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 Well, over the past few months on Sunday evenings,

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 we've been working through a series on worship,

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 and we've been focusing on the elements of corporate worship,

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 what we do here on a Sunday gathering.

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 But worship is not just an activity we do once a week,

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 and then switch off.

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 This evening, we're going to think a bit about worship

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 in the context of Monday to Saturday.

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 So the six other days, we're going to look at life as worship.

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 And we're going to do this by looking at Romans chapter 12,

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 so if you have a Bible, you might find it helpful to have it open there.

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 So tonight, we're thinking about the whole of life as worship,

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 and I want to break it down into two questions.

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 The first, what is a true life of worship?

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 What's involved?

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 Second, how do we live that out?

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 What does that look like?

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 So first of all, what is a true life of worship?

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 You might remember back at the beginning of our series,

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 Corey defined worship as the outworking of a heart

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 directed towards something of values.

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 You see, worship is fundamentally the ascribing of value to something.

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 It's an outpouring of something in us into something.

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 And the reason it's so important to think about worship is that you do it.

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 Every one of you is a worshiper.

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 Worship is something that comes naturally to us as human beings.

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 Paul Trip, a pastor and author in the US, said this.

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 He said that human beings, by their very nature, are worshippers.

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 You see, worship is not just something we do, it defines who we are.

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 You cannot divide human beings into those who worship and those who don't.

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 Everybody worships, it's just a matter of what or whom you serve.

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 So worship is something that's instinctive to us.

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 And Paul makes that so clear right back at the beginning of this book in chapter 1.

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 He says, all human beings know deep down that they're made to serve God.

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 But we choose to suppress that truth.

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 We turn and worship other things in God's place.

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 So what does that mean?

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 Well, the great musician Bob Dylan put it like this.

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 You've got to serve somebody.

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 Romans 1 means the question is not, do you worship?

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 But what do you worship?

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 What is the content of your worship?

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 What is the object you are focused on?

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 There's a postmodern novelist called David Foster Wallace.

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 He's written a few books like Infinite Jest and The Pale King.

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 He said that everyone is looking for real meaning in life.

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 And whatever you use to do that, whether it's money, sex, power, intellect,

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 whatever it is, it's essentially a form of worship.

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 He goes on to explain that each form of worship does not merely make you fragile

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 and exhausted, but it can eat you alive.

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 If you've read The Lord of the Rings by J.R.R. Tolkien, you'll know the character Gollum.

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 You might have seen the films.

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 Gollum's ultimate desire in The Lord of the Rings is for the ring of power.

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 It's something he craves and desires above all else.

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 And for a while he possesses this ring.

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 He has this ring.

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 He cherishes it.

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 He loves it. He worships this ring.

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 But it slowly consumes him.

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 It's a thing he wanted more than anything in the world,

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 but he becomes filled with hate, bitter and jealousy.

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 It was never enough.

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 Now, Gollum is an extreme example,

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 but in a similar way, the things we long for, the things we desire,

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 the things our hearts value most,

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 have the potential to be incredibly destructive.

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 We know that.

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 The things that we long for, as David Foster-Wall's put it, can eat us alive.

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 So the point is, if the object of our worship is something other than God,

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 it will never deliver the fulfillment we're looking for.

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 It will never ultimately satisfy an affirm.

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 And this is not a new phenomenon.

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 It's not a problem just for our post-Moran culture.

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 St. Augustine, back in the fourth century, put it like this in his Confessions.

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 He said,

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 Our hearts are restless until they find our rest in God.

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 So the point is, everyone is a worshiper.

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 What does a true life of worship look like then?

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 This is what Paul is getting at here in the beginning of chapter 12, verse 1.

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 I appeal to you, brothers and sisters,

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 by the mercies of God, present your bodies as a living sacrifice,

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 wholly and acceptable to God.

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 This is your spiritual worship.

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 So what does that mean?

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 What does it mean to present your body as a living sacrifice?

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 I mean, the whole concept of a sacrifice is pretty alien to us today.

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 We don't really come across sacrifices in 21st century Edinburgh.

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 But for those back in the first century to Paul's writing, it's a familiar concept.

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 So Paul's using this imagery as a metaphor to teach us about our worship.

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 See, when you think of a sacrifice, you generally think of something that's killed,

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 something that's taken, that's alive, and then it's slaughtered on an altar.

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 But Paul's calling us here for a living sacrifice.

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 It's fundamentally about lifestyle.

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 It's about the way we live in this world.

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 The 16th century reformer, John Calvin, put it like this.

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 He said,

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 When Paul speaks about bodies here, he does not mean only our bones and our flesh,

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 but all that we are.

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 Our whole being.

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 That includes our thoughts, our emotions, our wills, our desires.

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 In other words, the whole of human life is an act of worship.

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 Paul writes elsewhere in Philippians chapter 1,

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 It is my eager expectation and hope that Christ will be honoured in my body.

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 What this means is that our whole life is important to God.

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 That includes our physicality.

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 It includes the things we do during the week.

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 Your work, your studies, the time you spend with family and friends,

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 your relationships, your leisure time, how you live and act and speak

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 and think in these aspects of life is important to God.

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 The theologian Douglas Mew put it like this.

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 He said that worship is a 24-7 matter.

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 Of course, corporate worship is critical.

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 It's so important.

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 But we worship God when we show love to others,

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 when we do our jobs faithfully and with integrity,

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 when we nurture our families.

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 God wants us always to be bringing glory to Him by the way we live.

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 Now, Paul says three things about this sacrifice.

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 He says it's living, he says it's holy,

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 and he says it's acceptable to God.

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 Now, instantly this makes us think of Old Testament imagery,

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 of Leviticus, of the priestly sacrificial system.

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 I think we can make sense of understanding this

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 by looking at what Paul says next.

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 He says here, this is your spiritual worship.

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 And I think that's a fine translation.

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 But it's interesting to note that the word Paul uses for worship

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 is the noun Latrea.

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 And there's another more general word that the New Testament uses for worship.

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 This word seems to have more precisely a sense of priestly service.

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 This kind of cultic ritualistic imagery.

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 So what Paul is saying is, you know, present your body as a living sacrifice.

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 This is your Latrea. This is your priestly service.

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 In other words, what the priests once did in the temple,

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 putting the head on the hand of the animal,

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 offering up of its life and so on,

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 Paul's applying this concept of ritualistic sacrifice

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 as a metaphor for the daily Christian living.

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 Each day there is to be a giving up of ourselves to God.

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 Each day there is to be a recognition that we are not truly our own.

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 That, Paul says, is your true spiritual worship.

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 You might have heard of the New City Catechism.

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 It's taken the old concept of teaching through a question and answer model

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 and it's supplying it with contemporary language.

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 I think it's great.

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 And question one says, what is our only hope in life and death?

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 It's that we're not our own.

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 We are not our own, but we belong body and soul,

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 both in life and in death, to God and to our Savior Jesus Christ.

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 So that's our first point.

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 A true life of worship is about offering God your whole being.

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 Not just your emotions, not just your mind,

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 not just your soul, but your body, the things you do with your life.

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 Everything that makes us us.

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 It means that you worship in your work,

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 you worship in your family, in your relationships,

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 everything you do, Monday to Saturday.

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 So the second question, how do we live that out?

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 How do we go about offering ourselves up to God?

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 Well, Paul follows this in verse two with two imperatives, two instructions.

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 There's a negative and a positive.

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 The negative don't be conformed to the pattern of the world

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 and then the positive be transformed by the renewal of your mind.

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 So don't be conformed to the pattern of the world.

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 In other words, don't let the world squeeze you into its mold.

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 Think about some of the things that drive our culture, that drive our world.

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 Consumerism.

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 The desire for success and advancement at all costs.

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 The kind of pleasure principle.

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 The desire for instant gratification wherever we can find it.

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 And it never delivers. We know that.

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 See, whatever we worship also becomes a source of identity for us.

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 Whether that's money, career, sexual relationships,

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 whatever it is we look to for fulfillment and affirmation becomes a source of identity.

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 Now Paul is saying there's a danger that the mindset of the world gets caught up in our identity.

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 That it influences the way we live in the world.

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 We're very good at naturally compartmentalizing our lives.

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 We're maybe quite happy to give God center stage on a Sunday,

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 but the rest of the week belongs to us.

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 Now Paul is not saying you need to withdraw from the world,

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 but don't imitate it. Don't allow it to influence you.

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 Don't let its thinking shape you.

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 Don't give to other things what rightly belongs to God as the world does.

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 So that's the negative. The positive.

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 Be transformed by the renewing of your mind.

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 The mind is really fascinating.

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 There's so much in Scripture about the human mind.

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 In Romans 1, when Paul is talking about human depravity,

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 there's a clear focus on the mind.

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 It's what people know cognitively to be true.

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 They suppress that through their wickedness.

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 Then on in chapter 7, there's this great battle in the mind.

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 A desire to serve God, to worship God, and the desires of sin.

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 In chapter 8, that battle continues. Paul writes in verse 5,

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 those who live according to the flesh have their mindset on what the flesh desires.

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 But those who live in accordance with the spirit have their mindset on what the spirit desires.

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 The mind that is governed by flesh is death.

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 But the mind governed by spirit is life and peace.

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 The mind governed by the flesh is hostile to God.

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 It does not submit to his law, nor can it do so.

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 And now here in chapter 12, Paul continues this imagery by setting up this great contrast.

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 Do not be conformed to this world, but be transformed by the renewal of your mind.

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 Either you will worship the true God, or you will worship other things in his place.

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 Now we depend on the power of the Holy Spirit for that transformation.

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 To shape our minds, to transform us into true worshipers.

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 Don't be conformed, Paul says, be transformed.

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 How else do we worship God with our whole being?

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 I want to take a step back and look at it as a life of worship that is rooted firmly in the Gospel.

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 We don't look at these verses in isolation.

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 What Paul says in verse 1 is really interesting.

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 He says, therefore, by the mercies of God.

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 Therefore is a really important word.

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 These two verses, most scholars agree, act as a transition in Romans.

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 In 1-11, Paul has laid out these great gospel truths.

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 He's laid out this fulsome exposition of human salvation.

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 He goes through the problems of sin, salvation through faith, freedom from sin, victory in Christ, sanctification, all these great doctrines.

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 In chapter 10, he summarizes, if you declare with your mouth Jesus's Lord,

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 and you believe in your heart that God raised him from the dead, you will be saved.

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 For it's with your heart that you believe and are justified, and it's with your mouth that you profess and are saved.

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 Now he says in verse 1, therefore, by the mercies of God, by all that we've been talking about,

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 we have this transition from the truth of the Gospel to the implications of the Gospel.

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 It's like a shift from doctrine to ethics.

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 And that happens quite a lot in the New Testament.

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 It's a helpful way to read it.

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 It's what some people call an indicative imperative.

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 It's basically, this is how things are, this is what God has done, therefore, in light of that, this is how you should live.

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 And that order is so important.

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 What it means is that our worship is grounded in what God has done.

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 It's not the case that you just need to worship God more so he will accept you.

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 It's not the case that you guys aren't worshiping, so you need to worship.

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 Paul is saying, think about all that God has done for you in Christ.

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 Think about God's mercies and let that lead you to hold nothing back.

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 The ultimate example of what we're thinking about has to be what Corey was speaking about this morning.

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 Christ sacrificed for us.

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 His sacrifice for you.

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 His sacrifice for me.

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 Jesus Christ's suffering on the cross mocked, beaten, humiliated, forsaken for us.

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 It just encapsulates that whole idea of offering your body as a living sacrifice.

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 The crux of that for Jesus was to literally put his body for us on the cross.

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 Tim Keller at Gospel Coalition conference last week said that there's a principle at the very heart of this reality.

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 It's my life for yours.

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 Sin, he says, distorts things and makes us operate everything on the principle, your life for me.

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 What can I gain from this person? What can I benefit? What can I take from this situation?

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 But he says, Jesus Christ turns that upside down.

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 He says, my life for you.

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 I sacrifice for you.

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 Every day, every hour, Keller says, we are faced with that choice.

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 Which of those operating principles do we follow?

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 So a true life of worship is grounded in the Gospel.

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 Now briefly, life of worship means a life of transformation.

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 So when Paul speaks about the renewal of your mind, he's talking about more than an intellectual ascent to some doctrine.

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 He's talking about more than just some kind of understanding in your mind of something.

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 And that's important. Doctrine is important.

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 But we need to experience God's transformation.

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 His power at working us through His Spirit to sanctify us, to change us.

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 Jonathan Edwards, a great American preacher a few centuries back, used the illustration of the Christian being like the butterfly.

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 You've probably heard it before.

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 He said that a Christian whose lifestyle doesn't noticeably change, doesn't show any sign of transformation,

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 is like a butterfly to crawl miserably along a branch as if it was still a caterpillar.

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 It's absurd. It doesn't compute.

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 A butterfly has gone through a radical transformation.

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 So for it to come out of that cocoon and to continue acting and living and thinking as if it was still a caterpillar, is absurd.

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 How much more absurd then, he says, is it for a Christian to follow Jesus Christ, to claim to know Him and love Him,

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 but not show any sign of that in their Monday to Saturday life, to turn up at church for an hour,

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 but to not display that transformation in the workplace, in their families, in their social settings.

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 See, we undergo a lifelong process of transformation.

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 The gospel changes the way we think, it changes the way we speak, the way we act.

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 It changes the way we interact with our world.

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 It changes fundamentally the way we value things.

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 C.S. Lewis said that all of life's good pleasures, the good things we enjoy in life, should lead a Christian to worship, to adoration.

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 He says that a beautiful view, delicious food, the arts, literature, a great piece of music, sport, all these things we enjoy with our mind must run back,

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 he says, up the sunbeam to the sun.

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 These things should lead us to worship.

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 Now, one final question.

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 What is life for?

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 We're taking a big step back here.

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 What is life for?

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 If you were stopped on the street and you were asked, what are you living for?

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 What is at the core of your existence?

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 What would you say?

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 It's a challenging question, and it's a question that consumes people.

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 The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy, a science fiction novel, they go and build a supercomputer specifically to answer this question.

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 And it takes this computer seven and a half million years to come up with an answer.

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 What is the ultimate answer to the question of life, the universe and everything else?

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 42.

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 It's underwhelming.

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 It's completely meaningless.

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 And for a lot of people out there, it might as well be their answer.

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 What is the meaning of life?

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 We go through the motions, we eat, we sleep, we work, we relax, we play, we die.

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 Life can feel truly meaningless.

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 And everyone at some level is deep down conscious of the need of a sense of purpose.

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 We can't truly live as human beings without ascribing meaning to something outside ourselves.

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 It's really interesting.

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 One agnostic wrote on a blog,

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 if all the significance of all great human achievements can be reduced to some neurons firing in my brain,

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 then surely it's all destined to be extinguished at death.

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 And it goes on to write,

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 considering that the entire span of human existence on Earth

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 wouldn't amount to a blip on the radar screen of a five billion year old universe.

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 It seems silly to pretend like the 60 odd year life of some random organism

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 and one of trillions of planets was anything special.

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 By simply living my life, I felt like I was living a lie.

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 I acknowledged the truth that life was meaningless.

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 And yet, every day I would act as if my life had meaning.

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 The hope and the love and the joy I experienced on a daily basis was something real,

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 something more than chemicals firing in my brain.

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 So the point here is, you can't get away from the fact that human beings have an inbuilt desire for meaning, for purpose.

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 And understanding that you're created as a worshiper explains that.

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 It gives you a real tangible purpose in life.

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 So let's look at the answer to this question.

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 What is the primary purpose of humanity?

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 What are we here for? What are we all about?

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 Our primary purpose is to glorify God and in doing so enjoy Him forever.

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 To live a life of true worship of the one true God

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 and to find ultimate fulfillment and satisfaction in Him.

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 And as I've just put it, it is then that the door at which you've been knocking your whole life will be opened at last.

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 So just to draw things together, all of life is worship of something.

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 We worship God here on a Sunday, but you also worship Him in your work tomorrow.

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 Worship Him as you study, as you learn things at university.

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 Worship Him in your relationships. Worship Him with your family.

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 Worship Him in the things you enjoy doing in life.

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 Worship Him with your whole being.

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 I appeal to you, brothers and sisters, by the mercies of God, present your bodies as a living sacrifice, holy and acceptable to God.

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 This is your spiritual worship.

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 Don't be conformed, be transformed.

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 I'll finish with John Calvin.

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 He says that the whole Christian life, the whole Christian worship can be summed up in a single statement.

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 1 Corinthians 6, verse 19,

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 You are not your own, for you were bought with a price, so glorify God in your body.

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 May He help us, so to do. Amen.