> 00:25:37.180
 This could be the moment that changes everything in this man's life. Because the truth is out there.

00:25:37.180 --> 00:25:41.980
 His sin is on display. And if we know anything about us, it's just the tip of the iceberg.

00:25:43.640 --> 00:25:50.960
 No more hiding. No more self-deception. No more deceiving his company and his wife and his kids.

00:25:51.160 --> 00:25:58.279
 And no more lying. It's all out there. And imagine if a man like that allowed this to drive him to his

00:25:58.279 --> 00:26:05.200
 knees, to humble him. Imagine if it drove him to repent, to cry out to Jesus for mercy because he's not

00:26:05.200 --> 00:26:11.779
 finding it anywhere else. Imagine if he cried out and imagine if he fell into the arms of Jesus.

00:26:11.980 --> 00:26:16.500
 This could completely change his life. We could see a guy like this 10 years from now looking back and

00:26:16.500 --> 00:26:23.360
 saying, that was the best thing that ever happened to me. Because I was exposed. Because here's the thing.

00:26:23.359 --> 00:26:32.719
 God sees our hearts. To him, it's like all of our sin. Not just the affair that we might be having, but all of it

00:26:32.719 --> 00:26:40.359
 is on display like a big jumbotron. Right? And from God's perspective, the more we try to hide, the more

00:26:40.359 --> 00:26:46.259
 ridiculous we look. And the more guilty we look. But here's where the gospel differs.

00:26:46.259 --> 00:26:56.839
 The gospel says that unlike the internet mob, God doesn't delight when people are publicly shamed.

00:26:58.839 --> 00:27:05.619
 He doesn't delight in people being exposed and ridiculed. You know, God doesn't laugh at us.

00:27:06.740 --> 00:27:11.519
 God doesn't mock. When God sees our sin, it breaks his heart.

00:27:11.519 --> 00:27:17.500
 God doesn't. And Jesus is willing to suffer and to die to cover our shame.

00:27:18.180 --> 00:27:19.319
 Not to magnify it.

00:27:20.960 --> 00:27:23.819
 And he does that because God ultimately wants us to be forgiven.

00:27:24.279 --> 00:27:27.460
 And he wants us to be restored. And he wants us to be with him.

00:27:28.599 --> 00:27:31.099
 God sees who he created us to be.

00:27:31.279 --> 00:27:35.519
 And he wants to restore us to that original glory and purpose.

00:27:38.099 --> 00:27:40.059
 That's the invitation of the gospel.

00:27:41.519 --> 00:27:42.519
 God sees who he's forgiven.

00:27:42.519 --> 00:27:46.359
 So these are the three responses that Paul gets in Athens.

00:27:46.539 --> 00:27:51.200
 And for those of us who are Christians, who are hoping to see culture renewed,

00:27:51.420 --> 00:27:55.420
 this passage, I think, helps level set. It helps manage our expectations.

00:27:56.359 --> 00:27:59.900
 There will always be people who mock. That's okay.

00:28:01.599 --> 00:28:03.579
 There will always be people who reject it.

00:28:04.119 --> 00:28:06.220
 There will always be people who procrastinate.

00:28:06.220 --> 00:28:12.740
 And in those two categories, most likely we're not dealing ultimately with intellectual objections.

00:28:13.559 --> 00:28:14.720
 It's something deeper.

00:28:15.860 --> 00:28:20.400
 But then there will always be people like Dionysius.

00:28:21.059 --> 00:28:23.640
 There will always be people like Damaris.

00:28:23.779 --> 00:28:27.000
 There will always be people around us.

00:28:27.100 --> 00:28:33.000
 The people we might least expect whose hearts at that very moment are being open to the truth of the gospel.

00:28:33.000 --> 00:28:35.400
 And all they need is for someone to share it with them.

00:28:36.339 --> 00:28:40.920
 And imagine if Paul had quit because of the mockery or the procrastination.

00:28:41.720 --> 00:28:48.380
 If he had quit, he never would have seen these people come to faith.

00:28:49.059 --> 00:28:51.619
 And there might never have been a church in Athens.

00:28:53.900 --> 00:28:54.519
 Let's pray.

00:28:54.519 --> 00:28:59.500
 Lord, we thank you for your word.

00:28:59.940 --> 00:29:02.619
 We thank you that you are at work in our midst.

00:29:04.039 --> 00:29:06.240
 And 99% of it we cannot see.

00:29:07.379 --> 00:29:10.519
 But you are doing things that go beyond what we can ask or even imagine.

00:29:10.680 --> 00:29:12.460
 I pray that we would have eyes of faith.

00:29:13.019 --> 00:29:14.639
 To trust and to know that.

00:29:15.079 --> 00:29:16.900
 And to respond accordingly.

00:29:17.660 --> 00:29:21.099
 That you would give us boldness and wisdom and insight.

00:29:21.099 --> 00:29:27.819
 Lord, I pray that for those who may hear this who are on the fence.

00:29:28.019 --> 00:29:33.159
 Or who have closed themselves to the possibility of you, Lord.

00:29:33.199 --> 00:29:36.959
 I pray that your Holy Spirit would do what no human can do.

00:29:37.059 --> 00:29:38.539
 Would open those hearts.

00:29:39.219 --> 00:29:40.399
 And make that truth known.

00:29:40.740 --> 00:29:41.519
 And sink it deep.

00:29:42.359 --> 00:29:44.019
 We pray this in Jesus' holy name.

00:29:44.179 --> 00:29:44.379
 Amen.

00:29:44.379 --> 00:29:44.500
 Amen.